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Wheelof
Stars:
The Realquinox1
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Introduction
In recent months, I have been mostgratified by the positive reception I havereceived on these calendar presentations,
which are an attempt to simplify the grandthemes in my book Wheel of Stars.
In particular I have seen a good deal ofenthusiasm for the real Biblicalcalendar, as discussed in the basicThe 4 Calendar Laws and Philo andthe New Moon.
2
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Introduction
Recently also I have encountered folkswho seem to largely agree already withthese rules and the way I parse the
Biblical and historical data.They understand very well, for example,
that the Rabbinic calendar is a product ofthe exile, that the role of the stars hasbeen totally lost or at least greatlydownplayed in calling the seasons and avariety of other points of concordance that
I appreciate. 3
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Introduction
After a lengthy discussion in The 4Calendar Rules about astronomy inScripture, the wider historical record and
physics, two different ideologies aboutthe role of the equinox have emerged.
My position is that the new moonnearest the start of spring must alwaysbe counted as Abib.
Others though disagree, saying the NewMoon AFTER the start of spring is always
Abib. We will see who is right and why 5
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Introduction
What is at stake here? Basically, for methe issue is that the moedim were alwaysmeant to go along with key parts of the
harvest season in ancient Israel.This is about a time, place and people that
had no refrigeration, no artificialpreservatives and no geneticallymodified produce that would allowthem to extend their harvest times.Instead, they had to rely on Abba YHWHs
Torah to literally survive each year. 7
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Introduction
As a result, Abba YHWHs calendar wasset up so that, no matter what variationsexisted between the Hebrew and Solar
Year, the moedim would always markthe ideal time for each phase ofharvestingin ancient Israel.
What we moderns are able to do toextend or alter that natural timeline isquite irrelevant. The fact is Abba YHWHdesigned the growing season, what
ripened, and whenHe knows His job! 8
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Introduction
So what we need to do in order to seewhich equinox rule is correct is see howequinoxes were dealt with in Scripture and
Israels history.We will also see why, in spite of our
modern enhancements the originalancient method is superior and stillworks perfectly, totally setting aside ofour attempts to play Elohim. We beginby recapping our evidence of the lost role
of the stars according to Scripture 9
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The Lost Role of the StarsRestored!
10
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The Lost Role of the StarsRestored!
The fact is, the stars have beencommanded by Abba YHWH as being
part of His original calendar fromGenesis 1:14-19.
The role of the stars (or mazzaroth) was
further defined in the book of Job which isalso very ancient. Lets see this up close!
11
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The Lost Role of the StarsRestored!
Elohim said, 'Let there be lights in the vault
of heaven to divide day from night, and let
them indicate signs, seasons, days and
years. Let them be lights in the vault ofheaven to shine on the earth.' And so it was.
Elohim made the two great lights: the
greater light to govern the day, thesmaller light to govern the night, and the
stars. Elohim set them in the vault of
heaven to shine on the earth, to govern 12
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The Lost Role of the StarsRestored!
the day and the night and to divide light
from darkness. Elohim saw that it was
good. Evening came and morning came: the
fourth day. (Genesis 1:14-19)
So the sun, moon and the stars govern
the day and the night, divide light from
darkness. Where then is this role forthe stars utilized in the calendar
schools of today?Now look at this
13
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As long as earth endures: seed-time and
harvest, cold and heat, summer and
winter, day and night will never cease.
(Genesis 8:22)
These terms seed-time and harvest and
summer and winter are known as
equinoxes and solstices today.In orderto track them properly, the role of the stars
must be taken into account! Lets now
see what the book o f Job says
14
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The Lost Role of the StarsRestored!
Can you bind the chains of the Pleiades, or
loose the cords of Orion? Can you lead
forth the constellations in their season,
and guide the Bear constellation with hersatellites? Do you know the ordinances of
the heavens, or fix their rule over the earth?
(Job 38:31-33- Matara)
The Pleiades was anciently used to help
determine the time of spring.15
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The Lost Role of the StarsRestored!
