The Project for Capacity Building for Efficient Power System

in Rwanda

Completion Report

(3rd Project Year, FY 2013)

February, 2014

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. Project Profile ............................................................................................................................ 1

1.1 Background .......................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Prehistory ............................................................................................................................ 1 1.3 Purpose ................................................................................................................................ 2

2 Activities ..................................................................................................................................... 3 2.1 Preparation of Well-defined Training Framework for O&M of Power Facilities .............. 3 2.2 Creating and Maintaining Distribution System Database ................................................ 7 2.3 Capacity Building of Core-trainers and Core-engineers for Technical Staffs ................. 22

2.3.1 Distribution Systems .................................................................................................. 22 2.3.2 Transmission Systems ................................................................................................ 33 2.3.3 Hydropower Generation Plants .................................................................................. 48 2.3.4 Diesel Power Generation Plants ................................................................................ 55

3. Issues, Ideas and Lesson on Project Implementation ........................................................... 66 3.1 Preparation of Well-defined Training Framework for O&M of Power Facilities ............ 66 3.2 Creating and Maintaining Distribution System Database .............................................. 67 3.3 Capacity Building of Core-trainers and Core-engineers for Technical Staffs ................. 69

3.3.1 Distribution Systems .................................................................................................. 69 3.3.2 Transmission Systems ................................................................................................ 69 3.3.3 Hydropower Generation ............................................................................................. 70 3.3.4 Diesel Power Generation ............................................................................................ 70

4. Achievements of Project Purpose (Summary of Midterm / Final Review) ............................ 72 4.1 Summary of Midterm Review ........................................................................................... 72

4.1.1 Progress of Activities ................................................................................................... 72 4.1.2 Achievement of Outputs ............................................................................................. 73 4.1.3 Achievement of Project Purpose ................................................................................. 75 4.1.4 Prospects for Achievement of Overall Goal ................................................................ 76 4.1.5 Evaluation by Five Evaluation Criteria ..................................................................... 76

4.2 Summary of Final Review ................................................................................................. 80 4.2.1 Achievement of Outputs ............................................................................................. 80 4.2.2 Achievement of Project Purpose ................................................................................. 83 4.2.3 Prospects for Achievement of the Overall Goal ......................................................... 84 4.2.4 Evaluation by Five Evaluation Criteria ..................................................................... 84

5. Recommendation for Project Overall Goal ......................................................................... 89 5.1 Preparation of Well-defined Training Framework for O&M of Power Facilities ............ 89 5.2 Creating and Maintaining Distribution System Database .............................................. 90 5.3 Capacity Building of Core-trainers and Core-engineers for Technical Staffs ................. 90

5.3.1 Distribution Systems .................................................................................................. 90 5.3.3 Hydropower Generation ............................................................................................. 92 5.3.4 Diesel Power Generation ............................................................................................ 93

6. Other Issues ............................................................................................................................ 94 6.1 Preparation of Well-defined Training Framework for O&M of Power Facilities ............ 94 6.2 Creating and Maintaining Distribution System Database .............................................. 94 6.3 Capacity Building of Core-trainers and Core-engineers for Technical Staffs ................. 94

6.3.1 Distribution Systems .................................................................................................. 94 6.3.2 Transmission Systems ................................................................................................ 95 6.3.3 Hydropower Generation ............................................................................................. 95 6.3.4 Diesel Power Generation ............................................................................................ 95

7. Supporting Data ...................................................................................................................... 97 7.1 PDM (Project Design Matrix) ............................................................................................ 97 7.2 Workflow ............................................................................................................................ 97 7.3 Activity Record ................................................................................................................... 97 7.4 Detachment Record of Experts ......................................................................................... 97 7.5 Report of Counterpart Training ........................................................................................ 97 7.6 Provided Equipment list ................................................................................................... 97 7.7 Record of Joint Coordinating Committee ......................................................................... 97 7.8 Other Activity Record ........................................................................................................ 97

7.8.1 Record of Discussion of Regular Meeting ................................................................... 97 7.8.2 Materials of Activities of Human Resource Development ......................................... 98 7.8.3 Materials of Activities of Distribution System Database .......................................... 98 7.8.4 Materials of Activities of Distribution Systems ......................................................... 98 7.8.5 Materials of Activities of Transmission Systems ....................................................... 99 7.8.6 Materials of Activities of Hydropower Generation .................................................... 99 7.8.7 Materials of Activities of Diesel Power Generation ................................................. 100 7.8.8 Site Visit Report ........................................................................................................ 100

ABBREVIATIONS

EWSA Energy, Water and Sanitation Authority DDG/CSs Deputy Director General Corporate Services PSCBS Power Sector Capacity Building Secretariat SCBI Strategic Capacity Building Initiatives JCC Joint Coordinating Committee AfDB African Development Bank EARP Electricity Access Rollout Program NLC National Land Center ICT Information Communication Technology ArcGIS Name of geographic information system software DBMS Database Management System ESRI Environmental System Research Institute, Inc. BoQ Bill of Quantity EGU Electricity Generation Unit TOT Training of Trainers

CHAPTER 1

PROJECT PROFILE

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1. Project Profile

1.1 Background

The home electrification rate at the national level in a Rwanda is estimated to be about 5%(About 3% in rural area and 25% in the city area including Kigali city).

This remarkably low electrification rate is an obstruction of the improvement of a living standard and social service of people etc, and it is a fetter of the Rwanda economy that continues the reconstruction from the civil war, and the Rwanda Government is setting the target to greatly raises the home electrification rate in a national long-term objective. On the other hand, a power supply to the Kigali city, which is the center of metropolitan area, have been implemented by ELECTROGAZ by 2008, however, stable power supply in the metropolitan area is facing difficulty with frequent power interruption, three times a week in Kigali city, mainly due to the superannuation of the power supply facility such as substations and the distribution systems.

Under such circumstances, increase of power generating facilities, reinforcement of existing substations and distribution systems are being implemented by the Rwanda Government and international aid agencies. However,

However, to satisfy the increasing power demand, to accomplish the Government’s target and to keep the stable power supply, the maintenance of the human resource development system to improve their technical capability of EWSA employee, which succeeded the business from ELECTROGAZ in 2008.

And, with regard to the low-tension distribution lines, reinforcement of the low-tension distribution lines for the improvement of electrification ratio is urgent need, however, at the same time, the establishment of overall distribution system database is indispensable for the systematical planning, maintenance and management of distribution systems, because necessary drawings and technical data are not properly maintained due to civil war.

1.2 Prehistory

It is said that the distribution loss rate is approx. 17%, and this is not exceptionally high rate when compared with the loss rate of neighboring countries. This trend is mainly considered due to the little power demand, however, it is required to attempt the improvement of the maintenance of management of EWSA to reduce distribution losses, considering the power demand that increases rapidly in the future.

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Considering these situations, the Rwanda Government has requested technical co-operation to the Government of Japan.

JICA decided to implement “The Project for EWSA’s Capacity Building for Efficient Power System Development”, which is aimed to attempt the improvement of technical capability of EWSA through the establishment of distribution database, reinforcement of facilities of ERSA Training Center and training of core-engineers

1.3 Purpose

This project aims chiefly to realize the following outcomes, to improve the technology capability centered on the operation and maintenance in the EWSA, furthermore, to contribute the improvement of stability and efficiency of power systems of EWSA by implementing the services based on the R/D lies a project concerned.

Output 1 : Preparation of well-defined framework of training for O&M of power facilities

Output 2 : Creating and maintaining distribution system database

Output 3-1 : Improvement of capacity of core-trainer to train technical staff of distribution systems

Output 3-2 : Improvement of capacity of core-engineer to train technical staff of transmission systems

Output 3-3 : Improvement of capacity of core-engineer to train technical staff of hydropower generation plants

Output 3-3 : Improvement of capacity of core-engineer to train technical staff of diesel power generation plants

CHAPTER 2

ACTIVITIES

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2 Activities

2.1 Preparation of Well-defined Training Framework for O&M of Power Facilities

(1) Developing and Authorizing the Training Policy of EWSA

The Project supported EWSA to develop “Draft Training Policy” by providing references on the policy development on human resources management and staff training of TANESCO (Tanzania Electricity Supply Company) in Tanzania. The Draft was submitted to the DDG/CSs in December 2012 to be processed for the approval by EWSA Management and the Board of Directors. However, due to the prolonged organizational reform process including the one for corporatization from March 2013 and another one from July 2013for creating an energy company as subsidiary, the consideration of the Draft has been stopped, together with the recruitment of Director of Human Resources and the preparation of Procedures Manual to cover human resource management matters including staff training. (Please also see Annex 8-1 “EWSA Training Policy Draft.”)

