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The reconditioning of fire-fighting equipment ―
Part 1: Portable rechargeable fire extinguishers ― Specification
BOTSWANA STANDARD BOS 65-1:2003
BOTSWANA BUREAU OF STANDARDS
BO
S 6
5-1:
2003
BOS 65-1:2003
i
Content
Page
Foreword…………....………………………………………………….....……………………………………………...ii
1 Scope………………………….……………………………………………………………………….………..1
2 Normative references…………………………………………….……………………………………………1
3 Definitions……….………………………………………………………………………………………………1
4 General requirements and controls………………………….……………………………………………….3
4.1 Facilities……………………………………………………………...………………………………………3
4.2 Training and registration………….……………………………………….….……………………………3
4.3 Pressure test area…………………...…….………………………….…………………………………….3
4.4 Quality of powder……………………………………………………………………………………………3
4.5 Gas supply…..……………………………………………………………………………………………….4
4.6 Removal of extinguisher from a building………………………………..………………………………..4
4.7 Storage area or receptacles for powder……………………….…………………………………………4
4.8 Charging of extinguishers…….……………………………………………………………………………5
5 Requirements for reconditioning ……………………………….…………………………………………….5
5.1 General requirements…………………………………..…………………………………………………..5
5.2 Procedure for service……………….…………….………………………………………………………..6
5.3 Pressure testing……………………………………..………………………………………………………9
5.4 Procedure on completion of reconditioning………………………………..……………………………11
5.5 Records kept by the reconditioning organization…………………………………….…….…………..11
5.6 Recharging………………………….…………………………...…………………………………………11
6 Fire extinguisher powder…………………………………………………….………………………………12
6.1 Storage of powder…………………………………..…………..…………………………………………12
6.2 Charging of powder………………….…………………………………………..………………………..12
6.3 Disposal of discarded powders…………………………..………………………………………………12
7 Frequency of reconditioning of fire extinguishers ……….……………………..…………………………12
8 Technical personnel……………………………….…………………………………………………………13
8.1 Qualifications, training and experience………………….…………...…………..……………………..13
8.2 Registration of registered person…………………………………...………………………….………..13
Annexes
A (normative) Management of a reconditioning organization…………………………….………...…………..14
B (normative) Fire classification symbols……………..…………………………………………………….…….18
C (informative) Recommended check lists…………………………………………………………..…….……….20
D (informative) Bibliography………………………………………………………………..…..….………………...24
BOS 65-1:2003
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Foreword
This Botswana Standard was approved by the Standards Council on 2003-02-13.
The Botswana Bureau of Standards (BOBS) was established under the Standards Act No.16 of 1995 with a primary responsibility of preparing Botswana Standards.
This Botswana Standard covers the administrative and technical details and controls applicable to the effective reconditioning of any portable rechargeable fire extinguisher.
It covers only fire extinguishers that have been removed from service and presented for reconditioning and are returned for service afterwards.
It does not cover new fire extinguishers that are intended to be sold, offered or in any other way presented for use to a new owner.
During the preparation of this standard assistance was derived from a South African standard SANS 1475 Part 1 published by the South African Bureau of Standards.
The following member organizations were directly represented in the Fire Safety Technical Committee:
Ministry of Labour and Home Affairs, Mr K G Regoeng (Chairperson) Department of Labour
Botswana Bureau of Standards Mr O C Lopang (Technical Secretary)
Multi-Net Fire and Services Mr T Thomson
Firefighting Products and Services Mr C Buckley
Gaborone Private Hospital Mr G L Motsopa
Ministry of Local Government, Mr P Passi Gaborone City Council
Ministry of Local Government, Mr S J Chinoganhira Gaborone City Council
Ministry of Works and Transport, Mr S B Kgokong Department of Civil Aviation Published by: Botswana Bureau of Standards Private Bag BO48 Gaborone, Botswana Telephone: +267 3164044 Fax: +267 3164042 Email: [email protected] Website: www.bobstandards.bw
ICS 13.220.20 © Botswana Bureau of Standards, 2003.
BOS 65-1:2003
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The reconditioning of fire-fighting equipment ―
Part 1:
Portable rechargeable fire extinguishers ― Specification
1 Scope
This part of BOS 65 covers the administrative and technical details and controls applicable to the effective reconditioning of any portable rechargeable fire extinguisher.
It covers only fire extinguishers that have been removed from service and presented for re-conditioning and are afterwards returned to service.
It does not cover new fire extinguishers that are intended to be sold, or offered or in any other way presented for use to a new owner. (The requirements for new extinguishers are covered by the appropriate original manufacturing standard).
NOTE 1 An example of a service label is given in Figure 1.
NOTE 2 A management system for reconditioning organizations is given in Annex A.
NOTE 3 Recommended check lists for inspection and the corresponding corrective action are given in Annex C.
2 Normative references
The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this part of BOS 65. All standards are subject to revision and since any reference to a standard is deemed to be a reference to the latest edition of that standard, parties to agreements based on this part of BOS 65 are encouraged to take steps to ensure the use of the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. Information on currently valid national and international standards can be obtained from Botswana Bureau of Standards.
BOS 9, Pre-packaged goods for the ultimate consumer– Labelling, presentation and advertising – General requirements.
ISO 6406, Periodic inspection and testing of seamless steel gas cylinders.
SANS 1522, Fire extinguishing powders.
SANS 1567, Portable rechargeable fire extinguishers – CO2 type extinguishers.
SANS 10019, Potable metal containers for compressed gases: basic design criteria, use and maintenance.
SANS 10105-1, The classification, use and control of fire fighting equipment– Part 1: Portable fire extinguishers.
BOS ISO 9001, Quality management systems – Requirements.
3 Definitions
For the purposes of this part of BOS 65, the following definitions shall apply:
3.1 acceptable: acceptable to the parties concluding the purchase contract, but in relation to the certification mark and to inspections carried out by the Botswana Bureau of Standards (BOBS), acceptable to BOBS.
3.2 charge: the mass or volume of extinguishing medium contained in an extinguisher, including, when relevant, the expellant.
3.3 container: the outer casing of an extinguisher, that contains the extinguishing medium and that is provided with an aperture or apertures for charging the extinguisher and for the fitting of components such as nozzles, pressure gauges and closures.
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3.4 container fittings: those parts of an extinguisher that, under normal working conditions, are permanently attached to the container and that can be subjected to the working pressure.