Therefore, whether its constellation in its
season as some render it or
constellations in their season as I have it,
the point is the stars were being usedto determine the start of spring, the
start of the Hebrew calendar!
Other words in Tanakh, such as tekuwfaand teshuvahmean equinox or turns of
the year as Scripture defines it. For
instance 16
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The Lost Role of the StarsRestored!
The heavens are telling of the glory of
Elohim; and their expanse is declaring the
work of His hands. Day to day pours forth
speech, and night to night revealsknowledge. There is no speech, nor are
there words; their voice is not heard. Their
line has gone out through all the earth, andtheir utterances to the end of the world. In
them He has placed a tent for the sun,
which is as a bridegroom coming out 17
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The Lost Role of the StarsRestored!
of his chamber; it rejoices as a strong
man to run his course. Its rising is from
one end of the heavens, and its circuit
(tekuwfa) to the other end of them; andthere is nothing hidden from its heat.
(Psalm 19:1-6 NAU)
It is very interesting that the next line after
this, the perfect solar year, is the law of
YHWH is perfect, converting the soul!18
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The Lost Role of the StarsRestored!
This strongly suggests that part of Abba
YHWHs perfect Torah is keeping His
feasts on time! And then theres this
[Samuel] used to go annually on circuit
(shana bshanavesaviv/ ) toBethel and Gilgal and Mizpah, and he
judged Israel in all these places.
(1 Samuel 7:16 NAU)
19
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The Lost Role of the StarsRestored!
The word savivliterally means to go
around in a circle, and the fact that
Samuel is said to do a yearly circle
strongly proves he knew that sameyearly circle was driven by the sun,
because he always returned to where
he started from, which does not happenin a lunar year!
And then theres the turns of the year
20
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The Lost Role of the StarsRestored!
You shall celebrate the Feast of Weeks, that
is, the first fruits of the wheat harvest, and
the Feast of Ingathering at the turn of the
year(tekuw fa ha shana/ )-Exodus 34:22 NAU
There were two turns of the year, which
again relates to the equinoxes, in thiscase, the one in fall, for Sukkot. Here is
the other one, in spring
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Then the prophet came near to the king of
Israel and said to him, "Go, strengthen
yourself and observe and see what you
have to do; for at the turn of the year(teshuvah ha shana/ ) the king
of Aram will come up against you."
(1 Kings 20:22 NAU; see also: 1 Kings20:26, 2 Chronicles 24:23; 36:10)
And finally, Id like to return to Job 3822
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The Lost Role of the StarsRestored!
Can you bind the chains of the Pleiades, or
loose the cords of Orion? Can you lead
forth the constellations in their season
( ), and guide the Bear constellationwith her satellites? Do you know the
ordinances of the heavens, or fix their rule
over the earth?(Job 38:31-33- Matara)
23
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The Lost Role of the StarsRestored!
This word eth() means seasonandis often a synonym for moedimor
appointed times/feasts that must coincide
with those seasons, such as here
Therefore, I will take back My grain at
harvest time and My new wine in its
season( ). I willalso take away My wool and My flax givento
cover her nakedness. And then I will
24
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The Lost Role of the StarsRestored!
uncover her lewdness in the sight of her
lovers, and no one will rescue her out of My
hand. (Hosea 2:9-10 NAU)
In addition, ethactually refers to the
seasons themselvesdirectlywhich the
moedim technically must be attached to in
order to berelevant. In other words, youcannot have Pesach without barley,
Sukkot without grapes, etc. Lets see
25
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The Lost Role of the StarsRestored!
If you walk in My statutes and keep My
commandments so as to carry them out,
then I shall give you rains in their season
) ), so that the land will yield itsproduce and the trees of the field will
bear their fruit. (Leviticus 26:3-4 NAU)
Ethclearly means the agricultural year,and this is far from the only example I
have to share with you
26
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The Lost Role of the StarsRestored!
He will give the rain for your land in its
season ( ), the early andlate rain,that you may gather in your
grain and your new wine and your oil.(Deuteronomy 11:14 NAU)
They all wait for You To give them their food
in due season( ).(Psalm 104:27 NAU)
27
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The Lost Role of the StarsRestored!
