The PTSA Report.pdf · The Tourism Satellite Account: Recommended Methodological Framework 2008 (TSA: RMF 2008) provides the updated common conceptual framework for constructing a

The Philippine Tourism Satellite Accounts (PTSA) Report

is an annual publication prepared by the Macroeconomic Accounts Service

of the PHILIPPINE STATISTICS AUTHORITY (PSA).

TERMS OF USE OF PSA PUBLICATIONS

The PSA reserves its exclusive right to reproduce all its publications in whatever form. ●

Any part of this publication should not be reproduced, recopied, lent or repackaged for

other parties for any commercial purposes without written permission from the PSA. ● Any

part of this publication may only be reproduced for internal use of the recipient/customer

company. ● Should any portion of the data in this publication are to be included in a

report/article, the source of the data, the title of the publication and the PSA as publisher

should always be cited. ● Any information derived from the manipulation of data contained

in the publication will no longer be the responsibility of PSA.

ISSN-2704-338X

Published by the

Philippine Statistics Authority

Three Cyberpod Centris,

EDSA cor. Quezon Avenue, Quezon City

Philippines.

June 2019

The Philippine Tourism Satellite Accounts (PTSA) Report is available in printed

and electronic formats. For details, please contact us at (+632) 376-1954 or at

[email protected].

Philippine Tourism Satellite Accounts, 2018


Table of Contents

Page Foreword Introduction 1-1 Philippine Efforts in the Development of TSA 2-2 Inbound Tourism Expenditure 3-4 Domestic Tourism Expenditure 4-5 Outbound Tourism Expenditure 5-6 Internal Tourism Expenditure 7-7 Gross Value Added of Tourism Industries (GVATI) 8-9 Tourism Industries Direct Gross Value Added (TDGVA) 9-9 Employment in Tourism Industries 9-10 Tourism Related Indicators 11-12 2018 PTSA Tables 13-25 Standard symbols, units of measure, and acronyms used in this publication

27-27

Technical Notes Concepts and Definitions 29-31 Framework of the Philippine Tourism Satellite Accounts 31-32 TSA Tables and Accounts 32-32 Sources of Basic Data 33-33 Estimation Methodology 34-35


1

Philippine Tourism Satellite Accounts 2018

Introduction Tourism plays a significant role on the social, economic and environmental development and cultural landscape of the country. To provide basis for effective and efficient policy research, monitoring, analysis and development of the industry, there is a need to measure the economic contribution of tourism. The Tourism Satellite Account (TSA) is a standard statistical framework and the main tool for the economic measurement of tourism. It was developed by the World Tourism Organization (UNWTO), the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), the Statistical Office of the European Communities (Eurostat) and the United Nations Statistics Division. The Tourism Satellite Account: Recommended Methodological Framework 2008 (TSA: RMF 2008) provides the updated common conceptual framework for constructing a TSA. It adopts the basic system of the System of National Accounts 2008 (SNA 2008), the international standard for a systematic summary of national economic activity, from a functional perspective.1 In an effort to measure the economic contribution of tourism, the Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA) approved the methodology for the compilation of the Philippine Tourism Satellite Accounts (PTSA) through Board Resolution No. 01, Series of 2017 – 148. Moreover, it provides for the endorsement of budget for the continued improvement of PTSA and for the conduct of the required surveys. It also enjoins the data source agencies of the PTSA to provide data support and improve their data collection system.

1

(OECD, “Tourism Satellite Account: Recommended Methodological Framework,

https://www.oecd.org/cfe/tourism/tourismsatelliteaccountrecommendedmethodlogicalframework.html))


2

Philippine Efforts in the Development of TSA The earliest efforts to identify the impact of tourism activities to the Philippine economy date back to 1988. In the said year, the National Statistical Coordination (NSCB) provided funds and technical assistance to the Department of Tourism (DOT) to study the contribution of tourism to GDP using Input-Output Tables. In 1996, the NSCB, DOT and the World Travel & Tourism Council (WTTC) produced the second estimate examining the contribution of travel and tourism to country's economic output. The estimation methodology was developed by the Wharton Econometric Forecasting Association, under the direction of the WTTC. The first concrete step in the establishment of the Tourism Satellite Accounts for the Philippines was taken in 1997, when the Inter-Agency Committee on the Development of a Satellite Account on Tourism (IAC-DSAT) was created. Two years later, the NSCB created its Development Satellite Accounts (DSAT) team, which produced initial PTSA estimates covering the period 1994 to 1998. In 2003, the IAC-DSAT was reconstituted to form the Inter-Agency Committee on Tourism Statistics (IAC-TS), expanding the function of the committee to cover other tourism-related data in support for the PTSA. The resolution adopting official methodology for the compilation of the PTSA was approved in 2009. In 2016, the latest Philippine Tourism Statistical Classification System (PTSCS) was approved. This classification system is in line with the 2009 Philippine Standard Industrial Classification, and is the classification being employed by the PTSA today.


3

Inbound Tourism Expenditure Inbound tourism refers to tourism of non-resident visitors (foreign visitors and nationals permanently residing abroad) within the economic territory of the country of reference. The total inbound tourism expenditure in 2018 amounted to PhP 441.4 billion or 1.6 percent lower than PhP 448.6 billion in the previous year.

Among the seven tourism characteristic products, accommodation services for visitors makes up the highest share of inbound tourism expenditures at 25.6 percent. It was followed by food and beverage serving services and transport services at 23.8 percent and 22.7 percent, respectively. Entertainment and recreation services shared 14.5 percent while country-specific tourism characteristic services (shopping) contributed 10.9 percent. The remaining 2.5 percent was shared by travel agencies and other reservation services (0.6 percent) and miscellaneous (e.g. financial and medical services) products (1.9 percent).

Accommodation

25.6%

Food and

beverage

23.8%Transport

22.7%

Entertainment and

recreation

14.5%

Shopping

10.9%

Miscellaneous

1.9%

Travel agencies

and other

reservation

0.6%

FIGURE 1 Percent Share of Inbound Tourism Expenditures by Product: 2018


4

Meanwhile, expenditures on travel agencies and other reservation services leaped by 80.6 percent in 2018. The remaining tourism products recorded increases: miscellaneous products by 13.6 percent and both accommodation services for visitors and transport services by 9.4 percent (See Table 1).

Domestic Tourism Expenditure Domestic tourism refers to tourism of resident visitors within the economic territory of the country of reference. The domestic tourism expenditure reached PhP 3.2 trillion in 2018. This grew by 21.0 percent from the 2017 expenditure of PhP 2.6 trillion.

In 2018, PhP 1.2 trillion (35.9 percent) was attributed to expenditures on miscellaneous products such as foreign exchange services and medical services. This was followed by accommodation services for visitors amounting to PhP 681.4 billion (21.3 percent) and shopping at PhP 463.9 billion (14.5 percent). Meanwhile, the domestic tourism expenditure for transport services amounted to PhP 325.6 billion (10.2 percent).

Miscellaneous

35.9%

Accommodation

21.3%

Shopping

14.5%

Transport

10.2%

Travel agencies

and other

reservation

6.6%

Food and

beverage

6.0%

Entertainment and

recreation

5.5%

FIGURE 2 Percent Share of Domestic Tourism Expenditures by Product: 2018


5

The rest of the domestic tourism expenditure products contributed as follows: travel agencies and other reservation services with PhP 211.4 billion (6.6 percent), food and beverage serving services PhP 192.5 billion (6.0 percent), and entertainment and recreation services with PhP 175.1 billion (5.5 percent). Unlike inbound tourism expenditure, domestic tourism expenditure on all tourism characteristic products gained positive growth in 2018, but at a slower pace compared to 2017. The food and beverage serving services had the highest increase of 23.0 percent, followed closely by the remaining expenditure items: transport services at 22.7 percent, miscellaneous products at 21.1 percent, travel agencies and other reservation services at 20.6 percent, and entertainment and recreation services at 17.4 percent (See Table 2).

Outbound Tourism Expenditure Outbound tourism refers to tourism of resident visitors outside the economic territory of the country of reference. The total outbound tourism expenditure of the country in years is consistently below the total expenditure of inbound tourism and total expenditure of domestic tourism. Total outbound expenditure in 2018 was recorded at PhP 325.0 billion or 8.4 percent higher than PhP 299.7 billion in 2017. Spending on accommodation services for visitors accounted for bulk of the total outbound tourism expenditure amounting to PhP 92.6 billion (28.5 percent). It was followed by country-specific tourism characteristic services (shopping) at an amount equal to PhP 63.8 billion (19.6 percent). The contributions of the remaining tourism characteristic products are as follows:

food and beverage serving services - PhP 50.8 billion (15.6 percent);

entertainment and recreation services - PhP 45.7 billion (14.1 percent);

miscellaneous products - PhP 31.3 billion (9.6 percent);

transport services - PhP 23.4 billion (7.2 percent); and


6

travel agencies and other reservation services - PhP 17.3 billion (5.3 percent).

Total outbound tourism expenditure for all tourism characteristic products incurred positive growths in 2018. Arranged from highest to lowest, the growth rates by product are as follows:

miscellaneous products by 10.3 percent;

travel agencies and other reservation services by 9.6 percent;

country-specific tourism characteristic services (shopping) by 9.4 percent;

entertainment and recreation services by 8.4 percent;

accommodation services for visitors by 8.0 percent;

food and beverage serving services by 7.2 percent; and

transport services by 7.0 percent. (See Table 3 for levels, growth rates and percent shares of total outbound tourism expenditure by products, 2012 to 2018.)

Accommodation

services for

visitors

28%

Shopping

20%Food and

beverage serving

services

16%

Entertainment and

recreation

services

14%

Miscellaneous

10%

Transport

services

7%

Travel agencies

and other

reservation

services

5%

FIGURE 3 Percent Share of Outbound Tourism Expenditures by Product: 2018


7

Internal Tourism Expenditure Internal tourism refers to the combined inbound tourism and domestic tourism. In 2018, internal tourism expenditure of the country reached PhP 3.6 trillion or 17.7 percent higher than PhP 3.1 trillion in 2017. Expenditures from domestic tourism accounted for 87.9 percent of total internal tourism spending. The top three (3) tourism characteristic products which accounted for the biggest internal tourism expenditure in 2018 are as follows: miscellaneous products with 31.8 percent share, accommodation services for visitors with 21.8 percent share, and country-specific tourism characteristic services (shopping) with 14.1 percent share. Higher growths of internal tourism expenditure in 2018 are recorded as follows: both travel agencies and other reservation services and miscellaneous products grew by 21.1 percent, while accommodation services for visitors and transport services increased by 19.7 percent and 19.3 percent, respectively (See Table 4).