3.5 expellant: the agent(s) contained in an extinguisher that provide(s) the internal pressure to expel the extinguishing medium, the pressure being either stored pressure, or obtained by chemical reaction, or by the release of auxiliary gas.
3.6 extinguishing media: the product(s) that cause the fire to be extinguished.
3.7 gas cartridge: a cylindrical container that fits into or is attached to the extinguisher and that contains either compressed or liquefied gas.
3.8 halon: a halogenated hydrocarbon that is used as an extinguishing medium in the form of a vaporizing liquid.
3.9 permanent workshop: premises that are situated on a business site and that are acceptably constructed, protected and permanently equipped (see A.8.1 of Annex A) to cater for the reconditioning of fire-fighting equipment in accordance with the requirements of this part of BOS 65.
3.10 portable fire extinguisher: an extinguisher of mass not exceeding 23 kg, that is capable of being carried and operated in its entirety by one person, and that contains an extinguishing medium that can be expelled by the action of internal pressure and directed onto a fire. Portable fire extinguishers are of the following types:
3.10.1 gas-cartridge type: an extinguisher from which the charge is expelled by means of compressed gas that is released from gas cartridge.
3.10.2 reaction type: an extinguisher from which the charge is expelled by means of gases resulting from a chemical reaction initiated by mechanical means.
3.10.3 stored-pressure type: an extinguisher from which the charge is expelled by means of as that is stored under pressure and that is in contact with the charge.
3.11 rating: (of an extinguisher): a number, accompanying the designation “A” or “B”, that indicates the size of fire that the extinguisher can extinguish.
3.12 recharging: the replacement of the extinguishing medium and, when relevant, of the expellant of an extinguisher in order to return the extinguisher to its effective state of operation.
3.13 reconditioning: prescribed measures that are taken by a registered person to restore the fire extinguisher to full operational readiness, and that include a minor service or a major service and pressure testing at prescribed intervals (see Table 2) but that do not include any repair or modification to the fire extinguisher body.
3.14 repair: the repair of any damage of the fire extinguisher body, including any heating, welding, riveting, peening, grinding or other repair action.
3.15 responsible person: the person (being the owner of the building or a person nominated in writing by the owner) who is responsible for the site control of fire extinguishers and for keeping the necessary records (see SANS 10105-1).
3.16 service: a service that is done annually or (see column 4 of Table 2) on fire extinguishers, by a registered person, to restore the extinguisher to full operational readiness, that includes the details of a service together with internal and external inspection and complete overhaul and, when relevant (see Table 2), a pressure test.
3.17 service vehicle: a vehicle that is stocked and equipped with the appropriate powder(s), repair equipment and testing equipment required to service a fire extinguisher effectively in terms of this part of BOS 65 (see A.8.2.3 of Annex A). It is also furnished with a fully enclosing canopy to protect the powder and equipment against rain and dust.
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3.18 technical personnel
3.18.1 competent person: a person who has acceptable qualifications, training and experience to carry out the effective reconditioning of portable fire extinguishers in terms of this part of BOS 65 and who has been, for the purpose of permit holding, approved by BOBS or any organization recognized by BOBS.
NOTE Competent persons will not automatically become registered persons but will have to be registered by BOBS.
3.18.2 registered person: a person who has acceptable qualifications, training and experience with regard to fire extinguishers and who is accountable for the effective reconditioning of portable rechargeable fire extinguishers in terms of this part of BOS 65 (see clause 8 and Table 3) and who has been approved and registered by BOBS.
3.18.3 service assistant : a person who is involved with all matters related to the reconditioning of fire extinguishers but only under the direct, personal supervision of a registered person.
3.19 test pressure: the pressure (marked on the extinguisher, either on the label or on the body of the container, as relevant) at which the container of the fire extinguisher was tested at the time of manufacture.
3.20 working pressure: the marked operating pressure of an extinguisher, as stated by the manufacturer.
4 General requirements and controls
4.1 Facilities
The reconditioning of extinguishers shall be done in an acceptably and appropriately equipped permanent workshop, supported, when relevant, by a service vehicle.
4.2 Training and registering of staff
All staff members involved in the reconditioning of extinguishers shall have been trained and, where relevant, registered (see clause 8 and Table 3), to ensure that each section of the work is carried out in a safe and workmanlike manner.
They shall have been made fully aware of any dangers involved in the reconditioning and use of an extinguisher.
4.3 Pressure test area
Owing to the dangers involved, pressure testing shall be treated with particular caution.
The pressure test area shall be so constructed or arranged that the safety of all personnel is ensured.
NOTE If water is used for pressure testing, parts will not, if failure should occur, be caused to scatter. For this reason all air should be removed from the cylinder while it is being filled with the water.
4.4 Quality of powder
4.4.1 New powder
Only powder that complies with the requirements of SANS 1522 shall be used for refilling fire extinguishers.
4.4.2 Re-usable powder
If, during servicing, powder is removed for the effective inspection and control of a cylinder, the powder may be re-used, subject to the following:
The powder shall be sieved and if it is determined, during sieving, that the powder is free from lumps, the powder may be re-used; if not, it shall be discarded. Powder so qualified for re-use shall be identified with the cylinder from which it was removed.
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4.5 Gas supply
4.5.1 Compressed air (or gas) supply for cleaning
All workshops shall be provided with an effective supply of compressed air (or dry gas) for cleaning the components of extinguishers and for charging water type and foam type extinguishers.
NOTE Since compressed air contains moisture, all components have to be properly dried after cleaning and before the extinguisher is charged.
4.5.2 Nitrogen supply
All workshops involved with the charging of stored-pressure type extinguishers shall be furnished with a suitable supply of nitrogen and an acceptable pressure control device for the pressurizing (charging) of stored-pressure containers.
NOTE The specification(s) relevant to the type of extinguisher being reconditioned should be consulted.
4.6 Removal of extinguishers from a building
Normally, the site inspection carried out in accordance with the provisions of SANS 10105-1 will reveal whether an extinguisher requires reconditioning and the extinguisher will then be removed for this purpose. Removal shall be evenly distributed and not more than 50 % of the available fire extinguishers on any floor or any site shall be removed from service at any one time. Extinguishers shall not be removed, during reconditioning, from the immediate vicinity of the site. If a cylinder has to be removed from site the necessary arrangements shall be made with the responsible person to ensure satisfactory protection.
NOTE 1 The necessary agreement should be made between the responsible person and the reconditioner regarding the refilling and replacement of used (empty) fire extinguishers.
NOTE 2 Fire extinguishers shall not be removed from service for the purpose of training personnel.
