The new Italian cataloguing code Regole italiane di catalogazione, REICAT:

application and provisions in the shared catalog SBN (Servizio Bibliotecario

Nazionale)Cristina Magliano

Central Institute for the Union Catalogue of the Italian libraries (ICCU)

The Central Institute for the Union Catalogue of Italian

Libraries (ICCU)

• is the national center which promotes and coordinates cataloguing and digitisation activities of the Italian libraries

• is a body of the Italian Ministry for cultural heritage and activities

• is responsible for guiding, producing, adapting and disseminating the standard rules for cataloguing and digitisation of the library heritage.

ICCU Departments and Activities

1. Administrative Service

2. Service for the cultural promotion

ICCU is structured in2 services and 6 departments

Projects:

• Internet Culturale • CulturaItalia • Europeana (Italian partic.) • World Digital Library (Italian partic.) • European projects•Google Books (Italian partic.)

1. Standards rules for cataloguing and digitisation

2. National Library Service (SBN)

3. Bibliographic information and activities, Registry of the Italian libraries

4. Digitisation and access to documents

5. Activities concerning bibliography, cataloguing and census of the ancient book

6. Census and management of the Italian bibliography of manuscripts

National projects

National Library Service – SBN http://www.sbn.it/

Internet Culturale http://www.internetculturale.it/

CulturaItalia http://www.culturaitalia.it/

SBN: the National Library ServiceThe National Library Service (SBN) is the

network of the Italian libraries providing services to libraries and to end-users.

SBN:• is a network promoted by the Italian Ministry for Cultural

Heritage and coordinated by ICCU• acts in cooperation with Regions and Universities• is based on the cooperation among libraries• provides services to libraries and end-users • gets over the fragmentation of the Italian Libraries

structure • OPAC SBN online since 1997

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SBN governance (1)

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SBN steering committee: partner representatives (chaired by the Culture Minister)

responsible for the SBN policy and strategy

SBN partners • Ministry for cultural heritage and activities (MiBAC)• Ministry of education, university and research (MIUR)• Ministry for public administration and innovation• Conference of the Italian Regions • Union of the Italian Provinces (UPI)• National Association of the Italian municipalities (ANCI)

SBN governance (2)

Responsible for:• guidelines and standards• evolution of the network• service development

SBN technical committee:• ICCU director• 1 representative of MiBAC-DG for libraries• 13 representatives appointed by the steering committee (policy makers, technicians, specialists)

SBN today

71 nodes4,500 libraries all over the countrynational, university, local and specialist

Over 11 M bibliographic descriptionsauthors: over 3 Mholding locations: 55 M

OPAC – over 30 M searches / 2010

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71 Nodes4470 Libraries

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INDEX IN ROME (ICCU)

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SBN nodes distribution and

architecture

SBN Evolution:Functional Objectives

• Integration of existing national databases:– Modern books and serials;– Antique publications; – Music (printed and manuscript);– Authority Files

SBN Evolution:Functional Objectives

Extension to new types of material:• On line cataloguing will be extended

to music, prints, photographs, cartographic material, etc.

• centered on a common standard cataloguing process, accepting as well specific data for each material

SBN evolution: Functional objectives

Web interface for central cataloguing functions:

• Authority files management;• Quality control and revision (Corrections,

elimination of duplicates)

and data exchange• Import/Export of bibliographic records

The SBN MARC protocol

The solution for the interoperability between the Union Catalogue (Index) and the LMSs is guaranteed by the SBN MARC protocol, based on 'request' (libraries => Index) and 'response' (Index =>libraries)

• The xsd schema is freely available (http://www.iccu.sbn.it/genera.jsp?id=147&l=it)

• It is based on international standards (UNICODE UTF-8, ISBD, etc.) and uses MARC semantic elements and an xml syntax

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SBN: technical features

• Open architecture based on common internet protocols:– TCP/IP, HTTP, XML/XSL, SOAP, JMS etc…

• Easy integration with other systems:– based on Java Platform 2 Enterprise Edition

• High performance and reliability– Unix platforms and Java multi-threaded

services– High performance relational DBMS (Oracle

RDBMS)

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SBN: functionalities

Web interface for central cataloguing functions:– authority files management;– quality control and revision (corrections,

elimination of duplicates)

and data exchange– import/export of bibliographic records

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SBN: shared cataloguing

SBN libraries work independently and integrate their work into a cooperative system based on a national network.

