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The
National Plant Diagnostic Network
This slide show was adapted from a presentation by Dr. Kitty Cardwell, NPDN Project Manager for the Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service at USDA in Washington, D.C.
Why it’s needed
Where it is
What it does
How it works
Why is theWhy is the
NNational ational PPlant lant DDiagnosticiagnostic N Network etwork
needed?needed?
A national plant diagnostic network is necessary A national plant diagnostic network is necessary for several reasons:for several reasons:
• The disbursed and exposed nature of U.S. agriculture requires a distributed and shared network for detection, diagnosis and communications
• It is essential to ensure a rapid and effective response to suspected problems
• Provides for standardization of tests and reporting protocols
• Allows resources to flow directly and indirectly to all Land Grant Universities (LGU)
Source: James Schoelz
… enhanced security of the U.S. agricultural sector from
biosecurity threats.
This is accomplished through the protection of health and productivity of plants in agricultural and natural ecosystems.
The Overall Goal of NPDN is…
How is theHow is the
NNational ational PPlant lant DDiagnosticiagnostic NNetwork etwork
organized?organized?
The 5 Regional Areas of NPDN
Great PlainsRegion
WesternRegion
North CentralRegion
SouthernRegion
NortheastRegion
Utilize a cohesive, nationwide network
of public agricultural institutions to quickly detect high consequence pests and pathogens
that have been accidentally or deliberately introduced into agricultural and natural ecosystems;
identify them, and report them toappropriate responders & decision makers.
This was accomplished through the establishment of five Regional Diagnostic Centers.
Objective of the NPDN project:
Where are Where are NPDNNPDN’s ’s fivefive
Regional Diagnostic Centers?Regional Diagnostic Centers?
5 Regional Plant Diagnostic Centers
CornellUniversity
WesternRegion
Kansas State
UniversityGreat Plains
RegionNorth Central
Region
SouthernRegion
NortheastRegion
Michigan State
University
University of California Davis
University of
Florida
Provides leadership & coordination to state and university plant diagnostic labs
Serves as a diagnostic resource for the region
Creates an effective communication network between regional experts
Establishes reporting protocols with the national diagnostic network participants
Catalogs pest & disease occurrence to be included in national database at NAPIS
FAST FACTS about the
5 NPDN Regional Diagnostic Centers
aa NNational ational AAgricultural gricultural PPest est
IInformation nformation SSystem (NAPIS)ystem (NAPIS)
serves as a clearinghouse for USDA/APHIS serves as a clearinghouse for USDA/APHIS
and houses national data regarding and houses national data regarding
diagnostics and survey activities diagnostics and survey activities
across the U.S.across the U.S.
Beyond the 5 regional diagnostic centers:Beyond the 5 regional diagnostic centers:
NOTE: NAPIS serves NPDN, but is not officially a part of that network.
NAPIS: National Agricultural Pest Information System
NAPIS is located at Purdue University in Indiana
Provides nationwide plant pest survey data
References all data to state/county
Provides feed-back loop to APHIS and regional centers
Also works in conjunction with the Cooperative Agricultural Pest Survey (CAPS)
FAST FACTS about the
National Agricultural Pest Information System
Did You Know?
NPDN is also a segment of a larger
Animal & Plant Disease and Pest Surveillance & Detection Network
Animal & Plant Disease and Pest Surveillance & Detection Network
Washington State University
Animal-Satellite
Cornell University
Animal-Satellite & Regional Plant Diagnostic Ctr.
Rollins Laboratory,
North CarolinaAnimal-Satellite
UC DavisRegional Plant
Diagnostic Ctr. &Animal-Core
Texas A&M University
Animal-Core
Kansas State University
Regional Plant Diagnostic Ctr.
University of FloridaAnimal-Satellite & Regional Plant Diagnostic Ctr.
Michigan State UniversityRegional Plant Diagnostic Ctr.