4.7 Storage area or receptacles for powder
4.7.1 General
Different grades and types of powder shall not be mixed.
4.7.2 New powder
Areas or receptacles marked or identified for the storage of new powder shall be protected to prevent contamination by water, water vapour, dust and any other foreign material or other types of powder.
4.7.3 Discarded powder
Areas or receptacles marked or identified for the storage of discarded powder before its disposal shall be protected to ensure that the powder cannot in any way cause contamination of new powder or be used unintentionally to charge reconditioned extinguishers. Discarded powder shall preferably be kept in sealed or clearly identified receptacles.
4.7.4 Re-usable powder
Areas or receptacles marked or identified for the storage of re-usable powder shall be protected to prevent contamination by water, water vapour, dust and any other foreign material or other types of powder.
4.7.5 Floor sweepings
Powders that are collected from the workshop floor or from the floor in the work area shall be discarded and shall not be used to fill extinguishers.
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4.8 Charging of extinguishers
4.8.1 Filling area
The extinguisher filling area shall be acceptably draught-free and clean and so designed and constructed as to render it free from contamination from other areas and by other services.
4.8.2 Precautions for sieving
Particular care shall be taken when sieving chemical dry powder to ensure that the very small particle size component of the powder (powder dust, which contributes to the effectiveness of the powder) is not lost through draughts or too vigorous sieving.
4.8.3 Protection
Workmen shall be furnished with the necessary personal protective equipment and shall have been warned of any dangerous actions and of the presence of any dangerous chemicals. The protective equipment shall be maintained in a good and clean condition.
4.8.4 Carbon dioxide (CO 2) extinguishers
CO2 extinguishers shall be charged with CO2 that complies with the requirements of SANS 1567.
4.8.5 Foam extinguishers
Foam extinguishers shall be charged only with the type of foam marked on the extinguisher label.
5 Requirements for reconditioning
5.1 General requirements
5.1.1 Reconditioning
Reconditioning of fire extinguishers shall be done by or supervised by a registered person.
5.1.2 Extent of reconditioning
Reconditioning of an extinguisher shall ensure that the extinguisher is restored to full and effective operational readiness and complies with the requirements of the original manufacturer.
5.1.3 Extinguisher conversion
An extinguisher of one type shall not be converted to an extinguisher of another type or be altered to accommodate a different type or grade of extinguisher medium.
5.1.4 Topping-up of extinguisher media
If, during service, an extinguisher proves to be undercharged and the undercharge does not exceed 5 % of the marked charge, the extinguisher may be serviced without re-adjustment of the medium. If the undercharge exceeds 5 %, the extinguisher shall be treated as follows:
a) powder, CO2 and foam extinguishers shall not be topped up but shall be emptied and fully recharged; and
b) other extinguishers may be topped up.
5.1.5 Servicing of fire extinguishers
Fire extinguishers shall be reconditioned in terms of a service procedure, or a pressure testing procedure, as relevant (see 5.2 and 5.3 and Table 2).
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5.2 Procedure for service
5.2.1 General
During a service, the relevant of the following procedures shall be carried out.
NOTE Additional requirements may, however be applied as deemed fit by the registered person. Annex C gives a checklist that could be used as a quick reference guide during reconditioning.
5.2.2 General procedure applicable to all types of extinguishers.
WARNING – For safety, consider all extinguishers to be pressurized and therefore the pressure has to be relieved carefully, in an appropriate and saf e way, before the extinguisher is opened.
Inspect all threads for mechanical damage and ease of operation. If necessary, replace defective parts. (If the neck threads are damaged, replace the container).
Examine all seals and sealing edges for physical damage. If necessary, replace defective parts.
Using dry compressed air or inert gas, clear all channels and ducts through which extinguishing medium and expellant flow, and check for damage, corrosion and blockage. If necessary, replace defective parts.
Clean and examine the nozzle, fire hose, mounting bracket, strainer, internal discharge tube and breather valve. If necessary, repair or replace defective parts.
Check all moving parts of components (i.e operating levers, plungers, discharge control valves, safety relief valves, pressure indicators, expansion devices, etc) for ease of movement and correct functioning. If necessary, repair or replace defective parts.
Where piercing mechanisms are fitted, check that the piercing pin is sharp, firm and of the correct length, and that the sealing disc complies with the requirements of the original manufacturer.
After decanting the extinguishing medium, do an internal and external inspection for damage to or corrosion of the cylindrical body, paying special attention to seams or joints and to the underside of the top-dome.
NOTE This does not apply to CO2 fire extinguishers.
If the extinguisher is to be pressure tested (see Table 2), do the pressure test as given in 5.3. If the extinguisher cannot be tested effectively it shall be condemned.
Where control valves are fitted, check for free passage when the valves are open and effective sealing when they are closed, and, if necessary, clean, adjust or replace valves.
Pressurize stored-pressure type extinguishers with the use of a separate and calibrated test pressure gauge (of rating at least twice the working pressure of the fire extinguisher) and a pressure control valve. (Do not use any pressure-indicating device fitted onto the extinguisher as the calibrated test pressure gauge). After pressurizing and with the test pressure gauge still connected, check whether the reading on the pressure-indicating device mounted on the extinguisher corresponds with the working pressure. If it does not, replace the pressure-indicating device and pressurize the extinguisher. Do a leakage test (see 5.6.5).
Clean the vent holes (or other venting device) in the filler cap or neck ring.
When all the relevant inspection and service procedures have been completed.
a) assemble the extinguisher in accordance with the requirements of the original manufacturer and, when relevant, check the type of head assembly and thread;
b) refit the safety clip (i.e the device that prevents inadvertent operation) and fit a new wire seal (or equivalent) of the type originally fitted (where this has been removed);
c) record, indelibly and on an acceptable, waterproof, adhesive label (see Figure 1 for example) that is firmly fixed to the extinguisher, the following information:
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1) the name of the reconditioning organization;
2) the identification number or name of the qualified person;
3) the date of inspection and maintenance
4) the next service due date; and
5) the full mass;
NOTE In respect of the mark scheme, contact BOBS with regard to an acceptable labelling system.
d) record (when relevant), indelibly and on an acceptable, waterproof, adhesive label, the date of the pressure test and the test pressure, in kilopascals. When a container fails a pressure test (see SANS ISO 6406) withdraw the container from service and advise the customer accordingly; and
e) advise the responsible person of the information in (c) and (d) above, for inclusion in his records.