Therefore, since the stars bring in the eth
per Job 38:32
and the ethare either synonyms for the
moedim or the structure to which the
moedim are inextricably attached to the
ethin which they occur (i.e. you cant have
Pesach in summer, etc.)
it must be the case then that the stars
bring in the ethand the moed im!28
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The Lost Role of the StarsRestored!
The question then is: Since we know the
Scripture commands the stars to bring
in the Hebrew year, how exactly is this
done?
Well, with the right foundation now laid,
you are going to see that complete answer
with your own eyes.
The fact is, the stars role in the calendar
has survived, and it is coming up next!29
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Rule #1: How the Stars Set the Year!
30
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Rule #1: How the Stars Set the Year!
But perhaps the most important fact is this:
The barley ripens when the sun returns
to a particular point in space and
shines down on the earth at a particularangle! If you can predict spring, you
can predict barley without looking at it!
There also has to be a standard timinglinked to vernal equinox, because the
barley ripens over 3 weeks in different
areas in Israel. 32
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Rule #1: How the Stars Set the Year!
But there is a way to calculate the timing
of the ripening of barley through most of
Israel, and it has to do with finding the
right New Moon to count the year from
Observe and guard the month of Abib
and celebrate the Passover for Yahweh your
Elohim, because it was in the month of Abibthat Yahweh your Elohim brought you out of
Egypt by night. (Deut. 16:1 Matara)
33
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Rule #1: How the Stars Set the Year!
Again we must remember that Moshe was
a prince of Egypt with advanced
astronomical training that goes far
beyond merely looking at a sliverymoon near a barley field!
Egypt used the stars to tell them when to
plant and harvest, as did every otherculture around Israel, so if Israel didnt
know, they are stupidest people in the
Middle East. 34
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Rule #1: How the Stars Set the Year!
But the fact is, Israel did know how to
seed and harvest by the stars, as the
advanced astronomical language in the
Tanakh proves.
Also there is the testimony of two
historians descended from Hebrew priests
and kingsJosephus and Philowhowere eyewitnesses to the calendar that
both Yshua and the Pharisees used. Lets
hear their testimony now 35
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Rule #1: How the Stars Set the Year!
In the month of Nisanthe beginning of our
year, on the 14thday of the lunar month,
when the sun is in Aries, (for in this month
it was that we were delivered from bondageunder the Egyptians,) the law ordained that
we should every year slay that sacrifice
which I before told you we slew when wecame out of Egypt, and which was called the
Passover. (Josephus, Antiquities, 3:248)
36
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Rule #1: How the Stars Set the Year!
At first glance, the 14thday of the lunar
month of Nisan, when the sun is in Aries
seems a very precise astronomical
convergence of star, sun and moon data.
But Josephus is relating his astronomy
as it existed at the time of the Exodus
some 1500 years before his time and3400+ years from our time, not how the
stars are positioned today!
37
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Rule #1: How the Stars Set the Year!
In 128 BCE, the Greek astronomer
Hipparchus discovered what we now call
precession of the equinoxes.
Hipparchus figured out that every 72
years, a so-called fixed stars
position in the sky will shift a degree
backwards from where it started.So, after 2,160 years (72 x 30), that star
has precessed 30 degrees.
38
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Rule #1: How the Stars Set the Year!
Moses puts down the beginning of the
vernal equinox as the 1stmonth of the
yearfor it is through the bounty of nature
that the seeds which are sown to producethe necessary food of mankind are brought
to perfection. (Philo, On Moses, 2:222)
This phrase beginning of the vernalequinox is a huge and critical clue for
piecing the system together.
41
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Rule #1: How the Stars Set the Year!
Philo recognizes the importance of dating
the start of the Hebrew Solar Year at the
beginning of spring, because this will
give a fixed point in time completelyindependent of the stars precessing
backwards over time. It will never go out
of date! Therefore beginning of vernalequinox is understood as being the same
as the when the sun begins to be in Aries.
42
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Rule #1: How the Stars Set the Year!
