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Michael M. Ryan talks about OECD's standard codes for tractor testing and trade
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THE OECD Standard Codes for THE OECD Standard Codes for
Agricultural and Forestry TractorsAgricultural and Forestry Tractors
Michael M. Ryan – Trade & Agriculture Directorate
The OECD
•• InterInter--governmental Organisationgovernmental Organisation
– Established in 1961
– 30 Member countries
– Works with over 70 developing and transition economies
Multilateral Forum Multilateral Forum ……
• Address economic, social and environmental challenges
• Economic analyses
• Provides comparative data to underpin multilateral co-
operation
• Policy recommendations and good practices
StructureStructure ofof OECDOECD
GeneralGeneral
SecretariatSecretariat
CoCo--operationoperation
withwith
nonnon--membersmembers
SemiSemi--autonomousautonomous bodiesbodies
COUNCILCOUNCIL
Executive Directorate
Public Affairs and
Communications
Directorate for Trade and
Agriculture
Development Co-operation Directorate
Trade Directorate
Environment Directorate
Economics Department
Statistics Department
Public Management Service
Education, Employment, Labour
And Social Affairs
Directorate for Science, Technology
And Industry
Territorial Development Service
Directorate for Financial,
Fiscal and Enterprise Affaires
International Energy Agency Development Centre
Nuclear Energy Agency
European Conference of
Ministers of Transport
Centre for Educational
Research & Innovation
Club du Sahel
General
Secretariat
Co-operation
with
non-members
COUNCILExecutive
Directorate
Public Affairs and
Communications
Trade and
Agriculture
Development
Co-operation
Environmen
t
Economics
Statistic
s
Public Management
Service
Education,
Employment, Labour
And Social Affairs
Science,
Technology
And Industry
Territorial
Development
Service
Financial, Fiscal
and Enterprise
Affaires
StructureStructure ofof OECDOECD
Semi-autonomous bodies
International Energy
AgencyDevelopment Centre
Nuclear Energy Agency
European Conference of
Ministers of Transport
Centre for Educational
Research & Innovation
Club du Sahel
Who drives OECD’s Work?
Trade & Agriculture Directorate
Policy Analysis
• Monitoring changes in agricultural policies
• Medium term commodity outlook
• Agro-Food Chain analysis
• International Standards Part II Programmes
• Bio-energy policies
• Multilateral analysis of trade agreements (agriculture, manufactures, services,export credits)
Codes and Schemes
• Participation open to all countries
• Voluntary programme – self financing
• Currently 60 countries– Equal voting rights
– First step to participating in other activities
– Annual contribution
• Four Schemes: – Seed Scheme– Tractor Codes– Forest Scheme– Fruit and Vegetable Scheme
OECD Standard Codes for the Official
Testing of Agricultural and Forestry
Tractors•• Background Background
– Established in 1959
– 29 participating countries
• 25 OECD Member Countries
• China, India, Russia, Serbia
– National Designated Authorities
– 9 Codes [2-10]
• Performance & Safety Codes
• >2 000 tested for Performance
• >10 000 tested for safety codes
What is it?
• RULES and DIRECTIONS for tractor testing
Official OECD approval for a tractor
• First Code established on 21st April 1959
• Performance ….
• Safety … ROPS & FOPS
• Noise….
• In constant evolution:
Objectives“one tractor – one description – one test”
• simplify existing international trade procedures,
• establish specifications and basic performance criteria
• ensure a minimum of quality for the traded material
• Transparency, facilitate trade, increase the agricultural machinery market
9 Codes ……Testing• Performance: Code 2
• Noise at the driver's position(s): Code 5
• Protective structures: Codes 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10
– Roll-Over Protective Structures (ROPS)
– Falling Object Protective Structures (FOPS
– Code 1… Repealed
– NB: Quantifiable tests for reliable
comparison between countries
OECD STANDARD CODES
OECD Standard Codes
OECD Standard Codes
29 Participating countries
• Non-OECD members:
– China
– India
– Russian Federation
– Serbia
National Designated
Authorities (NDAs)
implement the Codes
choose the Testing Stations
to perform tractor tests
according to the Codes
How does it work?
New
Tractor Report
Approval
Number
NDA
OECD
Secretariat
Approvals since 1959:
> 2 350 for performance
> 10 400 for noise or safety
3 Types of Activities
OECD Standard Codes
• OECD Coordination Centre …– Quality Control …
– Checks/ screens the reports from Testing Stations in member countries
– Approval numbers…..
• Cooperation with other Organisations
– ISO ---- close cooperation – Memorandum of Understanding (MoU)
– EU Directives ------- Equivalence
– FAO ……
OECD Standard Codes• Performance Code
– Code 2: Testing of tractor performance• Motor power, fuel consumption, traction, hydraulics, etc.
• Protective Structures (ROPS) codes• Roll-over, noise, falling objects,….
– Code 3:Dynamic testing of roll-over protective structure
– Code 4:Static testing of roll-over protective structure
– Code 5:Measurement of noise at the driving position
OECD Standard Codes
– Code 6:Testing of front-mounted protective
structures on narrow track tractors
– Code 7:Testing of rear-mounted protective
structures on narrow-track tractors
– Code 8:Testing of protective structures on track-
laying tractors
– Code 9:Testing of protective structures for
telehandlers
– Code 10: Testing of falling object protective
structures on tractors (FOPS)
Benefits
Governments/Public
Create a business
environment to facilitate
international trade
– Test methods
– Quality control
– Reduced trade barriers
Companies/Private
Reducing regulatory costs
Companies can be:
– tractor manufacturers
– tractor sellers
– tractor users
End user – Farmers– Quality products
– Comparable information
OECD STANDARD CODES
•• To facilitate trade through the use of To facilitate trade through the use of internationally recognised standardsinternationally recognised standards
•• To contribute to health & safety requirementsTo contribute to health & safety requirements
•• To contribute to improving environmental To contribute to improving environmental standardsstandards……
•• To improve collaboration between international To improve collaboration between international standards setting bodiesstandards setting bodies……
•• To share information and knowledge on best To share information and knowledge on best practices...practices...
New Challenges
• Environment/climate change: pollution issues– Biofuels – blending/economical aspect
– Reduced fuel consumption – engine efficiency
– Emissions - exhaust gas
• New types of tractors?– Changing crops and practices – ex: GPS
– New sophistications – ex: foldable ROPS, tractor mass, round shape ROPS
Enlargement
To major countries of the agriculture and
forestry tractors industry
– Brazil
– Argentina
– Mexico
… Any country whishing to participate
Role of the Secretariat
• Coordination between the countries:– Production and distribution of official documents
– Organisation of meetings
– Ensures research progress
• Develop and implement the programme of work: ensure its pertinence
• Manage the budget
• Evaluates candidate countries to join
• Liaise with international organisations
MeetingsAnnual Meeting
Plennary
NDAs, Bureau, CC, observers
1st Technical Working Group
Technical proposals to update the Codes
National engineers, Bureau, CC
2nd Technical Working Group
Technical propasals to update the Codes
National engineers, Bureau, CC
Test Engineers’ Conference
Every other year (next in Korea, Sep ‘09)
National Engineers
Sub-group meetings:
Research Group
ISO/OECD
How to Join?
Further information on the Schemes
www.oecd.org/agr/tractorwww.oecd.org/agr/tractor• Rules & Regulations of the OECD Codes
• List of Codes ---
• Guidelines for joining the Codes
• Summary of tractor test reports
Certification
• List of National Designated Authorities
