The Republic of Uganda Alliance for a Green Revolution in ... DOCS/IFAD... · Commissioner Agri-Business MAAIF. Social Economic Uganda lies along the Equator and covers an area of

The Republic of Uganda

Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa (AGRA)

COALITION FOR AFRICAN RICE DEVELOPMENT (CARD)

STUDY ON MAPPING OUT OF POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY PAPERS (PRSP),SECTOR STRATEGIES AND POLICIES RELATED TO RICE DEVELOPMENT IN AFRICA:

THE CASE OF UGANDA

Submitted by: Cliff Bernard Nuwakora – Uganda National Consultant

CASE International Consultants LtdSuite 253 Serena Conference CentreTel. +256 772 525661, +256 392 917617

Email. [email protected] – Uganda

April, 2010

The Republic of Uganda

mailto:[email protected]

Draft Report CARD/Alliance for a GreenRevolution for Africa (AGRA)

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Table of Contents

1.0 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... 1

1.1 METHODOLOGY .................................................................................................................... 1

1.2 STRATEGIES / POLICIES / PROGRAMS AND EXPENDITURE FRAMEWORKS..... 3

2.0 STRATEGIES, POLICIES / PROGRAMS AND EXPENDITURE FRAMEWORKS ATNATIONAL AND SECTOR LEVEL. .................................................................................... 4

2.1 Strategies/Policies ...................................................................................................................... 4

2.1.1 The 2004 Agriculture Zoning Strategy ................................................................................ 5

2.1.2 The Rural Development Strategy (RDS) .............................................................................. 5

2.1.3 Development Strategy and Investment Plan (DSIP) 2006/07 & 2010/11 - 2015/16 ........... 5

2.1.4 Medium Term Competitive Strategy (MTCS) ...................................................................... 6

2.2 Projects/Programs ..................................................................................................................... 1

2.2.1 The Plan for the Modernisation of Agriculture (PMA) ........ Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.2.2 Water for Agricultural Production ....................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.2.3 Farm Income Enhancement Project ..................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.2.4 National Agricultural Advisory Services Program (NAADS)Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.2.5 Energy for Rural transformation-Agriculture Component ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.2.6 Rural Finance Services Program (RFS) ............................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.2.8 District Livelihoods Support Program (DLSP) 2004-2014 .. Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.2.9 Peace Recovery and Development Program (PRDP)2007-2010 ........ Error! Bookmark notdefined.

2.2.10 Northern Uganda Rehabilitation Program (NUREP) .......... Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.2.11 Northern Uganda Social Action Fund (NUSAF)II ............... Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.2.12 Restoration of Agricultural Livelihoods in Northern Uganda (RALNUC).Error! Bookmarknot defined.

2.2.13 FAO/JICA National Programme NERICA Promotion ......... Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.2.14 Prosperity for All Program (Bonna Bagagawale)................ Error! Bookmark not defined.


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2.2.15 The Sub-county Development Program ................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.0 MATCHING OF THE STRATEGIES / POLICIES / PROGRAMS AND THEEXPENDITURE FRAMEWORKS WITH THE NRDS’SUB-SECTORS.......................... 7

3.1 The National Rice Development Strategy sub-sectors............................................................ 7

3.2 Matching of the various strategies / policies / programs with the NRDS’ sub-sectors Error!Bookmark not defined.

3.3 Matching of the expenditure frameworks with the NRDS’ sub-sectors ............................... 9

3.4 Determination of Unsatisfied Needs (GAP) ........................................................................... 10

3.4.1 Production level .................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.4.2 Rice Milling and Marketing .................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.4.3 Financing.............................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.5 Needs for an enabling environment .......................................................................................11

3.5.1 Policy issues.......................................................................................................................11

3.5.2 Institutional issues ............................................................................................................. 11

3.5.3 Legal issues (Law, regulations, etc.) ................................................................................. 11

3.5.4 Costs of unsatisfied needs .................................................................................................. 11

3.5.5 For operational domain..................................................................................................... 11

3.5.6 For an enabling environment ...........................................................................................12

4.0 OPPORTUNITIES OF TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE UNSATISFIED NEEDS....... 12

4.1 Political Will and Support....................................................................................................... 12

4.2 Exploiting Donor support strategies to address national/sector budgetary constraints ... 12

4.2.1 IFAD’s strategy in Uganda................................................................................................13

5.0 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS................................................................... 14

6.0 REFERENCES ........................................................................................................................15

7.0 APPENDICES..........................................................................................................................16


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List of Acronyms and Abbreviations

