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The Renaissance
Unit II - Origins
After the darkness has
been dispelled, our
grandsons will be able to walk back into the pure radiance of
the past
The hope of winning public honours is the
same for all......
He who despises painting
loves neither
philosophy nor nature
We can surely say that he was sent
by heaven to renew the art of
architecture
If any prince bases his
state upon mercenaries, he will never succeed in making it stable or secure
The principal and true
profession of the courtier ought to be that of arms
Petrarch Machiavelli Leonardo
CastiglioneVasari
Salutati
Renaissance Italyurban culture
strong merchant class
city-states
center of trade
educated elite
City-States/EconomiesItaly - contact between East and West
Florence - center of textile industry
banking - facilitated international commerce
Venice and Genoa - trade, shipbuilding,insurance
growth of merchant capitalism
Florencecenter of cultural revival
many schools, university
high literacy rate
population equal to london
Government by Signoria and Councils
Medici
Cosimo de’ Medici (1389-1464)
Lorenzo the Magnificent (1449-1492)
Social Classes
Elites (popolo grasso) - nobles, merchants - patricians
mass of urban population (popolo minuto) - artisans, laborers; in countryside, peasants
Humanismrediscovery of classical learning
Petrarch - father of italian humanism
Tuscan poet
classical world - ideal
Humanism vs Scholasticism
Focus on liberal arts (humanitas) - grammar, logic, music, math, astronomy, rhetoric
humanists - new education served to teach the “art of living”
Pico della Mirandola (1463-1494)
Baldassare Castiglione (1478-1529)
Niccolo Machiavelli (1469-1527)
Leonardo da vinci (1452-1519)
Expressed humanist spirit
Lorenzo Valla (1407-1457)
Donation of Constantine
Erasmus (1469-1536) - greatest of the northern humanists
Critic of scholasticism, monastic life
called for reform
Christian humanism
Sir Thomas more (1466-1536)
Leading English humanist
Author of Utopia
promoter of New Learning