In addition, as part of the support for the establishment of EWSA Training Policy, the Project organized a study tour between 25th February and 1st March 2013 for EWSA staff to TANESCO, for which the JICA technical cooperation project titled “The Project for Capacity Development of Efficient Distribution and Transmission systems” was being implemented. Two (2) officers in charge of HR management and training respectively from HR unit participated. The study tour was originally planned for June 2012: however, the selection of participants had taken a long time due to the organizational restructuring with personnel transfer and the staff shortage. (Please also see Annex 8-2 “Tanzania Study Tour Report”)

In October 2013, just before the termination of the Project activities to produce Output 1, the Government of Rwanda formally approved the creation of Energy and Water and Sanitation Companies as subsidiaries. Since the development and authorization of Procedures Manual and Training Policy are considered to be subject to the new energy utility company, the effectiveness of Project activities for Training Policy matters is likely to be rather low without the vision, goals, and management structure of the new company.

On the other hand, however, the current EWSA management including DG, DDG/CSs, and DDG/E recognizes the ownership of Project results such as trainers, core-engineers and curriculum with training materials and is eager to continue technical staff training by utilizing them with some annual budget allocated for internal training. Given the recommendation by JICA terminal evaluation mission of the Project in October 2013, the placement of two (2) technical training officers to implement 6th and 7th distribution technician trainings at EWSA training Center, in the 3rd and 4th quarter of 2013/2014 respectively, was to be nominated as an temporary arrangement1. (Please also see Annex 8-3 “Proposed TOR: Technical Training Officers and Advisory Team.)

(2) Organizing the Training Evaluation Team

Based on the experience and lessons learnt in the first and second years of the Project period, and considering the inactive state of EWSA Training Committee that has not been functioning substantially under the organizational reform, the Project selected to evaluate core-trainers and core-engineers for certification by JICA experts. Regarding the monitoring and evaluation (M&E) of

1 As of 1st November 2013, Ag. DEU is ready to nominate two (2) personnel/engineers to perform as technical training officers, one from the planning unit (core-trainer) and the other one from the distribution unit (new).

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internal technical staff training to be done by trainers and core-engineers, the Project selected to conduct the M&E by individual evaluation teams in view of feasible and available human resources in each area, since the M&E method and implementation system of training was different for each area.

In distribution, the M&E was implemented as self-evaluation by the training team (trainers, training offices and JICA experts), while the M&E was implemented by the evaluation team consisting of the head of generation unit and JICA expert(s) in hydro power generation.

It was necessary for the M&E activity of evaluation teams to involve HR unit or Training Center (T&CB section) of EWSA. In fact, the training center manager (Mr. Roger) had expressed his intention to organize an evaluation team to assess the curriculum and trainers of distribution technician training. And JICA expert in HRD had prepared a draft TOR of the evaluation team as part of “Distribution Technician Training Program” as discussed below. However, it was not possible due to the difficulty in schedule adjustment and other engagement of EWSA management and HR unit, who were candidates of the evaluation team members, with its limited staff allocation and capacity under the organizational restructuring.

(3) Preparation of Training Policy and Training Program

As mentioned above, training framework with Training Policy is not ready to be developed under the corporate restructuring

Up to July 2013 in the third year of the Project, training program to be developed by JICA Project was considered to become a short term training program to accommodate urgent training needs for technicians until EWSA was ready as a new organization (company). The JICA experts prepared “Draft proposal: Training Program for Distribution Technicians of EWSA” to share with the training center manager and others, as a starting point for discussion. (Please also see Annex 8-4 “Draft proposal”.)

With the support from the Rwandan Government (PSCBS) in June – August 2013, EWSA developed Training Plan 2013-2016 by itself based on the results of Training Needs Assessment, in which gaps and action were identified. Given the Training Plan, it was agreed that Training Program that JICA Project was to come up with should be in line with and contribute to EWSA’s efforts by elaborating the training plan for electricity utility units, so that the program could also function as a guide to show training needs of EWSA, since EWSA was likely to receive many training offers from external partners including JICA.

During the formulation process, the Project team organized two (2) planning workshops in October 2013 that aimed at developing a draft Medium-term Training Program for Electricity Utility through participatory planning exercise by working group members (core-trainers and core engineers). On the 1st October, a planning workshop for technical staff training in generation was organized at the Training Center in Kigali, as part of ongoing core-engineer training activities in generation. It was designed to provide core-engineers an opportunity to exchange views and ideas with team members of HR unit and SCBI coordinator who conducted Training Needs Assessment and formulated the Training Plan and then to practice training planning to be incorporated into the Medium-term Training Program. In the same manner, on the 9th October, a planning workshop of technical staff training in planning and distribution units was organized at EWSA HQs. (Please also see Annex 8-5 “Workshops’ results”.)

JICA experts in distribution, transmission, generation and HRD examined the results of planning workshops and incorporated them with the Training Plan 2013-2016 of EWSA into Draft Medium-term Training Program for electricity utility units (for five years, 2013-2018) by elaborating and adding necessary training activities with detailed training subjects, activities, priority and mode of training (such as internal/external; and lectures/seminars/site inspection, practical training, mentoring/coaching, exchange programs/study tours, advanced education, etc.). (Please also see Annex 8-6 “Draft Medium-term Training Program for Electricity Utility as of 20131031.”)

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(4) Target setting to Assess Ability of the Core-Trainers and the Core-engineers as well as capacity of O & M for each unit of distribution transmission, and power generation

Based on the results of status surveys conducted by JICA experts in distribution, transmission, hydro power generation and diesel power generation during the first and second years of the Project period, target indicators were formulated. They were compiled into “Results Matrix: Summary of Training Needs Assessment” for each unit, and were presented and shared among participants of the 6th Regular Meeting on 7th June, 2013. (Please also see Annex 8-7 “Results Matrix: Summary of Training Needs Assessment”)

(5) Reviewing Trainings for the Core-Trainers and the Core-Engineers

JICA experts in distribution, transmission, hydro power generation and diesel power generation were compiling the achievement of capacity improvement of core-trainers and core -engineers into “Core Trainers/Core Engineers Training Report” in each area, according to the set target indicators. As of October 2013, “Core-trainers Training Report in Distribution System” was completed, and seven (7) core-trainers were certified.

(6) Monitoring Practical Trainings of core trainers and core engineers for other engineers and technicians by using training evaluation form

As mentioned earlier in “2.1 (2) Organizing the Training Evaluation Team,” Monitoring & Evaluation (M&E) has been conducted for technician training in distribution (DTT) and in hydropower generation by individual evaluation teams as follows:

Units Training to be evaluated

Evaluation Team member

M&E tool (Deliverable)

Distribution Distribution technician training by trainers

Training team members (trainers, training officers and JICA experts)

- Self-evaluation by training team; - Review Report with trainers’ reports, course evaluation by trainees, and results of review meeting

Hydro- power (HPPs)

Technician training by core-engineers

Generation Unit Head (including deputy) and JICA expert

- Monitoring with evaluation form; - Site Visit Reports

In distribution, the M&E of distribution technician training (DTT) was implemented as self-evaluation of the training team (trainers, training offices and JICA experts), using various tools such as a) “questionnaire surveys” for trainees, b) “report writing” by trainers, and c) “review meeting” by the training team members. Results of the M&E were to be compiled into review reports on DTT by the training team for the submission to the EWSA management. Review report on DTT was prepared for the first time for 4th DTT in June 2013. (Please also see Annex 8-8 “Questionnaires,” and Annex 8-9 “ Review Report on 4th Distribution Technician Training: 17-28 June 2013”)

In hydro power generation, on the other hand, the M&E of technician training by core-engineers was implemented by the evaluation team consisting of the head of generation unit and JICA expert(s), using “training monitoring form”. Monitoring results were compiled into site visit reports. (Please also see Annex 8-10 “Site Visit Report for Monitoring of Engineer’s Training at Mukungwa-1/ Ntaruka HPP; June 19th, 2013.”)

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(7) Finalizing Internal Training Curriculum

Curriculum and materials of internal training in each area were finalized during September and October in 2013 as follows. (Please also see details in “2.3 Capacity Building of Core-trainers and Core-engineers for Technical Staffs” of this report.)