5.2.3 Instruction label
Check the legibility, correctness and completeness of the markings on the label(s) and, if necessary, replace each label with a new label that gives all the information required by BOS 9.
All labels must be of a quality to last at least one year but pressure test labels must last at least 5 years even in adverse environmental conditions.
Overall maintenance label Servicing
Organization Date Identification
number/Name Date of next
service Full mass
kg
Figure 1 – Typical service label
5.2.4 Water extinguishers
5.2.4.1 Open the extinguisher and pour out the contents.
5.2.4.2 Check the lining (if applicable) and if it has become separated from the sides, condemn the extinguisher.
5.2.4.3 Recharge the container with water up to the liquid-level indicator. Refer to the requirements of the original manufacturer for guidance on the use of additives (such as anti-freeze or corrosion inhibitor).
5.2.4.4 Where relevant, carry out the appropriate of the steps given in 5.2.2.
5.2.5 Foam extinguishers
5.2.5.1 Open the extinguisher, check the level of the liquid and pour the charge into a clean container or, where relevant, remove the foam concentrate container and empty the extinguisher.
5.2.5.2 Flush the container with clean water and remove any residue.
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5.2.5.3 Check the lining. If it has separated from the sides, condemn the extinguisher.
5.2.5.4 Where the foam concentrate is in a separate container, check this container for leakage. Replace the container if there are signs of leakage.
5.2.5.5 If the charge is of the synthetic fire-fighting foam type, refill the extinguisher with the original main liquid charge. In the case of an extinguisher that has a separate container for the foam concentrate, recharge the extinguisher with clean water up to the water-level indicator, in accordance with the requirements of the original manufacturer.
5.2.5.6 If the charge is of the protein type, discard the charge and recharge the extinguisher with a fresh charge, in accordance with the requirements of the original manufacturer.
5.2.5.7 Where relevant, carry out the appropriate of the steps given in 5.2.2.
5.2.6 Carbon dioxide (CO 2) extinguishers
WARNING – These extinguishers are charged to a very high pressure. They may be opened for inspection only after having been fully discharged.
5.2.6.1 Determine the gross mass of the charge and compare it with that given on the label or recorded when the extinguisher was put into service.
5.2.6.2 If the mass of the charge is less than that recommended by the manufacturer or if it is less than 95 % of the original mass, recharge the extinguisher in accordance with the requirements of the original manufacturer.
5.2.6.3 An overcharge not exceeding 5 % is allowed.
5.2.6.4 Clean and examine the hose, horn and other operating parts. If they are not in good condition, replace them.
5.2.6.5 Where relevant, carry out the appropriate of the steps given in 5.2.2.
5.2.6.6 Do a leakage test (see 5.6.5).
5.2.7 Halon extinguishers
WARNING – As these extinguishers are pressurized, t hey can be opened for inspection only after having been safely discharged. Compliance with the Montreal Protocol 1) prohibits the discharge of halons into the free atmosphere. It is therefore re commended that the charge be collected and stored for alternative safe use, if possible. The Montreal Protocol also requires these extinguishers to be phased out. (The relevant trial period will be giv en in due course).
5.2.7.1 Determine the gross mass of the extinguisher and compare it with that recorded when the extinguisher was put into service. If the mass of the charge is less than recommended by the manufacturer of if it is less than 95 % of the original mass, recharge the extinguisher in accordance with the requirements of the original manufacturer.
5.2.7.2 Check whether the pressure-indicating device (if fitted) reflects the correct internal pressure. (Where such a device is not fitted, use a test gauge to check the internal pressure). If the extinguisher shows a loss in pressure that exceeds 5 % repressurize it in accordance with the requirements of the original manufacturer.
5.2.7.3 Where relevant, carry out the appropriate of the steps given in 5.2.2.
5.2.7.4 Do a leakage test (see 5.6.5).
1) Montreal protocol 16 Sept. 1987.
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5.2.8 Special precautions during servicing of dry-p owder extinguishers (see also 5.6.2)
When any dry-powder extinguisher is opened for inspection and servicing (see 5.2.9 and 5.2.10), ensure that the following precautions are observed:
a) in order to minimize the effect of atmospheric moisture on the powder, open the extinguisher in a dry workplace only and for the minimum time necessary for examination; and
b) ensure that powder that is removed from the extinguisher and that has to be saved during servicing, is stored in properly cleaned, dry storage receptacles.
5.2.9 Stored-pressure dry-powder extinguishers
5.2.9.1 Depressurize the extinguisher (see 5.2.8) to atmospheric pressure, taking care to prevent spillage of powder due to discharge. Open the extinguisher and pour the powder into a clean, dry receptacle.
5.2.9.2 Remove the discharge hose (if fitted) from the discharge-hose adaptor. Using dry compressed air (or dry gas), remove all traces of powder from the inside and the outside of the container, discharge hose, nozzle, control valve assembly, filter cap and actuating mechanism.
5.2.9.3 Sieve the powder (see the precautions given in 5.6.2) through a sieve of nominal aperture 2 mm, and examine the powder. If the powder is free from lumps, cakes and foreign matter, it may be saved for re-use (see 4.7 and 5.2.8(b)); otherwise discard it and replace it with a complete new charge. Powder that has caked, has developed lumps or contains foreign matter is unsuitable for further use in an extinguisher. Under no circumstances may the cakes, lumps or foreign material be removed (for example, by screening) and the remaining portion returned to a fire extinguisher.
5.2.9.4 Recharge the extinguisher in accordance with the requirements of the original manufacturer (mass and pressure) given on the label.
5.2.9.5 Refit the discharge hose.
5.2.9.6 Before fitting the filler cap, examine and, if necessary, replace the sealing washer or O-ring.
5.2.9.7 Using a calibrated control test pressure gauge and an acceptable pressure control device on the supply line, pressurize the extinguisher to the correct working pressure, using dry nitrogen.
5.2.9.8 Note whether the reading on the pressure indicator on the fire extinguisher corresponds with the working pressure. If it does not, replace the indicator and repressurize the extinguisher. Check the operation and calibration of the pressure indicator.
5.2.10 Cartridge-operated dry-powder extinguishers
It was recommended by the technical committee that cartridge-operated dry-powder extinguishers shall not be allowed in operation.
NOTE This type of extinguisher has caused a number of accidents (some serious) in the past. The main reason for the accidents was improper repair due to a variety of unstandardized component parts.
