The North Central Vietnam (Outline Print)

8/2/2019 The North Central Vietnam (Outline Print)

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THE NORTH CENTRAL VIETNAM

Class: Tutorial 1Tutor: Nguyen Duc Hoa Cuong


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GENERALINFORMATION

Total area: 12811.9 km2

Population: 1,452,903

Geography: mostly mountain andsandy area

Climate: complicated and affected byLaos wind, geography

Ethnicities: Kinh, Bru or Van Kieu, TaOi and etc


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QUANG BINH OVERVIEW

Capital city: Dong Hoi

Area: 8051.8 km2

Population: 854,918 (2007)

Ethnicities: Kinh, Bru or Van Kieu, Chut


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QUANG BINH OVERVIEW

Towns and districts:

- Tuyen Hoa

- Minh Hoa

- Quang Trach

- Bo Trach


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QUANG BINH OVERVIEW

Location- North central Viet Nam

- Surrounded by:

On the East: East Sea

On the West: Laos

On the South: Quang Tri


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QUANG BINH OVERVIEW

Geography

- Topography: narrow and sloping from West

to East- Divided into specific geographical zone:

mountain

hilly and midland lowland

coastal and sandy area


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QUANG BINH OVERVIEW

Climate

- Belongs to the monsoon-tropical zone

- Divided into 2 seasons:

Rainy season: from September to March

Dry season: from April to August


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QUANG BINH OVERVIEW

Tourism

Many charming landscapes of mountain &

sea: Phong Nha, Tien Son caves, Nhat Le,Cua Tung beach, etc

Preserved objects from Bau Tro remains,

Dong Son culture Historical relics: Quang Binh gate, Luy

Thay, etc


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QUANG BINH OVERVIEW

Attractions:

Natural attraction: Phong Nha Ke BangNational Park

Cultural attraction: Chalo Cong Troi


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Phong Nha Ke Bang National Park

I. History of establishment

II. General information

III. Cave and grotto system

IV. Biodiversity

V. Importance

VI. Tourist activities


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History of Establishment

1920s: The area has long been seen as and exploited for

tourism as one of the great landscapes of Vietnam

1986: Phong Nha Cultural and Historical Site was

declared (5,000 ha) 1993: Phong Nha declared a Nature Reserve and

extended to 41,132 ha

2000: The Phong Nha Ke Bang National Park was

established, incorporating part of the limestone plateau of

the Ke Bang Conservation Area


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General Information

1. Location: Bo Trach and Minh Hoa districts of central Quang Binh

province, in north central Vietnam 40 km north-west of the provincial capital city of Dong Hoi 500 km south of Hanoi

42 km east of South China Sea West: the Hin Namno Nature Reserv in the province of

Khammouan, Laos

2. Area:- The core zone: 857.54 km2

The "strictly protected zone" (648.94 km2) The "ecological recovery zone" (174.49 km2) The "administrative service zone" (34.11 km2)

- The buffer zone: 1,954 km2


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General Information

3. Geology:

The plateau is probably one of the finest and most distinctive

examples of a complex karst landform in Southeast Asia

If combined with the Hin Namno, the combined reserve would be the

largest surviving karst forest in South-east Asia (317,754 ha)

It is one of the world's two largest limestone regions.

The karst formation is the oldest major karst area in Asia (evolved

since the Palaeozoic - some 400 million years ago)

The surface karst: cone and tower karst, karrens, valleys and

dolines, border polje, etc. The underground karst: caves


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General Information

4. Other geographic features:

Mountains: containing two dozens of mountain

peaks with over 1,000 metres in height.

The Peak Co Rilata: 1,128 m

The Peak Co Preu: 1,213 m

Rivers: having the longest underground river

(Son, Chay) as well as spectacular streams,

springs and waterfalls (Gio, Ba Loan, Mooc, etc.)


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General Information

5. Climate: Tropical, hot, and humid.

Temperature:

Annual mean: 23 - 25C (Max = 41

C in summer. Min =

6C in winter)

The hottest months: June Aug (average of 28C)

The coldest months: Dec - Feb (average of 18C)

Annual rainfall: 2,000 - 2,500 mm (88% from Jul to

Dec)

> 160 rainy days/year no month is without rain.

