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The Periodic Table
www.privatehand.com/flash/elements.html
Horizontal rows are called periods There are 7 periods
Vertical columns are called groups or families.
Elements are placed in columns by similar properties.
1 2
13 14 15 16 17
18
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
The Different Groups of Elements
Metals
Metals Luster – shiny. Ductile – drawn into wires. Malleable – hammered into sheets. Conductors of heat and electricity.
Transition metals
These are called the inner transition elements and they belong here
Non-metals Dull Brittle Nonconductors
- insulators
Metalloids or Semimetals
Properties of both Semiconductors B
Si
Ge As
Sb Te
Po At
Group 1 are the alkali metals Group 2 are the alkaline earth metals
Group 17 is called the halogens Group 18 are the noble gases
Why do we have a periodic table? Organizes the properties of atoms
Tells us information about elements that make up compounds
Answer the Following: Write down the element symbols on
the index card and indicate whether they are metals (M), nonmetals (NM) or metalloids (ME).
1. H
2. Se
3. Zn
4. Si
5. Al
1. NM
2. NM
3. M
4. ME
5. M
Numbers of electrons Atoms of different elements have different
numbers of electrons but they may have the same number of electrons in the outer most energy level
The outer most electrons help determine the chemical properties of elements
So how does the periodic table help us figure out the number of outer electrons?
We use the group number to determine the number of electrons in the outermost energy level of an atom.