5.3 Pressure testing (all types of extinguishers)
5.3.1 General
During service, carried out at intervals as given in Table 2, do the appropriate pressure testing of components, using appropriate equipment and facilities. Ensure that pressure testing is done or supervised by a registered person who has practical knowledge of pressure-testing equipment, procedures and safety precautions. If testing is done with air or gas, pay special attention to the method of testing and the safety precautions taken to ensure the safety of operators and other personnel.
5.3.2 Rejection of the container
Condemn any extinguisher container that:
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a) has been repaired by means of soldering, brazing, welding or the use of patching components;
b) has damaged screw threads;
c) exhibits excessive corrosion of damage,
d) has been burnt in a fire,
e) is of stainless steel and has been in use with a calcium chloride type of extinguishing agent (water and powder with a high chloride content are not compatible with certain types of stainless steel), or
f) is constructed of copper or brass joined by soft solder or by riveting or that is manufactured from a non-metallic material. (The reliability and safety of such extinguishers cannot be determined by standard pressure testing).
5.3.3 Frequency of testing
Do pressure testing of extinguisher containers when the interval since the last pressure test equals or exceeds the appropriate interval given in Table 2.
5.3.4 Container test pressure
The test pressure applied to a container shall be as indicated on the container. Where a test pressure is not indicated, use the appropriate pressure given in Table 1.
Table 1 – Test pressure for containers (if not indi cated on the extinguisher)
Extinguisher type Test pressure
Carbon dioxide extinguisher
All other extinguishers
22 000 kPa
The greater of 2 000 kPa and double the working pressure
Servicing Organization
Date Test pressure kPa
Date of next test Service technician
Figure 2 – Typical pressure test label
5.3.5 Test equipment
5.3.5.1 For hydrostatic pressure-testing of extinguisher containers, use equipment that consists of:
a) a hydrostatic test pump of capacity at least 1.5 times the test pressure of the container under test;
b) a pressure gauge that will give readings accurate to within 2 % (or less) of the test pressure; and
c) the necessary high-pressure flexible connections for attachment of the container to the pump.
5.3.5.2 For leakage testing, use an acceptable type of gas detection system or an acceptable under-water system.
5.3.5.3 Use proper drying equipment to dry thoroughly all non-water type extinguishers that have been subjected to the pressure test.
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5.3.5.4 Ensure that sieve screens are of nominal aperture 2 mm.
5.3.5.5 Keep test equipment in a good condition.
5.3.6 Procedure
Carry out pressure testing in accordance with the requirements of the original manufacturer for the class or type of extinguisher being tested.
5.3.7 Failures
When a container fails a pressure test (see SANS ISO 6406), furnish it with a recommendation (on an adhesive label or applied by permanent marker pen) regarding the failure and required action (for example, “Destroy”), and return the container to the customer/responsible person.
5.4 Procedure on completion of reconditioning
On completion of reconditioning, ensure that:
a) the head and, when relevant, the gas cartridge, are effectively tightened;
b) all seals are intact; and
c) the relevant records, required in accordance with 5.5, have been drawn up for the attention of the customer or responsible person.
5.5 Records kept by the reconditioning organization
In addition to providing the required label (see 5.2.3 and Figure 1), draw up for the attention of each customer and for each extinguisher, a record that contains at least the following information, as relevant:
a) the name of the customer;
b) the date of completion of reconditioning;
c) the date of recharging;
d) the date of pressure testing;
e) the date of internal inspection;
f) the mass of the charge and the date on which the mass was determined;
g) the next service due date;
h) any change in the type of extinguisher;
i) any replacement of an extinguisher and the reason for such replacement; and
j) if relevant, that the cylinder has to be condemned.
NOTE The information shall be kept by the reconditioning organization for at least five years.
5.6 Recharging (see also 4.8)
5.6.1 Recharging after use
Whether an extinguisher was fully discharged during use or not, it shall be fully recharged for future service. The recharging shall be done in accordance with the requirements of the original manufacturer and in accordance with the relevant requirements given in 5.2.
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5.6.2 Recharge materials
5.6.2.1 Use only recharge materials specified by the manufacturer of the extinguisher or, if this is not possible and materials from another source to be used, ensure that such other materials are identical with the specified recharge materials, both in composition and in physical characteristics.
5.6.2.2 Do not use powders that are not clearly identified or powders that might have been subjected to unsatisfactory storage conditions.
5.6.2.3 Under no circumstances mix powders of different types. (Some powder mixtures react, sometimes after a long delay, to produce water and carbon dioxide, which causes caking of the powder and, in closed containers, a rise in pressure. This rise in pressure could cause an extinguisher to burst).
5.6.3 Removal of moisture
Ensure that powder, halon and carbon dioxide extinguishers are completely free from water or water vapour before they are recharged.
5.6.4 Recharging of carbon dioxide (CO 2) extinguisher
Ensure that the CO2 content of the vapour phase is at least 99.5 %. Ensure that the water content of the liquid phase does not exceed 0.01 % and that the oil content of the CO2 does not exceed 10 mg/kg.
Recharge in accordance with 5.2.6.
5.6.5 Leakage test
After pressurizing a stored-pressure type extinguisher, carry out the leakage test given in the requirements of the original manufacturer.
NOTE An acceptable method of test is to place the fully charged, pressurized and equipped extinguisher in a water bath and to check if any bubbles are escaping from any part of the complete extinguisher.
6 Fire-extinguishing powder
6.1 Storage of powder
Powder shall be stored in enclosed, clean and dry receptacles (tanks, storage bins or the original, unopened supply containers). Separate receptacles, clearly marked with the name of the powder, shall be kept for each type of powder. Powders shall not be stored in receptacles assigned to other powders. If the use of one type of powder has been discontinued, the receptacle concerned shall be thoroughly cleaned before another type of powder is stored in it, (see also 4.7).
6.2 Charging of powder
An extinguisher shall be charged with the mass of powder that is marked on the cylinder. Spilled powder collected from the floor of the filling area shall not be used.
6.3 Disposal of discarded powders
Discarded powder shall be disposed off safely and effectively. Such powder shall not be allowed to contaminate any fresh powder in stock.
7 Frequency of reconditioning of fire extinguishers
All extinguishers shall be subjected to a thorough service and a pressure test of the container at appropriate intervals, as given in Table 2.
In environmental and service conditions that would adversely affect the performance of an extinguisher, these intervals should be reduced.
