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The Metric System. The Metric System. All scientific measurements are made using the Metric System. It is also called the SI System (La Systeme International d’Unites) The United States is the only major country that does not use this system. Very Easy To Use. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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The Metric System
The Metric System• All scientific measurements are made using
the Metric System.• It is also called the SI System
(La Systeme International d’Unites)• The United States is the only major country
that does not use this system.
Very Easy To Use
There are base units and prefixes Based on 10 (10 and 100 and 1,000) so you
multiply or divide by 10 when converting It’s a decimal system… Can you think of a
system we use every day that is a decimal system? ___________
Hint
Metric Base Units(last names)
Length (how long it is) meterVolume (how much space it takes up) liter (for liquids)
meter3 (for solids)
Mass (how much matter is in it) gramTemp. (how much heat it has) °Celsius
Time (how long it takes) second
How Do We Measure Them? (tools)
LengthTemperature
Volume
TimeMass
Metric Prefixes
kilohectodeka
decicentimilli
1000 100 10
1/10 (0.1) 1/100 (0.01) 1/1000 (0.001)
BASE UNIT 1
Moving the Decimal for Length
Smaller Units, Larger Number
Larger Units, Smaller Number
Base Unit
kilo(km)
Hecto(hm)
Deka(dka)
METER(m)
Deci(dm)
Centi(cm)
Milli(mm)
Let’s make it easier
What’s a millimeter ? About the thickness of a paperclip
What’s a centimeter? About the width of your pinkie finger
What’s a meter? Height from the floor to the door knob
The length of the yellow line in centimeters (there will be a decimal) is _______ cm
The length of the yellow line in millimeters (there will not be a decimal) is _______ mm
Mass• The mass is the amount of matter (or
stuff) in an object and never changes unless you change the object.
• We use a triple beam balance to find the mass of an object in grams.
Mass vs. Weight
• The weight of something is the amount of gravity pulling down on an object and will change if you go somewhere with more or less gravity.
• Mass is NOT the same as weight!
Moving the Decimal for Mass
Smaller Units, Larger Number
Larger Units, Smaller Number
Base Unit
kilo(kg)
Hecto(hg)
Deka(dkg)
GRAM(g)
Deci(dg)
Centi(cg)
Milli(mg)
Use the triple beam balance to find the mass of a football in grams?
Volume• The volume is the amount of space an
object takes up.• For liquids or oddly-shaped solids, we use a
graduated cylinder or beaker to find the volume in liters (or mL).
Volume• The surface of the liquid might look
slightly curved.• This curve is called the meniscus and we
read the amount of mL from the lowest point of the meniscus.
glug, glug, glug
Volume• For easy-to-measure solids (like a cereal
box), we use a rule to find the volume in cubic meters (m3).
• Volume (m3) = Length x Width x Height
boom,boom,boom
Moving the Decimal for Volume
Smaller Units, Larger Number
Larger Units, Smaller Number
Base Unit
kilo(kL)
Hecto(hL)
Deka(dkL)
LITER(L)
Deci(dL)
Centi(cL)
Milli(mL)
Use the meniscus (lowest point of the water’s surface) to find the volume of the water (there will be a decimal). The volume is about _______ mL.
Measuring Mass and Volume• Take out a new piece of paper and do the
following:
• Put your name and hour in the top right hand corner
• Write 1. Mass and then skip 5 lines
• Write 2. Volume of a liquid and then skip 5 lines
• Write 3. Volume of a solid and then skip 5 lines
Density• Density is the amount of matter
(mass) per given space (volume)
• Density = Mass (g) ÷ Volume (mL or cm3)
• For example, water’s density is 1 g/mL which means that there is 1 gram of matter in every mL of water.
Density
Think of it like a suitcase…the more clothes you try to fit in a suitcase, the more packed it gets.
More packed = More dense
Density
When you compare the density of two or more objects, the denser objects will sink below the less dense objects.
For example, if an object has a density of 2 g/mL … what will it do in water? What if an object has a density of 0.2 g/mL?
Density
• EXAMPLE OF SAME MASS (151 g):Spongebob Mac & Cheese
Easter jelly beans
• EXAMPLE OF SAME VOLUME (5,452 cm3):Red Swirly bowling ball Spider Web bowling ball
DensityREMEMBER: Denser objects sink below less dense objects!
• Number your paper 1 – 5
• Order the following objects from least dense (#1) to most dense (#5):
• Water (blue), Syrup, Oil, Rubbing Alcohol (green), Oil, and Dish Soap