• SBN is an architecture for a cooperative library services network:– Central Union Catalogue (Index) at national level– Union Catalogues (Nodes) at regional and local levels

• The Union Catalogue uses structured data, not flat records (i.e. MARC format)

– records are registered only once and reused afterwards (captured)

– records can be improved through different levels of correction (levels of authority)

– modifications and updating are sent to all participating libraries

SBN: the cooperative catalogues

• The Index databaseSBN use structured data not flat records (i.e. MARC format)– Record are registered only once and reuse

afterwards– Records can be improved through different levels of

correction (levels of authority)– Modifications are propagated to all libraries who

participate

INDEX

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SBN - Architecture

SBN databases

• Three main databases

Titles Subject

lillinliklililielidinlinke

Author Title Subject

linked linkedAuthor

Title database

• Title of manifestation• Parallel title • Variant title• Title of collection• Uniform title• Etc.

Titles

Author database

See references: variant form of personal name and corporate body (forms in different languages, forms in different scripts. , variations in fullness, grammatical variations, graphic variations and errors

See also references: personal name component of group, historical form for corporate body

Authors

Bibliographic records

Monograph

Author

Original titleSeries

Sub-series

Previousedition

The Cooperative Catalogue – How it Works

SBN has always used structured data (SQL) NOT flat records (UNIMARC) this anticipates FRBR

Structured data allows for navigation between descriptive records using concepts such as “parallel titles”, “other titles”, “other editions”

Records are registered only once and reused afterwards.

Records can be improved through different levels of correction (levels of authority).

Modifications are propagated to all libraries who participate.

Table of contents0. IntroductionPART I BIBLIOGRAPHIC DESCRIPTION AND COPY-SPECIFIC INFORMATION1. Objects and modes of bibliographic description2. General guidelines for bibliographic description3. Sources of information4. Areas and elements ot the description [omitted]5. Description of multipart publications and analytic description [omitted]6. Description of unpublished documents [omitted]7. Information related to specific copies [omitted]PART II WORKS AND EXPRESSIONS8. Work and expression9. Uniform titles10. Expressions of the same work11. New works related to pre-existing works12. Works contained in a publication and assignment of uniform titles13. Access from other titles

Table of contents2

PART III RESPONSIBILITIES14. Responsibility relationships15. Uniform headings for persons [omitted]16. Uniform headings for corporate bodies [omitted]17. Responsibility for the work [omitted]18. Responsibility for the expression [omitted]19. Responsibility for publishing and manufacturing [omitted]20. Responsibility related to specific copies [omitted]APPENDICES [omitted]Appendix A. Abbreviations and symbolsAppendix B. Capitalization and numeralsAppendix C. General material designation

Table of contents3

Appendix D. Specific material designationAppendix E. Music formatsAppendix F. Transliteration or transcription

of non-Latin scriptsAppendix G. Uniform titles for editions of the

BibleAppendix H. Genre terms for collective

uniform titlesIndex

0: Introduction

preliminary chapter introduces the definitions of catalogue functions

primary concepts main contents of the rules

Part I, Bibliographic description and copy-specific information

guidelines for basic decisions about what to describe, and how

distinction between serials, monographic series and multi-part publications

the treatment of multiple manifestations (reprints, variant issues, different formats, etc.)

choice of the main source of information to be used in description

Detailed rules concern the transcription of data

Unpublisheddocuments (Chap.6)

originals, manuscripts, unpublished reproductions, etc.), that most librariesdecide to include in the general catalogue

Copy-specific informationChap. 7

informations relating the copy separated from bibliographic description of publication/manifestation

Include informations about ownership, provenance, etc.

availability information and housekeeping data

Innovations

The most innovative part is Part II, Works and expressions. For the first time, this part includesdetailed rules for the identification (by assignment of uniform titles and, if needed, of qualifiers, (Ch. 9) of all works represented in catalogued publications: with or without authors, textual or nontextual, classical or contemporary, represented by only one or many expressions and/or manifestations

Critic points

The Bibliographic description keep a central point in the new code (traditional vision of the cataloguing practices) even if the code includes detailed rules about modifications of the same work in different expressions

The text does not follow the FRBR definitions and terminology closely

Work

An intellectual or artistic creation represented by a text, a piece of music or any other form of expression (a motion picture, a ballet, etc.) or by a material object or artefact (a drawing, a sculpture, etc.)