-

200,000

400,000

600,000

800,000

1,000,000

1,200,000

1,400,000

Accommodation Food andbeverage

Transport Travel agenciesand other

reservation

Entertainmentand recreation

Shopping Miscellaneous

in m

illio

n p

es

os

FIGURE 4 Internal Tourism Expenditures: 2018

INBOUND DOMESTIC


8

Gross Value Added of Tourism Industries (GVATI) GVATI was derived based on Production Accounts of Tourism Industries and Other Industries and Total Domestic Supply and Internal Tourism Consumption. The total Gross Value Added of Tourism Industries in 2018 amounted to PhP 2.9 trillion or 10.8 percent higher than PhP 2.6 trillion a year ago.

In 2018, the seven tourism characteristic industries, arranged from highest to lowest, registered the following GVATI and percent shares (See Table 5):

transport services – PhP 627.5 billion (21.9 percent);

food and beverage serving services – PhP 612.6 billion (21.3 percent);

entertainment and recreation services – PhP 572.8 billion (19.9 percent);

accommodation services for visitors – PhP 416.3 billion (14.5 percent);

miscellaneous – PhP 312.9 billion (10.9 percent);

Transport

22%

Food and

beverage

21%

Entertainment and

recreation

20%

Accommodation

14%

Miscellaneous

11%

Shopping

7%

Travel agencies

and other

reservation

5%

FIGURE 5 Percent Share of Gross Value Added of Tourism Industries (GVATI): 2018


9

shopping – PhP 197.1 billion (6.9 percent); and

travel agencies and other reservation services – PhP 132.1 billion (4.6 percent).

Tourism Industries Direct Gross Value Added (TDGVA) TDGVA was derived based on Production Accounts of Tourism Industries and Other Industries and Total Domestic Supply and Internal Tourism Consumption. The total Tourism Industries Direct Gross Value Added in 2018 amounted to PhP 2.2 trillion or 14.3 percent higher than PhP 1.9 trillion in the previous year. It consists of: PhP 1.9 trillion (84.3 percent) tourism characteristic products and PhP 0.3 trillion (15.7 percent) other products. Meanwhile, tourism characteristic products have the following levels and percent shares (See Table 6):



shopping – PhP 283.9 billion (12.9 percent);



travel agencies and other reservation services – PhP 132.1 billion (6.0 percent); and

food and beverage serving services – PhP 91.0 billion (4.1 percent).

Employment in Tourism Industries The country had a total employment of 41.2 million in 2018. Out of this total, 5.4 million (13.0 percent) was contributed by tourism industries, growing by 1.8 percent from its 2017 level of 5.3 million.


10

The 2018 total employment and growth rates of tourism characteristic industries (2017-2018) are as follows (See Table 7):

passenger transport – 2.0 million with 2.7 percent growth rate;

accommodation and food and beverage – 1.7 million, declining by 0.6 percent;

miscellaneous – 829 thousand with 0.4 growth rate;

recreation, entertainment and cultural services – 370 thousand with 13.9 growth rate;

retail trade on tourism-characteristic goods – 352 thousand with 1.1 growth rate; and

travel agents, tour operators and tourism guides – 38 thousand with 8.8 growth rate.

Passenger

transport

38%

Accommodation

and food and

beverage

32%

Miscellaneous

15%

Recreation,

entertainment and

cultural services

7%

Retail trade on

tourism-

characteristic

goods

7%

Travel Agents, tour

operators and

tourism guides

1%

FIGURE 6 Percent Share of Employment in Tourism Industries: 2018


11

Tourism Related Indicators Tourism Direct Gross Value Added (TDGVA) and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) The contribution of the tourism industries in the economy is measured by the share of TDGVA to the GDP. In 2018, the tourism industries contributed 12.7 percent, 0.5 percentage point higher than its 12.2 percent contribution in the previous year. Inbound Tourism Expenditure and Exports Inbound tourism expenditure refers to the expenditure of non-resident visitors (foreign visitors and Filipinos permanently residing abroad) within the Philippines. It declined by 1.6 percent in 2018. Its share to exports equals to 8.0 percent or 1.1 percentage points lower than its share of 9.1 percent in 2017. Domestic Tourism Expenditure and Household Final Consumption Expenditure (HFCE) Domestic tourism expenditure includes expenditure of resident visitors within the country either as domestic trip or part of an international trip. It grew by 21.0 percent in 2018, lower than the 25.5 percent growth in the previous year. This represents PhP 3.2 trillion from last year’s level of PhP 2.6 trillion. The domestic tourism expenditure accounted for 24.9 percent of PhP 12.9 trillion HFCE in 2018. Internal Tourism Expenditure vis-a-vis HFCE and Exports The internal tourism, which is the sum of inbound tourism and domestic tourism, amounted to PhP 3.6 trillion in 2018. It accounted for 19.8 percent of the combined HFCE and exports amounting to PhP 18.4 trillion in the same year. Compared to its share in the previous year, it is higher by 1.1 percentage points.


12

Employment of Tourism Industries vis-à-vis Total Employment In 2018, the tourism employment equal to 5.4 million persons contributed 13.0 percent to the total employment of the country equal to 41.2 million persons. Although this share is lower by 0.1 percentage point than the 13.1 percent share in the previous year, it had registered positive growth of 2.0 percent compared to negative 1.2 growths a year ago. (See Table 8 for derived indicators, 2012 to 2018.)


13

2018 PTSA TABLES

Products 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

A. Consumption Products

A.1 Tourism characteristic products

1- Accommodation services for

visitors 46,213 61,974 80,448 91,551 81,163 103,376 113,143

2-Food and beverage serving services 40,940 53,654 60,203 69,357 74,560 116,835 105,059

3-Transport services 43,232 44,871 52,657 60,296 70,805 91,524 100,119

4-Travel agencies and other

reservation services 530 341 1,991 3,896 2,418 1,478 2,670

5-Entertainment and recreation

services 24,054 22,832 30,818 36,157 39,719 64,102 63,969

6-Country-specific tourism

characteristic services

6.a-Shopping 37,161 37,546 46,419 42,145 39,243 63,870 48,087

7-Miscellaneous 3,056 4,082 4,358 3,087 3,791 7,376 8,381

A.2 Tourism connected products

A.3 Non tourism related consumption

products

B.1 Valuables

TOTAL INBOUND TOURISM EXPENDITURE 195,186 225,300 276,894 306,489 311,698 448,561 441,428

TABLE 1A Inbound Tourism Expenditure by Products, Philippines: 2012-2018

(in million pesos)

TABLE 1B Inbound Tourism Expenditure by Products, Growth Rates,

Philippines: 2012-2018

(in percent)

Products 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18




visitors 34.1 29.8 13.8 (11.3) 27.4 9.4

2-Food and Beverage serving services 31.1 12.2 15.2 7.5 56.7 (10.1)

3-Transport services 3.8 17.4 14.5 17.4 29.3 9.4


reservation services (35.7) 484.6 95.7 (37.9) (38.9) 80.6


services (5.1) 35.0 17.3 9.9 61.4 (0.2)



6.a-Shopping 1.0 23.6 (9.2) (6.9) 62.8 (24.7)

7-Miscellaneous 33.6 6.8 (29.2) 22.8 94.6 13.6



products

B.1 Valuables

TOTAL INBOUND TOURISM EXPENDITURE 15.4 22.9 10.7 1.7 43.9 (1.6)


14

TABLE 1C Inbound Tourism Expenditure by Products, Percent Shares,


(in percent)

TABLE 2A Domestic Tourism Expenditure by Products, Philippines: 2012-2018

(in million pesos)

Products 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018




visitors 23.7 27.5 29.1 29.9 26.0 23.0 25.6

2-Food and beverage serving services 21.0 23.8 21.7 22.6 23.9 26.0 23.8

3-Transport services 22.1 19.9 19.0 19.7 22.7 20.4 22.7


reservation services 0.3 0.2 0.7 1.3 0.8 0.3 0.6


services 12.3 10.1 11.1 11.8 12.7 14.3 14.5



6.a-Shopping 19.0 16.7 16.8 13.8 12.6 14.2 10.9

7-Miscellaneous 1.6 1.8 1.6 1.0 1.2 1.6 1.9



products

B.1 Valuables

TOTAL INBOUND TOURISM EXPENDITURE 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Sources of basic data: Arrival Cards of the Bureau of Immigration, Visitor Sample Survey and Meeting, Incentive, Convention,

Exhibitions Survey of the Department of Tourism

Products 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018


A.1 Tourism characteristics products

1- Accommodation services for visitors 202,915 234,519 293,977 374,988 445,897 560,206 681,421



4-Travel agencies and other reservation

services 70,310 78,570 95,278 118,750 140,169 175,287 211,397


services 58,602 66,161 80,674 101,388 120,469 149,125 175,102



6.a-Shopping 145,350 168,097 206,365 259,907 312,208 388,647 463,886

7-Miscellaneous 357,518 406,643 502,477 633,272 754,882 949,701 1,150,223



products

B.1 Valuables

TOTAL DOMESTIC TOURISM EXPENDITURE 998,433 1,136,995 1,403,813 1,770,749 2,108,216 2,644,833 3,200,169


15

TABLE 2B Domestic Tourism Expenditure by Products, Growth Rates,


(in percent)

TABLE 2C Domestic Tourism Expenditure by Products, Percent Shares,


(in percent)

Products 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18



1- Accommodation services for visitors 15.6 25.4 27.6 18.9 25.6 21.6

2-Food and beverage serving services 13.5 27.7 28.3 20.1 26.4 23.0



services 11.7 21.3 24.6 18.0 25.1 20.6


services 12.9 21.9 25.7 18.8 23.8 17.4



6.a-Shopping 15.6 22.8 25.9 20.1 24.5 19.4

7-Miscellaneous 13.7 23.6 26.0 19.2 25.8 21.1



products

B.1 Valuables

TOTAL DOMESTIC TOURISM EXPENDITURE 13.9 23.5 26.1 19.1 25.5 21.0

Products 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018



1- Accommodation services for visitors 20.3 20.6 20.9 21.2 21.2 21.2 21.3




services 7.0 6.9 6.8 6.7 6.6 6.6 6.6


services 5.9 5.8 5.7 5.7 5.7 5.6 5.5



6.a-Shopping 14.6 14.8 14.7 14.7 14.8 14.7 14.5

7-Miscellaneous 35.8 35.8 35.8 35.8 35.8 35.9 35.9



products

B.1 Valuables

TOTAL DOMESTIC TOURISM EXPENDITURE 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Sources of basic data: Distribution of Regional Travelers and Meeting, Incentive, Convention, Exhibitions Survey of the Department of

Tourism (DOT) and Household Survey on Domestic Visitors of the DOT and Philippine Statistics Authority


16

TABLE 3A Outbound Tourism Expenditure by Products, Philippines: 2012-2018

(in million pesos)

TABLE 3B Outbound Tourism Expenditure by Products, Growth Rates,


(in percent)

