Internationale Theologie / International Theology 16

The ‘Other’ in Karl Rahner’s Transcendental Theology and GeorgeKhodr’s Spiritual Theology

Within the Near Eastern Context

Bearbeitet vonSylvie Avakian

1. Auflage 2012. Buch. 298 S. HardcoverISBN 978 3 631 63430 1

Format (B x L): 14,8 x 21 cmGewicht: 480 g

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Contents

Abbreviations

I. Introduction and General Methodological Remarks

II. Karl Rahner’s Transcendental Theology and his “Anonymous Christian”

1. Introduction: Karl Rahner (1904-1984)

2. Philosophical-Theological Foundations

3. Rahner’s Transcendental Theology and the Bases for his Theology of Religions

3.1. The Anthropological Starting Point and the Divine Mystery

3.2. The ‘Supernatural Existential’ and ‘God’s Radical Self-Communication’

3.3. Salvation History as Parallel to Ordinary History

3.4. The Soteriological Role of Jesus Christ

3.5. Creation, Incarnation and the ‘Hypostatic Union’

3.6. The Possibility of ‘Anonymous Christians’

4. Evaluation and the Problem of a Different Starting Point

5. The Problem Exemplified and the Suggestion of a Hermeneutical Key

6. The “Anonymous Christian” Revisited

6.1. The Theory from a Transcendental Starting Point

6.2. The Theory ‘From Above’ Starting Point

6.3. Meaning and Purpose of the ‘Anonymous Christian’

7. The Reception of the ‘Anonymous Christian’ in the West

7.1. A Positive Reception of the ‘Anonymous Christian’: The Work of Heinz

Robert Schlette

7.2. Critiques of the ‘Anonymous Christian’

7.2.1. As Unfair to the Uniqueness of the Christian Faith

7.2.2. As Unfair to the World Religions: The Critique of John Hick

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7.2.3. The Critique of Hans Küng

8. Final Critical Remarks and Conclusion

III. George Khodr and the Contemporary Near Eastern Theology

1. Introduction: George Khodr (1923- )

2. Theological Foundations

2. 1. God as Mystery

2.1.1. The Apophatic and the Cataphatic Theologies

2.1.2. Essence and Energies

2. 2. God as Creator

2.2.1. Divine Will of Creation and the Human Response

2.2.2. The Whole Humanity as the Image of God

2.2.3. The Cosmos as the Body of the Human Being

2. 3. God as Christ

2.3.1. A Concealed Presence of Christ in Other Religions

2.3.2. Christ’s Presence in the Virtues

2.3.3. The ����� and the �����

2.3.4. Incarnation and Incarnations?

2.3.5. The Universal Salvation: ���� ������

2.3.6. The Cosmic Christ

2. 4. God as Spirit: Divine Grace

2.4.1. The Economy of the Spirit as Distinct from that of the Son

2.4.2. Grace as the Divine Self-Gift to the Whole Creation through the Holy Spirit

2. 5. The Human Being and the Cosmic Church

2.5.1. God, the Inner Reality of the Human Being

2.5.2. Freedom and the Experience of Transcendence

2.5.3. Deification: God as Human/ Human as God

2.5.4. The Cosmic Church

2.6. Critical Remarks

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3. Khodr’s Position concerning the ‘Other’

3.1. “The ‘I’ and the ‘Other’”

3.1.1. The East – West Dilemma

3.1.2. The Christian – Non-Christian Dilemma

3.2. Khodr’s Views Concerning the Monotheistic Religions

3.2.1. Judaism

3.2.2. Islam

3.2.3. Some Concluding Remarks

4. The Near Eastern ‘Pluralist’/ Philosophical Critique

4. 1. Preliminary Remarks

4.2. Paul Khoury

4.2.1. God: the Meaning of the Human Existence

4.2.2. The Anthropological Perspective Concerning the ‘Other’ and the Dilemma

with the Church

4.2.3. Khoury’s Critique of Khodr and Some Similarities

4.3. Moushir Aoun

4.3.1. Between ‘Inclusivism’ and ‘Pluralism’

4.3.2. The ‘Inclusive’ Position as Unsatisfactory

4.3.3. ‘Religious Pluralism’ and the Need for New Theological Articulations

4.4. Final Remarks

5. Conclusion: East and West

IV. Rahner and Khodr: “Theological Anthropology” and Common Theological

Sources and Themes

1. Preliminary Remarks: “Theological Anthropology”

2. Das Sein-Seiende vis à vis the Divine ���������

3. The Metaphysical language of the West and the Spiritual Reality of the East

4. The Spiritual/ Mystic Aspect of Christian Faith

5. God: the Reality of Human Perfection

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6. Divine Self-Communication and Self-Giving

7. World History as Salvation History and the Divine Will of Universal Salvation

8. Christian Faith as the Actualization of Human Freedom

V. Conclusion: A Possible Christian Theology That Has a Place for the ‘Other’

Bibliography

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