Then, going back to Josephus, we see the
importance of the 14thday of that lunar
month, which is the time of the full
moon.
Putting it all together it means this: The
New Moon nearest VE is Abib and the
first full moon of Aries is Passover!This proves, stars, sun and moon cycles
are all part of the Hebrew calendar.43
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Rule #1: How the Stars Set the Year!
But an important question and this point
might be: How do we know the ancient
Hebrews were keeping these kinds of
detailed records?
To answer this question, what follows are
quotes from across the spectrum of
Jewish tradition, from Scripture, Dead SeaScrolls, Talmud and important modern
commentaries on their calendar44
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Rule #1: How the Stars Set the Year!
Then taking [Abraham] outside, [YHWH]
said, 'Look up at the sky and count
(saphar)the stars if you can. Just so will
your descendants be,' he told him.
(Genesis 15:5 NJB)
Saphar/seferis the same word/root for
writing, scroll, or book, so Abraham isliterally commanded to record the stars for
prophecy understanding!45
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Rule #1: How the Stars Set the Year!
Yahweh, Builder of Jerusalem! He gathers
together the exiles of Israel, healing the
broken-hearted and binding up their
wounds; He counts out the number of thestars, and gives each one of them a
name. Our Lord is great, all-powerful, his
wisdom beyond all telling.(Psalm 147:2-5 NJB)
Theres way more where these came from!46
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Rule #1: How the Stars Set the Year!
The chief of the Beth Din then said: "It (the
new moon) is consecrated," and all the
people repeated after him: "It is
consecrated; it is consecrated." Whetherthe new moon was seen at its proper
time (after twenty-nine days) or not, they
used to consecrate it. R. Elazar b. Zadoksaid: If it had not been seen at its proper
time it was not consecrated, because it had
47
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Rule #1: How the Stars Set the Year!
already been consecrated in heaven (i.e., of
itself). R. Gamaliel had on a tablet, and on a
wall of his upper room, illustrations of the
various phases of the moon, which heused to show to the common people, saying:
"Did you see the moon like this figure or like
this?"Rodkinson Mishnah,
Rosh Hashanna, 2:4-548
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Rule #1: How the Stars Set the Year!
On the 4thday of the week of the sons of
Gamul in the first month of the first year. On
the 5thday in the week of Jedaiah
corresponding to the 29thday of the lunarmonth, which falls on the 30thday of the
solar month.-Mishmarot A (4Q320), as
translated by Geza Vermes, The CompleteDead Sea Scrolls in English, p. 336
49
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Rule #1: How the Stars Set the Year!
IVand on 13 and 14 Pisces; and on 15
and 16 Aries; on 17 and 18 Taurus; on 19
and 20 and 21 Gemini; on 22 and 23
Cancer; on 24 and 25 Leo; on 26, 27 and 28
Virgo; on 29 and 30 LibraTishri. On 1 and
2 Scorpio4Q318, The Complete Dead SeaScrolls in English, p. 361
50
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Rule #1: How the Stars Set the Year!
On the 5thday of the (solar) month, 12
fourteenths of the moons surface was
covered and thus it enters the day. On the
6thday, 13 fourteenths of the moon arecovered and thus it enters the day. On the
7thday of it, 14 fourteenths of its surface is
covered and thus it enters the day.- 4Q317,The Complete Dead Sea Scrolls in English,
p. 360.
51
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Rule #1: How the Stars Set the Year!
This is just a very tiny sampling showing
the extent of which ancient Hebrews
recorded stellar, solar and lunar data while
also tracking the Moedim. Not only wouldthe idea of Hebrews not keeping these
lists be un-historical, it would also make
them, as I said before, the mostprimitive civilization in the history of
the Middle East! So heres our rule
again, officially speaking 52
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Rule #1: How the Stars Set the Year!
Rule #1: The New Moon
nearest the start of spring(Vernal Equinox) is always Abib!
53
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Rule #1: How the Stars Set the Year!