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Table 2 – Frequency of reconditioning of fire extin guishers
Interval
(Years)
Extinguisher Type
Container material
Cartridge or stored-pressure operation
Service Pressure test
(container)
Water MS
MS
SS
CO
SP
SP
1
1
1
3
5
5
Foam MS
MS
SS
CO
SP
SP
1
1
1
1
5
5
CO2 - SP 1 5
Halon - SP 1 5
Dry powder MS
MS
AI
SS
SP
CO
SP
SP
11)
1
1
11)
5
3
5
5
Key to the symbols: MS – Mild steel
SS – Stainless steel
CO – Cartridge-operated
SP – Stored-pressure
AI – Aluminium
1) Six monthly maintenance is required for extinguishers that are mounted on vehicles or that are subject to vibration, because the powder could become compacted or that are subject to adverse climatic conditions.
8 Technical personnel
8.1 Qualifications, training and experience
The technical personnel involved in the reconditioning of fire extinguishers in accordance with this standard, or who are employed to do such reconditioning, shall have the following qualifications (see Table 3):
a) registered person: the appropriate registration; and
b) service assistant: in-house training appropriate to his responsibilities.
8.2 Registration of registered person
The registered person shall be registered and approved by BOBS and shall carry proof of such registration.
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Table 3 – Qualification requirements
Personnel
description
Responsibilities Qualification registration
Practical
experience
Service assistant All matters relating to reconditioning, but under direct and personal supervision of a registered person
In-house training To be gained by appropriate training
Registered person
Inspection, evaluation, testing and complete refurbishing of fire extinguisher
Acceptably qualified and certified
Proof of training and practical experience1)
1) The extent of training and experience is to be evaluated by the registration committee nominated by BOBS (see A.3.2).
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Annex A (normative)
Management of a reconditioning organization
A.1 General
The requirements given in this annex are based on BOS ISO 9001, which defines the basic managerial controls necessary to supplement the technical requirements of this part of BOS 65 and, in respect of the certification mark, will form part of the specific conditions under which the mark is awarded.
A.2 Organization control
A.2.1 The organization shall employ a manager (who may be the registered person) who is accountable for his own actions and for those of all other personnel who are employed by the organization, permanently or temporarily, in the fulfilment of contracted work on behalf of a client. He shall have the authority and responsibility to implement and maintain a quality management system that ensures the effective reconditioning of fire extinguishers.
A.2.2 It is the responsibility of the manager to be fully conversant with the requirements and controls set out in this part of BOS 65, and to ensure that all employees of the organization perform their duties in the approved way.
A.2.3 The manager may delegate responsibilities and the associated authority to other employees of the organization so that they can perform their duties more effectively. Such delegation shall be in writing. Delegation of responsibility and authority shall be based on demonstrated knowledge, ability and competence in dealing with problems related to reconditioning.
A.2.4 Job descriptions or equivalent documents shall be prepared for all key personnel involved in the reconditioning of fire extinguishers. Responsibilities and authorities shall be clearly defined in these documents.
A.2.5 Work instructions shall be prepared and issued for all major activities related to the reconditioning of fire extinguishers.
A.3 Personnel
A.3.1 General
All technical personnel who perform duties in accordance with the requirements of this part of BOS 65 shall be appropriately qualified. (Information regarding appropriate qualifications is given in clause 8 and Table 3).
A.3.2 Identification of registered persons
All registered persons shall be in possession of a “Proof of Registration” card issued by the company applying for the permit and controlled by BOBS. The card shall be the property of the permit holder, shall carry the following information and shall be used as identification to prove to customers and legal controlling authorities (the relevant Fire Department, the Department of Labour or, in the case of the certification mark, BOBS) that the holder is a registered operator:
a) the name of the holder;
b) a photograph of the holder;
c) the date of issue;
d) the holder’s registration number ; and
e) an expiry date.
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A.3.3 Responsibilities of technical personnel
A.3.3.1 Registered person
The registered person shall be responsible for all activities regarding the acceptable and correct reconditioning of fire extinguishers, the signing off of incoming and delivered goods and activities of the service assistant(s).
A.3.3.2 Service assistant
The service assistant may perform technical activities related to the reconditioning of fire extinguishers, but only under direct supervision of a registered person.
A.3.4 On-the-job training
Special attention shall be paid to on-the-job training of staff. The responsibilities and authority laid down in job descriptions and the details given in work instructions shall also be dealt with during training courses.
A.3.5 Register of technical personnel
The manager shall maintain an up-to-date register of his technical staff and their approved level of competence.
A.4 Components
Components that are specified to a particular make and type of extinguisher, such as extinguisher heads and nozzle, pressure indicators and labels, shall be properly identified as such and shall be kept separate.
A.5 Production control equipment
A.5.1 All production control equipment required for reconditioning shall be listed. A separate list shall be kept and identified for each place of reconditioning, i.e at the main workshop and, when relevant, in each service vehicle.
A.5.2 The list of production control equipment shall be verified at least once a week, to ensure that the list is complete and that all equipment is in good working order.
A.5.3 Equipment such as mass meters, pressure gauges and sieves shall be stored in locations where they cannot be damaged.
A.5.4 Mass meters and pressure gauges shall be calibrated against appropriate reference instruments at least once a week.
A.6 Production
A.6.1 General
A.6.1.1 All reconditioning activities shall be carried out in accordance with the requirements of this part of BOS 65. Environmental conditions shall not adversely affect the quality of the extinguishing medium or the functioning of the extinguisher. In this regard, special attention shall be paid to the conditions prevailing in the vicinity of service vehicles.
A.6.1.2 All reference instruments referred to in A.5.4 shall be checked annually against a master gauge and the results of all calibrators recorded.
A.6.1.3 Carbon dioxide extinguishers, after having been hydraulically tested, shall be stamped as required by the original manufacturer or by SANS 10019, and the appropriate records shall be kept.
A.6.1.4 A record shall be kept of all extinguishers, that cannot be reconditioned and the action that has been taken in respect of such extinguishers.
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A.6.2 Final inspection
A.6.2.1 Each extinguisher shall be inspected after reconditioning (including filling) to ensure that it complies with all the requirements of the relevant standard.
A.6.2.2 After final inspection, each extinguisher shall be fitted with a service label that gives all the appropriate information and that has been signed by the registered person who carried out the final inspection (see clause A.3).
A.6.3 Protection of product quality
Where relevant, a system shall be established to ensure protection during transportation and storage of extinguishers after they have been reconditioned, inspected and signed off.
A.7 Documentation
A.7.1 Complaints
Any complaints received shall be investigated and corrective action taken to prevent a recurrence of the defect. All such complaints and actions shall be recorded. The records shall be kept at the main workshop and they shall indicate the name of the employee who dealt with the complaint.
