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The Preterit Tense
The past!
First: A review of present tense
AR Verb endings: o, as, a, amos, áis, an ER Verb endings: o, es, e, emos, éis, en IR Verb endings: o, es, e, imos, ís, en And of course, irregular verbs!!
The preterit tense
We use the preterit tense to talk about COMPLETED ACTIONS IN THE PAST
There are NO –ar or –er stem changers There ARE plenty of irregulars (you’ll learn
most of those later) Verbs that end in –car, -gar, and –zar have
a spelling change in the yo form. -er and –ir verbs have the same endings!
AR EndingsKEEP THE STEM AND ADD:
é amos
aste asteis
ó aron
hablé hablamos
hablaste hablasteis
habló hablaron
ER and IR EndingsKEEP THE STEM AND ADD:
í imos
iste isteis
ió ieron
comí comimos
comiste comisteis
comió comieron
-CAR VerbsTo keep the hard “c” sound (k) in
verbs ending in –car, you have to make a spelling change in the yo form (ONLY in the yo form).
BusCAR – to look for
BusQUé Buscamos
Buscaste Buscasteis
Buscó Buscaron
-GAR VerbsTo keep the hard “g” sound in
verbs ending in –gar, you have to make a spelling change in the yo form (ONLY in the yo form).
PaGAR – to pay for
Pagué Pagamos
Pagaste Pagasteis
Pagó Pagaron
-ZAR VerbsVerbs ending in –zar have a
spelling change in the yo form (ONLY in the yo form).
Almorzar – to eat lunch
Almorcé Almorzamos
Almorzaste Almorzasteis
Almorzó Almorzaron
IRREGULAR VERBS
There is a finite list of irregular verbs. You will begin learn these in the next chapter. For now, just know that verbs like tener, poner, hacer, decir (yo-go verbs) are irregular.
Of course, IR and SER are irregular.
Let’s Practice!!
Cocinar (to cook)The dog cooked breakfast
El perro cocinó el desayuno
Bañar(se) – To bathe (yourself)I bathed the dog last night (anoche)
(Yo) bañé el perro anoche.
Trabajar – to work
Juan and José worked yesterday (ayer).
Juan y José trabajaron ayer.
Bailar – to danceRosa and Amelia danced last week (en la semana pasada)
Rosa y Amelia bailaron en la semana pasada
Cepillar(se) los dientesPedro brushed his teeth last night.
Pedro se cepilló los dientes anoche.
Beber – to drinkThe cat drank water
El gato bebió el agua.
Tocar – to play an instrumentAna played the flute
Ana tocó la flauta
Estudiar – to studyJuanita studied in the library
Juanita estudió en la biblioteca
Jugar videojuegos (play videogames)I played videogames last night
(Yo) juGUÉ videojuegos anoche.
Jugar videojuegos (play videogames)Anita ate a sandwich.
Anita comió un sandwich.
Escribir – to writeMy friend wrote a letter to me
Mi amigo me escribió una carta.
Comprar – to buyI bought groceries (los comestibles)
(Yo) compré los comestibles
Llevar – to take, carry, or wearLuisa wore a red dress
Luisa llevó un vestido rojo
Pasar tiempo con amigosThe kids spent time with friends
Los chicos pasaron tiempo con amigos
Tocar la guitarraJimmy played the guitar
Jaime tocó la guitarra
Montar en biciPablo rode the bike
Pablo montó en bici.
Llorar – to cryCarlos cried
Carlos lloró
Llorar – to cryCarlos cried
Carlos lloró