Purdue University
NAPIS
Iowa State UniversityAnimal-Satellite
Colorado State University
Animal Core
University of Arizona
Animal-Satellite
Louisiana State
UniversityAnimal-Satellite
University of GeorgiaAnimal-Core
UniversityOf WisconsinAnimal-Core
Oklahoma State UniversityAnimal Diagnostic Support
Texas Tech University
Plant Diagnostic Support
FAST FACTS about the
Animal & Plant Disease and Pest Surveillance & Detection Network
• Enhances biosecurity for U.S. agricultural production systems
• Provides rapid detection of diseases and pests
• Forms a strong network to monitor outbreaks
• USDA intra-agency partnership (CSREES, APHIS & ARS)
• Collaborates with • National Agricultural Pest Information System• State Departments of Agriculture • Regional Pest Management Centers (includes IPM program)• Land Grant Universities • Private Labs
In the event a producer suspects In the event a producer suspects
a plant problem, how does the a plant problem, how does the
NNational ational PPlant lant DDiagnostic iagnostic NNetwork etwork
operate?operate?
FAST FACTS about
How NPDN Operates:
Step 1: Producer suspects a problem in a field or
orchard and contacts local or regional Extension
professional.
The appropriate point of contact
is determined by each
state’s Extension system.
Step 2: If Extension professional concurs with producer, together they document the field history and scope of the suspected problem and collect a viable sample.
Methods for collecting viable samples and required documentation are described by APHIS and NPDN.
Step 3: Extension professional submits viable sample and appropriate documentation to land grant plant diagnostic laboratory for testing and first diagnosis. Long distance digital diagnosis is also possible.
Each state has a plant diagnostic laboratory located at the land grant institution.
Step 4: If a new outbreak is detected, the sample and documentation are forwarded to a Regional Diagnostic Center and/or to APHIS for diagnosis confirmation.
CornellUniversity
WesternRegion
Kansas State
UniversityGreat Plains
RegionNorth Central
Region
SouthernRegion
NortheastRegion
Michigan State
University
University of California Davis
University of Florida
Step 5: If diagnosis is confirmed, the Regional Diagnostic Center sends recorded data to NAPIS.
WesternRegion
NortheastRegion
Great PlainsRegion North Central
Region
SouthernRegion
NAPIS
Step 6: If diagnosis is confirmed, the Regional Diagnostic Center director communicates with all other regional centers about the outbreak.
WesternRegion
NortheastRegion
Great PlainsRegion
North CentralRegion
SouthernRegion
Step 7: If a new outbreak is deemed critical, sample and documentation goes to APHIS for action.
SouthernRegion
WesternRegion
NortheastRegion
Great PlainsRegion
North CentralRegion
APHIS
Step 8: Concurrently, the Regional Diagnostic Centers also inform the Regional Pest Management Centers, Extension professionals, and as appropriate, Master Gardeners; recovery and mitigation strategies are initiated by APHIS and State Departments of Agriculture with producers.
Possible activities include but are not limited to quarantine, monitoring, data collection, APHIS regulations, law enforcement, and Integrated Pest Management (IPM) practices.
Coordination & governance mechanisms for regional & national networks
Cadre of highly trained first detectors
State-of-the art diagnostic processes
Data analysis processes for event detection
Current data systems and network integration
Provide decision support mechanisms.
Diagnostic surge capacity – trained diagnosticians available in the event of an outbreak
In conclusion, NPDN Outputs include:
Presentation References
National Plant Disease and Pest Diagnostics
Network (NP2D2N) (2003) Dr. Kitty Cardwell,
CSREES, USDA, Washington, D.C.
What we can learn from past and current
epidemics in plants (2003) Dr. James Schoelz,
University of Missouri-Columbia
Special thanks to Dr. Jim Stack, Kansas State University, and Dr. Gail Wisler, University of Florida,
for their editorial help with this NPDN presentation.