Products 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018







services 7,282 7,134 9,144 12,700 14,498 15,748 17,264


services 15,787 21,409 26,907 39,919 38,739 42,129 45,685



6.a-Shopping 22,007 27,169 33,774 48,634 50,548 58,342 63,839

7-Miscellaneous 12,926 9,701 13,340 26,376 33,674 28,429 31,347



products

B.1 Valuables

TOTAL OUTBOUND TOURISM EXPENDITURE 139,531 147,104 189,315 267,827 282,260 299,703 325,000

Products 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18





3-Transport services (22.4) 38.9 35.2 (2.8) 15.7 7.0


services (2.0) 28.2 38.9 14.2 8.6 9.6

5-Entertainment and recreation services 35.6 25.7 48.4 (3.0) 8.7 8.4



6.a-Shopping 23.5 24.3 44.0 3.9 15.4 9.4

7-Miscellaneous (25.0) 37.5 97.7 27.7 (15.6) 10.3



products

B.1 Valuables

TOTAL OUTBOUND TOURISM EXPENDITURE 5.4 28.7 41.5 5.4 6.2 8.4


17

TABLE 3C Outbound Tourism Expenditure by Products, Percent Shares,


(in percent)

TABLE 4A Internal Tourism Expenditure by Products,


(in million pesos)

Products 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018







services 5.2 4.8 4.8 4.7 5.1 5.3 5.3

5-Entertainment and recreation services 11.3 14.6 14.2 14.9 13.7 14.1 14.1



6.a-Shopping 15.8 18.5 17.8 18.2 17.9 19.5 19.6

7-Miscellaneous 9.3 6.6 7.0 9.8 11.9 9.5 9.6



products

B.1 Valuables

TOTAL OUTBOUND TOURISM EXPENDITURE 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Products 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018







services 70,840 78,910 97,269 122,646 142,587 176,765 214,067

5-Entertainment and recreation services 82,655 88,993 111,492 137,545 160,188 213,227 239,071



6.a-Shopping 182,511 205,643 252,785 302,052 351,451 452,517 511,973

7-Miscellaneous 360,574 410,724 506,835 636,359 758,673 957,077 1,158,604



products

B.1 Valuables

TOTAL INTERNAL TOURISM EXPENDITURE 1,193,619 1,362,295 1,680,706 2,077,238 2,419,914 3,093,395 3,641,596


18

TABLE 4B Internal Tourism Expenditure by Products, Growth Rates,


(in percent)

TABLE 4C Internal Tourism Expenditure by Products, Percent Shares,


(in percent)

Products 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18







services 11.4 23.3 26.1 16.3 24.0 21.1

5-Entertainment and recreation services 7.7 25.3 23.4 16.5 33.1 12.1



6.a-Shopping 12.7 22.9 19.5 16.4 28.8 13.1

7-Miscellaneous 13.9 23.4 25.6 19.2 26.2 21.1



products

B.1 Valuables

TOTAL INTERNAL TOURISM EXPENDITURE 14.1 23.4 23.6 16.5 27.8 17.7

Products 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018







services 5.9 5.8 5.8 5.9 5.9 5.7 5.9




6.a-Shopping 15.3 15.1 15.0 14.5 14.5 14.6 14.1

7-Miscellaneous 30.2 30.1 30.2 30.6 31.4 30.9 31.8



products

B.1 Valuables

TOTAL INTERNAL TOURISM EXPENDITURE 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Note: Internal tourism refers to inbound tourism and domestic tourism.


19

`

TABLE 5A Gross Value Added of Tourism Industries (GVATI) by Industry,


(in million pesos)

TABLE 5B Gross Value Added of Tourism Industries (GVATI) by Industry,

Growth Rates, Philippines: 2012-2018

(in percent)

Products 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017r 2018

A.1 Tourism characteristic industries



3-Transport Services 388,286 427,512 465,060 513,588 555,731 591,526 627,529


services 43,672 48,650 59,990 75,666 87,980 109,097 132,144


6-Country-specific tourism characteristic

services

- shopping

115,062 128,779 138,878 149,544 163,845 179,511 197,149

7-Miscellaneous 163,565 189,582 211,805 227,820 250,297 277,921 312,928

TOTAL 1,577,885 1,748,445 1,917,763 2,132,606 2,347,191 2,590,579 2,871,541

Industry 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18

A.1 Tourism Characteristic industries

1- Accommodation Services for visitors 18.2 24.6 23.1 12.1 24.7 18.9

2-Food and Beverage serving services 8.0 12.1 4.5 11.9 13.7 13.0

3-Transport Services 10.1 8.8 10.4 8.2 6.4 6.1


services 11.4 23.3 26.1 16.3 24.0 21.1



services

- shopping

11.9 7.8 7.7 9.6 9.6 9.8

7-Miscellaneous 15.9 11.7 7.6 9.9 11.0 12.6

TOTAL 10.8 9.7 11.2 10.1 10.4 10.8


20

TABLE 5C Gross Value Added of Tourism Industries (GVATI) by Industry,

Percent Shares, Philippines: 2012-2018

(in percent)

TABLE 6A Tourism Direct Gross Value Added (TDGVA) by Products,


(in million pesos)

Industry 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018


1- Accommodation Services for visitors 8.8 9.3 10.6 11.7 12.0 13.5 14.5

2-Food and Beverage serving services 21.3 20.8 21.3 20.0 20.3 20.9 21.3

3-Transport Services 24.6 24.5 24.3 24.1 23.7 22.8 21.9


services 2.8 2.8 3.1 3.5 3.7 4.2 4.6



services

- shopping

7.3 7.4 7.2 7.0 7.0 6.9 6.9

7-Miscellaneous 10.4 10.8 11.0 10.7 10.7 10.7 10.9

TOTAL 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Note: GVATI was derived based on Production Accounts of Tourism Industries and Other Industries and Total Domestic Supply and Internal

Tourism Consumption which were computed using the data from the Input-Output Table, Input-Output Survey of Philippine Business and

Industry and the National Accounts of the Philippine Statistics Authority.

Products 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

A.1 Tourism Characteristic products 627,409 713,615 880,518 1,087,740 1,267,204 1,615,182 1,857,448





services 43,644 48,617 59,952 75,626 87,937 109,051 132,092



services

- shopping

106,539 120,042 147,560 176,320 205,156 264,152 283,916

7-Miscellaneous 185,483 211,787 261,733 328,270 391,491 494,492 569,430

A.2 Other products 209,097 228,133 250,759 263,459 286,468 314,118 347,097

TOTAL DIRECT GROSS VALUE ADDED (TDGVA) 836,506 941,749 1,131,276 1,351,198 1,553,672 1,929,300 2,204,545


21

TABLE 6B Tourism Direct Gross Value Added (TDGVA) by Products,


(in percent)

TABLE 6C Tourism Direct Gross Value Added (TDGVA) by Products,


(in percent)

Products 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18

A.1 Tourism Characteristics products 13.7 23.4 23.5 16.5 27.5 15.0





services 11.4 23.3 26.1 16.3 24.0 21.1



services - shopping 12.7 22.9 19.5 16.4 28.8 7.5

7-Miscellaneous 14.2 23.6 25.4 19.3 26.3 15.2

A.2 Other products 9.1 9.9 5.1 8.7 9.7 10.5

TOTAL DIRECT GROSS VALUE ADDED (TDGVA) 12.6 20.1 19.4 15.0 24.2 14.3

Products 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

A.1 Tourism Characteristics products 75.0 75.8 77.8 80.5 81.6 83.7 84.3





services 5.2 5.2 5.3 5.6 5.7 5.7 6.0



services - shopping 12.7 12.7 13.0 13.0 13.2 13.7 12.9

7-Miscellaneous 22.2 22.5 23.1 24.3 25.2 25.6 25.8

A.2 Other products 25.0 24.2 22.2 19.5 18.4 16.3 15.7

TOTAL DIRECT GROSS VALUE ADDED (TDGVA) 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Note: TDGVA was derived based on the Production Accounts of Tourism Industries and Other Industries and Total Domestic Supply and Internal

Tourism Consumption which were computed using the data from the Input-Output Table, Input-Output Survey of Philippine Business and Industry

and the National Accounts of the Philippine Statistics Authority.


22

TABLE 7A Total Employment and Employment in Tourism Industries,


(in thousand persons)

TABLE 7B Total Employment and Employment in Tourism Industries,


(in percent)

TABLE 7C Total Employment and Employment in Tourism Industries,


(in percent)

2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

TOTAL EMPLOYMENT IN THE PHILIPPINES 37,600 38,118 38,092 38,741 40,837 40,335 41,160

TOURISM CHARACTERISTIC INDUSTRIES 4,561 4,709 4,819 4,971 5,224 5,268 5,365

Accommodation and food and beverage 1,579 1,601 1,694 1,743 1,756 1,740 1,729

Passenger transport 1,675 1,746 1,713 1,779 1,927 1,995 2,048

Travel Agents, tour operators and tourism

guides26 29 30 26 33 35 38

Recreation, entertainment and cultural services 338 343 349 349 368 325 370

Retail trade on tourism-characteristic goods 300 312 319 323 353 348 352

Miscellaneous 643 678 714 751 787 826 829

2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18

TOTAL EMPLOYMENT IN THE PHILIPPINES 1.4 (0.1) 1.7 5.4 (1.2) 2.0

TOURISM CHARACTERISTIC INDUSTRIES 3.2 2.3 3.2 5.1 0.8 1.8

Accomodation and food and beverage 1.4 5.8 2.9 0.7 (0.9) (0.6)

Passenger transport 4.2 (1.9) 3.9 8.3 3.5 2.7


guides11.5 3.4 (13.3) 26.9 5.4 8.8

Recreation, entertainment and cultural services 1.5 1.7 0.0 5.4 (11.6) 13.9

Retail trade on tourism-characteristic goods 4.0 2.2 1.3 9.3 (1.4) 1.1

Miscellaneous 5.4 5.3 5.2 4.8 4.9 0.4

2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Share of Employment in Tourism Industries 12.1 12.4 12.7 12.8 12.8 13.1 13.0

to Total Employment

Sources of basic data: Labor Force Survey (LFS), Annual Survey of Philippine Business and Industry (ASPBI), and Census of

Philippine Business and Industry (CPBI) of the Philippine Statistics Authority

Percent Share


23

TABLE 8A Tourism Direct Gross Value Added (TDGVA) and

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) Philippines: 2012-2018

TABLE 8 Derived Indicators, Philippines: 2012-2018

TABLE 8B Inbound Tourism Expenditure and Exports: 2012-2018

TDGVA

(in million

pesos)

Growth rate

(in percent)

GDP

(in million

pesos)

Growth rate

(in percent)

Share of

TDGVA to GDP

(in percent)