Expression

Means the specific intellectual or artistic form that a work has taken on in a specific realization

EXPRESSION (Chap. 8.2)

8.2.1. Definition

Expression means the specific intellectual or artistic form that a workhas taken on in a specific realization. In the strict sense, allrealizations of a work involving any difference in the textual (musical,visual etc.) content may be considered to be distinct expressions.

However, since even minute differences are almost always found indifferent publications, and often even in groups of items belonging tothe same edition (e.g. reprints) or in individual copies, especially inhand-printed books, only the realizations or sets of similar (albeit notidentical) realizations should be considered to be distinct expressions,which may be practically and usefully identified in a catalogue.

Expressions of the same work (Chp.10)

They include:

Variant editions and alternative versions

Modernized or simplified versions Alternative editions or versions Abridged or condensed, expurgated or censored versions or editions Enlarged, revised or updated versions or editionsTranslationsVersions that use a different representation medium Performances of musical or dramatic works, or of other works intended for performance

WorkFunction of uniform title

a) identifying a work, distinguishing it from other works, if any, bearing the same title;

b) grouping together the editions of a work published using different titles or variations of the title, in the same language or in other languages, or on different media and forms of realization;

c) allowing an orderly and structured display of the works of an author and of the editions of each work;

d) allowing the opportunity to highlight the relationships between distinct but related works.

To identifie a work,and distinguendola da eventuali altre opere con lo stesso titolo

Storia di Roma

La storia di Roma

Storia di Roma

/ Montanelli, Indro

/ D’Angelo, Maria

/ Bonghi, Ruggiero

Grouping together the editions of a work published using different titles in the same language or in

other languages

Il coraggio di sfidare la mafia … / Gigi Moncalvo … 1986(title in the subsequent editions)

Faccia a faccia con la mafia … / Gigi Moncalvo … 1986(title of the first edition)

Il coraggio di sfidare la mafia / Moncalvo, Gigi<Faccia a faccia con la mafia / Moncalvo, Gigi

Grouping together the editions of a work published on different media and forms of realization

Aida / Verdi …1974. – 3 dischi sonori …

Aida : opera in quattro atti / Giuseppe Verdi … 1980. – 1 partitura …

Aida : melodramma in quattro atti … / Giuseppe Verdi … 1977. – 3 dischi sonori …

Aida / Verdi, Giuseppet.u. with additions Aida / Verdi, Giuseppe (audioregistrazioni)

Actually In future

Uniform title author

Bibliographic description

CHOICE OF A UNIFORM TITLE (Chap. 9.1)

The uniform title for a work is based on the title by which the work is generally identified.

It may be:• the original title, chosen by the author or

assigned upon the first publication of the work

• a variant of this title or a title adopted in later editions

• the initial words of the text (incipit)• a traditional or conventional title or any other

commonly used designation.

Expressionof the same work

Uniform title +additions (optional)

Uniform title of the work with conventional additions may be used identifying different expressions of the same work

Le avventure di Pinocchio / Collodi, Carlo (in inglese)

Title of work Title of expressions

t.u.o. À la recherche du temps perdu / Proust, Marcel

t.u.e. À la recherche du temps perdu / Proust, Marcel (in italiano)

t.u.o. Le confessioni d’un italiano / Nievo, Ippolito

t.u.e. Le confessioni d’un italiano / Nievo, Ippolito (braille)

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Conventional additions for the manifestation containing the work in different language from

original

L’italia oggi / Bolton King e Thomas Okey … 1904 …(manifestation containing italian translation)

Italy today / by Bolton King and Thomas Okey … 1901 …(manifestation containing original work)

t.u. with additions Italy today / King, Bolton (in italiano)

Italy today / King, Bolton

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Conventional additions for different form of realizations

DIB : dizionario di base della lingua italiana / T. De Mauro, G. G. Moroni …, 1998 …(CD-ROM manifestation publishing in 1998)

DIB : dizionario di base della lingua italiana / T. De Mauro, G. G. Moroni …, © 1996 …(manifestation containing the first printing edition)

t.u. with additions DIB : Dizionario di base della lingua italiana / De Mauro, Tullio (risorse elettroniche)

DIB : Dizionario di base della lingua italiana / De Mauro, Tullio

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Conventional additions for parts of work

