The Nature of Software

Development

Based on the book byRon Jeffries

Software Engineering: Traditional View

● Focus on “Engineering Discipline” as in building construction.

● Phases:– Analysis, Design, Code, Test

● Rigorous documents between phases● Focus on:

– Processes / Control / Contracts

Value● What is value?

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Value● Value is “what we want”.

How to produce “value”● Guiding● Organizing● Planning● Building● Slicing● Quality

From Ron Jeffries, The Nature of Software Development.

How value is delivered● Choices:

– In big chunk, or in small chunk– Now, or later

● Delivered as:– Features

Value / efforts

Value

Effort

How to prioritize

Valuedelivered

Time

Guiding● Traditional

– Try to get “everything”– Do entire work in

phases:● Analysis (1 month)● Design (1 month)● Code (2 month)● Test (1 month)

● Feature by feature– Work by features– For each “small

feature”, work in any way you like to get a feature done. (In short amount of time)

In picture (ideally)

A D C T

In picture (reality)

A D C T

Comparison

A D C T

Feature by feature

How to organize teams● Traditional

– Specialized team– Organized by

functions

● Feature-based– Cross functional team– Organized by features

Planning● Planning is important.● But the plan is not as important as the act of

planning.– The plan can be discarded.

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Architectures

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ArchitecturesFrom: https://pixabay.com/photos/building-construction-site-cranes-768815/

From: https://pixabay.com/photos/building-disrepair-decayed-690177/

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Building● Balance between:

– features / architecture

● Choices:– Focus entirely on features– Focus on complete architecture design from the beginning– Build them at the same time

● Spend time refining the architecture

Agile Software DevelopmentWe are uncovering better ways of developing software by doing it and helping others do it. Through this work we have come to value:

● Individuals and interactions over processes and tools● Working software over comprehensive documentation● Customer collaboration over contract negotiation● Responding to change over following a plan

That is, while there is value in the items on the right, we value the items on the left more.

Agile frameworks: quick introduction● Example:

– Scrum– eXtreme programming

From: https://www.scrum.org/resources/scrum-framework-poster

eXtreme programming practices● Fine scale

– Pair programming– Planning game– TDD (common today)– Whole team

● Processes– Continuous

integration (common today)

– Refactoring– Small releases

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