2012 836,506 10,561,089 7.9

2013 941,749 12.6 11,538,410 9.3 8.2

2014 1,131,276 20.1 12,634,187 9.5 9.0

2015 1,351,198 19.4 13,322,041 5.4 10.1

2016 1,553,672 15.0 14,480,349 8.7 10.7

2017 1,929,300 24.2 15,807,596 9.2 12.2

2018 2,204,545 14.3 17,426,202 10.2 12.7

Inbound

Tourism

Expenditure

(in million

pesos)

Growth rate

(in percent)

Exports

(in million

pesos)

Growth rate

(in percent)

Share of

Inbound

Tourism

Expenditure to

Exports

(in percent)

2012 195,186 3,254,826 6.0

2013 225,300 15.43 3,232,795 (0.68) 7.0

2014 276,894 22.90 3,652,888 12.99 7.6

2015 306,489 10.69 3,782,890 3.56 8.1

2016 311,698 1.70 4,069,198 7.57 7.7

2017 448,561 43.91 4,904,037 20.52 9.1

2018 441,428 (1.59) 5,521,318 12.59 8.0


24

TABLE 8C Domestic Tourism Expenditure and Household Final Consumption

Expenditure (HFCE): 2012-2018

TABLE 8D Internal Tourism Expenditure versus HFCE and Exports: 2012-2018

Domestic

Tourism

Expenditure

(in million

pesos)

Growth rate

(in percent)

HFCE

(in million

pesos)

Growth rate

(in percent)

Share of

Domestic

Tourism

Expenditure to

HFCE

(in percent)

2012 998,433 7,837,881 12.7

2013 1,136,995 13.9 8,463,826 8.0 13.4

2014 1,403,813 23.5 9,163,823 8.3 15.3

2015 1,770,749 26.1 9,825,883 7.2 18.0

2016 2,108,216 19.1 10,672,797 8.6 19.8

2017 2,644,833 25.5 11,614,142 8.8 22.8

2018 3,200,169 21.0 12,864,928 10.8 24.9

Internal

Tourism

Expenditure

(in million

pesos)

Growth rate

(in percent)

HFCE and

Exports

(in million

pesos)

Growth rate

(in percent)

Share of

Internal

Tourism

Expenditure to

HFCE and

Exports

(in percent)

2012 1,193,619 11,092,707 10.8

2013 1,362,295 14.1 11,696,621 5.4 11.6

2014 1,680,706 23.4 12,816,711 9.6 13.1

2015 2,077,238 23.6 13,608,772 6.2 15.3

2016 2,419,914 16.5 14,741,995 8.3 16.4

2017 3,093,395 27.8 16,518,180 12.0 18.7

2018 3,641,596 17.7 18,386,247 11.3 19.8


25

TABLE 8E Employment of Tourism Industries versus Total Employment:

2012 -2018

Tourism

Employment

(in thousand

persons)

Growth rate

(in percent)

Total

Employment

(in thousand

persons)

Growth rate

(in percent)

Share of

Tourism

Employment to

Total

Employment

(in percent)

2012 4,561 37,600 12.1

2013 4,709 3.2 38,118 1.4 12.4

2014 4,819 2.3 38,092 (0.1) 12.7

2015 4,971 3.2 38,741 1.7 12.8

2016 5,224 5.1 40,837 5.4 12.8

2017 5,268 0.8 40,335 (1.2) 13.1

2018 5,365 1.8 41,160 2.0 13.0


27

Standard symbols, units of measure, and acronyms used in

this publication

% Percent PhP Philippine Peso DOT Department of Tourism Eurostat Statistical Office of the European Communities GDP Gross Domestic Product GVATI Gross Value Added of Tourism Industries HFCE Household Final Consumption Expenditure IAC-DSAT Inter-Agency Committee on the Development of

Satellite Accounts on Tourism IAC-TS Interagency Committee on Tourism Statistics IRTS International Recommendations for Tourism

Statistics NSCB National Statistical Coordination Board OECD Organisation for Economic Co-operation and

Development PSA Philippine Statistics Authority PTSA Philippine Tourism Satellite Accounts PTSCS Philippine Tourism Statistical Classification

System SNA System of National Accounts TDGVA Tourism Industries Direct Gross Value Added TSA Tourism Satellite Accounts TSA: RMF Tourism Satellite Account: Recommended

Methodological Framework UNWTO World Tourism Organization WTTC World Trade and Tourism Council


29

Technical Notes

Concepts and Definitions Tourism satellite account can be viewed from two perspectives, the demand side and supply side. The demand side refers to the demand for goods and services associated with tourism whereas the supply side refers to the supply of these goods and services. Demand Perspective Travel/traveler - Travel refers to the activity of travellers. A traveller is someone who moves between different geographic locations, for any purpose and any duration (IRTS 2008, para. 2.4). Travel within a country by residents is called domestic travel. Travel to a country by non-residents is called inbound travel, whereas travel outside a country by residents is called outbound travel (IRTS 2008, para. 2.5). Trip refers to the travel by a person from the time of departure from his usual residence until he/she returns: it thus refers to a round trip. A trip is made up of visits to different places (IRTS 2008, para. 2.33). Inbound trip will correspond to the travel between arriving in a country and leaving, whereas a domestic trip or an outbound trip will correspond to the travel between leaving the place of residence and returning. A domestic trip has a main destination in the country of residence of the traveller, while an outbound trip has a main destination outside this country (IRTS 2008, para. 2.31) Visitor is a traveler taking a trip to a main destination outside his/her usual environment, for less than a year, for any main purpose (business, leisure or other personal purpose) other than to be employed by a resident entity in the country or place visited. These trips taken by visitors qualify as tourism trips. Tourism refers to the activity of visitors (IRTS 2008, para. 2.9). Usual environment of an individual, a key concept in tourism, is defined as the geographical area (though not necessarily a contiguous one) within which an individual conducts his/her regular life routines (IRTS 2008, para 2.21). The purpose of introducing the concept of usual environment is to exclude from visitors those travelers commuting regularly between their place of usual


30

residence and place of work or study, or frequently visiting places within their current life routine, for instance homes of friends and relatives, shopping centers, religious, health-care or any other facilities that might be at a substantial distance away or in a different are but are regularly and frequently visited (IRTS 2008, para. 2.23). Tourism is a subset of travel and visitors are a subset of travellers. These distinctions are crucial for the compilation of data on flows of travellers and visitors and for the credibility of tourism statistics (IRTS 2008, para. 2.12). Visitor (domestic, inbound or outbound) is classified as a tourist (or overnight visitor) if his/her trip includes an overnight stay, or as a same-day visitor (or excursionist) otherwise (IRTS 2008, para. 2.13). Forms of Tourism Domestic tourism, which comprises the activities of a resident visitor within the country of reference either as part of a domestic tourism trip or part of an outbound tourism trip (IRTS 2008, para. 2.39a); Inbound tourism, which comprises the activities of a non-resident visitor within the country of reference on an inbound tourism trip (IRTS 2008, para. 2.39b); and Outbound tourism, which comprises the activities of a resident visitor outside the country of reference, either as part of an outbound tourism trip or as part of a domestic tourism trip (IRTS 2008, para. 2.39c). Tourism expenditure is the amount paid for the acquisition of consumption goods and services as well as valuables, for own use or to give away, for and during tourism trips. It includes expenditures by visitors themselves as well as expenses that are paid for or reimbursed by others (IRTS 2008, para. 2.21) Tourism consumption has the same formal definition as tourism expenditure. Nevertheless, the concept of tourism consumption used in the TSA goes beyond that of tourism expenditure. Actually, besides “the amount paid for the acquisition of consumption goods and services, as well as valuables for own use or to give away, for and during tourism trips” that corresponds to monetary transactions (the focus of tourism expenditure), it also includes services associated with vacation accommodation on own account, tourism social transfers in kind and other imputed consumption. (IRTS 2008, para. 2.25)


31

Supply Perspective Tourism characteristic goods and services refer to products that are typical for tourism, which in the absence of visitors, in most countries would probably cease to exist in meaningful quantity or for which the level of consumption would be significantly reduced and for which it seems possible to obtain statistical information (IRTS 2008, para. 5.10). Tourism connected goods and services include those that have been identified as tourism specific in a given country but for which this attribute has not been acknowledged on a worldwide basis. Tourism characteristic activities are the activities that typically produce tourism characteristic products (IRTS 2008, para. 5.11).

Framework of the Philippine Tourism Satellite Accounts The basic reference of PTSA is the International Recommendation for Tourism Statistics 2008 (IRTS 2008) and Tourism Satellite Account: Recommended Methodological Framework 2008 (TSA: RMF 2008) Gross Value Added of Tourism Industries (GVATI) GVATI is the sum of total gross value added of all establishments belonging to tourism industries, regardless of whether all their output is provided to visitors and the degree of specialization of their production process. Tourism Direct Gross Value Added (TDGVA) TGDVA adds the part of gross value added generated by tourism industries and other industries of the economy that directly serve visitors in response to internal consumption. TGDVA also includes the part of gross value added associated with the output of other (non-tourism) industries as long as this output responds to tourism consumption. Tourism Employment Employment in tourism industries may be measured as a count of the persons employed in tourism industries in any of their jobs, as a count of the persons


32

employed in tourism industries in their main job, or as a count of the jobs in tourism industries (IRTS 2008 para. 7.9.)

TSA Tables and Accounts The following are the available tables: Table 1 Inbound Tourism Expenditure

Refers to the expenditure of non-resident visitors within the Philippines

Table 2 Domestic Tourism Expenditure

Refers to the expenditure of resident visitors within the country

Table 3 Outbound Tourism Expenditure

Refers to the expenditures of Filipino residents outside the Philippine economy

Table 4 Internal Tourism Expenditure

Refers to the tourism consumption of both resident and non-resident visitors within the Philippine economy or the sum of inbound tourism expenditure (Table 1) and domestic tourism expenditure (Table 2).