Mean annual relative humidity: 84%


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Cave and grotto system

Phong Nha Ke Bang is composed of 300 caves

and grottos with a total length of about 70 km,

of which only 20 have been surveyed by

Vietnamese and British scientists:

17 in the Phong Nha area

3 in the Ke Bang area


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1. Phong Nha cave7729 m long, contains 14 grottos, with a 13,969 m-longunderground river

Dark Grotto (Hang Ti): 5,258 m long, 83 m high

E Grotto (Hang E): a 736 m-long grotto Cha An Grotto (Hang Ch An): 667 m long, 15 m wide. Thung Grotto (Hang Thung): having an underground river

of 3351 m En Grotto (Hang n): 1645 m long, 78.6 m high, the

habitat of thousands of sparrows, having fine sand fieldinside

Khe Tien Grotto (Hang Khe Tin): 520 m long. Khe Ry Grotto (Hang Khe Ry): where the stream Khe Ry

runs out. Khe Thi Grotto (Hang Khe Thi): The Khe Thi stream runs

underground


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2. Thien uong cave

Discovered in 2005 by scientists from the British

Cave Research Association

Opened to public in Sep 2010

The largest and longest cave in Phong Nha-Ke Bang

with the most beautiful and spectacular stalactites

and stalagmites in the park


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Biodiversity

1. Florae

o 96.2% - evergreen tropical wet forest

o 1.5% - rattan and bamboo forest

o 0.3% - agricultural plants


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Biodiversity

o Common tree species: Burretiodendron

hsienmu, Annamocarya spp., Plantanus

kerii, Hopea spp.

o 3 rare orchid species:

Paphiopedilum malipoense, Paphiopedilumdianthum, Paphiopedilum concolor


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Biodiversity

2. Faunae:

66 species in Vietnam Redbook, 23 species in World

Redbook

Largest population of Francois' Langur in Vietnam:

Hatinh Langur and Black Langur

Endangered large mammals: Mainland Serow, Giant

Muntjac, Saola, Asiatic Black Bear, Sun Bear

200 bird species, 259 butterfly species, 72 fish

species


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Importance

Evidence of human occupation of the Neolithic (axe

heads and similar artifacts)

1995: remarked as an extremely important

archeological site

2003: recognized as a world natural heritage site for

outstanding geological, geomorphical, and

geographical values

2007: submitted to UNESCO second time for

recognition as a world natural heritage for

biodiversity


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Tourist Activities

Tour for expedition of caves and grottos in

boats and with professional cave expedition

means

Ecotourism, discovering the flora and fauna in

this national park in the Ke Bang Forest

Mountain climbing, trekking


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Tourist Activities

Interesting tourist attractions: Chai

Waterfall, Ran Crouching Stone, Surfacing

Stream, Bo Bull Field, Horizontal Spring

January 2009: listed in 29 destinations to

visitby Los Angeles Times


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Cha Lo Cong Troi

Location: Minh Hoa Quang Binh

Belonging to the Ho Chi Minh path system

(12A)

An important point of the system to preventenemy in Vietnam America war


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Cha Lo Cong Troi


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Cha Lo Cong Troi

The forest is composed of many kinds of

precious plants: lim, sen, tau, song may

and lan flower.

Nowadays, Cha Lo becomes an

International gate of Vietnam and a

developed economic area.


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Cha Lo Cong Troi


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QUANG TRI OVERVIEW

Capital city: Dong Ha

Area: 4760.1km2

Population:597,985 (2007)

Ethnicities: Kinh, Bru or Van Kieu, Ta Oi


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QUANG TRI OVERVIEW

Town and districts:

Vinh Linh

Gio Linh

Cam Lo

Trieu Phong

Hai Lang

Huong Hoa

Da Krong

Con Co


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QUANG TRI OVERVIEW

Location- North central Viet Nam

- Surrounded by:

On the East: East Sea

On the West: Laos

On the South: Thua Thien Hue province

On the North: Quang Binh province


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QUANG TRI OVERVIEW

Geography

Topography: mountains, hills, plains, sanddune and seaside

The long coast and complex network of

rivers


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QUANG TRI OVERVIEW

Climate

Weather condition is very serve with hot anddry South-West wind

Annual temperature: 24oC


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QUANG TRI OVERVIEW

Tourism Preserves many remains from the anti-

American resistance: the ancient citadel ofQuang Tri, Khe Sanh combat base, Vinh Moc

tunnel, Hien Luong bridge, etc

Beautiful landscapes: Dakrong beauty Spot,

Cua My beach, etc


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QUANG TRI OVERVIEW

Attractions:

Natural attraction: Cua Tung beach

Cultural attraction: Vinh Moc Tunnel


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Geographical location: An c village, Vnh Quang

commune, Vnh Linh District, Qung Tr

Next to 17th

parallel of latitude, Bn Hi river, TrngSn martyrs' cemetery, Vnh Mc tunnel, etc.

Length: appro. 1km

Climate: mild, little wind, safe for fishing ship

Named:Queen of beaches ideal place for vacation


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Features: White, flat, soft sand; full of win; blue,

transparent water.