Units Materials (Deliverables) Distribution Curriculum, timetable, textbook for distribution technician training (DTT) to

be done by trainers Transmission Curriculum/syllabus and reference materials for engineers, which cover

system analysis Hydro power generation

Curriculum/syllabus and textbook for core-engineers, which is also used as a reference book for technician training by core-engineers at HPPs

Diesel power generation

Curriculum/syllabus and textbook for core-engineers by master core-engineer. Syllabus and textbook for technician training by core-engineers at TPPs

Activity in Second Project Year (January 2013 to March 2013)

(1) Information collection on the state of EWSA organization and training policy (2) Review of monitoring and evaluation of training in distribution system (3) Preparation of5th regular meeting (4) Study visit to TANESCO in Tanzania (5) Monitoring and evaluation of the 2nd distribution technician training (6) Information collection on the organization and staff allocation (7) Support in developing "EWSA training policy" (8) Support in developing "EWSA program" (9) Preparation of the 3rd distribution technician training

Activity in Third Project Year (May 2013 to October 2013)

(1) Support for the documentation of training needs assessment (2) Support for the monitoring and review of core-engineer training in hydro power generation (3) Support for the monitoring and review of core-engineer training in diesel power generation (4) Support for the preparation of the 4th distribution technician training (5) Meeting with training manager and training officer at EWSA center (6) Preparation of 6th regular meeting (7) Update on the state of EWSA's organization (8) Target setting to assess ability of the core-trainers and core-engineers (9) Support for the monitoring and review of core-engineer training in hydro power generation (10) Support for the implementation of the 4th distribution technician training (11) Preparation of draft proposal of training program for distribution technicians (12) Support for the documentation of core trainer/engineer training report (13) Support for the monitoring of core engineer training in hydropower generation and

transmission systems (14) Sharing of JICA expert report on distribution technician training (15) Support for preparation of 5th distribution technician training (16) Preparation of planning workshop of technical staff training in generation (17) Support for the preparation of TOR of technical training officers (18) Support for the review report preparation of 4th distribution technician training (19) Support for the implementation of 5th distribution technician training (20)Formulation of draft medium-term training program for electricity utility (21)Preparation for 7th regular meeting (22)Participation and support for JICA terminal evaluation mission (23)Preparation of the revised TOR of technical training officers

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2.2 Creating and Maintaining Distribution System Database

(1) Assessment of Existing Distribution System Database and its Data

No database for existing distribution network was existing at the time the Project had started. A part of data was available for medium voltage line route in Kigali city. However, coordinate system of those line data was not unified. No low voltage lines data were created. In addition, database for facilities such as transformers and switches which are installed along low voltage line routes were not available. Accordingly, it was necessary to create a new database with site investigation for route of medium and low voltage lines and its distribution facilities.

Meanwhile, EARP (Electricity Access Rollout Program) is conducted by the support from World Bank and AfDB. It implements distribution lines expansion program in Rwanda. EWSA inputs medium and high voltage lines data in ArcGIS in EARP program. The data is created with Shapefile, which is the common file type of GIS software. It is possible to display visually by overlaying the data of EARP. However, in terms of database, the EARP data is prepared for planning purpose, and the database structure of EARP is totally different from that of existing distribution network facility. Thus, it is not possible to unify EARP data with the Project database. JICA Expert suggested to incorporate the EARP data into the database when the planned line of EARP is actually constructed in the future.

As the supplement information, GIS data such as administrative boundaries, roads, lakes, and aero photo images were collected to support input works. The Shapefile and other type data which can overlay with distribution network data in GIS are summarized in the following table. Those data were utilized as visual data for the preparation of survey and digitizing of the distribution network for the database.

Table 2.2.1 General Administrative GIS Data concerning Distribution Network GIS Database Shapefile Item Feature Type Description Source

Country Polygon Administrative boundary NLC Province Polygon Administrative boundary NLC Districts Polygon Administrative boundary NLC Sectors_2009 Polygon Administrative boundary NLC Cells2009 Polygon Administrative boundary NLC Lakes_rw92 Polygon Lake data NLC Roads_NLC Polyline Road data NLC Aero photo Raster Aero photo image NLC

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a) Province and District Border

b) District and Sector Border

Source: Maps are prepared using NLC Shapefile data

Figure 2.2.1 GIS Data of Administrative Boundaries, Road, and Lakes (1/2)

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c) District and Cell Border

d) Road Data

Source: Maps are prepared using NLC Shapefile data

Figure 2.2.1 GIS Data of Administrative Boundaries, Road, and Lakes (2/2)

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(2) Designing of Contents and Structure of Distribution System Database,

In the first project year, May 2011, GIS coordination meeting was held with Electricity Department, ICT Department, and Kigali Station. The discussion discussed about GIS database structure, allocation of the system, and required quantity of GIS facilities. Second GIS coordination meeting was held in September 2011 with Kigali Station, ICT Division which is managing EWSA’s network, and Electricity Utility Department. The structure of GIS Database was agreed in the meeting.

At first, it was supposed that the database for distribution network is created only with ArcGIS, however, it became clear that ArcGIS does not have sufficient function to prepare ledger of facilities. ArcGIS is suitable for geographic analysis such as calculation of electricity demands or number of consumers in certain areas. However, ArcGIS does not have input and output form. It is difficult for operators to input and output complicated data items of distribution network facilities and apply it for operation and maintenance

Accordingly, the Distribution Network Database system was determined to adapt two systems; (i) MS-Access to cover database component and (ii) ArcGIS to cope with geographic information. Those two systems are connected with Python Script Program.

Based on the above, Database Management System (hereafter, DBMS) was established as shown in the figure below. The system processes data input, output, delete, and modification with the interface and functions of relation creation between data segments.

MS-Access system consists of two files of (i) database body stored in EWSA network and (ii) interface for individual PC. Those two files are connected by link-tables. By this structure, function of sharing environment that is necessary for database was established.

MS-Access Database

GIS DBMS Interface

(MS-Access)

Shape file (ArcGIS)

-ID control -Technical Particulars

-Support Position -Lines

MS-Access Data Output

(Paper Ledger)

ArcGIS Mapping Output

(Paper, PDF, Google Earth)

Transfer by Python

ArcGIS Shape File

Data Input & Update Export

Export

Figure 2.2.2 Structure of Distribution Network Database

GIS-server installed in GIS room manages the database for distribution network. GIS-server is connected with the network of EWSA head office through a line of a telecommunication company as shown in the figure below.

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GIS-Room GIS-Server

Server-Room

Image ServerGIS-Server

backup

Nyarugenge Antenna

Nyamirambo Antenna

Distribution Dept

Other Antena

EWSA Network

(MTN)

EWSA Head Office

System Engineer of ICT

Head of GIS

GIS-Database Engineers

Surveyors Map Digitizers

Database Engineer, ICT

Other Dept

Figure 2.2.3 Network Structure for Operation of the Database

In the first process, geographic information system of ArcGIS is used to input alignment information of distribution lines and position information of facilities. Next, information such as specification of facilities and condition of installation is input in DBMS together with positional data created by ArcGIS. Lastly, all data with position information and attribute data is output into ArcGIS as GIS database.

Program with Visual Basic enabled following functions in DBMS:

Output of facility and feeder ledger with report function Output of input data with MS-Excel format Output of Shapefile (File type of GIS database)

The GIS database in the third item of the above is the final structure of the database for distribution network system. The Database contains positional information and all data input in DBMS.

The basic work flow of the database preparation is shown in the figure below.

Survey and data collection

Mappingand Digitizing using 

GIS

InputData in Access DBMS

Export data to GIS Database

Data Utilization in Planning, Distribution,Transmission, Commercial Unit and branches.

Feedback, update field information

Database for Distribution Network System (the Database)

Figure 2.2.4 Basic Work Flow of the Database

JICA Expert prepared the prototype of DBMS in the first year of the Project, and GIS engineers in EWSA started operation. Then, DBMS function was modified based on requests for addition or modification of operational method or function. After that, the right version of DBMS was released in February 2013. The JICA Expert instructed the method for operation of DBMS both GIS

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engineers and senior surveyors in EWSA. The modification of DBMS was continued in the third fiscal year 2013 for bug removal and error avoiding function of which necessity was found through input works. Final DBMS was completed in January 2014.

The basic design and input information items of the database were determined based on discussion with EWSA and agreement of both parties. The database for distribution network system includes following items for substation, feeder information, and facilities:

(1) Grid Substation (2) Feeder Code (3) Distribution Substation (4) MV Feeder (Main Feeder) (5) MV Feeder (Sub Feeder) (6) LV Feeder (7) Feeder Component (Main Feeder / Sub Feeder / LV Feeder) (8) MV Support (Pylon / Pole) (9) LV Support (Pole) (10) Transformer (11) Disconnecting Switchgear (12) MV Fuse Cutout (13) Dropout Fuse (14) Metal Oxide Surge Arrester (15) Distribution Panel

(for detail information, please see Manual of Database for Distribution Network System, Product of Technical Cooperation)

Above substations, feeders, and facilities are managed with IDs individually. For example, IDs of supports (poles and pylons) are coded based on ID of source substations, main feeders, and sub feeders, as shown in the figure below. The codes are automatically provided in DBMS.

Figure 2.2.5 Naming Rule for ID of Supports of Medium Voltage Lines

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(3) Trainings for GIS Engineers to Use GIS Software, Data Processing, Digital Mapping and so on.