Table 5 Gross Value Added of Tourism Industries (GVATI)

Refers to supply table that focuses on tourism characteristic products and tourism industries

Table 6 Tourism Direct Gross Value Added (TDGVA)

Refers to the reconciliation of internal tourism consumption with domestic supply

Table 7 Employment in Tourism Industries

Refers to the employment in tourism characteristic industries

Table 8 Derived Indicators

It includes quantitative indicators that are related to the previous tables


33

Sources of Basic Data Demand Side Arrival/Departure (A/D) Card – provide passenger identification and record of a person’s entry to and departure from the country. It is the primary source of information on the volume of inbound visitors in the country Visitor Sample Survey (VSS) – for the information on average expenditures and length of stay of inbound visitors. The survey is conducted by the Department of Tourism (DOT) on a monthly basis. VSS is a personal interview of randomly selected sample of departing visitors in international airports worldwide Meetings, Incentives, Conventions and Exhibitions (MICE) Survey – information from DOT for average expenditures paid on behalf of inbound visitors and domestic visitors Household Survey on Domestic Visitors (HSDV) – used for the volume, average expenditures and length of stay of domestic visitors Regional Travelers – information from Local Government Units (LGUs) and DOT. It is used to extrapolate data on volume of domestic visitors of HSDV Supply Side Census of Philippine Business and Industry (CPBI) – primary source of benchmark estimates for tourism industries and parameters on employment in tourism industries Labor Force Survey (LFS) – provides information on employment generated by industries National Accounts of the Philippines (NAP) – provides the output indicators (derived from sales and revenues) used in deriving the production component of PTSA Input-Output (IO) Table – primary source for the benchmark estimation of the production accounts of tourism and non-tourism industries. It provides information on economic structure of the country. The 2006 IO provides the


34

benchmark ratios used in estimating the production account on tourism industries (GVATI and TDGVA)

Estimation Methodology Table 1 Inbound Tourism Expenditure

- is the sum of product of: o total inbound visitor arrivals (r) o average length of stay (l) o average daily expenditures for each of the expenditure items (e)




- is the sum of product of: o total outbound visitor arrivals (r) o average length of stay (l) o average daily expenditures for each of the expenditure items (e)

𝑇𝐸𝑖𝑛𝑏𝑜𝑢𝑛𝑑 = 𝑟 . 𝑙 . (𝑒𝑖)

7

𝑖=1

7

1

)()()(i

idomestic elrTE


35


- is the sum of inbound (Table 1) and domestic tourism expenditure (Table 2)


- presents the production accounts of tourism industries and other industries in the economy of reference


- is an extension of Table 5 Table 7 Employment in Tourism Industries

- number of persons employed in each of the identified tourism-characteristic industry



Table of Contents

Page Foreword Introduction 1-1 Philippine Efforts in the Development of TSA 2-2 Inbound Tourism Expenditure 3-4 Domestic Tourism Expenditure 4-5 Outbound Tourism Expenditure 5-6 Internal Tourism Expenditure 7-7 Gross Value Added of Tourism Industries (GVATI) 8-9 Tourism Industries Direct Gross Value Added (TDGVA) 9-9 Employment in Tourism Industries 9-10 Tourism Related Indicators 11-12 2018 PTSA Tables 13-25 Standard symbols, units of measure, and acronyms used in this publication

27-27

Technical Notes Concepts and Definitions 29-31 Framework of the Philippine Tourism Satellite Accounts 31-32 TSA Tables and Accounts 32-32 Sources of Basic Data 33-33 Estimation Methodology 34-35


1

Philippine Tourism Satellite Accounts 2018

Introduction Tourism plays a significant role on the social, economic and environmental development and cultural landscape of the country. To provide basis for effective and efficient policy research, monitoring, analysis and development of the industry, there is a need to measure the economic contribution of tourism. The Tourism Satellite Account (TSA) is a standard statistical framework and the main tool for the economic measurement of tourism. It was developed by the World Tourism Organization (UNWTO), the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), the Statistical Office of the European Communities (Eurostat) and the United Nations Statistics Division. The Tourism Satellite Account: Recommended Methodological Framework 2008 (TSA: RMF 2008) provides the updated common conceptual framework for constructing a TSA. It adopts the basic system of the System of National Accounts 2008 (SNA 2008), the international standard for a systematic summary of national economic activity, from a functional perspective.1 In an effort to measure the economic contribution of tourism, the Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA) approved the methodology for the compilation of the Philippine Tourism Satellite Accounts (PTSA) through Board Resolution No. 01, Series of 2017 – 148. Moreover, it provides for the endorsement of budget for the continued improvement of PTSA and for the conduct of the required surveys. It also enjoins the data source agencies of the PTSA to provide data support and improve their data collection system.

1

(OECD, “Tourism Satellite Account: Recommended Methodological Framework,

https://www.oecd.org/cfe/tourism/tourismsatelliteaccountrecommendedmethodlogicalframework.html))


2

Philippine Efforts in the Development of TSA The earliest efforts to identify the impact of tourism activities to the Philippine economy date back to 1988. In the said year, the National Statistical Coordination (NSCB) provided funds and technical assistance to the Department of Tourism (DOT) to study the contribution of tourism to GDP using Input-Output Tables. In 1996, the NSCB, DOT and the World Travel & Tourism Council (WTTC) produced the second estimate examining the contribution of travel and tourism to country's economic output. The estimation methodology was developed by the Wharton Econometric Forecasting Association, under the direction of the WTTC. The first concrete step in the establishment of the Tourism Satellite Accounts for the Philippines was taken in 1997, when the Inter-Agency Committee on the Development of a Satellite Account on Tourism (IAC-DSAT) was created. Two years later, the NSCB created its Development Satellite Accounts (DSAT) team, which produced initial PTSA estimates covering the period 1994 to 1998. In 2003, the IAC-DSAT was reconstituted to form the Inter-Agency Committee on Tourism Statistics (IAC-TS), expanding the function of the committee to cover other tourism-related data in support for the PTSA. The resolution adopting official methodology for the compilation of the PTSA was approved in 2009. In 2016, the latest Philippine Tourism Statistical Classification System (PTSCS) was approved. This classification system is in line with the 2009 Philippine Standard Industrial Classification, and is the classification being employed by the PTSA today.


3

Inbound Tourism Expenditure Inbound tourism refers to tourism of non-resident visitors (foreign visitors and nationals permanently residing abroad) within the economic territory of the country of reference. The total inbound tourism expenditure in 2018 amounted to PhP 441.4 billion or 1.6 percent lower than PhP 448.6 billion in the previous year.

Among the seven tourism characteristic products, accommodation services for visitors makes up the highest share of inbound tourism expenditures at 25.6 percent. It was followed by food and beverage serving services and transport services at 23.8 percent and 22.7 percent, respectively. Entertainment and recreation services shared 14.5 percent while country-specific tourism characteristic services (shopping) contributed 10.9 percent. The remaining 2.5 percent was shared by travel agencies and other reservation services (0.6 percent) and miscellaneous (e.g. financial and medical services) products (1.9 percent).

Accommodation

25.6%

Food and

beverage

23.8%Transport

22.7%

Entertainment and

recreation

14.5%

Shopping

10.9%

Miscellaneous

1.9%

Travel agencies

and other

reservation

0.6%

FIGURE 1 Percent Share of Inbound Tourism Expenditures by Product: 2018


4

Meanwhile, expenditures on travel agencies and other reservation services leaped by 80.6 percent in 2018. The remaining tourism products recorded increases: miscellaneous products by 13.6 percent and both accommodation services for visitors and transport services by 9.4 percent (See Table 1).

Domestic Tourism Expenditure Domestic tourism refers to tourism of resident visitors within the economic territory of the country of reference. The domestic tourism expenditure reached PhP 3.2 trillion in 2018. This grew by 21.0 percent from the 2017 expenditure of PhP 2.6 trillion.

In 2018, PhP 1.2 trillion (35.9 percent) was attributed to expenditures on miscellaneous products such as foreign exchange services and medical services. This was followed by accommodation services for visitors amounting to PhP 681.4 billion (21.3 percent) and shopping at PhP 463.9 billion (14.5 percent). Meanwhile, the domestic tourism expenditure for transport services amounted to PhP 325.6 billion (10.2 percent).

Miscellaneous

35.9%

Accommodation

21.3%

Shopping

14.5%

Transport

10.2%

Travel agencies

and other

reservation

6.6%

Food and

beverage

6.0%

Entertainment and

recreation

5.5%

FIGURE 2 Percent Share of Domestic Tourism Expenditures by Product: 2018


5

The rest of the domestic tourism expenditure products contributed as follows: travel agencies and other reservation services with PhP 211.4 billion (6.6 percent), food and beverage serving services PhP 192.5 billion (6.0 percent), and entertainment and recreation services with PhP 175.1 billion (5.5 percent). Unlike inbound tourism expenditure, domestic tourism expenditure on all tourism characteristic products gained positive growth in 2018, but at a slower pace compared to 2017. The food and beverage serving services had the highest increase of 23.0 percent, followed closely by the remaining expenditure items: transport services at 22.7 percent, miscellaneous products at 21.1 percent, travel agencies and other reservation services at 20.6 percent, and entertainment and recreation services at 17.4 percent (See Table 2).

Outbound Tourism Expenditure Outbound tourism refers to tourism of resident visitors outside the economic territory of the country of reference. The total outbound tourism expenditure of the country in years is consistently below the total expenditure of inbound tourism and total expenditure of domestic tourism. Total outbound expenditure in 2018 was recorded at PhP 325.0 billion or 8.4 percent higher than PhP 299.7 billion in 2017. Spending on accommodation services for visitors accounted for bulk of the total outbound tourism expenditure amounting to PhP 92.6 billion (28.5 percent). It was followed by country-specific tourism characteristic services (shopping) at an amount equal to PhP 63.8 billion (19.6 percent). The contributions of the remaining tourism characteristic products are as follows:

food and beverage serving services - PhP 50.8 billion (15.6 percent);

entertainment and recreation services - PhP 45.7 billion (14.1 percent);

miscellaneous products - PhP 31.3 billion (9.6 percent);

transport services - PhP 23.4 billion (7.2 percent); and


6

travel agencies and other reservation services - PhP 17.3 billion (5.3 percent).

Total outbound tourism expenditure for all tourism characteristic products incurred positive growths in 2018. Arranged from highest to lowest, the growth rates by product are as follows:

miscellaneous products by 10.3 percent;

travel agencies and other reservation services by 9.6 percent;

country-specific tourism characteristic services (shopping) by 9.4 percent;

entertainment and recreation services by 8.4 percent;

accommodation services for visitors by 8.0 percent;

food and beverage serving services by 7.2 percent; and

transport services by 7.0 percent. (See Table 3 for levels, growth rates and percent shares of total outbound tourism expenditure by products, 2012 to 2018.)

Accommodation

services for

visitors

28%

Shopping

20%Food and

beverage serving

services

16%

Entertainment and

recreation

services

14%

Miscellaneous

10%

Transport

services

7%

Travel agencies

and other

reservation

services

5%

FIGURE 3 Percent Share of Outbound Tourism Expenditures by Product: 2018


7

Internal Tourism Expenditure Internal tourism refers to the combined inbound tourism and domestic tourism. In 2018, internal tourism expenditure of the country reached PhP 3.6 trillion or 17.7 percent higher than PhP 3.1 trillion in 2017. Expenditures from domestic tourism accounted for 87.9 percent of total internal tourism spending. The top three (3) tourism characteristic products which accounted for the biggest internal tourism expenditure in 2018 are as follows: miscellaneous products with 31.8 percent share, accommodation services for visitors with 21.8 percent share, and country-specific tourism characteristic services (shopping) with 14.1 percent share. Higher growths of internal tourism expenditure in 2018 are recorded as follows: both travel agencies and other reservation services and miscellaneous products grew by 21.1 percent, while accommodation services for visitors and transport services increased by 19.7 percent and 19.3 percent, respectively (See Table 4).

