The most significant rulers of my country

PORTUGAL

Marquês de Pombal

Marquês de Pombal

• Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo, first count of Oeiras, better known as Marquês de Pombal, was born in Lisbon on May 13th of 1699 and was a portuguese nobel diplomat and statesman.

Marquês de Pombal

• On November 1st of 1755, there was an earthquake in Lisbon and due to the tragedy and the chaos, Marquês de Pombal had to show his capacities of leadership and organisation by demanding the rebuilding of the capital.

ANTÓNIO DE OLIVEIRA SALAZAR

WHO WAS SALAZAR?• António de Oliveira Salazar was born on the 28th of April 1889 in Portugal.

• We will always remember him because he was the one who imposed a dictatorship.

• In 1928, Salazar stabilized the economic crisis that Portugal was in.

• In a few years he managed to get to Prime Minister and he kept the job until the day he died.

• During the 4 decades he governed, a new regime was born, the New State (Estado Novo). Its was very authoritarian and strict.

Humberto Delgado1906 - 1965

Humberto da Silva Delgado was a portuguese Air Force soldier born in Torres Novas on May 15th1906.

He was the protagonist in the biggest attempt to take down the dictatorship of Salazar, through elections.

However, he was defeated, through the dishonest elections who gave the victory to his “enemy”, Américo Tomás.

On February 13th, 1965, he was murdered by the PIDE (political police) in Villanueva del Fresno, in Spain.

Otelo Saraiva Carvalho

• Portuguese soldier and politician, Otelo Nuno Romão Saraiva de Carvalho was born in 1936, in Lourenço Marques (now Maputo), Mozambique.

• Member of the Movement of the Captains of April, he was considered a estrategist in the revolt onApril 25th of 1974, that ended the dictatorship.

• The revolt of April 25th happened to take down the dictatorship in Portugal, commanded by Marcelo Caetano. Otelo Saraiva Carvalho was one of the most important characters in the revolt, since he planed and protagonized the operations in it.

He was also a candidate to president in 1976 and 1980, but he never won the elections.

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