Prior to data collection at site, following training for basic ArcGIS operation for the preparation of map was conducted with CGIS-nur in the fiscal year 2011.

Introduction of ArcGIS (19-30 September 2011) Instruction of digitizing of maps (17-21 October 2011) GIS instruction for GPS (31 October to 4 November 2011) Advanced Training for ArcGIS (14-25 November 2011)

In the second Project year, additional lecturer was provided about coordinate system along with database input work by ESRI in July to August 2012. In October, lecture about image data processing of aero photos was provided by ERDAS. In addition, advisory service contract for ArcGIS function was provided, which was utilized by GIS engineers when they had any problem with GIS operation.

Photo 2.2.1 Scene of GIS training by ESRI about coordinate system

Photo 2.2.2 Scene of ERDAS training about Aero photo Images

Photo 2.2.3 Scene of GIS advisory service

Also, according to GIS engineers’ request, JICA Expert performed trainings of Visual Basic (VB) which was used for the programming in DBMS. Through trainings conducted from 2011, it was confirmed that GIS engineers acquired skill and knowledge to operate the GIS database. For the future database operation conducted by EWSA, GIS advisory service was provided intensively in January

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2014 so that they can cope with unexpected problems and trouble shooting in GIS application. It improved skills of GIS engineers and senior surveyors about the application of GIS tools including programming modules.

(4) Trainings for Surveyors of Data Collection, including Survey of Underground Cables and Use of GPS

The JICA Expert investigated type of cable detector and GPS, prepared specifications, and procured those equipment. The cable detector is the equipment which detects signals of particular frequency that flows in underground cables of which routes are unknown. The outline for usage is shown in the figure below.

Figure 2.2.6 Usage of Cable Detector

JICA expert instructed the usage of the cable detector in May 2012, and additional instruction was provided in August 2012. By these lectures, surveyors obtained necessary skills.

Photo 2.2.4 Coaching of cable detector by JICA expert

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Instruction of GPS was conducted for GIS engineers by CGIS-nur and JICA Experts in the fiscal year 2011. After that, GIS engineers instructed surveyors about GPS usage. The Surveyors learned GPS and conducted actual survey.

Photo 2.2.5 Scene of coaching of GPS (Part of GIS advisory service)

(5) Investigation for Collecting Data and Information Necessary to Create Distribution System Database in the Pilot Areas in Kigali,

In the first fiscal year 2011, sample data preparation was conducted in two pilot areas, Nyargenge and Nyamirambo, to test and establish the database system.

EWSA GIS Unit played central role for data collection survey from November 2011. In the two pilot areas, data collection was conducted for substations, transformers, and feeder alignment of overhead medium and low voltage lines and underground medium and low voltage lines.

As for low voltage underground line, distribution line engineers of relevant block in EWSA did not have idea for location of lines. Accordingly, survey with cable detector was mainly conducted. However, the detector easily catches noise and it was difficult to find feeder route, which consumed much time. After that, EWSA technician who conducted construction works of underground cable participated to the survey, which much speeded up the survey progress.

(6) Creation and Updating the Database for the Pilot Areas in Kigali

The work flow of data collection survey, database input, and output process in pilot areas is shown in the figure below.

In the first fiscal year 2011, EWSA staffs worked for input of the database for substation and transformers collected in pilot area. In addition, survey of overhead lines was completed.

In the second fiscal year 2012, detailed data acquisition was performed as well as substation data. Attribute data for main distribution facilities was collected and input in the database. Data collection for other distribution facilities such as switches was started. Such data collection activities were completed in the second fiscal l year 2012.

In the third fiscal year 2013, the Project conducted remaining input work of DBMS and output work for ArcGIS. Errors are likely to occur in DBMS when inputting coordinate data, which caused difficulty in GIS output. DBMS was updated so that coordinate errors can be removed automatically.

Procedure manual for data update was prepared for facility modification and new installation as EWSA’s standard document EWSA/DEU/EPU/GIS/OP001. (Please see Annex 9-1 GIS DATABASE:DATA COLLECTION AND UPDATE PROCEDURE)

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< W o r k F l o w o f D a t a M a n a g e m e n t>

Start

Confirm and check location of facilities with a GPS

Record information of facilities and give each facilitiy a number on a survey sheet

Draw locations of facilities and give each facility a number on a paper map

The number links the location to the record on the survey sheet

Field Survey

Scan the paper map

Georeference the scanned image

Digitize locations of facilities using satelite images as base map

Save the digitized coordinates in shape files on your PC

Transfer only data from shape files on your PC to specified shape files on the server

Input information of each facility and choose the number of that to automatically get X and Y coordinates of that

Save the data

*Include also the numberof facility

*These two types of shape files must have same structure

Transfer the data of facilities from Access.mdb to Shpae files on the server

Need to modify the data

Other facilities to be input

Export Shape file to Geodatabase on the server as feature classes

Create a map / Analyze the data

Correct the data on a form of modification

Y

Y

N

N

PC Work

ArcGIS

MicrosoftAccess

ArcGIS

GoogleEarth

ArcGISOnline

Upload GPS coordinates on your PC

Create point shapefile data from GPS coordinate

(Optional Process to simplify)

Figure 2.2.7 Overall Work Flow of GIS Database

17

(7) Preparation of Manuals for Collecting Data and Information, and Preparation and Up-Dating of the Database

Simplified manual was prepared in the first fiscal year 20122 for testing data input. The simplified manual described outlines of respective facility data and data input method. After operation method and function was settled, right version of DBMS was released.

Then, right version of the manual was prepared. “Manual of Database for Distribution Network Systems (GIS Database Management System)” was completed in December 2013. The manual consists of: Chapter 1 Introduction; Chapter 2 Work Flow of Data Management; Chapter 3 Database Management System (DBMS); Chapter 4 Data Input; Chapter 5 Data Modification; Chapter 6 Data Deletion; Chapter 7 Data Reference; and Chapter 8 Practical Utilization of GIS. (please see Manual of Database for Distribution Network System, Product of Technical Cooperation)

(8) Preparation of Training Manual to Train Technician Staff of Distribution Systems for Utilization of the Distribution System Database for Efficient O&M of Distribution Facilities

In the first fiscal year, 2011, JICA Expert prepared simplified manual for operation of cable detector and GPS. Those were utilized for pilot area data input works by EWSA staffs.

Based on a request from the core trainers of distribution systems, GIS engineer provided a lecture about GPS operation for them.

Manuals concerning above is included in Appendix-6, Basics of GPS and Manual of Garmin GPSMAP 62, Appendix-7 Guidance to Use Trimble GPS Juno SB, and Appendix-8 Manual of Cable Detector of Manual of Database for Distribution Network Systems mentioned above (7).

(9) Preparation and Authorization of Action Plan for Updating and Extension of Distribution System Database

The action plan for GIS Database was discussed for authorization in EWSA. The action plan was approved in EWSA in June 2013 and the budget at 500 million RWF was allocated in September 2013. It needs to confirm if the budget can be secured after the reformation of EWSA.

The action plan is divided into following two phases:

(i) Phase I: data collection and data update in Kigali City area

(ii) Phase II: Rwanda nation-wide data collection and update

In Phase I, data collection and update will be conducted by GIS Unit as well as pilot areas. In Phase II, staffs of EWSA branch offices will participate to the data collection survey, and GIS Unit will conduct data input work in GIS room. EWSA branch offices will manage data collection by surveyors at site and report about update information to GIS Unit. The implementation organization is shown in the figure below. (Please see Annex 9-2 Action Plan for GIS Database and Annex 9-3 Draft of Budget of Action Plan)

At the time of project completion, data collection of Kigali city is almost completed. As for nation-wide survey, data collection survey in Musanze and Huye was started in September 2013.

18

Figure 2.2.8 Implementation Structure of Database Operation

Areas and activities Road map (timetable)2013/11 2013/12 2014/1 2014/2 2014/3‐6

A. Distribution of maintenance instrument to branchesB‐1. Training of new GIS engineers‐2. Data input in pilot areas‐3. Approval of  procedure manual‐4. data updating 

C. Core‐engineer training in transmission by JICA expert

1. Certificates for qualified core‐trainers & core‐engineers2. Management meeting on measures to sustain training3. Provision of technical training officers at the TC4. Implementation of 6th and 7thDistribution Technician Training5. Technical staff training by core‐engineers at PPsD. Internal technical training

Guide & monitoring

Figure 2.2.9 Implementation Schedule of Action Plan

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Activity in First Project Year (March 2011 to March 2012)

(1) Evaluation of Existing Distribution Network Database

Existing data was evaluated with investigation of existing database system in Kigali Station. A part of medium voltage line data was already created, but the coordinate system was not unified. Meanwhile, there was no data for low voltage lines. There was no database for distribution facilities such as transformer or switches.