-

200,000

400,000

600,000

800,000

1,000,000

1,200,000

1,400,000

Accommodation Food andbeverage

Transport Travel agenciesand other

reservation

Entertainmentand recreation

Shopping Miscellaneous

in m

illio

n p

es

os

FIGURE 4 Internal Tourism Expenditures: 2018

INBOUND DOMESTIC


8

Gross Value Added of Tourism Industries (GVATI) GVATI was derived based on Production Accounts of Tourism Industries and Other Industries and Total Domestic Supply and Internal Tourism Consumption. The total Gross Value Added of Tourism Industries in 2018 amounted to PhP 2.9 trillion or 10.8 percent higher than PhP 2.6 trillion a year ago.

In 2018, the seven tourism characteristic industries, arranged from highest to lowest, registered the following GVATI and percent shares (See Table 5):


food and beverage serving services – PhP 612.6 billion (21.3 percent);




Transport

22%

Food and

beverage

21%

Entertainment and

recreation

20%

Accommodation

14%

Miscellaneous

11%

Shopping

7%

Travel agencies

and other

reservation

5%

FIGURE 5 Percent Share of Gross Value Added of Tourism Industries (GVATI): 2018


9

shopping – PhP 197.1 billion (6.9 percent); and

travel agencies and other reservation services – PhP 132.1 billion (4.6 percent).

Tourism Industries Direct Gross Value Added (TDGVA) TDGVA was derived based on Production Accounts of Tourism Industries and Other Industries and Total Domestic Supply and Internal Tourism Consumption. The total Tourism Industries Direct Gross Value Added in 2018 amounted to PhP 2.2 trillion or 14.3 percent higher than PhP 1.9 trillion in the previous year. It consists of: PhP 1.9 trillion (84.3 percent) tourism characteristic products and PhP 0.3 trillion (15.7 percent) other products. Meanwhile, tourism characteristic products have the following levels and percent shares (See Table 6):



shopping – PhP 283.9 billion (12.9 percent);



travel agencies and other reservation services – PhP 132.1 billion (6.0 percent); and

food and beverage serving services – PhP 91.0 billion (4.1 percent).

Employment in Tourism Industries The country had a total employment of 41.2 million in 2018. Out of this total, 5.4 million (13.0 percent) was contributed by tourism industries, growing by 1.8 percent from its 2017 level of 5.3 million.


10

The 2018 total employment and growth rates of tourism characteristic industries (2017-2018) are as follows (See Table 7):

passenger transport – 2.0 million with 2.7 percent growth rate;

accommodation and food and beverage – 1.7 million, declining by 0.6 percent;

miscellaneous – 829 thousand with 0.4 growth rate;

recreation, entertainment and cultural services – 370 thousand with 13.9 growth rate;

retail trade on tourism-characteristic goods – 352 thousand with 1.1 growth rate; and

travel agents, tour operators and tourism guides – 38 thousand with 8.8 growth rate.

Passenger

transport

38%

Accommodation

and food and

beverage

32%

Miscellaneous

15%

Recreation,

entertainment and

cultural services

7%

Retail trade on

tourism-

characteristic

goods

7%

Travel Agents, tour

operators and

tourism guides

1%

FIGURE 6 Percent Share of Employment in Tourism Industries: 2018


11

Tourism Related Indicators Tourism Direct Gross Value Added (TDGVA) and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) The contribution of the tourism industries in the economy is measured by the share of TDGVA to the GDP. In 2018, the tourism industries contributed 12.7 percent, 0.5 percentage point higher than its 12.2 percent contribution in the previous year. Inbound Tourism Expenditure and Exports Inbound tourism expenditure refers to the expenditure of non-resident visitors (foreign visitors and Filipinos permanently residing abroad) within the Philippines. It declined by 1.6 percent in 2018. Its share to exports equals to 8.0 percent or 1.1 percentage points lower than its share of 9.1 percent in 2017. Domestic Tourism Expenditure and Household Final Consumption Expenditure (HFCE) Domestic tourism expenditure includes expenditure of resident visitors within the country either as domestic trip or part of an international trip. It grew by 21.0 percent in 2018, lower than the 25.5 percent growth in the previous year. This represents PhP 3.2 trillion from last year’s level of PhP 2.6 trillion. The domestic tourism expenditure accounted for 24.9 percent of PhP 12.9 trillion HFCE in 2018. Internal Tourism Expenditure vis-a-vis HFCE and Exports The internal tourism, which is the sum of inbound tourism and domestic tourism, amounted to PhP 3.6 trillion in 2018. It accounted for 19.8 percent of the combined HFCE and exports amounting to PhP 18.4 trillion in the same year. Compared to its share in the previous year, it is higher by 1.1 percentage points.


12

Employment of Tourism Industries vis-à-vis Total Employment In 2018, the tourism employment equal to 5.4 million persons contributed 13.0 percent to the total employment of the country equal to 41.2 million persons. Although this share is lower by 0.1 percentage point than the 13.1 percent share in the previous year, it had registered positive growth of 2.0 percent compared to negative 1.2 growths a year ago. (See Table 8 for derived indicators, 2012 to 2018.)


13

2018 PTSA TABLES

Products 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018




visitors 46,213 61,974 80,448 91,551 81,163 103,376 113,143




reservation services 530 341 1,991 3,896 2,418 1,478 2,670


services 24,054 22,832 30,818 36,157 39,719 64,102 63,969



6.a-Shopping 37,161 37,546 46,419 42,145 39,243 63,870 48,087

7-Miscellaneous 3,056 4,082 4,358 3,087 3,791 7,376 8,381



products

B.1 Valuables

TOTAL INBOUND TOURISM EXPENDITURE 195,186 225,300 276,894 306,489 311,698 448,561 441,428

TABLE 1A Inbound Tourism Expenditure by Products, Philippines: 2012-2018

(in million pesos)

TABLE 1B Inbound Tourism Expenditure by Products, Growth Rates,


(in percent)

Products 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18




visitors 34.1 29.8 13.8 (11.3) 27.4 9.4

2-Food and Beverage serving services 31.1 12.2 15.2 7.5 56.7 (10.1)



reservation services (35.7) 484.6 95.7 (37.9) (38.9) 80.6


services (5.1) 35.0 17.3 9.9 61.4 (0.2)



6.a-Shopping 1.0 23.6 (9.2) (6.9) 62.8 (24.7)

7-Miscellaneous 33.6 6.8 (29.2) 22.8 94.6 13.6



products

B.1 Valuables

TOTAL INBOUND TOURISM EXPENDITURE 15.4 22.9 10.7 1.7 43.9 (1.6)


14

TABLE 1C Inbound Tourism Expenditure by Products, Percent Shares,


(in percent)

TABLE 2A Domestic Tourism Expenditure by Products, Philippines: 2012-2018

(in million pesos)

Products 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018




visitors 23.7 27.5 29.1 29.9 26.0 23.0 25.6




reservation services 0.3 0.2 0.7 1.3 0.8 0.3 0.6


services 12.3 10.1 11.1 11.8 12.7 14.3 14.5



6.a-Shopping 19.0 16.7 16.8 13.8 12.6 14.2 10.9

7-Miscellaneous 1.6 1.8 1.6 1.0 1.2 1.6 1.9



products

B.1 Valuables

TOTAL INBOUND TOURISM EXPENDITURE 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Sources of basic data: Arrival Cards of the Bureau of Immigration, Visitor Sample Survey and Meeting, Incentive, Convention,

Exhibitions Survey of the Department of Tourism

Products 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018


A.1 Tourism characteristics products





services 70,310 78,570 95,278 118,750 140,169 175,287 211,397


services 58,602 66,161 80,674 101,388 120,469 149,125 175,102



6.a-Shopping 145,350 168,097 206,365 259,907 312,208 388,647 463,886

7-Miscellaneous 357,518 406,643 502,477 633,272 754,882 949,701 1,150,223



products

B.1 Valuables

TOTAL DOMESTIC TOURISM EXPENDITURE 998,433 1,136,995 1,403,813 1,770,749 2,108,216 2,644,833 3,200,169


15

TABLE 2B Domestic Tourism Expenditure by Products, Growth Rates,


(in percent)

TABLE 2C Domestic Tourism Expenditure by Products, Percent Shares,


(in percent)

Products 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18







services 11.7 21.3 24.6 18.0 25.1 20.6


services 12.9 21.9 25.7 18.8 23.8 17.4



6.a-Shopping 15.6 22.8 25.9 20.1 24.5 19.4

7-Miscellaneous 13.7 23.6 26.0 19.2 25.8 21.1



products

B.1 Valuables

TOTAL DOMESTIC TOURISM EXPENDITURE 13.9 23.5 26.1 19.1 25.5 21.0

Products 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018







services 7.0 6.9 6.8 6.7 6.6 6.6 6.6


services 5.9 5.8 5.7 5.7 5.7 5.6 5.5



6.a-Shopping 14.6 14.8 14.7 14.7 14.8 14.7 14.5

7-Miscellaneous 35.8 35.8 35.8 35.8 35.8 35.9 35.9



products

B.1 Valuables

TOTAL DOMESTIC TOURISM EXPENDITURE 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Sources of basic data: Distribution of Regional Travelers and Meeting, Incentive, Convention, Exhibitions Survey of the Department of

Tourism (DOT) and Household Survey on Domestic Visitors of the DOT and Philippine Statistics Authority


16

TABLE 3A Outbound Tourism Expenditure by Products, Philippines: 2012-2018

(in million pesos)

TABLE 3B Outbound Tourism Expenditure by Products, Growth Rates,


(in percent)

Products 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018







services 7,282 7,134 9,144 12,700 14,498 15,748 17,264


services 15,787 21,409 26,907 39,919 38,739 42,129 45,685



6.a-Shopping 22,007 27,169 33,774 48,634 50,548 58,342 63,839

7-Miscellaneous 12,926 9,701 13,340 26,376 33,674 28,429 31,347



products

B.1 Valuables

TOTAL OUTBOUND TOURISM EXPENDITURE 139,531 147,104 189,315 267,827 282,260 299,703 325,000

Products 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18





3-Transport services (22.4) 38.9 35.2 (2.8) 15.7 7.0


services (2.0) 28.2 38.9 14.2 8.6 9.6

5-Entertainment and recreation services 35.6 25.7 48.4 (3.0) 8.7 8.4



6.a-Shopping 23.5 24.3 44.0 3.9 15.4 9.4

7-Miscellaneous (25.0) 37.5 97.7 27.7 (15.6) 10.3



products

B.1 Valuables

TOTAL OUTBOUND TOURISM EXPENDITURE 5.4 28.7 41.5 5.4 6.2 8.4


17

TABLE 3C Outbound Tourism Expenditure by Products, Percent Shares,


(in percent)

