The Pollution Of The Air

What is Air Pollution?

Air pollution is the introduction of chemicals, particulate matter, or biological materials that cause harm or discomfort to humans or other living organisms, or cause damage to the natural environment or built environment, into the atmosphere.

What are the major sources and types of air pollution?

• There are several main types of pollution. These include smog, acid rains, the greenhouse effect, and "hole" in the ozone layer. 

• Another type of pollution is the release of noxious gases.

• Pollution also needs

to be considered inside our homes, offices, and schools

Sources of air pollution

Natural Causes: • Volcanoes,

Fumaroles and Hot springs .

• Decay from marshes, bogs

• Increase in ozone due to thunderstorms, forest fires.

Stationary sources - those that are fixed in location. • point sources e.g. smoke

stacks, 14% air pollution from plants generating electricity;

• fugitive sources e.g. construction sites, exposed areas;

• area sources e.g. dense urban community or agricultural area

Mobile sources - those that move while polluting, e.g. trucks, cars, busses etc. 60% of air pollution from motor vehicles. 80-88% in major cities!

Man made (most severe for human health):

What are the main categories of air pollutants?

Types of pollutantsPrimary pollutantsPollutants that are emitted directly from identifiable sources –produced by both natural events or human activities

E.g.. Dust storms, emission from vehicles

Secondary pollutantsWhen certain chemical reactions take place among the primary pollutants

E.g.. Sulphuric acid

Primary pollutants

*Carbon oxides (CO2 and CO)*Nitrogen oxides*Sulphur oxides*Volatile organic compounds – hydro carbons*Suspended particulate matter

Outdoor Air Pollution

• Smog is a type of large-scale outdoor pollution.

• Smog is a kind of air pollution, originally named for the mixture of smoke and fog in the air.

• Cities are often centers of these types of activities.

Smog

• Acid rains-It’s caused when a pollutant combines with droplets of water in the air.

• The effects of acid rain on the environment can be very serious.

Acid rains

Taj mahal is a striking example of the damage caused by acid rains to the monuments

Greenhouse effect-It generally comes from the build up of carbon dioxide gas in the atmosphere.

• Carbon dioxide is produced when fuels are burned.

• In this type of pollution sun rays go into the atmosphere and they are trapped by greenhouse gasses.

• So the temperature on the earth rises.

Greenhouse effect

• It is another result of air pollution.

• Chemicals released by

our activities affect the stratosphere.

•  Releases of CFC from heating, aerosol cans, refrigerator equipment removes some of the ozone, causing "holes”. 

Hole in the ozone layer

• It’s more dangerous than the outdoor pollution, because we do everything in enclosed environments where air circulation may be restricted. 

• There are many sources of indoor air pollution: smoke, cooking and heating appliances, and vapors from building materials

Indoor air pollution

• Some individuals are much more sensitive to pollutants than are others. 

• Exposure to air pollution is associated with numerous effects on human health, including pulmonary, cardiac, vascular, and neurological, respiratory impairments. 

Health effects…

• Air pollution prevention efforts of companies have generally focused on waste reduction, reuse and recycling. 

• So to solve these problems and to get over them we can change our lifestyles.

• If we do these simple things we could have a better world and we could live in a better way. 

Prevention

BY :-Kshitiz gupta9-a1