(2) GIS Coordination Meeting

On 3 May 2011, GIS coordination meeting was held with Electricity Department, ICT Department and Kigali Station. The meeting confirmed the structure of GIS system, system allocation, and necessary quantity of GIS facility. Second GIS coordination meeting was held with Kigali Station，ICT Division, and Electricity Utility Department on 16 September 2011, and system design of GIS database was agreed in the meeting.

(3) Confirmation of Pilot Area for GIS Database

Nyargenge and Nyamirambo were selected as pilot areas in Kigali city. During data collection survey, sample data was collected for system preparation, and database system was tested with data of those pilot areas. Based on the sample data, database system was established.

In addition, to confirm existing status of distribution facility in pilot areas, site survey was conducted in September 2011.

(4) Procurement of Equipment

For the procurement, JICA expert examined if the cable detector FERROPHONE that EWSA currently uses and GPS Trimble JUNO that CGIS-nur applies are applicable in this project. Accordingly, procurement is done for the said equipment.

In addition, following equipment and facilities were procured and handed over to EWSA.

ESRI Software: ArcEDITOR, ArcMap, Pathfinder A0 Scanner and printer: 1 unit each for Kigali Station A0 printer: 1 unit, A0 scanner: 1 unit , Computer sets: 6sets Trimble GPS: 12 units (2units are high-resolution GPS) Server computer: 2sets Digital Camera: 1set A3 printer: 1set for GIS room

(5) Lecture of GIS

Before starting the actual data collection at site, four (4) courses of lecture were organized. The lectures are as follows:

Introduction GIS (from 19 September to 30 September, 2011) Digitizing from aerial image to GIS data (from 17 October to 21 October, 2011) Mobile GIS (from 31 October to 4 November, 2011) Advanced GIS (from 14 November to 25 November, 2011)

(6) Establishment of GIS Database Design

The design of distribution network database system consists of (i) MS-Access that covers

20

database part and (ii) ArcGIS that manages geographical image part, which was discussed and agreed with EWSA. The database is divided into four categories: “Substations”, “Feeders”, “Facilities”, and “System Utility”. It is possible for each data to add, modify, refer, and delete in the database.

Activity in Second Project Year (April 2012 to March 2013)

(1) Establishment of DBMS, Debug, Modification of Function and Operation of DBMS

Right version of DBMS system was established and released in February 2012. Through operation of prototype, the system was updated with higher efficiency and operability according to request about function and operation from GIS engineers.

(2) Trainings for GIS engineers and Surveyors

Continuing from the first year, trainings were conducted. Also, lecture of Visual Basic was conducted.

(3) Data Collection and Input for Distribution Network Database in Pilot Areas

Data collection survey was conducted for distribution substation, transformers, medium and low voltage overhead lines, and medium and low voltage underground lines in the pilot areas Nyamirambo and Nyarugenge. As for low voltage underground lines, progress was delayed due to noise problem of cable detector.

(4) Preparation of Manual for Distribution Technicians

Manuals were prepared about GPS and cable detector for surveyors and distribution engineers. Lecture for introduction of GIS database was provided for distribution engineers.

(5) Preparation of Action Plan for Update and Expansion of Distribution Network Database

Budget and schedule for the action plan to develop the database to other areas in Kigali city and nationwide was prepared and approved in EWSA.

(6) Equipment Procurement

Following equipment and facilities were procured and handed over to EWSA.

LAN system : 1 set PC (for digitizing geographical information), monitor, UPS: 3 sets A3 multi-functional printer: 1 set 2 TB HDD for aero photo image files: 9 sets Software for GIS database (ERDAS Imagine) : 2 license Software for GIS database (AutoCAD LT 2013) : 2 license Software for GIS database (Adobe Acrobat X Standard): 10 license Camera with GPS: 5 sets Large display monitor : 1 set GPS accessory (battery) : 20 pcs GPS accessory (stylus, SD card) : 10 set

21

Activity in Third Project Year (April 2013 to January 2014)

(1) Finalization of DBMS System

DBMS was finalized after modification of functions about data input system, error removal process, and automatic GIS output system with Python Script.

(2) Completion of Data Input of Pilot Area in Distribution Network Database

GIS database output, as the final form of the database, was checked and confirmed for pilot areas. Input errors were removed and all data input for pilot area was mostly completed.

(3) Preparation of the Manual of Database for Distribution Network System

Manual of Database for Distribution Network System (GIS Database Management System) was finalized. This includes role of GIS database, structure, method for survey, method of input, update, output, and application of GIS data.

(4) EWSA Procedure Manual for updating GIS Database

For future update of GIS database with equipment modification and new installation, procedure manual was prepared as EWSA’s standard. This includes flow, roles and responsibility of each department in EWSA for GIS database update works.

(5) Conducting GIS Advisory Service

For future database update and to enhance applicability of distribution lines expansion planning, GIS advisory service was provided to GIS engineers and senior surveyors by CGIS-nur. This includes utilization of tools and modules, data analysis, and 3D analysis.

(6) Confirmation of Utilization of GIS Output

Utilization status of GIS maps distributed to Kigali Antennas of EWSA was confirmed. Following are the examples of GIS map utilization.

Understanding of young technician about distribution network is promoted (Only senior technician understood the network by experience till then).

Explanation to customer about power cut status and possible recovery time becomes possible.

Time for power recovery is shortened Preparation of necessary O&M tools is facilitated. (Necessary tool for cable or

overhead is different. Since type of line is clear by map, tool preparation became easier)

Transformer capacity and location can be confirmed in a map, which facilitates planning for capacity increase.

Maps are utilized for grid expansion plans to non-electrified villages. Maps are utilized for preparation of BoQ and procurement document for grid

expansion.

(7) Equipment Procurement

Following equipment was procured for GIS room and handed over to EWSA in January 2014.

UPS (10 kVA） 1 Set

22

2.3 Capacity Building of Core-trainers and Core-engineers for Technical Staffs

2.3.1 Distribution Systems

(1) Preparation of Trainer’s Training Curriculum,

Curriculum of Trainer’s training for distribution system was prepared on September 5, 2011.

Since the training plan of EWSA was not decided, the curriculum was prepared for distribution engineers as shown in Table 2.3.1.

Table 2.3.1 Curriculum for Training of Trainers (TOT) in Distribution systems Course Curriculum contents Preparation

Planning, Design (Theory course)

1. Distribution system 1.1 Feeder 1.2 Distributing trunk line 1.3 Voltage control 1.4 Distribution line system 1.5 Distribution voltage and distribution methods

Textbook for trainer

2. Plan for distribution line 2.1 Demand forecast and load density 2.2 Service standard 2.3 Demand factor, diversity factor, load factor 2.4 Feeder capacity 2.5 Load density, distribution line length, and area of distribution network 2.6 Position of distribution transformer 2.7 Selection of distribution transformer capacity 2.8 Basic issue of distribution design

Textbook for trainer

3. Calculation of distribution line 3.1 Voltage drop 3.2 Economical comparison of the amount of copper 3.3 Power loss 3.4 Power factor improvement 3.5 Short-circuit current 3.6 Cable charging current and cable ground fault current

Textbook for trainer

4. Protection equipment for distribution line 4.1 Section switch for MV distribution line 4.2 Protection relay system at the substation 4.3 Lightning arrester for distribution line 4.4 Over-current protection of pole transformer 4.5 Grounding 4.6 Secondary grounding of a pole transformer 4.7 Overhead ground wire and a overhead common ground wire

Textbook for trainer Lightning arrester Earthing materials

Construction (Theory course)

5. Construction of distribution line 5.1 Types of supports 5.2 Strength calculation of a supporting structure 5.3 Strength calculation of stay 5.4 Line conductor 5.5 Service wire 5.6 Insulator 5.7 Metal fittings for pole assembly 5.8 Underground cable network

Textbook for trainer Poles, pole climber stay wires and cables insulators pole assembly, switchgear protection pipes for cable sand, bricks

23

Maintenance (Theory course)

6. Maintenance of distribution line 6.1 Patrol 6.2 Check for equipments on the pole 6.3 Dielectric strength and insulation resistance 6.4 Measuring of voltage, current and resistance 6.5 Repairing 6.6 Safety standard

Textbook for trainer Tester, detector, tool box, gas burner, clamp meter, data logger, insulation resistance tester, earth tester “Safety regulation”

Practice (Practice course)

7. Practice training 7.1 Cable (or conductor) joint work 7.2 Cable termination 7.3 Measurement technique (insulation resistance) 7.4 Overhead stringing work 7.5 Service wiring work

Practice materials for cable termination and connections Measuring instrument implements Insulators, Fittings ABC cable, pre-prayed meter

Exercise

(Theory course)

1. Power in AC circuits: Summary and Exercise 2. Capacitance: Summary and Exercise 3. Inductance: Summary and Exercise 4. Transformer: Summary and Exercise 5. Impedance: Summary and Exercise 6. R,C and L circuit: Summary and Exercise

Textbook for trainer

On site study

(Practice course)

1. Overhead distribution line 2. Underground distribution line 3. Power station

-Site visit

(2) Implementation of Trainer’s Training by Japanese experts, including utilization of distribution system database for O&M of distribution systems

Trainer’s training by a Japanese expert was carried out according to the above-mentioned curriculum. Training schedule is shown in Table 2.3.2 below. (Please refer to "Core Trainers/Core Engineers Training Report Distribution System." for details.)