A.7.2 Reference documents
The latest editions of the appropriate standards, signed by the management representative, shall be kept and shall at all times be available for reference by any employee.
A.7.3 Control
All issued documents, drawings, records, procedures and instructions shall be controlled to ensure that only up-to-date documents are used.
All documents shall be signed and date marked by the management representative.
A.8 Plant and equipment
A.8.1 Tools and production control equipment in per manent workshops
The list of tools and equipment shall, in addition to the normal trade-man’s hand tools, include at least the following:
a) a hydrostatic pressure testing unit;
b) when relevant, an acceptable high-pressure testing unit;
c) a mass meter of capacity suitable for the duty, and that can measure accurately to within 0.1 kg;
d) a mass meter of capacity suitable for the duty, and that can measure accurately to within 1 g;
e) a sieve with screen of nominal aperture 2 mm;
f) a calibrated test gauge of diameter size at least 100 mm;
g) regulator valves and safety relief valves;
h) drying equipment;
i) an inspection light;
j) an acceptable range of calibrated mass pieces; and
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A.8.2 Vehicles used for reconditioning purposes
A.8.2.1 Vehicle types
Vehicles shall be acceptably identified for one of the following sets of duties:
a) administration vehicle: for regular inspections, deliveries and collection; or
b) service vehicle : for on-site servicing
A.8.2.2 Administration vehicle for regular inspecti ons, deliveries and collection
Each vehicle shall only be used for the transportation of inspection personnel, the collection of fire extinguishers for reconditioning and the delivery of reconditioned fire extinguishers. It shall not be used for any servicing duties.
A.8.2.3 Service vehicle
Each service vehicle shall carry a written description of the duties for which it is intended and the information (kept in an acceptable, weatherproof file) shall at all times be available for inspection by the controlling authority (the relevant Fire Department, the Department of Labour or in the case of the certification, BOBS). The vehicle shall be appropriately and acceptably equipped and stocked for the work to be done and in accordance with the requirements of this part of BOS 65. The vehicle shall be furnished with a fully enclosing canopy to protect powder and equipment against rain and dust.
Each service vehicle shall be furnished with a file that contains at least the following information;
a) authorization by the manager of the reconditioning organization;
b) a description of the duties for which the vehicle is intended;
c) the vehicle registration number;
d) the names of the registered person and his assistant(s);
e) job descriptions or equivalent documents relating to the duties of the workmen mentioned in (d)
f) a list of tools and equipment applicable to the particular workshop (see A.8.1) and suitable to carry out the reconditioning of fire extinguishers acceptably;
g) proof of calibration of control equipment (see 5.3); and
h) a copy of the BOBS certification of compliance.
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Annex B (normative)
Fire classification symbols
B.1 General
B.1.1 Fire classification symbols are used to identify the suitability of an extinguisher for use on one or more specific classes of fire.
B.1.2 Figure B.1 shows the symbols that appear on a fire extinguisher that is suitable for use on a class BC fire but not suitable for use on a fire of Class A.
B.1.3 Figure B.2 shows the symbols that appear on a fire extinguisher that is suitable for use on Class ABC fire.
Figure B.1 ― Symbols that appear on a fire extinguisher suitabl e for use on a class BC fire
Figure B.2 – Symbols that appear on a fire extingui sher suitable for use on a class ABC fire
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B.2 Colour of symbols
The colours of the various parts of the fire classification symbols shown in Figures B.1 and B.2 shall be as given in the latest edition of the standard appropriate to the fire extinguisher that is being reconditioned. Table B.1 gives a general guide.
Table B.1 ― Colour identification of classification symbols
Part of symbol Colour
Picture objects (for example, frame, socket, wood), letters A B and C and borders of picture objects and of letters…………………………………………………
Background of picture objects and of letters………….
Slash through symbol and through letter A…………...
White
Red
Black
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Annex C (informative)
Recommended check-lists
The following check-lists are given as a general guide to be followed during the reconditioning of fire extinguishers.
Table C.1 covers the mechanical details and Table C.2 covers expellants and other general details.
However, additional requirements may be applied as deemed fit by the qualified person. (See also Annex A).
Table C.1 ― Item check and corrective action – Mechanical deta ils
Item No
Item check Corrective action
1 Cylinder
1-A Hydrostatic pressure test date, or date of manufacture Retest if necessary
1-B Corrosion Hydrostatic pressure test and refinish; or discard
1-C Mechanical damage (denting or abrasion) Hydrostatic pressure test and refinish; or discard
1-D Paint condition Refinish
1-E Presence of repairs (welding, soldering, brazing etc) Condemn
1-F Damaged threads (corroded, cross-threaded or worn Condemn
1-G Broken hanger attachment or broken carrying handle lug
Condemn: or consult manufacturer
1-H Sealing surface damage (nicks or corrosion) Clean, repair and test for leakage; or discard
2 Label
Illegible wording Clean; or replace
3 Nozzle or horn
3-A Deformed, damaged or cracked Replace
3-B Blocked openings Clean
3-C Damaged threads (corroded, cross-threaded or worn) Replace
3-D Aged (brittle) Replace
4 Hose assembly
4-A Damaged (cut, cracked or worn) Replace
4-B Damaged couplings or swivel joint (cracked or corroded)
Replace
4-C Damaged threads (corroded, cross-threaded or worn) Replace
4-D Inner tube cut at couplings Repair
4-E If not electrically non-conductive between couplings (CO2 hose only)
Repair or replace
Replace
5 Valve locking device
5-A Damaged (bent, corroded or binding) Repair and lubricate; or replace
5-B Missing Replace
6 Pressure-indicating device
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Table C.1 (continued)
Item No
Item check Corrective action
6-A Immovable, jammed or missing pointer Depressurize, and replace gauge
6-B Missing, deformed or broken lens Depressurize, and replace gauge
6-C Illegible or faded dial Depressurize, and replace gauge
6-D Corrosion Depressurize, and check calibration clean and refinish; or replace gauge
6-E Dented case or lens retainer Depressurize and check calibration; or replace gauge
6-F Immovable or corroded pressure-indicating stem (non-gauge type)
Replace head assembly, depressurize and replace container or entire extinguisher
7 Cylinder valve
7-A Corroded, damaged or jammed lever, handle, spring, stem or fastener joint
Depressurize, check freedom of movement, and repair, or replace
7-B Damaged outlet threads (corroded, cross-threaded or worn)
Depressurize and replace
8 Nozzle shut-off valve
8-A Corroded, damaged or jammed or binding lever, spring, steam, or fastener joint
Repair and lubricate; or replace
8-B Plugged, deformed or corroded nozzle tip or discharge passage
Clean; or replace
9 Puncture mechanism
9-A Damaged, jammed or binding lever, steam, or fastener joint
Replace
9-B Dull or damaged cutting or puncture pin Replace
9-C Damaged threads (corroded, cross-threaded or worn) Replace
10 Gas cartridge
10-A Corrosion Replace (destroy old cartridge)
10-B Damaged seal disc (injured, cut or corroded) Replace
10-C Damaged threads (corroded, cross-threaded or worn) Replace
10-D Illegible incorrect mass markings Replace
11 Gas cylinders
11-A Hydrostatic pressure test date, or date of manufacture Retest if needed
11-B Corrosion Hydrostatic pressure test and refinish; or discard
11-C Paint condition Refinish
11-D Presence of repairs (welding, soldering, brazing, etc) Condemn; or consult manufacturer
11-E Damaged threads (corroded, cross-threaded or worn) Condemn; or consult manufacturer
12 Filler cap
12-A Corroded, cracked or broken Replace
12-B Damaged threads (corroded, cross-threaded or worn) Replace
12-C Sealing surface damage (nicked, deformed or corroded)
Clean, repair; and test for leakage or replace
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Table C.1 (Continued)
Item No.
