The President and Vice President Lesson 1 Essential Questions: What is required of leaders? It Matters Because: The president and vice president are the

The President and Vice President Lesson 1 Essential Questions: What is required of leaders? It Matters Because: The president and vice president are the only leaders elected by the entire nation. Guiding Question How does a citizen become president?

President and Vice President Barack ObamaJoe Biden

Office of the President Rules for being president: 35 years old Native born citizen Lived in the United States at least 14 years Characteristics of Presidents So far all accept one has been a male Protestant Christian Most come from large population states 1960- John Kennedy (1 st Catholic) 2008- Barack Obama (1 st African American) 1984- Geraldine Ferraro (ran for Vice President) 2008- Sarah Palin (ran for Vice President) 2000- Joseph Liberman (1 st Jewish American)

Office of the President (cont.) Electing the President Every 4 years President is elected by a group called the Electoral College Elector- person appointed to vote in presidential elections for the president and vice president Nominate at the state party conventions When voter vote for their favorite candidates is when they choose electors To win an election the candidate needs 270 electoral votes Term in office Four year term Two year term limit (set by the 22 nd Amendment

Office of the President Salary and Benefits $400,000 per year salary Receives money for personal costs and travel Lives and works in the White House Staff of 80 people that care for the first family Use of Camp David Special fleet of cars, helicopters, airplanes (Airforce One)

The Vice President He is elected with the President Same rules as the President Very little power and role Article I, says the Vice President presides over the Senate Only votes in case of a tie The Vice President becomes the president if the President Dies, is removed from office, falls seriously ill, or resigns

Presidential Succession 1841 William Harry Harrison First President to die in office John Tyler the Vice President declared himself President The Presidential Succession Act (passed in 1947) Lists a line of succession listing the order in which officials are expected to succeed, or come next, to an office. The Twenty Fifth Amendment Makes it clear that if the President dies or leaves office the Vice President becomes President

The Presidential Succession Act 1. Vice President10. Secretary of Commerce 2. Speaker of the House11. Secretary of Labor 3. President pro tempore12. Secretary of Health and Human Services 4. Secretary of State13. Secretary of Housing and Urban Development 5. Secretary of the Treasury14. Secretary of Transportation 6. Secretary of Defense15. Secretary of Energy 7. Attorney General16. Secretary of Education 8. Secretary of the Interior17. Secretary of Veterans Affairs 9. Secretary of Agriculture18. Secretary of Homeland Security

The Presidents Powers and Role Lesson2 Essential Questions: What is required of leaders? It Matters Because: The president has many important duties that affect all Americans Guiding Question What the duties of the president?

Presidential Powers The president is the most powerful public official in the United States Article II- Executive power shall be invested in a President Main job is to execute, or carry out, the laws passed by Congress

Constitutional Specific Powers Veto or reject bills Call Congress into special session Commander in Chief of the armed forces Receive leaders and officials from other countries Make treaties with other countries, with Senate approval Pardon or reduce the penalties against people convicted of federal crimes The Constitution requires the president to tell Congress about the state of the union.

Presidential Roles Chief Executive The presidents most important job is to carry out the nations laws The president is in charge of 15 cabinet departments and many agencies The Senate has to approve the choices to head these departments and agencies About 3 million workers, not counting the military

Presidential Roles (continued) Executive Order- a rule or command the president gives out that has the force of a law The president also names people to serve as Supreme Court Justices (Senate has to approve) Pardon- a declaration of forgiveness and freedom from punishment. Reprieve- an order to delay a persons punishment until a higher court can hear the case Amnesty- al pardon to a group of people

Presidential Role (continued) Chief Diplomat The president leads the foreign policy of the United States Decides how the United States acts toward other countries Names people to serve as ambassadors- an official representative of the countrys government Head of State The president is the living symbol of the nation Builds goodwill with other countries Represents all Americans at important ceremonies

Presidential Role (continued) Commander in Chief Under the Constitution, the president is commander in chief of the nations armed forces Backup foreign policy decisions with force when necessary Congress has the power to declare war, but only the president can order troops into battle. War Powers Resolution (1973)- The president must let Congress know within 48 hours when troops are sent into battle

Legislative Leader Only members of Congress can introduce bills The President also proposes laws The president makes speeches to promote his proposed laws The president meets with senators and representatives The president and Congress often disagree