Another way to put the same rule is: The
Full Moon that happens first, within 30
days on or after Vernal Equinox, must
be Passover.This is because Passover can never
take place prior to VE day or the start of
spring, but my research has shown thateven if the full moon precedes VE by a few
hours on the same day, its still Passover.54
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Rule #1: How the Stars Set the Year!
Relating these facts to Josephus
description, the first constellation of spring
(then Aries, now Pisces), anchors for us a
time roughly between March 21stand April19thin our current calendar.
The first full moon that happens during this
timeeven on VE day itselfis Pesach.Josephus again is thinking about Exodus,
when 0 degree Aries and VE were one
and the same timing!55
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The Gezer Calendar
56
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The picture you just saw was a large scale
replica done for clarity of reading.
The original however, though smaller and
harder to read, is dated to the 10thcentury BCE and contains some of the
oldest calendar information ever
recovered from ancient Israel!It was found in the ancient Canaanite city
of Gezer (20 miles west of Jerusalem) and
is inscribed in Paleo-Hebrew script.57
The Gezer Calendar
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Dating from the time of David and
Solomon, it reckons civil time from fall to
fall (Tishri-Elul) as we know the southern
kingdom of Judah would do, starting underDavids grandson, Rehoboam.
It is also signed by a man named Abijah
who might be simply its scribe or couldrefer to King Abijah, the son of Rehoboam
himself (2 Chronicles 12:16). Heres what
th is th is key p iece of evidence said...58
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Two months gathering (September,
October).
Two months planting (November,
December).
Two months late sowing (January,
February).
One month cutting flax (March).
One month reaping barley (April).
59
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One month reaping and measuring grain
(May).
Two months pruning (June, July).
One month summer fruit (August).
Obviously the Paleo-Hebrew isnt naming
our Gregorian monthsthey were put in ()
by the scholars translating it. Nevertheless
the Gregorian is accurate because
60
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it is based on a solar year, and my
point is, so was the ancient Hebrew
calendarwhen all its mechanisms are
properly understood.In order for the calendar though to work, it
had to deal with two challenges each and
every year.First, the season for the ripeness of the
barley be linked to the right month for its
usage at Passover.61
The Gezer Calendar
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Choose your Abib New Moon too early,
and your barley simply wont be ready to
wave on the 16th.
I know some of you though will say, Butthat doesnt matterthere is no
priesthood or Temple to fulfill the
mandate, but I say, irrelevant becauseof what the Scripture itself indicates
62
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Yahweh spoke to Moses and said: 'Speak
to the Israelites and say: "When you enter
the country which I am giving you and
reap the harvest there, you will bring thepriest the first sheaf of your harvest, and
he will present it to Yahweh with the
gesture of offering, for you to beacceptable. The priest will make this
offering on the day after the Sabbath, and
63
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on the same day as you make this
offering, you will offer Yahweh an
unblemished lamb one year old as a burnt
offering. The cereal offering for that day willbe two-tenths of wheaten flour mixed with
oil, as food burnt as a smell pleasing to
Yahweh. The libation will be a quarter of ahin of wine.You will eat no bread, roasted
ears of wheat or fresh produce before
64
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this day, before making the offering to
your God. This is a perpetual law for all
your descendants, wherever you live.
(Leviticus 23:9-14 NJB)So basically, once the clock starts forward
as Israel enters Canaan, it keeps the
ritual described 100% intact andunchangeable. More than that, the ritual
cannot ever be altered regardless as to
where the Israelites live.65
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So that means a double layer of
complexity for the start of each Hebrew
year.
Its not enough to hit a new moon thatallows you to wave the sheaf during
Passover
you also have to hit a time AFTER thatnew moon, where 64 days later your
grain harvest is completed! Whats
right for barley may not be for grain.67
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In other words, picking the New Moon that
is always after the start of spring/VE may
work some or even most years.