Le Confessioni … : le più belle pagine di un capolavoro immortale … ©1996 .. (manifestation containing Italian translation of selected parts from Confessioni)

Confessiones …curante prof. Felice Ramorino … 1909 …(manifestation containing work in the original language)

t.u. with additions Confessiones / Augustinus, Aurelius <santo> (in italiano ; antologie)

Confessiones / Augustinus, Aurelius <santo>

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New works related to pre-existing works (Chap. 11)

The following are considered to be new works, distinct from pre-existing worksremakes or re-elaborations (paraphrases, compendia, etc.) autonomous elaborations of narrative themes or other genres official texts connected to or deriving from other texts concordances, indexes, summaries and other practical or didactic elaborations continuations, appendices and supplements

Related works are linked through see also references

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Re-elaboration of a work

Orlando innamorato di M.

Maria Boiardo / rifatto da

Francesco Berni … 1971

Orlando innamorato / Berni, Francesco

Orlando innamorato / Matteo

Maria Boiardo … 1926 …

Orlando innamorato / Boiardo, Matteo Maria

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Autonomous elaborations of narrative themes or other genres

Tristano / Gottfried von

Strassburg ; a cura di

Laura Mancinelli … 1994 …

Tristano e Isotta /

Thomas ; traduzione di

Fabio Troncarelli … 1979

…

Tristan / Gottfried von Strasbourg t.u. with additions Tristan / Gottfried von Strasbourg (in italiano)

Le roman de Tristan / Thomast.u. with additions Le roman de Tristan / Thomas (in italiano)

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Translations or paraphases

Parafrasi della Repubblica / Averroè ; nella traduzione latina di Elia Del Medigo … 1992 …

La Repubblica / Platone ;

traduzione di Franco Sartori

… 1997 …

Taljis kitab al-Siya Afla tun / Averroes< Parafrasi della Repubblica / Averroest.u. with additions Taljis kitab al-Siya Afla tun / Averroes (in latino)

Respublica / Plato< La Repubblica / Plato

t.u. with additions Respublica / Plato(in italiano)

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Compendia

Il Capitale di Karl Marx / compendio di Carlo Cafiero … 1996 …

Das Kapital … / Karl Marx

…1987 …

Compendio del Capitale / Cafiero, Carlo

Das Kapital / Marx, Karl< Il Capitale / Marx, Karl

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Concordances, indices

Rimario della Commedia di Dante Alighieri / Arianna Punzi … 2001 …

La Divina Commedia /

Dante Alighieri … 2000

…

Divina Commedia / Alighieri, Dante

Rimario della Commedia di Dante Alighieri / Punzi, Arianna

Collective uniform titleFormulated by the cataloguer

For publications that include:• the complete works of an author, or a selection of more than three of his works [Opere]

•More than three parts of different works of the same author (with conventional additions)

[Opere] (selections)

•Works of the same genre of one author (with genre additions)

[Opere. Narrativa]

Visualization of works of prolific author

[Opere] / Pirandello, Luigi[Opere. Lettere e carteggi] / Pirandello, Luigi[Opere. Racconti e novelle] / Pirandello, Luigi[Opere. Romanzi] / Pirandello, Luigi[Opere. Saggi] / Pirandello, Luigi[Opere. Teatro] / Pirandello, LuigiL’esclusa / Pirandello, LuigiIl fu Mattia Pascal / Pirandello, LuigiNovelle per un anno / Pirandello, LuigiPensaci, Giacomino / Pirandello, LuigiSei personaggi in cerca d’autore / Pirandello, LuigiIl turno / Pirandello, LuigiUno, nessuno e centomila / Pirandello, Luigi…

Responsibilities

Include: main concepts and definitions (e.g.,corporate

bodies as authors, distinction between author and editor or director, etc.)

the choice of uniform headings for persons (Ch. 15) and bodies (Ch. 16)

• and four chapters dealing with responsibilities for the work (Ch. 17), for particular expressions or additional contents of a publication (Ch. 18)

• for publishing and manufacturing (Ch. 19) • and for responsability related to a specific copy, e.g.

decoration, binding or provenance (Ch. 20).

14.2.1. Responsibility for the work and responsibility for its

expressionsThe rules distinguish responsibilities at the level of

the work from responsibilities relative to specific expressions of the work

Responsibilities at the level of the work include: the conception, composition or realization of the work in

its original form

Responsibility at the level of the expression concerns: the expressions deriving from the original work

(revised or updated editions, translations, performances, etc.).