TABLE 4A Internal Tourism Expenditure by Products,


(in million pesos)

Products 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018







services 5.2 4.8 4.8 4.7 5.1 5.3 5.3




6.a-Shopping 15.8 18.5 17.8 18.2 17.9 19.5 19.6

7-Miscellaneous 9.3 6.6 7.0 9.8 11.9 9.5 9.6



products

B.1 Valuables

TOTAL OUTBOUND TOURISM EXPENDITURE 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Products 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018







services 70,840 78,910 97,269 122,646 142,587 176,765 214,067




6.a-Shopping 182,511 205,643 252,785 302,052 351,451 452,517 511,973

7-Miscellaneous 360,574 410,724 506,835 636,359 758,673 957,077 1,158,604



products

B.1 Valuables

TOTAL INTERNAL TOURISM EXPENDITURE 1,193,619 1,362,295 1,680,706 2,077,238 2,419,914 3,093,395 3,641,596


18

TABLE 4B Internal Tourism Expenditure by Products, Growth Rates,


(in percent)

TABLE 4C Internal Tourism Expenditure by Products, Percent Shares,


(in percent)

Products 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18







services 11.4 23.3 26.1 16.3 24.0 21.1




6.a-Shopping 12.7 22.9 19.5 16.4 28.8 13.1

7-Miscellaneous 13.9 23.4 25.6 19.2 26.2 21.1



products

B.1 Valuables

TOTAL INTERNAL TOURISM EXPENDITURE 14.1 23.4 23.6 16.5 27.8 17.7

Products 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018







services 5.9 5.8 5.8 5.9 5.9 5.7 5.9




6.a-Shopping 15.3 15.1 15.0 14.5 14.5 14.6 14.1

7-Miscellaneous 30.2 30.1 30.2 30.6 31.4 30.9 31.8



products

B.1 Valuables

TOTAL INTERNAL TOURISM EXPENDITURE 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Note: Internal tourism refers to inbound tourism and domestic tourism.


19

`

TABLE 5A Gross Value Added of Tourism Industries (GVATI) by Industry,


(in million pesos)

TABLE 5B Gross Value Added of Tourism Industries (GVATI) by Industry,


(in percent)

Products 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017r 2018

A.1 Tourism characteristic industries



3-Transport Services 388,286 427,512 465,060 513,588 555,731 591,526 627,529


services 43,672 48,650 59,990 75,666 87,980 109,097 132,144



services

- shopping

115,062 128,779 138,878 149,544 163,845 179,511 197,149

7-Miscellaneous 163,565 189,582 211,805 227,820 250,297 277,921 312,928

TOTAL 1,577,885 1,748,445 1,917,763 2,132,606 2,347,191 2,590,579 2,871,541

Industry 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18






services 11.4 23.3 26.1 16.3 24.0 21.1



services

- shopping

11.9 7.8 7.7 9.6 9.6 9.8

7-Miscellaneous 15.9 11.7 7.6 9.9 11.0 12.6

TOTAL 10.8 9.7 11.2 10.1 10.4 10.8


20

TABLE 5C Gross Value Added of Tourism Industries (GVATI) by Industry,


(in percent)

TABLE 6A Tourism Direct Gross Value Added (TDGVA) by Products,


(in million pesos)

Industry 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018






services 2.8 2.8 3.1 3.5 3.7 4.2 4.6



services

- shopping

7.3 7.4 7.2 7.0 7.0 6.9 6.9

7-Miscellaneous 10.4 10.8 11.0 10.7 10.7 10.7 10.9

TOTAL 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Note: GVATI was derived based on Production Accounts of Tourism Industries and Other Industries and Total Domestic Supply and Internal

Tourism Consumption which were computed using the data from the Input-Output Table, Input-Output Survey of Philippine Business and

Industry and the National Accounts of the Philippine Statistics Authority.

Products 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

A.1 Tourism Characteristic products 627,409 713,615 880,518 1,087,740 1,267,204 1,615,182 1,857,448





services 43,644 48,617 59,952 75,626 87,937 109,051 132,092



services

- shopping

106,539 120,042 147,560 176,320 205,156 264,152 283,916

7-Miscellaneous 185,483 211,787 261,733 328,270 391,491 494,492 569,430

A.2 Other products 209,097 228,133 250,759 263,459 286,468 314,118 347,097

TOTAL DIRECT GROSS VALUE ADDED (TDGVA) 836,506 941,749 1,131,276 1,351,198 1,553,672 1,929,300 2,204,545


21

TABLE 6B Tourism Direct Gross Value Added (TDGVA) by Products,


(in percent)

TABLE 6C Tourism Direct Gross Value Added (TDGVA) by Products,


(in percent)

Products 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18

A.1 Tourism Characteristics products 13.7 23.4 23.5 16.5 27.5 15.0





services 11.4 23.3 26.1 16.3 24.0 21.1



services - shopping 12.7 22.9 19.5 16.4 28.8 7.5

7-Miscellaneous 14.2 23.6 25.4 19.3 26.3 15.2

A.2 Other products 9.1 9.9 5.1 8.7 9.7 10.5

TOTAL DIRECT GROSS VALUE ADDED (TDGVA) 12.6 20.1 19.4 15.0 24.2 14.3

Products 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

A.1 Tourism Characteristics products 75.0 75.8 77.8 80.5 81.6 83.7 84.3





services 5.2 5.2 5.3 5.6 5.7 5.7 6.0



services - shopping 12.7 12.7 13.0 13.0 13.2 13.7 12.9

7-Miscellaneous 22.2 22.5 23.1 24.3 25.2 25.6 25.8

A.2 Other products 25.0 24.2 22.2 19.5 18.4 16.3 15.7

TOTAL DIRECT GROSS VALUE ADDED (TDGVA) 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Note: TDGVA was derived based on the Production Accounts of Tourism Industries and Other Industries and Total Domestic Supply and Internal

Tourism Consumption which were computed using the data from the Input-Output Table, Input-Output Survey of Philippine Business and Industry

and the National Accounts of the Philippine Statistics Authority.


22

TABLE 7A Total Employment and Employment in Tourism Industries,


(in thousand persons)

TABLE 7B Total Employment and Employment in Tourism Industries,


(in percent)

TABLE 7C Total Employment and Employment in Tourism Industries,


(in percent)

2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

TOTAL EMPLOYMENT IN THE PHILIPPINES 37,600 38,118 38,092 38,741 40,837 40,335 41,160

TOURISM CHARACTERISTIC INDUSTRIES 4,561 4,709 4,819 4,971 5,224 5,268 5,365

Accommodation and food and beverage 1,579 1,601 1,694 1,743 1,756 1,740 1,729

Passenger transport 1,675 1,746 1,713 1,779 1,927 1,995 2,048


guides26 29 30 26 33 35 38

Recreation, entertainment and cultural services 338 343 349 349 368 325 370

Retail trade on tourism-characteristic goods 300 312 319 323 353 348 352

Miscellaneous 643 678 714 751 787 826 829

2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18

TOTAL EMPLOYMENT IN THE PHILIPPINES 1.4 (0.1) 1.7 5.4 (1.2) 2.0

TOURISM CHARACTERISTIC INDUSTRIES 3.2 2.3 3.2 5.1 0.8 1.8

Accomodation and food and beverage 1.4 5.8 2.9 0.7 (0.9) (0.6)

Passenger transport 4.2 (1.9) 3.9 8.3 3.5 2.7


guides11.5 3.4 (13.3) 26.9 5.4 8.8

Recreation, entertainment and cultural services 1.5 1.7 0.0 5.4 (11.6) 13.9

Retail trade on tourism-characteristic goods 4.0 2.2 1.3 9.3 (1.4) 1.1

Miscellaneous 5.4 5.3 5.2 4.8 4.9 0.4

2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Share of Employment in Tourism Industries 12.1 12.4 12.7 12.8 12.8 13.1 13.0

to Total Employment

Sources of basic data: Labor Force Survey (LFS), Annual Survey of Philippine Business and Industry (ASPBI), and Census of

Philippine Business and Industry (CPBI) of the Philippine Statistics Authority

Percent Share


23

TABLE 8A Tourism Direct Gross Value Added (TDGVA) and

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) Philippines: 2012-2018

TABLE 8 Derived Indicators, Philippines: 2012-2018

TABLE 8B Inbound Tourism Expenditure and Exports: 2012-2018

TDGVA

(in million

pesos)

Growth rate

(in percent)

GDP

(in million

pesos)

Growth rate

(in percent)

Share of

TDGVA to GDP

(in percent)

2012 836,506 10,561,089 7.9

2013 941,749 12.6 11,538,410 9.3 8.2

2014 1,131,276 20.1 12,634,187 9.5 9.0

2015 1,351,198 19.4 13,322,041 5.4 10.1

2016 1,553,672 15.0 14,480,349 8.7 10.7

2017 1,929,300 24.2 15,807,596 9.2 12.2

2018 2,204,545 14.3 17,426,202 10.2 12.7

Inbound

Tourism

Expenditure

(in million

pesos)

Growth rate

(in percent)

Exports

(in million

pesos)

Growth rate

(in percent)

Share of

Inbound

Tourism

Expenditure to

Exports

(in percent)

2012 195,186 3,254,826 6.0

2013 225,300 15.43 3,232,795 (0.68) 7.0

2014 276,894 22.90 3,652,888 12.99 7.6

2015 306,489 10.69 3,782,890 3.56 8.1

2016 311,698 1.70 4,069,198 7.57 7.7

2017 448,561 43.91 4,904,037 20.52 9.1

2018 441,428 (1.59) 5,521,318 12.59 8.0


24

TABLE 8C Domestic Tourism Expenditure and Household Final Consumption

Expenditure (HFCE): 2012-2018

TABLE 8D Internal Tourism Expenditure versus HFCE and Exports: 2012-2018

Domestic

Tourism

Expenditure

(in million

pesos)

Growth rate

(in percent)

HFCE

(in million

pesos)

Growth rate

(in percent)

Share of

Domestic

Tourism

Expenditure to

HFCE

(in percent)

2012 998,433 7,837,881 12.7

2013 1,136,995 13.9 8,463,826 8.0 13.4

2014 1,403,813 23.5 9,163,823 8.3 15.3

2015 1,770,749 26.1 9,825,883 7.2 18.0

2016 2,108,216 19.1 10,672,797 8.6 19.8

2017 2,644,833 25.5 11,614,142 8.8 22.8

2018 3,200,169 21.0 12,864,928 10.8 24.9

Internal

Tourism

Expenditure

(in million

pesos)

Growth rate

(in percent)

HFCE and

Exports

(in million

pesos)

Growth rate

(in percent)

Share of

Internal

Tourism

Expenditure to

HFCE and

Exports

(in percent)