but it will also fail quite often to meetthese multi-level agricultural requirements,
that the ethor seasons mentioned in Job
and elsewhere always match up withtheir intended moedim, based on the
original agricultural cycle in ancient
Israel!68
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This is also the heart of the Gezer
Calendars design. It has allotted one
month of reaping barley, what we call in
our calendar April.This is because the barley is not picked at
Abib New Moon, which can be as early as
about March 7th.Instead its from the earliest time you could
begin the harvest, 2+ weeks later, late
March, after vernal equinox.69
The Gezer Calendar
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71
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This small chart tell us a lot, as it shows
that nothing has changed for Israels
harvesting timings in more than 3,000
years! The proof of its accuracy is thatthis pattern holds in Israel, year after
year. And notice the calculations for the
end of the harvest are just as intricate asthose at the start in the spring. This goes
back to the Torahs own terminology
for the feasts 72
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You shall observe the Feast of Weeks, of
the first fruits of the wheat harvest; and the
Feast of Ingathering at the turn of the
year. (Exodus 34:22 JPS 1985)Again, turn of the year means equinoxes,
in this case the one in fall.
But I also want to focus on this other namefor Sukkot, Feast of Ingatheringnow
what exactly does that term really mean?73
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, 648 :Ex 2316 ingathering fromthreshing-floor & winepress before
beginning of rainy season, Ex 23163422.
(pg 23)-Holladay Hebrew and AramaicLexicon.
So this is not just around the time of the
start of fall, but specifically early fall,before the rainy season begins,
referring also to the only time of year
when the most could be gathered.74
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This means we have to have our Feast
of Ingathering only when the vast
majority and variety of grains and fruit
was either peaking in harvest season orending altogether.
The rainy season in turn will begin in late
October in Israel, so Sukkot cant touchthat time of year. But if you have an April
17thAbib NM, you will also have a
Sukkot that reaches into November!75
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Heres the problem with that
The rainy season from October to May
may be divided into three parts, the
former, the winter, and the latter rains,and they are often referred to under
these names in the Old Testament. The
"former rains" are the showers ofOctober and the first part of November.
They soften the parched ground so that76
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the winter grain may be sown before theheavy continuous rains set in.
ISBE Bible Encyclopedia
So Sukkot must be at a full moon that
takes all these things into the account:
Fixed to the season of the fall equinox (will
show later), after the harvest of most ofthe fruits has peaked or is over, and be
before the start of the former or early
rains.77
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These requirements then lead us to thesecond and final harvest for Israel, both
then and now.
This is a precise and exclusive time ofyear for the rest of the produce to get
picked and stored, again and we saw, both
before the rains and before the onset ofwinter. Now lets see our chart once
again and how all this lines up in terms
of practical agriculture.78
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As you can see, the harvest is peakingfor grapes, figs, pomegranates and
olives specifically in the September-
October time frameonly olives can stillbe harvested a little into November.
This time is also not far from when
sesame (July), flax (July) and millet (July-August) would have been stored, but wait
until November and its all over.80
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Your grapes will be done, so where is yournew wine for Sukkot? Again, never mind
that modern grapes may last into
November, thats not the point.The point is the grapes that Abba YHWH
originally intended you to use for
Sukkot will be gone!So if your Sukkot occasionally touches
November, its just as bad as when you
Passover touches May.81
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Now it simply comes down to the mathand what first century eyewitnesses to the
Hebrew calendar have to say about how it
worked.Every once in a while, 2026 will be the
next time this happens, you will have
your new moon after VE around April17th. When that happens, your Passover
will begin May 1stand throw off the
entire year.82
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S
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An Abib Full Moon hitting May 1stwill havethat month end May 16th.
29 days later, for the 2ndmonth of Iyar, will
bring you to June 14th, with Sivan startingJune 15th.
Keep adding: 30 days for Sivan, 29 days
for Tammuz, 30 days for Ab, 29 days forElul, and your fall feasts now begin with
your Tishri 1 on October 11th, with
Sukkot hitting on the 25th
.84
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Your grapes, figs and pomegranates haveall been harvested by the end of
September or into the first third of October.
After that time, only the olives might stillremain to be harvested.
So whats the point of a harvest
festival, or an ingathering feast if thereis almost nothing left to harvest or
ingather?85
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That to me is the central problem with thesupposed new moon after Vernal Equinox
is always Abib rule.
On the surface, it appears to work manyyears in a row.