The first publication of the work, as a rule, is considered the original

Chap. 14.2.2. Authorship and other kinds of responsibility

Persons and corporate bodies who have conceived and composed or realized the work in its original form, or have taken on these functions, are considered to be authors

Other kind of are the responsibility for editing or directing (planning, coordinating, etc.) the realization of a work by more than one author or collaborator, including the editor himself

14.2.3. Principal, coordinate and secondary responsibility

a) principal (or primary) responsibility, for the person or body which is the sole or principal author of the work, or the first among no more than three co-authors;

b) coordinate responsibility, for persons or bodies having equal responsibility for the work with respect to the person or body to whom principal responsibility is assigned;

c) secondary (or subordinate) responsibility, for persons or corporate bodies whose responsibility for the work is of a lesser degree than the previous case (editors, directors, etc.), or is shared among more than three co-authors, or is uncertain or erroneously attributed.

Responsibility for specific expressions are considered always to be secondary

Memoranda and Guidelines for application of REICAT in SBN

SBNReferring to the text of REICAT memoranda include:• Parts that need explanations and updates respect

the previous rules• Parts for which are necessary what option apply• solutions that need a transition phase because are

necessary to change the s/w• corrections of just catalogued (mandatory and

optional), to mantain for the users legibility and concistency of the catalogue

Uniform Title9.0.3 The use of uniform titles is mandatory for all works, with or

without an author’s name as main headingApplication of this rule has been limited in the SBN union catalog to

the following cases: 1) Translations or versions in different languages2) For the parts of a work published separately the uniform title is

made up of the title of the work followed by the title of the part (or by its designation or numbering)

3) For original edition is not mandatory. It is recommended only for the publications in the same language but with different titles

4) 12.4.1. Collections of works by different authors (or of anonymous works)

14.2.5. Alternative treatments Chap. 14.2.5

In catalogues in which it is not possible to link each responsibility to the entity to which it refers (e.g. in the case of a publication containing more than one work) and at the appropriate level (for the work, for a specific expression, for a given publication or for a single copy), all responsibilities may be treated at the level of the bibliographic record

15.4.2 See also references

I The name of a person and the name of corporate body (group, studio, etc.) to which the person belonging or a collective pseudonimus onimo collettivoApplication in SBN

At the moment is not possible withouth a change of s/w. Is forseen an evolution of s/w

16.1.5.3. Ecclesiastical districts and religious bodies having territorial jurisdiction

Application in SBN Changes of name has been forseen. The name is in

direct form . responsabilità per l’opera, l’espressione e la

Ex. *Ravenna-*Cervia <Arcidiocesi>

(the previous form) has been modified in:

*Arcidiocesi di *Ravenna-*Cervia < *Ravenna-*Cervia <Arcidiocesi responsabilità

per l’opera andranno collegate vari

16.1.5.1 A Religious bodies

For religious body the uniform heading is, according to the general rules, the name under which are identified in their publication , in italian form is this form is used by the corporate body.

The two form Santa Sede e Chiesa cattolica have been unified in a unique form: Chiesa cattolica.

Application in SBN:The heading has been modified and has been created a see

reference for the previous form adopted. *Santa *sede : *Congregazione per il *culto *divino

Has been corrected in : *Chiesa *cattolica : *Congregazione per il *culto

*divino< *Congregazione per il *culto *divino < *Congregatio pro *cultu *divino < *Santa *sede : *Congregazione per il *culto

*divino

16.2.5. Statement of place or territorial district

Se The name of a corporate body includes the statement of the place where is situated is recorded as it appears.

If the statement of the place is not integral part is omitted. It is included only if necessary to distinguish omonimous corporate body as qualification.Application in SBN:

The heading has been modified and has been created a see reference for the previous form adopted.

*Archivio di *Stato <Firenze> has been modified in :

*Archivio di *Stato di *Firenze < *Archivio di *Stato <Firenze> *Biblioteca *comunale <Milano>

has been modified in: *Biblioteca *comunale di *Milano < *Biblioteca *civica di *Milano < *Biblioteca *comunale *Palazzo *Sormani < *Biblioteca *comunale <Milano

Thank you!

Cristina Magliano

c.magliano@iccu.sbn.it