The new law of care services

Long term care and labor market prospects

The new law of care services

A paradigm change in the Spanish welfare regime?Familiarisation vs. Professionalisation

Karsten KrügerICPP - Innovación y Consultoria en Políticas Públicas

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The Spanish welfare regime

Objectives of the study

analysis of pathways of evolution of the Spanish welfare regime

evaluation of the LAPAD based on selected external indicators

factors of decisions

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Characteristics of the old regime

family solidarity based on the traditional role of the house-wife & mother

Changes in the traditional regime:

Phase 1: Substitution of the house wife and mother by other female familiars

Phase 2: Increasing contraction of informal female workers (immigrants)

Causes changes in the family structure

Increasing female Labour market participation rate [see Moreno CSIC]

The Spanish welfare regimeChanges

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Types of familiarisation

Familiarism by defect

Supported familiarism (Economisation)

Optional Familiarism

De-familiarización (Professionalisation)

(see European project: multilink)

The Spanish welfare regimeFuture Pathways of Change

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Towards a new Welfare regime in Spain?

• The new law advocates for the professionalisation of care services (and social services)

Previewed Effect on the Care service sector

• Growth of the care service sector • Increasing formal care labour market• Higher care service quality through professionalisation

Social Effect• more quality of family care • more opportunities for women in the labour market

The Spanish welfare regimeFuture Pathways of Change

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The New Law of Care servicesImplementation

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Care service needs:Previous studiesRecognized 2010

High level of dependency 223.457 468.764Medium level of dependency 420.336 328.222Low level of dependency 602.636 227.172

Labour MarketPrevious studiesNew Work Places

New work places previewed 262.735Residences 58.591Social services without residence 48.995TOTAL 107.586

Economic SupportRecognized Family Care 312.624Formal Familiar Care workers 119.524Informal Familiar Care workers 193.100

The New Law of Care servicesImplementation

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Impact on the Welfare RegimeLM Segments – Driving Forces

Care Services

Dimensión

Family Informal Formal

Quality

Costs

Benefits

Complementarity

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Decision FactorsPoint of departure:The decision is made by the families based on cost-benefit estimations (see Bourdieus Capital theory: Economic, Cultural, Social Capital)

Decision Factors- Family income- opportunity costs for a family care worker (lost of income, lost of life quality, transport costs etc.)- costs for informal care worker- costs for professional care services- Economic support for family care services- Costs for the professional care services covered by public funding- Considerations of quality standards- etc.

Hypothesis: These factors can be also applied at the system level to take decision in favour of economic support or the development of service infrastructure.

Impact on the Welfare RegimeOptional Familiarisation

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Internal Evaluation

The data of the SAAD indicates a trend towards a asynchronisation of the Spanish welfare system.

The Autonomous Regions which shows in April 2010 in general a better performance then the others tends to have also higher growth rates in the majority of the indicators (Andalucia, Cantabria, Castilla La Mancha, Cataluña, Murcia, La Rioja)

The Autonomous Regions which shows in April 2010 in general a worthier performance then the others tends to have also lower growth rates in the majority of the indicators (Asturias, Canarias, Castilla-Leon, Valencia, Galicia, Madrid and Navarra).

Impact on the Welfare RegimeAsynchronisation of the Regime

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Looking for explanations

External indicators: ageing rate urbanisation rate degree of women between 45 and 65socio-sanitarian employment raterate of socio-sanitarian enterprisesincome of population ≥ 65

Calculated in relation to the population ≥ 65


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The available statistical data doesn’t show correlations to the configuration of the new care service system in the different autonomous regions. It seems more a political issue. Canarias, Madrid and Valencia, three of the regions with a less implemented system of care services, are governed by the Popular Party. However there are also socialist governed regions with a less developed system as Asturias.


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The Autonomous Regions, in which the population ≥ 65 has a higher income, tends to have:

- a higher service rate within the public system

- a higher coverage rate of socio-sanitarian employment

- a higher coverage rate of enterprises acting in care services

These Autonomous Regions, which dispose of a service infrastructures, has more facilities to development the public system of care services previewed in the new law.



towards an asynchronised Spanish welfare regime[Familiarism by defect, supported familiarism and opcional familiarsm]

two general options of change supported vs. optional familiarisation

Optional Familiarisation only seems to be a real option in the regions, which still dispose of a private-public service infrastructure

formally a good law to promote the professionalisation but too far away from socio-economic reality

Conclusions:Welfare Regime

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ConclusionsTwo Pathways

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Thank you for your attention

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Effects of policies towards optional familiarization

In time of crisis

Low growth of Growth of family care formal LM and informal LM

In time of economic welfare

Growth of Reorientation of family careformal LM low growth of informal LM

Conclusions:Welfare Regime

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Rate of benefits (nº of benefits in % of population > 65)

June 08 April 10 growthMadrid 0,0127 0,0567 0,0440Canarias 0,0145 0,0627 0,0482Asturias 0,0204 0,0669 0,0465Com. Valenciana 0,0086 0,0710 0,0624Galicia 0,0253 0,0790 0,0537Castilla y León 0,0226 0,0810 0,0585Balears 0,0087 0,0859 0,0772Extremadura 0,0255 0,0937 0,0682Navarra 0,0506 0,0937 0,0431TOTAL 0,0308 0,1024 0,0716País Vasco 0,0316 0,1026 0,0710Ceuta y Melilla 0,0525 0,1034 0,0509Aragón 0,0466 0,1052 0,0586Cataluña 0,0294 0,1152 0,0858Castilla La Mancha 0,0368 0,1164 0,0796Cantabria 0,0390 0,1287 0,0896Murcia 0,0308 0,1322 0,1014Rioja 0,0542 0,1390 0,0848Andalucía 0,0670 0,1734 0,1064


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Documents

The new law of care services