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The point of view of Osservatorio Regionale Banche –Imprese di Economia e Finanza BARI, ITALY
WARSAW, SEPTEMBER 24th/25th
By Dr. Maria Patrizia Marino
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MEZZOGIORNO OF ITALY : BACKGROUND STRATEGIC LOCATION
TEMPERATE CLIMATE: HOT AND DRY SUMMERS; MILD
AND WET WINTERS TOTAL AREA: 123.000 square Km = 40,8% of Italian
Surface POPULATION: 20.842.000 = 34,8% of Italian
Population GDP 2008: 371.918,40 millions of euros (current
price) = 28,6% Italian GDP RATE OF UNEMPLOYMENT: 12% (ITALY 7,5%)RATE OF EMPLOYMENT: 52,4% (Lisbon Strategy: an
overall rate of employment= 70%) WAGE-EARNING POPULATION: 6.684,4 = 27,2% of
Italian one
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A GREAT GAP BETWEEN NORTH &
SOUTH OF ITALY
1951/1992: EXTRAORDINARY INTERVENTION BY GOVERNMENT
THE TOTAL COST COMES TO 342,5 BILLIONS EUROS
UP THE 80s TO NOW: STRUCTURAL FUNDSBY EU
THE TOTAL COST COMES TO 30 BILLIONS EUROS
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Figures and Issues of the GAP
In the south of Italy
Figures and Issues of the GAP
In the south of Italy
WHY WASN’T THERE A
RECOVERY IN COMPARATIVE
TERMS?
Southern GDP per Capita in 1951 was
55% of Northern oneSouthern GDP per
Capita Today is 57,9% of Northern
one
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THE MAIN PROBLEMS
HISTORICAL
INSTITUTIONALINSTITUTIONAL
FINANCIAL
SOCIAL
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The Question of Southern Economic Development
THE PROCESS OF
THE UNITY OF ITALY
Elimination of intermediate
bodies(such as labourers &
small landowners)
The Southern Agricultural
Products Sold at a Low PriceThe northern Manufactures
Sold at aHigh Price
The Migrations
impoverished the south of
human resources to industrialize the northern
area
Policies anti-distributive
were achieved
such as the tax on the flour and
deferring of the Agrarian
Reform The Establishment of Criminal Networks
….PREVENTING THE SOUTH OF ITALY TO START A PROCESS OF
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
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INSTITUTIONAL ISSUE
INSTITUTIONAL ISSUE
Plethora of Institution
alBodies
Plethora of Institution
alBodies
Bureaucratic
Delays
Bureaucratic
Delays
Extreme Fragmentation and Bounce
of Responsabiliti
es
Extreme Fragmentation and Bounce
of Responsabiliti
es
Delays from
Governing Board
Delays from
Governing Board
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FINANCIAL ISSUE
FINANCIAL ISSUE
BudgetConstrain
ts
BudgetConstrain
ts
• National Debt
•National Deficit
•The Stability and Growth
Pact
Reduction of the percentage addressed by Financial Act to the Investment in the South of Italy from the approved 45% to
the current 35%
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Social Issue
CRIMINALITY
LACK OF GENERATIONAL
TURNOVER
LACK OF MERITOCRATIC
APPROACH
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SOUTHERN INDUSTRIAL SYSTEM: NEGATIVE
ASPECTSCOMPANY
POLICIES & MARKETING STRATEGIESBASED ON
JUST LOW PRICES
POLICIES
VERY FEWINVESTMEN
TIN R&D, ICT,AND A LOT
OF FACILITIES
AND MACHINERY
MEDIUM/SMALL SIZE WITH A VERY SMALL
CAPITALIZATION DEGREE, CASH FLOW & ASSETS
VERY HARD
RELATIONS
BETWEEN BANKS-
ENTERPRISES
THE COMPETITIVENESS IS VERY LOW
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SOUTHERN INDUSTRIAL SYSTEM: POSITIVE
ASPECTS
ABRUZZO SARDEGNA MOLISE BASILICATA (PHASING OUT)
AREAS GONE OUT FROM CONVERGENCE OBJECTIVE
REMARKABLE INDUSTRIAL
SECTORS
AIRCRAFT INDUSTRY, MECHANICAL SECTOR, PETROLCHEMICAL,
LOGISTICS (Harbours such as Gioia Tauro & Taranto), FASHION
INDUSTRY, ICT, AGRO-INDUSTRY, ENERGY INDUSTRY)
THESE VIRTUOUS PROCESSES ARE LOCATED DOWN COASTAL
AREAS(TOURISM) AND AROUND THE MAIN CITIES (SERVICE
INDUSTRY & CULTURE)
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MEZZOGIORNO OF ITALY: SWOT analysis
STRENGHTSStrategic LocationProduction SystemAvailability Human
Capital and Availability Production
Capacity(Factories)
WEAKENESSESCompetition from Emerging Countries
Inefficiency of Institutions
An Obsolete System of Governance
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MEZZOGIORNO OF ITALY: SWOT analysis
OPPORTUNITIESEast Corridor
Good “geo-economic hub”
THREATSMentality of Resignation,
Complaint and Escape from Own
Responsabilities
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PROCESS AND DYNAMICS OF COMPETITIVENESS IN SOUTHERN SMEs
ELEMENTS AND DATA TO HELP THE SOCIOECONOMIC ACTORS ON THE TERRITORY IN ECONOMIC PLANNING & POLICIES
RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN BANKS & ENTERPRISES
BANKS-ENTERPRISES OBSERVATORY ACTIVITIES
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WHAT CAN WE DO ALL TOGETHER FOR OUR TRIPLE MEZZOGIORNO
TO AIM INVESTMENTS AT FOSTERING INNOVATION, R&D, MARKET, VOCATIONAL EDUCATION & TRAINING SYSTEM
EFFECTIVE USE OF STRUCTURAL FUNDS
GENUINE AND TANGIBLE APPLICATION AND DISSEMINATION OF LISBON STRATEGY PRINCIPLES
(SOCIAL COHESION, MORE AND BETTER JOBS, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT).
TO DEFINE GOOD POLICIES FOR FDI
(FAVOURABLE TAXATION SYSTEM,
INFRASTRUCTURES..)
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A NEW APPROACH TO FACE A
LONG-TERM
DEVELOPMENT
OBI’s PROPOSAL
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THANK YOU FOR THE ATTENTION
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