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The past tense
3.20.12
We conjugate verbs in Spanish by:◦ Dropping the last two letters from the infinitive
comer com
◦ Adding the appropriate ending to the stem Yo com como
These conjugations not only communicate WHO is doing the action but they also communicate WHEN
Yo como = I eat / I am eating (present tense)
The preterit conjugations are used to express that an action took place in the PAST
In English, most verbs in the past tense end in –ed
Yesterday I walked to school. Other verbs require a special form in the
past, such as went, was, did, ran, said, etc.
We have already learned the preterit conjugations for verbs ending in –ar ◦ (yo) -é (nosotros) -amos◦ (tú) -aste (vosotros) -asteis◦ (él/ella) -ó (ellos/ellas) -aron usted ustedes
Ejemplo: mirar◦ Miré I watched◦ Miraste You watched◦ Miró He/She/You watched ◦ Miramos We watched◦ Miraron They/You all watched
Regular verbs that end in –er and –ir follow a similar pattern to the –ar verbs.
In the preterit, -er & -ir verbs endings are IDENTICAL
◦ (yo) -í (nosotros) -imos◦ (tú) -iste (vosotros) -isteis◦ (él/ella) -ió (ellos/ellas) -ieron usted ustedes
VENDER COMER
Yo vendí Yo Tú vendiste Tú Maria vendió Pete Nosotros vendimos Nosotros Los amigos vendieron Las chicas
ESCRIBIR DESCRIBIR
Yo escribí Yo Tú escribiste Tú El director escribió Ella Tú y yo escribimos Nosotros Jo y Jane escribieron Ellas
In the preterit tense, many verbs have irregular stems (spelling changes)◦ Ir Fui, fuiste, …◦ Hacer Hice, hicicste, …◦ Decir Dije, dijiste, … ◦ Estar Estuve, estuviste
YO only: (-car, -gar, -zar)◦ Buscar yo busqué◦ Navegar yo navegué◦ Almorzar yo almorcée
Mandar:
I sent________________Did you send?________________We sent________________
Recibir:
She received________________They received ________________I didn’t receive ________________