AfDB Africa Development BankASPSII Agricultural Sector Program SupportAPPEP Agriculture productivity enhancement programBSF Belgian Survival Fund For The Third WorldCAIIP Community Agricultural Infrastructure Improvement ProgramCOSOP Country Strategic Opportunities PaperDANIDA Danish Development AgencyDANIDA Danish International Development Agency.DFID Department for international DevelopmentDPs Development PartnersDISP Development Strategy and Investment Plan as a medium termDSIP Development Support Investment PlanDLSP District Livelihoods Support ProgramERT Energy for rural transformationEC European CommissionFAO Food and Agricultural Organization of the United NationsGoU Government of UgandaHIV/AIDS Human Immune Virus/Anti Immune Deficiency SyndromeIDA International Development AssociationIFAD International Fund for Agricultural DevelopmentAD Ireland AidJICA Japan International CooperationJICA Japan International Cooperation AgencyMFI Micro Finance InstitutionsMSCs Microfinance Support CentresMCA Millennium Challenge AccountNAARI Namulonge Animal and Agricultural Research InstituteNARO National Agricultural Research OrganisationNAADS National Agriculture Advisory Services ProgramNRM National Resistance MovementNRDS National Rice Development StrategyNDA Netherlands Development AssociationNERICA New Rice for AfricaNDF Nordic Development FundNUREP Northern Uganda Rehabilitation ProgramNUSAF Northern Uganda Social Action FundODA Official Development AssistancePEAP Poverty Eradication Action PlanPFA Prosperity for AllPIP Public Investment PlansRALNUC Restoration of Agricultural Livelihoods in Northern Uganda


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RDS Rural Development StrategyREA Rural Electrification AgencyRFS Rural Finance Services ProgramSBS Sector Budget SupportSWAp Sector-Wide ApproachSWAp Sector-Wide ApproachSEP Strategic Export ApproachSIDA Swedish International Development AgencyUNDP United Nations Development ProgramUSAID United states agency for International DevelopmentUSAID United States Agency for international DevelopmentWB World Bank


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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

This report presents the study on the linkages of the Poverty Reduction Strategies and howthey can be used to anchor Rice Development Strategy in Uganda.

Uganda is one of the 12 countries to be in the first line earmarked for doubling rice productionby Coalition for Africa rice Development (CARD).

Methodology

The study was carried out through review of documents and Key Informant Interviews withOfficials of stakeholder organizations and departments namely Programme Officer-RiceSecretariat, Assistant Commissioner-Crop Resources department in MAAIF, AssistantCommissioner Agri-Business MAAIF.

Social Economic

Uganda lies along the Equator and covers an area of 241,550.7 square km. According toUBOS 2009 population projections show that the current population is 30.7 million people.

The GDP composition by sector is as follows:-

Agriculture: 29.0%Industry: 24.8%Services: 46.2%

According to UBOS 2009, Agriculture sector employs 65 percent of the working population(2008) with agriculture activities and food processing the main sectors. Uganda is committedto agriculture led growth as the main strategy, pursuit of 6 percent annual growth rate for theagricultural sector and increase the share of agriculture national budget to 10 percent. So farin the recent held CAADP conference, government committed itself to increase the share ofthe national budget from 3 to 4 percent effective the Financial Year 2010/2012.

Rice crop was introduced in Uganda by Indian traders in 1904 and gained popularity in 1940sbut was consumed by the Indian Uganda Community and the urban affluent. In 1950sconsumption of rice gained popularity for feeding schools, hospitals and Second World Warreturns. In 1970s, government embarked on rice production schemes in Kibimba, Doho,Olweny and Kitgum rice scheme, all in eastern and northern Uganda.

The rice grows very well at altitude of 1605 and 1220; Rainfall of 1250mm to 1370mm andwith mean monthly temperature of Temperatures that have small seasonal variations of meanmonthly maximum temperatures and mean monthly minimum temperatures of 15-17.5degrees Celicius and Maximum of 27.5 degrees – 30 degrees. Climate and soils in most parts


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of Uganda favour rice growing but most favorable areas are the north and Eastern parts of thecountry.

Uganda has come up and implemented a number of strategies/policies; programs & projectsaimed at economic growth and poverty reduction. Key among the strategies/policies are Planfor the modernization of agriculture, The 2004 Agriculture Zoning Strategy; The RuralDevelopment Strategy (RDS) 2005; Development Strategy and Investment Plan (DSIP) 2006and 2010; Medium Term Competitive Strategy (MTCS) and the recent National RiceDevelopment Strategy 2009.

Policies include the Decentralization, Prosperity for All (PFA), Liberalizations, NationalAgricultural Policy 2009 currently before the Cabinet for debate; Gender Policy and Water forAgricultural Production and National Agriculture Research Services Policy 2003, National WaterPolicy (1999), Agriculture Policy (2003, National Wetlands Policy (1995), NationalEnvironment Management Policy (1994), and the draft National Land Policy (2009).