Presidential Role Economic Leader Every president tries to help the economy to prosper The president deals with problems such lack of jobs, rising prices, and high taxes Party Leader The president is the leader of his or her political party The president helps member of his party who are running for office Helps the party raise money

Making Foreign Policty Lesson3 Essential Questions: Why do nations interact with each other? It Matters Because: The president makes key decisions about our relations with other countries Guiding Question What are the goals of foreign policy

The President and Foreign Policy Foreign Policy- a nations overall plan for dealing with other countries National Security- the ability to keep the country safe from attack or harm The main goal of foreign polity Another goal is to build trade with other countries Third is to promote world peace Fourth is to advance democracy around the world

Foreign Policy Team National Security Advisor- studies foreign policy questions and gives advice to the president State Department Defense Department National Security Council The Office of the Director of National Intelligence (ODNI) Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)

The Tools of Foreign Policy Treaties- a formal agreement between the governments of two or more countries NATO-North Atlantic Treaty Organization Executive Agreement-an agreement between the president and the leader of another country Many of these agreements deal with trade

The Tools of Foreign Policy Appointing Ambassadors The president appoints about 150 ambassadors Confirmed by the Senate Ambassadors represent our nation to other countries Foreign Aid- Consists of money, food, military help, and other supplies given to other countries

International Trade The president has the power to make economic agreements with other countries Treaties cover what products may be traded and the rules for trade Trade sanctions- an effort to punish another nation by imposing trade barriers Embargo- an agreement among a group of nations that prohibits them from trading with a target nation Congress sets tariffs (taxes), and must approve treaties

How The Executive Branch Works Lesson 4 Essential Questions: What is required of leaders? It Matters Because: Decisions made by people working in the executive branch affect many areas of life. Guiding Question What offices make up the Executive Office of the President?

Executive Office Agencies Executive Office Agencies (EOA) 1801 President Thomas Jefferson had a small staff Few advisors, one messenger, and a part-time secretary Today Thousands of experts, advisers, and clerks assist the president Executive Office of the President (EOP) Set up by Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1939 Helps the president Over 2,000 employees, $400 million budget

The White House Office The EOP is overseen by the presidents chief of staff The presidents closest adviser The White House Office 500 people work directly for the president They help and advise the president Office of Management and Budget OMB-prepares the federal budget The budget shows the presidents spending plans for the coming year OMB monitors the spending for all the agencies of the executive branch

Executive Office Agencies National Security Council NSC- advises the president on matters of national security Includes the Vice President, Secretaries of State and Defense, Joint Chiefs of Staff Chairperson Council of Economic Advisers Helps the president carry out the job of economic leader

The Presidents Cabinet Cabinet- a group of advisers to the president that includes the heads of 15 top-level executive departments. Cabinet Responsibilities- members give the president advice on matters that deal with their departments Department of Homeland Security Signed by President G.W. Bush in 2002 Homeland Security Act The task is to protect the nation from attack by terrorists

The Federal Bureaucracy The executive branch also has hundreds of agencies Federal Bureaucracy- agencies and employees of the executive branch of government. About 3 million people work for the executive branch Three basic tasks: First, agencies write rules that put laws Congress passes into practice Second, departments and agencies carry out the day-today activities of the federal government Third, federal agencies oversee certain activities Watch over banks, product safety, health and environment

Independent Agencies (3 types) These agencies are called independent because they are not part of a cabinet department 1. Executive Agencies- independent agency that deals with certain specific areas within the government NASA- space program CIA- intelligence information EPA- human health and environment

Independent Agencies (3 types) 2. Government Corporations a business owned and operated by the government Operated like a private business Not for profit i.e. Portal Service, The Tennessee Valley Authority

Independent Agencies (3 types) 3. Regulatory Commissions- the goal is to protect the public They make and enforce rules that an industry and group must follow FCC- Federal Communications Commission Makes rules for television and radio stations The U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission Establishes safety standards for thousands of products These commissions do not report to the president The president nominates them but only Congress can remove them

Government Workers Top Jobs Political Appointees- a person appointed to a federal position by the president Civil Service System- the practice of hiring government workers on the basis of open, competitive examinations and merit Spoils system- rewarding people with government jobs on the basis of their political support to the victor belong the spoils (jobs) Merit System- hiring people into government jobs on the basis of their qualifications

Documents

The President and Vice President Lesson 1 Essential Questions: What is required of leaders? It Matters Because: The president and vice president are the