Table 2.3.2 Trainer’s training by a Japanese expert

No. Training name Period Number of times of training

1 The 1st Trainer’s Training: Theoretical

course 2011/10/4 –11/17 12

2 The 2nd Trainer’s Training: Theoretical

course 2012/5/30 –6/14 5

3 The 3rd Trainer’s Training: Practice course

2012/9/20 –9/21 2 4 2012/10/5 1

5 The 4th Trainer’s Training: Theoretical

and practice course 2013/6/13 1

Ten (10) technical staffs have participated, and seven (7) staffs have trained as core trainers.

Photo 2.3.1 Trainer’s Training: Theoretical course

24

(3) Preparation of Trainer’s Manuals for Technical Staff Training

The training for technical staffs by a trainer was implemented for technicians of each branches.

Training manual should be prepared during workshop, however, draft training manual was prepared by JICA expert on September 10, 2012. These training manual have been revised during five times of training sessions and revised four time in total.

The manual was distributed to the trainers with soft copies. Detail description of the contents and exercise are included in the manual.

1. Manual 1 for Technician (Basic Electrical Engineering) 2. Manual 2 for Technician (Construction Work) 3. Manual 3 for Technician (Safety Countermeasure) 4. Manual 4 for Technician (Maintenance Work) 5. Manual 5 for Technician (Practical Training)

(4) Preparation of Textbooks for Technical Staff

JICA expert created the textbook for technician on August 31, 2012 and no comment was made by core-trainers. Since there was no budget for printing and bookbinding in EWSA, printing and binding of textbooks were made by JICA project team and distributed to all participants.

Textbook have been distributed for training-course-wise for 1st, 2nd and 3rd training session, however, complete textbook was distributed from fourth training session.

GIS training course was added from 3rd training session. and the textbook was prepared by GIS engineers.

Textbook is prepared for following courses.

1. Textbook 1 for Technician (Basic Electrical Engineering) 2. Textbook 2 for Technician (Construction Work) 3. Textbook 3 for Technician (Safety Countermeasure) 4. Textbook 4 for Technician (Maintenance Work) 5. Textbook 5 for Technician (Practical Training) 6. Textbook 6 for Technician(GIS practice training)

Photo 2.3.2 Textbook

(5) Equipment and Facilities for Engineer Training

1. Installation of Distribution Training Facility

The distribution training facility was installed in the Training Center. This is the model facility of MV and LV overhead distribution lines.

25

Layout arrangement plan and side view are shown in Figs. 2.3.1 and 2.3.2, respectively.

Fig. 2.3.1 Layout of distribution training facility in Training Center

Fig. 2.3.2 Side view of the distribution training facility

26

2. Construction Materials of Distribution Training Facility

Stones for construction were procured by EWSA. And construction work was done by EWSA technicians.

Table 2.3.3 Construction materials of the distribution training facility No. Item Specification quantities 1-1 Poles wooden,12m, 200mm diameter 2 1-2 Poles concrete,12m, 190-350mm diameter

with Step bolt 2

1-3 Cross arm Channel 100*50*50*1200 (hot dip galvanized)

6

1-4 Cross arm brace L-40*40*753

(hot dip galvanized)

6

1-5 Bolt & nut, M16*40(hot dip galvanized) W/square washer

4

1-6 Bolt & nut M16*360(hot dip galvanized) W/square washer

20

1-7 Pin insulator 15kV 7 1-8 Composite strain insulator 15kV 7 1-9 Stay With wire,insulator, and Block 2

1-10 Lightning arrester 9kV-36kV 4 1-11 Earthing rod 15mm dia*1.2m 5 1-12 Earthing wire 100mm2 (50m) 1 1-13 Cable 15kV CVT50mm2 -3core(100m) 1 1-14 Cable ABC cable 3*35+5.5mm2 (200m) 1 1-15 Wire MV line ACSR 120/12mm2 (120m) 1 1-16 Protection pipe for cable steel pipe 5m, 150φ 1 1-17 Switch gear For MV, with support

11/33kv OUTDOOR GANG ISOLATOR SWITCH

1

1-18 Arm tie-band 10 1-19 Eye bolt/nut M16 7 1-20 Preformed dead-end grip 70mm2 7 1-21 Thimble 70mm2 7 1-22 Preformed insulator tie 7 1-23 Support for ABC cable Tension hook assembly with Accessories

2

1-24 Support for ABC cable Suspension fitting with Accessories 2 1-25 Bolt & nut, M16*40(hot dip galvanized)

W/square washer 4

1-26 C type clamp Aluminume 120mm2 7 1-27 Elastic ladder 5m, for pole rise and fall 2

27

3. Provision of Safety Appliances

Safety appliances were stored in the practical room at Training Center.

Table 2.3.4 Safety appliances No. Item Specification quantities 2-1 Safety helmet for electrician, EWSA spec. 25 2-2 Working ware for electrician, EWSA spec. 25 2-3 Tools holder tool box 8 2-4 Safety belt for electrician, EWSA spec. 25 2-5 Auxiliary rope add to Safety belt 25 2-6 Working glove insulated thermo sock 25 2-7 Pole climber for wooden, with shoes 8

4. Provision of Measuring Instruments for Maintenance

Measuring instruments for maintenance were stored in the practical room at Training Center.

Table 2.3.5 Measuring instruments No. Item Specification quantities 3-1 Tester Digital multi tester,

DC 600V, AC 600V, DC 10A, AC 10A, 400~40Ω

8

3-2 Clamp meter current, possible to 300A 8 3-3 Clamp meter current, possible to 1000A 8 3-4 Data logger AC500mA-1000A,1-30sec,1-60min.

with Clamp senser 200A,500A 8

3-5 Insulation tester 250V-1000V 8 3-6 Earth tester 0-1000Ω,0-30V, Yokogawa 8 3-7 high-voltage detector 22~33kV 8 3-8 AC voltage detector 40~600V 8 3-9 Phase-sequence indicator 3phase AC100~600V 8

3-10 Binocular telescope Ten magnifications 8

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5. Provision of Tools for Electric Works and Training Materials

Tools for electric works and the training materials were stored in the practical room at Training Center.

Table 2.3.6 Tools for electric works and the training materials No. Item Specification quantities 4-1 Tool box and tools Box 450*270*230 (double door), nippers,

pliers, drivers (+,- ), spanner(1set), knife, monkey wrench,cutting pliers,measure

8

4-2 Gas torch with fuel 8 4-3 cable end treatment 22kV CV 50mm2-3core 80 4-4 cable (or wire)joint Resin pouring type 80 4-5 Cabinet made of metal W1200 D500 H2200 with Key 5

4-6 Crimping tool head 8~100mm2, connect with hydrauric pump 8 4-7 compression tool use range 10-60mm2 8 4-8 cable cutter head open edge 100mm, connect with hydrauric

pump 8

4-9 hydraulic pump oil pressure hose with connectors added 8 4-10 Sticking-by-pressure

sleeve 35mm2 (300pcs),5.5mm2(100pcs) 1

6. Assembling of training equipment for electrical measurement

The measuring device for voltage, current, and phase rotation, etc. was assembled.

Fig.2.3.3 Gadget for measurement of electricity

Photo 2.3.3 Measuring of current

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(6) Implementation of On-Site Practical Trainings by Core-Trainers to Train Engineers and Technicians

The distribution technician training by core-trainers has started in October, 2012, and was carried out 5 times by the end of October, 2013.

In practical training, technicians have practiced proper usage of measurement instrument and apparatus which were provided by JICA.

Table 2.3.7 Distribution Technician Training by the core-trainers

No. Training name Period The number of participants 1 The 1st session of Distribution Technician Training 2012/10/08 – 10/18 15

2 The 2nd session of Distribution Technician Training 2013/01/21 – 01/31 14

3 The 3rd session of Distribution Technician Training 2013/03/11 – 03/23 22

4 The 4th session of Distribution Technician Training 2013/06/17 – 06/28 16

5 The 5th session of Distribution Technician Training 2013/10/14 – 10/25 14

GIS training course was added from the 3rd session.

From the 3rd session, site-visit training was added to the course of construction work.

The details of each training course are described in the following "Training Report on Distribution Systems."