Historical site famous destination


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Vinh Moc Tunnel

Vinh Moc tunnel looks like ancient

castle lying silently underground that

hides many mysteries of human-

made and the period creating it


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Vinh Linh District

1965-1972: Vinh Linh was damaged consecutivelyby about half of million tons of bombs and marbles.

Every citizen had suffered 7 tons of bombs andmarbles on average

For surviving and continuing to fightingthe need of building tunnel

1st tunnel: 50 m long, 6-7m deep (Tan My)

Mid-1966: > 10 tunnels was built but short andshallow

1968: 70 villages of 15 communes had tunnels

Final statistic: 114 villages with total 40 km inlength


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Losses in war

30 tunnels were huge grave for 400

Vinh Linh citizens

26/2/1967: Don Due ( Vinh Hoa) : 4 people

died

20/6/1967: Tan Ly ( Vinh Quang ) : 61 people

died

27/7/1967: Booc Hamlet ( Vinh Thach ) : 22people died

10/9/1967: Binh Minh tunnel : 39 people died


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Vinh Moc tunnel

Vinh Moc village: on the southeast

coastline, far away from Cua Tung beach

about 7km , far away from Con Co 30 km

important geographical position.

Lying underground of a hill with 30 m in

height and total area of 30 hectares

18,000 working day, built in 2 years (1965-

1967)


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Purposes for building Vinh Moctunnel system

Avoiding the damage of bomb

Surviving purpose

Safe space for fighting planning

Collecting and transporting goods and

weapons to Con co


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Structure of Vinh Moc tunnel system

Dome structure with the size of 0.9m x1.75m

Total length: 2000m

3 main tunnels crossing together uninterrupted , self-contained and largescale tunnel

13 gates ( 7 to sea and 6 to hill)

2 sides of tunnel were pierced to create

space for living


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3 layers

1st layer : 12 m deep from surface,

space for living 2nd layer: 15m deep from surface, space

for peoples committee, party executivecommittee, military commanders

3rd layer: space for preparation of goods& weapons transportation


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Including : meeting hall, bulletin board,

maternity hospital, wells, WCs, surgery

room, Hoang Cam cooking-stove, rice

store, call office, etc.

Nowadays: adding display room with

photos


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The life in Vinh Moc

Life condition: wet in winter, hot in

summer, lack of sunlight and hygiene

diseases related to parasites, skin and bone Need for fuel saving

Shortage of food

Miracle in Vinh Moc: 17 babies in 10 years Being both effective battlefield and rear


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TRAVEL TIPS

Best time to enjoy Phong Nha Ke Bang:

early afternoon (time tours depart from

Dong Hoi)

Dry seasons: February to August (avoidSeptember and November)

Price to visit Phong Nha Ke Bang:

50,000VND for ticket; 70,000VND for boat Shopping places: Dong Hoi market, Dong

Ha market, Lao Bao border gate


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REFERENCES

http://www.quangbinh.gov.vn/3cms/?cmd=130&art=1283336387

688&cat=1190885358164

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phong_Nha-Ke_Bang_National_Park

http://www.vietnamtourism.com/e_pages/heritage/phongnha.asp

http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/951

http://www.vietnamtourism.com/e_pages/news/index.asp?loai=2

&uid=5288

Etc.
http://www.quangbinh.gov.vn/3cms/?cmd=130&art=1283336387688&cat=1190885358164http://www.quangbinh.gov.vn/3cms/?cmd=130&art=1283336387688&cat=1190885358164http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phong_Nha-Ke_Bang_National_Parkhttp://www.vietnamtourism.com/e_pages/heritage/phongnha.asphttp://whc.unesco.org/en/list/951http://www.vietnamtourism.com/e_pages/news/index.asp?loai=2&uid=5288http://www.vietnamtourism.com/e_pages/news/index.asp?loai=2&uid=5288http://www.vietnamtourism.com/e_pages/news/index.asp?loai=2&uid=5288http://www.vietnamtourism.com/e_pages/news/index.asp?loai=2&uid=5288http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/951http://www.vietnamtourism.com/e_pages/heritage/phongnha.asphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phong_Nha-Ke_Bang_National_Parkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phong_Nha-Ke_Bang_National_Parkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phong_Nha-Ke_Bang_National_Parkhttp://www.quangbinh.gov.vn/3cms/?cmd=130&art=1283336387688&cat=1190885358164http://www.quangbinh.gov.vn/3cms/?cmd=130&art=1283336387688&cat=1190885358164

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The North Central Vietnam (Outline Print)