Item check Corrective action
12-D Blocked vent or slot Clean
13 Carrying handle
13-A Broken handle lug Discard shell or valve; or consult manufacturer
13-B Broken handle Replace; or consult manufacturer
13-C Corroded, jammed or worn fastener joint Clean and replace
14 Seals or tamper indicator
14-A Broken or missing See Table C.2 for specific action
15 Inner cage, acid container or tube
15A Corroded, damaged, bent, cracked or distorted Replace
16 Pressurizing valve
16-A Leaking seals Depressurize, and replace valve or core
17 Gasket, O-ring and seals
17-A Damaged (cut, cracked or worn) Replace and lubricate
17-B Missing Replace and lubricate
17-C Aged or weathered (compression set, brittle cracked) Replace and lubricate
18 Brackets
18-A Corroded, worn or bent Repair and finish; or replace
18-B Loose and binding Adjust; or replace
18-C Worn, loose, corroded or missing screw or bolt Tighten or replace
18-D Worn bumper, webbing or grommet Replace
19 Gas tube and siphon or pick-up tube
19-A Corroded, dented, cracked or broken Replace
19-B Blocked tube or blocked tube openings Clean; or replace
20 Safety relief device
20-A Corroded or damaged Depressurized and replace; or consult manufacturer
20-B Broken, operated or plugged Depressurized and replace; or repair
21 Pressure control device
21-A
External condition:
a) Damage
b) Corrosion
Replace regulator
Clean regulator; or replace
21-B Pressure relief (corroded, plugged, dented, leaking, broken or missing)
Disconnect regulator from pressure source and replace pressure relief
21-C
Protective bonnet relief hole (tape missing or seal wire broken or missing)
Check regulator in accordance with manufacturer’s regulator test procedures
21-D Adjusting screw (lock pin missing Check regulator in accordance with manufacturer’s regulator test procedures
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Table C.1 (Continued)
Item No.
Item check Corrective action
21-E
Gauges:
a) Immovable, jammed or missing pointer
b) Missing or broken lens
c) Illegible or faded dial
d) Corrosion
e) Dented case or lens retainer
Disconnect regulator from pressure source and replace gauge
Replace lens
Replace gauge
Check calibration, clean and refinish; or replace gauge
Check calibration; or replace gauge
21-F Regulator hose:
a) cut, cracked, abraded or deformed exterior
b) corroded or cracked coupling
c) corroded, cross-threaded or worn coupling threads
Do hydrostatic pressure test and replace
hose, if relevant
Replace hose
Replace hose
Table C.2 – Inspection and corrective action – Expe llants and general details
Item No.
Item check Corrective action
Self expelling types
1 Carbon dioxide type
1-A Incorrect mass Recharge to proper mass
1-B Broken or missing tamper indicator Test for leakage, determine mass, recharge, and replace indicator
Gas cartridge or gas cylinder types
2 Dry chemical powder types
2-A Incorrect mass or charge level Empty and recharge to correct mass
2-B Agent condition (contamination, caking or wrong agent Empty and recharge
2-C Cartridge:
a) punctured seal disc
b) incorrect mass
c) broken or missing temper
Replace cartridge
Replace cartridge
Examine seal disc, replace indicator
2-D
Gas cylinder with gauge:
a) low pressure
b) broken or missing tamper indicator
Replace cylinder
Test for leakage, replace indicator
2-E Gas cylinder without gauge:
a) low pressure (attach gauge and measure pressure)
b) broken or missing tamper indicator
Test for leakage: if normal, repair indictor; if low, replace cylinder
Measure pressure, test for leakage, replace indicator
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Table C.2 (continued)
Item No.
Item check Corrective action
Stored-pressure types
3 Dry chemical powder, refillable
3-A Incorrect extinguisher mass Empty and recharge to correct mass with correct powder
3-B Incorrect gauge pressure Check gauge, pressurize, test for leakage
3-C Broken or missing tamper indicator Replace indicator, test for leakage
3-D Agent condition Replace with correct agent
4 Foam type
4-A Incorrect fill level (by mass or observant) Weigh, test for leakage, replace indictor
4-B Agent condition (presence of sediment or other foreign matter
Check gauge, repressurize, test for leakage
4-C Incorrect mass Test for leakage, recharge to correct mass
5 Foam type
5-A Incorrect fill level (by mass of observant) Empty and recharge
5-B Agent condition (presence of sediment or other foreign matter)
Empty and recharge
5-C Incorrect gauge pressure Check gauge, repressurize, test for leakage
5-D Broken or missing tamper indicator Replace indicator, test for leakage
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Bibliography
[1] SANS 810, Portable rechargeable fire extinguishers – Dry type extinguishers.
[2] SANS 889, Portable rechargeable fire extinguishers – Water type extinguishers.
[3] SANS 1151, Portable rechargeable fire extinguishers – Halogenaged hydrocarbon type extinguishers.
[4] SANS 1322, Portable, non-refillable fire extinguisher (general purpose type).
[5] SANS 1573, Portable rechargeable fire extinguishers – Foam type extinguishers.