1. Training Report on Distribution Systems 1st Session Technician Training 2. Training Report on Distribution Systems 2nd Session Technician Training 3. Training Report on Distribution Systems 4th Session Technician Training 4. Training Report on Distribution Systems 5th Session Technician Training

Since the 3rd session of training was performed during a JICA expert was absent, therefore, no report has been prepared.

(7) Evaluating and Feedback of Effects of Trainer’s Training and Ability of the Core-Trainers by the Training Evaluation Team

Since EWSA reshuffle personnel frequently, establish of training evaluation team was impossible. JICA experts monitored and evaluated core trainers by using following evaluation forms.

Evaluation form of Trainer-A : Performance in trainer's training Evaluation form of Trainer-B : Performance in technician training in distribution system Evaluation form for Site-work

(8) Revision of the Manuals and the Textbooks to Improve the Training Quality.

The textbook and manual for technician training were revised at each training session, that is, four-times revision have been made in five sessions.

30

Photo 2.3.4 Textbook and Manual (version 4)

(9) Provision of instruments to facilitate training effect

In order to utilize skills which learned in the training and facilitate the training effect, following instruments were provided to EWSA. These instruments were distributed to all 23 Branches in whole Rwanda.

It is expected to record 1) voltage, 2) current, 3) grounding resistance, and 4) insulation resistance for maintenance and management of equipment.

Table 2.3.8 Measurement instruments for maintenance

No. Item Specification quantities Number/

Branch

T-1 Digital multi tester Digital Multi-meter 35 1(+12)

T-2 Digital Pincer-shaped Meter DT266 Clump Meter 23 1

T-3 Digital Insulation tester Digital Insulation tester 23 1

T-4 Earth Resistance tester Earth Resistance Tester 23 1

T-5 Low-voltage detector Pen Detector 69 2

T-6 Phase-sequence indicator Motor Path rotation Indicator 23 1

Activity in First Project Year (March 2011 to March 2012)

(1) Site Visit

To know the status of operation and maintenance of existing distribution facilities, site visits to Renema, Gikondo, Kanombe, Nyamirambo antenna station and Huye, Gicumbi, Muhanga,

31

Rwamagana branch office, were conducted. Also, site visit to TTC (Tumba Technical College) was conducted to know the status of training curriculum and training facilities.

(2) Collection of data and information

He collected data and information on distribution network, design criteria, etc. to know the current status at branch offices.

(3) EWSA Training Center

He visited EWSA Training Center in Kigali to confirm the existing training facilities and training program.

(4) Preparation of Training Curriculum

He prepared the draft training curriculum based on the current situation of distribution systems. And also, he explained the work plan and training program, which were confirmed at the JCC meeting, to the counterpart.

(5) Preparation of List of Equipment and Tools

The equipment list of necessary materials for trainer’s training and for training for technical staffs was prepared.

(6) Explanation to the Counterpart

He explained the work plan to the counterpart and showed them draft curriculum and list of equipment and tools.

(7) Preparation of Schedule of Trainer’s Training

He discussed with trainers candidates to start the trainer’s training and prepared the trainer’s training program.

(8) Preparation of Training Schedule for 2012

He prepared training program for 2012, including syllabus of training and textbooks.

(9) Cost Estimation of Equipment and Materials for Training

He prepared the drawing of outdoor overhead training facility and estimated the required materials. Also, he estimated necessary measuring instrument for the training in 2012. He requested quotation to the prospective supplier and collected bid price and submitted to JICA Rwanda office.

(10) Trainer’s Training

The trainer’s training was conducted in total 12 training sessions from September 21, 2011 to November 17, 2011. Remaining part of the planned curriculum will be implemented in the next term.

(11) Preparation of Materials for Training

(12) Cost Estimation of Equipment and Materials for Training Facility

He collected quotation of the materials and equipment for distribution training facilities and submitted to JICA Rwanda Office.

32

Activity in Second Project Year (April 2012 to March 2013)

(1) Support for procurement of training facilities and operation check. (2) Planning and implementation of trainer’s training (5 training from May 30 to Jun.14, 2014). (3) Review of textbook and preparation of exercises. (4) Preparation of textbook for training. (5) Preparation for 3rd Regular meeting. (6) Modification of PDM. (7) Correspondence for interview of interim evaluation. (8) Preparation of the 2nd JCC meeting. (9) Planning of 1st technician training and preparation of textbook. (10) Operating check of measurement instruments. (11) Draft of the trainer’s manual. (12) Implementation of trainer’s training (Practice) (in total 3 training from Sep.20 to Oct.5,

2012). (13) Construction of the training facilities stated from Sep. 25, 2013. (14) Implementation of evaluation of work status at site before training.

The Evaluation before training was carried out at three branches on October 2nd, 2012. (15) Preparation for 1st distribution technician training (Oct. 8, 2012 to Oct. 18, 2012). (16) Checking of procurement status of materials. (17) Planning for 2nd Distribution Technician Training. (18) Support for revision of textbooks and manuals. (19) Improvement of training method. (20) Preparation of specification of maintenance equipment and those management system. (21) Preparation for the 2nd distribution technician training (Jan. 21, 2013 to Jan. 31, 2013). (22) Supporting for the preparation of 3rd technician training.

Activity in Third Project Year (April 2013 to November 2013)

(1) Preparation of training needs assessment report (distribution system). (2) Review meeting on the 3rd technician training. (3) Revision of the timetable, curriculum, and reviewing of textbook. (4) Preparation for 4th distribution technician training and revision of textbook. (5) Support for 6th regular meeting. (6) Implementation of On Site Training (Huye). (7) Preparation for 4th distribution technician training (Jun. 17, 2013 to Jun. 28, 2013). (8) Preparation of core trainers/core engineers training report (distribution system). (9) Site visit (Rwinkwavu and Musha Substations). (10) Confirmation of delivery of the maintenance instrument supplied by JICA. (11) Revision of textbook and manual. (12) Preparation for 6th Regular meeting. (13) Preparation of training materials (test circuit for measurement of voltage, current, phase

rotation). (14) Preparation of 5th distribution technician training. (15) Conferment of certificate of recognition to core-trainers. (16) Correspondence for interview of Terminal Evaluation. (17) Participation for 3rd JCC meeting.

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2.3.2 Transmission Systems

(1) Preparation of Syllabus and Curriculum for Trainings of Core-Engineers

Syllabus of training of core engineers of transmission systems is shown in Table-2.3.9. However, the training was not implemented in accordance with this syllabus due to the following reasons.

The first group of trainees was nominated from many department accordingly it was required to gave an explanation on the basic issues of transmission systems. The second group of trainees was nominated from both transmission and distribution units, however, trainees who are in charge of transmission systems were not be able to attend the class due to their too much routine works.

Participation of core engineers to the training program outside Rwanda.

Table-2.3.9 Syllabus of Training of Transmission Systems

(1) General Explanation Course Contents Remarks

General

explanation Work flow of transmission line construction which include : - Reconnaissance - Route survey - Design - Construction Also, the following flowcharts are to be used.

a. General flow b. Design c. Construction work

(2) Route Survey Course Contents Remarks

Reconnaissance Reconnaissance will be conducted based on the tentative route map and ;

- To survey of passing-over 1) main road, 2) railway, 3) other high voltage line, etc.

- To conduct comparison to alternative route - To collect necessary data and information

Route survey To construct the transmission line economically and with high reliability, the following survey will be conducted.

- Center line survey - Plane survey - Profile survey - Topographical survey at tower site - Estimation of soil condition (SPT will b made for

the detailed design of tower foundation)

Survey on environmental impact

The transmission line route should be selected to minimize the impact on environment, such as ;

- Noise, vibration

- Houses to be re-located - Livestock barn, poultry house

34

- Road traffic - Surrounding soil - Ground water - Rivers - Radio, TVs - Fauna and flora

Acquisition of right-of-way

Acquisition of right-of-way will be started together with route survey. (minor change of route may arise during detailed design)

Tower spotting The tower spotting will be conducted during route survey at site

Determination of tower type, height

The tower type and height will tentatively determined at site during site survey.

Soil investigation

Soil investigation will be conducted to get the soil data for foundation design)

(3) Design

Course Contents Remarks

Determination of basic condition

The following basic condition will be studied and decision will be made actual design.

- Insulation design - Estimation of pollution level - Number of insulator discs - Safety clearance above ground - Conductor height above ground - Kind and size of conductor - Strung condition - Conductor height above ground - Wind load for structure and conductor

Insulation design

The insulation design is to be made based on the following condition:

- Pollution level (IEC- - Transmission line voltage - Effect of altitude - etc.

Safety clearance above ground

Electric field should be confirmed from the viewpoint of WHO guideline

Selection of

conductor

Conductor is selected based on the followings : - Ampacity (current carrying capacity) - Gradient of electric potential

Tower configuration & design

Tower configuration suitable for the results of insulation design. A clearance diagram is the basic to decide the tower configuration.