2012 1,193,619 11,092,707 10.8

2013 1,362,295 14.1 11,696,621 5.4 11.6

2014 1,680,706 23.4 12,816,711 9.6 13.1

2015 2,077,238 23.6 13,608,772 6.2 15.3

2016 2,419,914 16.5 14,741,995 8.3 16.4

2017 3,093,395 27.8 16,518,180 12.0 18.7

2018 3,641,596 17.7 18,386,247 11.3 19.8


25

TABLE 8E Employment of Tourism Industries versus Total Employment:

2012 -2018

Tourism

Employment

(in thousand

persons)

Growth rate

(in percent)

Total

Employment

(in thousand

persons)

Growth rate

(in percent)

Share of

Tourism

Employment to

Total

Employment

(in percent)

2012 4,561 37,600 12.1

2013 4,709 3.2 38,118 1.4 12.4

2014 4,819 2.3 38,092 (0.1) 12.7

2015 4,971 3.2 38,741 1.7 12.8

2016 5,224 5.1 40,837 5.4 12.8

2017 5,268 0.8 40,335 (1.2) 13.1

2018 5,365 1.8 41,160 2.0 13.0


27

Standard symbols, units of measure, and acronyms used in

this publication

% Percent PhP Philippine Peso DOT Department of Tourism Eurostat Statistical Office of the European Communities GDP Gross Domestic Product GVATI Gross Value Added of Tourism Industries HFCE Household Final Consumption Expenditure IAC-DSAT Inter-Agency Committee on the Development of

Satellite Accounts on Tourism IAC-TS Interagency Committee on Tourism Statistics IRTS International Recommendations for Tourism

Statistics NSCB National Statistical Coordination Board OECD Organisation for Economic Co-operation and

Development PSA Philippine Statistics Authority PTSA Philippine Tourism Satellite Accounts PTSCS Philippine Tourism Statistical Classification

System SNA System of National Accounts TDGVA Tourism Industries Direct Gross Value Added TSA Tourism Satellite Accounts TSA: RMF Tourism Satellite Account: Recommended

Methodological Framework UNWTO World Tourism Organization WTTC World Trade and Tourism Council


29

Technical Notes

Concepts and Definitions Tourism satellite account can be viewed from two perspectives, the demand side and supply side. The demand side refers to the demand for goods and services associated with tourism whereas the supply side refers to the supply of these goods and services. Demand Perspective Travel/traveler - Travel refers to the activity of travellers. A traveller is someone who moves between different geographic locations, for any purpose and any duration (IRTS 2008, para. 2.4). Travel within a country by residents is called domestic travel. Travel to a country by non-residents is called inbound travel, whereas travel outside a country by residents is called outbound travel (IRTS 2008, para. 2.5). Trip refers to the travel by a person from the time of departure from his usual residence until he/she returns: it thus refers to a round trip. A trip is made up of visits to different places (IRTS 2008, para. 2.33). Inbound trip will correspond to the travel between arriving in a country and leaving, whereas a domestic trip or an outbound trip will correspond to the travel between leaving the place of residence and returning. A domestic trip has a main destination in the country of residence of the traveller, while an outbound trip has a main destination outside this country (IRTS 2008, para. 2.31) Visitor is a traveler taking a trip to a main destination outside his/her usual environment, for less than a year, for any main purpose (business, leisure or other personal purpose) other than to be employed by a resident entity in the country or place visited. These trips taken by visitors qualify as tourism trips. Tourism refers to the activity of visitors (IRTS 2008, para. 2.9). Usual environment of an individual, a key concept in tourism, is defined as the geographical area (though not necessarily a contiguous one) within which an individual conducts his/her regular life routines (IRTS 2008, para 2.21). The purpose of introducing the concept of usual environment is to exclude from visitors those travelers commuting regularly between their place of usual


30

residence and place of work or study, or frequently visiting places within their current life routine, for instance homes of friends and relatives, shopping centers, religious, health-care or any other facilities that might be at a substantial distance away or in a different are but are regularly and frequently visited (IRTS 2008, para. 2.23). Tourism is a subset of travel and visitors are a subset of travellers. These distinctions are crucial for the compilation of data on flows of travellers and visitors and for the credibility of tourism statistics (IRTS 2008, para. 2.12). Visitor (domestic, inbound or outbound) is classified as a tourist (or overnight visitor) if his/her trip includes an overnight stay, or as a same-day visitor (or excursionist) otherwise (IRTS 2008, para. 2.13). Forms of Tourism Domestic tourism, which comprises the activities of a resident visitor within the country of reference either as part of a domestic tourism trip or part of an outbound tourism trip (IRTS 2008, para. 2.39a); Inbound tourism, which comprises the activities of a non-resident visitor within the country of reference on an inbound tourism trip (IRTS 2008, para. 2.39b); and Outbound tourism, which comprises the activities of a resident visitor outside the country of reference, either as part of an outbound tourism trip or as part of a domestic tourism trip (IRTS 2008, para. 2.39c). Tourism expenditure is the amount paid for the acquisition of consumption goods and services as well as valuables, for own use or to give away, for and during tourism trips. It includes expenditures by visitors themselves as well as expenses that are paid for or reimbursed by others (IRTS 2008, para. 2.21) Tourism consumption has the same formal definition as tourism expenditure. Nevertheless, the concept of tourism consumption used in the TSA goes beyond that of tourism expenditure. Actually, besides “the amount paid for the acquisition of consumption goods and services, as well as valuables for own use or to give away, for and during tourism trips” that corresponds to monetary transactions (the focus of tourism expenditure), it also includes services associated with vacation accommodation on own account, tourism social transfers in kind and other imputed consumption. (IRTS 2008, para. 2.25)


31

Supply Perspective Tourism characteristic goods and services refer to products that are typical for tourism, which in the absence of visitors, in most countries would probably cease to exist in meaningful quantity or for which the level of consumption would be significantly reduced and for which it seems possible to obtain statistical information (IRTS 2008, para. 5.10). Tourism connected goods and services include those that have been identified as tourism specific in a given country but for which this attribute has not been acknowledged on a worldwide basis. Tourism characteristic activities are the activities that typically produce tourism characteristic products (IRTS 2008, para. 5.11).

Framework of the Philippine Tourism Satellite Accounts The basic reference of PTSA is the International Recommendation for Tourism Statistics 2008 (IRTS 2008) and Tourism Satellite Account: Recommended Methodological Framework 2008 (TSA: RMF 2008) Gross Value Added of Tourism Industries (GVATI) GVATI is the sum of total gross value added of all establishments belonging to tourism industries, regardless of whether all their output is provided to visitors and the degree of specialization of their production process. Tourism Direct Gross Value Added (TDGVA) TGDVA adds the part of gross value added generated by tourism industries and other industries of the economy that directly serve visitors in response to internal consumption. TGDVA also includes the part of gross value added associated with the output of other (non-tourism) industries as long as this output responds to tourism consumption. Tourism Employment Employment in tourism industries may be measured as a count of the persons employed in tourism industries in any of their jobs, as a count of the persons


32

employed in tourism industries in their main job, or as a count of the jobs in tourism industries (IRTS 2008 para. 7.9.)

TSA Tables and Accounts The following are the available tables: Table 1 Inbound Tourism Expenditure

Refers to the expenditure of non-resident visitors within the Philippines


Refers to the expenditure of resident visitors within the country


Refers to the expenditures of Filipino residents outside the Philippine economy


Refers to the tourism consumption of both resident and non-resident visitors within the Philippine economy or the sum of inbound tourism expenditure (Table 1) and domestic tourism expenditure (Table 2).


Refers to supply table that focuses on tourism characteristic products and tourism industries


Refers to the reconciliation of internal tourism consumption with domestic supply

Table 7 Employment in Tourism Industries

Refers to the employment in tourism characteristic industries

Table 8 Derived Indicators

It includes quantitative indicators that are related to the previous tables


33

Sources of Basic Data Demand Side Arrival/Departure (A/D) Card – provide passenger identification and record of a person’s entry to and departure from the country. It is the primary source of information on the volume of inbound visitors in the country Visitor Sample Survey (VSS) – for the information on average expenditures and length of stay of inbound visitors. The survey is conducted by the Department of Tourism (DOT) on a monthly basis. VSS is a personal interview of randomly selected sample of departing visitors in international airports worldwide Meetings, Incentives, Conventions and Exhibitions (MICE) Survey – information from DOT for average expenditures paid on behalf of inbound visitors and domestic visitors Household Survey on Domestic Visitors (HSDV) – used for the volume, average expenditures and length of stay of domestic visitors Regional Travelers – information from Local Government Units (LGUs) and DOT. It is used to extrapolate data on volume of domestic visitors of HSDV Supply Side Census of Philippine Business and Industry (CPBI) – primary source of benchmark estimates for tourism industries and parameters on employment in tourism industries Labor Force Survey (LFS) – provides information on employment generated by industries National Accounts of the Philippines (NAP) – provides the output indicators (derived from sales and revenues) used in deriving the production component of PTSA Input-Output (IO) Table – primary source for the benchmark estimation of the production accounts of tourism and non-tourism industries. It provides information on economic structure of the country. The 2006 IO provides the


34

benchmark ratios used in estimating the production account on tourism industries (GVATI and TDGVA)

Estimation Methodology Table 1 Inbound Tourism Expenditure





- is the sum of product of: o total outbound visitor arrivals (r) o average length of stay (l) o average daily expenditures for each of the expenditure items (e)

𝑇𝐸𝑖𝑛𝑏𝑜𝑢𝑛𝑑 = 𝑟 . 𝑙 . (𝑒𝑖)

7

𝑖=1

7

1

)()()(i

idomestic elrTE


35


- is the sum of inbound (Table 1) and domestic tourism expenditure (Table 2)


- presents the production accounts of tourism industries and other industries in the economy of reference


- is an extension of Table 5 Table 7 Employment in Tourism Industries

- number of persons employed in each of the identified tourism-characteristic industry

PHILIPPINE STATISTICS AUTHORITY

CLAIRE DENNIS S. MAPA, Ph.D. Undersecretary

National Statistician and Civil Registrar General

ROSALINDA P. BAUTISTA (Director II)

Officer-in-Charge Sectoral Statistics Office

VIVIAN R. ILARINA Assistant National Statistician

Macroeconomic Accounts Service

SATELLITE ACCOUNTS DIVISION

ALMA S. BELLO (Supervising Statistical Specialist)

Officer-in-Charge Satellite Accounts Division

Technical Staff JOHN LOURENZE S. POQUIZ

STEPHANIE ROSE R. MOSCOSO CARLYN C. PALENCIA

KRISTINA S. BOSQUILLOS MAEGAN S. SAROCA

MICHELLE FATIMA T. CARANAY JANEL ASLEY Z. RAVIZ

Documents

The PTSA Report.pdf · The Tourism Satellite Account: Recommended Methodological Framework 2008 (TSA: RMF 2008) provides the updated common conceptual framework for constructing a