But scrutinize its utility over decades
and centuries and the practice veryquickly falls apart and becomes
inaccurate and chaotic. One time off, is
one time too many!86
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On the fourth day [YHWH] adorned theheaven with the sun, the moon, and the
other stars; and appointed them their
motions and courses, that the changes ofthe seasons might be clearly signified.
(Josephus, Antiquities, 1:31)
So says Josephusbut his predecessorPhilo is even more specific and
comprehensive on this matter, tying feasts
to equinoxes directly87
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And the sun, the ruler of the day, makingtwo equinoxes every year, both in spring
and autumn. The spring equinox in the
constellation of Aries, and the autumnalone in Libra, gives the most evident
demonstration possible of the divine
dignity of the number seven. For each ofthe equinoxes takes place in the seventh
month, at which time men are expressly
88
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hard berries, of which there are greatnumbers, to the autumnal one. (Philo, On
Creation 1:116)
Now wheat and barley are among thethings which are very necessary; as,
likewise, are all the other species of food,
without which it is impossible to live. But oil,and wine, and almonds are not among
necessaries, since men often live without90
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them to the very extremity of old age,extending their life over a number of years.
Accordingly, in this month, about the 14th
day of the month, when the orb of themoon is usually about to become full, the
public universal feast of the passover is
celebrated, which in the Chaldaic languageis called pascha; at which festival not only
do private individuals bring victims to the
91
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altar and the priests sacrifice them, but also,by a particular ordinance of this law, the
whole nation is consecrated and officiates in
offering sacrifice; every separate individualon this occasion bringing forward and
offering up with his own hands the sacrifice
due on his own behalf.(On Moses, 2:223-224)
And Philo is just as specific about Sukkot
in the fall92
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The last of all the annual festivals is thatwhich is called the feast of tabernacles,
which is fixed for the season of the
autumnal equinox. And by this festival thelawgiver teaches two lessons, both that it is
necessary to honor equality, the first
principle and beginning of justice, theprinciple akin to unshadowed light; and that
it is becoming also, after witnessing
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the perfection of all the fruits of the year,to give thanks to that Being who has
made them perfectAgain, the beginning
of this festival is appointed for thefifteenth day of the month, on account of
the reason which has already been
mentioned respecting the spring season,also that the world may be full, not by day
only but also by night, of the most beautiful
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light, the sun and moon on their risingopposite to one another with uninterrupted
light, without any darkness interposing itself
between so as to divide them. And after thefestival has lasted seven days, he adds
an eighth as a seal, calling it a kind of
crowning feast, not only as it would seemto this festival, but also to all the feasts
of the year which we have enumerated;
95
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And besides the stars above mentioned theband of the Pleiades is also made up of
seven stars, the rising and occultation of
which are the causes of great benefits toall men. For when they set, the furrows
are ploughed up for the purpose of
sowing; and when they are about to rise,they bring glad tidings of harvest; and
after they have arisen, they awaken the
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Conclusions
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it is absolutely critical that Abba YHWHpick a system that guarantees prosperity
for the vast majority of Israel every year.
If not, then the Scripture is broken.
If not, then Abba YHWH does not care if
His treasured possession has
enough food or if they are harvesting andcelebrating on time or not.
If not, then this Scripture makes no
sense101
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Today, I call heaven and earth to witnessagainst you: I am offering you life or death,
blessing or curse. Choose life, then, so
that you and your descendants may live,in the love of Yahweh your God, obeying
his voice, holding fast to him; for in this
your life consists, and on this depends thelength of time that you stay in the country
which Yahweh swore to your ancestors
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Abraham, Isaac and Jacob that he wouldgive them. (Deuteronomy 30:19-20 NJB)
Abba YHWH then chooses life
He therefore begs Israel to also chooselife through obedience to His Torah. How
then can that same Torah that promises
life for keeping it, create death whenIsrael keeps it exactly as written?
Therefore, the rule must be, new moon
nearest VE is always Abib!103
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abr hdwtTodah Rabbaheace and blessings
Andrew Gabriel Roth