Plan and profile drawing

Plan and profile drawings, which are prepared as site work during route survey are to be finalized after decision of tower site and tower type.

Tower design Tower design is to me made by using load condition of conductors and wind load.

Tower foundation

Tower foundation suitable for the soil condition, which is obtained from soil investigation results, is to be designed.

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Bill of quantity The required materials are to be estimated based on the design mentioned before.

- Number of steel towers (type-wise) - Length of conductors and ground wires - Number of insulator string - Number of accessories such as damper, armour rods,

etc.

Sag calculation Sag calculation is to be made: - Parabolic approximation - Catenary approximation

(4) Construction Work

Course Contents Remarks

Explanation of work flow of construction work

Explanation of work flow of construction work starting from batter board, excavation, etc. to final inspection will be introduced by the photographs which had been taken during the actual supervision/monitoring work.

Batter board This is the basic work for foundation work. This should be carefully checked following issues;

- Formation level of each leg - Direction of each leg - etc.

Excavation, leveling concrete

Excavation should be carefully made to avoid over-excavation. Leveling concrete is to be placed for the easy stub setting of foundation members

Stub setting Stub setting should carefully made. Errors in dimension should be within the specified value.

- Bottom dimension (face, diagonal) - Top dimension (face, diagonal) - Inclination

Re-bar arrangement, form work

The re-bar arrangement should be according to the drawing. The size, number of re-bar and spacing among re-bars should be according to the drawing.

Concrete placing, removal of forms

Concrete should be according to the concrete mixing table and the slump shall not exceed specified value. Segregation of concrete is not permitted.

Removal of forms and Backfilling

Removal of form is to be made after specified period. The workmanship of concrete should be checked just after the removing on form of concrete. Cracks, MAME should be prepared.

Tower erection, bolt tightening

Tower erection, bolt tightening.

Stringing work Stringing work should be planned based on the following conditions;

- Location for installation of puller and - Maximum allowable tension during stringing

Sagging work Sagging work should be made based on the sag table.

Final inspection Final inspection may include ; - Sag at typical span

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- Confirmation of insulator string including space of arcing horn

- Space between jumper and tower members - etc.

(5) Patrol

Course Contents Remarks

Implementation of patrol

The patrol is conducted regularly or at a proper time to find out every possible obstruction on transmission line facilities, and to take proper action to keep the facilities sound condition.

Classification, objective and frequency of patrol

Explained the following; - Regular patrol - Routine patrol - Specific patrol - etc.

Regular patrol Investigate the existence or nonexistence of defect on the transmission line facility itself and abnormal condition in surroundings nearby.

Routine patrol Investigate the existence or nonexistence of defect on the transmission line facility itself and abnormal condition in surroundings nearby.

Specific patrol Mainly investigate the existence of abnormal condition in surroundings nearby.

Preventive patrol

When the faults are likely to occur due to unusual weather condition.

Patrol at line fault

Should be conducted just after the fault occurrence to confirm the existence or nonexistence of defect on transmission line facilities.

(6) Inspection

Course Contents Remarks

Implementation of inspection

The inspection is conducted so as to confirm the existence or nonexistence of defect on the transmission line facilities, and proper countermeasures should be made if defect is found on the facilities.

Classification, objective and frequency of inspection

Explained the following;

- Regular inspection

- Initial inspection

- Preventive inspection

Regular inspection

Confirm the existence or nonexistence of defect on intended facilities by conducting detailed inspection.

Initial inspection

Confirm the existence or nonexistence of initial defect for the required range of newly constructed facilities by conducting detailed inspection.

Preventive inspection

When defect on the facility is found, or it is considered that the defect likely be found, confirm the existence or

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nonexistence of defect on the facility by conducting detailed inspection on necessary scope and items.

(7) Site Inspection

Course Contents Remarks

Purpose Site investigation is conducted when the cause of defect has not been confirmed during patrol/inspection, and to collect necessary information for the maintenance or repair work.

Maintenance investigation

Confirm the extent of defect and unfold the cause of defect, and collect necessary information required for maintenance work.

Preventive investigation

Collect the necessary information to prevent the fault from occurring

(8) Substation

Course Contents Remarks

Substation grounding

Substation grounding is to be designed based on the guideline of IEEE-80-2000. Sample calculation of IEEE-80 will be introduced.

Protection system

To be considered.

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Title

Mr. Claver Gakwavu Head of Electricity Planning and Statistics, Electricity Utility

NamePower Operation and Maintenance Unit

Mr. Kayitarisangu Charles Power Operation and Maintenance Unit

Mr. Tulinduga Emmanuel Kigali StationMr. Nzeyiyana Bonaventure

Mr. Kimenyi Vedaste

Ms. Jane Uwera Renewable Energy, GeothermalMs. Bernadette Ngirankugire Renewable Energy, Geothermal

Electricity Infrastructure Development

Ms. Alphonsine Hagenimana Electriciy Utility

(2) Implementation of Core-Engineer’s Training by Japanese Expert

Training of core engineers was implemented in the following issues, however, training on issues which is not included in the syllabus are also implemented. Also, site visits are made as a part of training of core engineers.

Activity in First Project Year (March 2011 to December 2011)

Flowchart of transmission lines (Summary of transmission line, Design, Construction and Selection of foundation type.)

Construction of 220kV transmission lines Construction of 220kV switching station Relevant standards and loss calculation of MV lines Calculation method of strength of electrostatic fields under transmission line Calculation of allowable current of bare conductors Calculation of sag and tension of conductor in the short span length Height correction factor in the insulation design

Also, site visits were implemented as a part of training.

Karongi substation, Kibuye substation, Methane gas power generating plant (under construction)

EWSA stores of equipment and materials Trainees for the first year were shown in Table-2.

Trainees are as Table-2.3.10.

Table-2.3.10 List of Trainees (for first year)

Activity in Second Project Year (May 2012 to March 2013)

Training on the following issues was implemented.

Per Unit Method Line Constants Power System Network Equation Load Flow Analysis Four Terminal Constants Transmission Capacity ACSR Specification (BS, DIN, ASTM)

Also, site visits to the following places were implemented.

Kivu Gas Power generating Plant Rukarara-2 Hydropower Power Plant

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Name Position Department

Mr. Kimenyi Vedaste Head of Transmission of PowerOperation andMaintenance

Mr. Kayitarisangu Charles Engineer Power Operation andMaintenance Unit

Mr. Claver Gakuwavu Head of Electricity Planning andStatistics, ElectricityUtility

Ms. Alphonsine Hagenimana Civil Engineer Electriciy UtilityMr. Tulinduga Emmanuel Electrical Engineer Kigali Station

Mr. Bonaventure NZEYIYANA Engineer of Electricity InfrastructureDevelopment

Ms. Bernadette Ngirankugire Electrical Engineer Geothermal UnitMs. Jane Uwera Electrical Engineer Geothermal Unit

Mr. HABINEZA Frederic Supervisor ofHV transmission linemaintenance

Mr. NDAYIZEYE Gerard Head of N/W protection /ETU/Mr. NDIRAMIYE Simon Joseph Local counterpart in transmission dispatchMr. DUSABE Anaclet Local counterpart in transmission dispatch

Construction work of tower foundation (Kibuye) Stringing work of transmission line (Kibuye) Mukungwa, Ntaruka hydropower plant Nyabarongo Hydropower Plant (under construction) Rural Electrification Project area Construction work of MV lines in Huye

Trainees are as Table-2.3.11.

Table-2.3.11 List of Trainees (for second year)

Activity in Third Project Year (May 2013 to February 2014)

a. Patrol and Inspection of Existing 70kV Transmission Line

Musha and Rwinkwavu substations, which were being constructed as a part of Japanese Grant Aid Project, are planned to operate at 110kV system voltage, therefore, it is required to operate existing transmission line between Birembo and Rwinkwavu substations with system voltage of 110kV. This transmission has been planned to be upgraded to 110kV without any modification, patrol and inspection should be implemented before the upgrading of system voltage for the replacement of broken insulator discs. At last, patrol and inspection of the transmission line was decided to implement as a part of training of core engineers of transmission systems as shown in Table 2.3.12.

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No. Date Section Towers Participants1 2013-12-24 (Tue) Kabarondo - Rwinkwavu Mr. HABINEZA Frederic, Transmission Engineer

No. 360 - No. 385 Mr. Tulinduga Emmanuel, Distribution EngineerMr. Butera Laurent, Local counterpart

(26 towers) Mr. Y. Kudo, JICA Project TeamMr. Peter Chamfya

2 2013-12-30 (Mon) Birembo - Gasogi (1/2) No. 228 - No. 207 Mr. B