A number programs and projects have also been implemented in relation to agriculture ingeneral and rice production in particular. These are Dissemination of NERICA and Improved RiceProduction Systems to reduce Poverty and Hunger in Uganda, Agricultural and Rural developmentthrough innovative Rice based systems for food security and Poverty reduction, ParticipatoryEvaluation of Upland rice varieties and determination of Suitable crop, Promotion of NARIC 3Upland Rice for sustainable Household Food Security and Incomes project, Private SectorDevelopment and Consultancy Centre(PRICON), Farm Income Enhancement and Forest ConservationProject(FIEFOC), Agricultural Productivity Enhancement program(APEP), Livelihood and Enterprisefor Agricultural Development(LEAD)Project, Area based Agricultural ModernizationProgram(AAMP), District Livelihood Support Program, Community Agricultural ImprovementProgram, Rural Financial Services, Technical Assistance Support to sustainable Irrigated AgriculturalDevelopment Project in Eastern Uganda, Technical Assistance to NERIC Rice promotion, Grant AidProject for Establishment of Regional Rice Research and Training Centre in the National CropResources Research Institute, Water for Agricultural Production, Farm Income Enhancement Project,National Agricultural Advisory Services Program (NAADS), Energy for rural transformation-ERTagriculture component, and The Sub-county Development Project, Agriculture Marketing and SupportProject.

Expenditure frameworks include the Public Investment Plans (PIP); National DevelopmentPlan 2010/11-2014/15; Agricultural Development Strategy and Investment Plan 2010/11 -2015/16; New Partnership for Africa Development; Millennium Challenge Account; andSector-Wide Approach (SWAp) and Sector Budget Support (SBS). At multilateral level,expenditure frameworks are catered for in areas in form of grants and technical assistance and budgetsupport to Uganda. The key donors and partners are Danish International DevelopmentAgency(DANIDA),United States Agency for international Development (USAID),EuropeanCommission(EC),Africa Development Bank(AfDB),Swedish International DevelopmentAgency(SIDA),International Development Association(IDA),International Fund forAgricultural Development(IFAD),World Bank(WB),Ireland Aid(AD), NetherlandsDevelopment Association(NDA),Department for international Development(DFID),JAPANInternational Cooperation (JICA),United Nations Development Program(UNDP), NordicDevelopment Fund(NDF),and Belgian Survival Fund For The Third World(BSF).


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The process of implementation of policies and strategies are the Central government formulates, linesector agriculture implements them within the sector and in collaboration with local governments andother stakeholders like private sector and farmers and also through inter sector linkages.

For the projects and programs the process may begin with design level with a sector, governmentdepartment and development partner in cases where the projects are grants or in form of technicalassistance. Where a project or a program funded by a loan or budget support, the process ofimplementation starts with a line ministry through the decentralisation framework on to the targetedbeneficiaries who may be farmers, government department and private sector.

The process of implementation of expenditure frameworks goes with the fiscal decentralization whereby planning assumes the bottom up and top down approach form the local governments to the centreand vice versa. Local governments are mandated by law to identify priorities, budget and implementand contribute some funding to programs especially NAADs. Sector ministries and departments usethe process of project/program activities budget schedules as prescribed in the project and programdocuments.

A close analysis of Strategies/Policies being implemented at macro level show concerted effort s bygovernment to promoting and environment conducive to increasing production and transformationagriculture from subsistence to commercial agriculture using sector and multi sector approaches.

At sector level, Key strategies have been drawn to support and promote production of crops that arecritical to food security and income generation so as to reduce poverty.

Projects and Programs implemented have support the growth and development of the subsectors ofrice especially the seed development, multiplication and dissemination in rice production areas with asupport in form of grants and Technical Assistance to NARO and private seed producers. Agroprocessing and marketing are also catered for in terms of capacity building and training carried out bysome farmers.

However duplication and thin coverage pose a challenge to the sustainability of project and programactivities after the end of the project expire.

An analysis of the expenditure frameworks show a tendency to reinforce each other for activitiesfunded through the budget and others support through bi-lateral and multi lateral support. But in othercases, there are tendency of duplication and over concentration of funding in one area. In otherinstances, key stakeholders have failed to meet co-funding requirements to effectively implementprogram activities. Cases in point are failure of local governments and some farmers to raise NAADsco-funding.

The process of funding strategies/policies, programs and expenditure frameworks due to heavydependency on donor and multilateral support, some strategies and policies are imposed from withoutand have conditions attached. Funding the projects and programs is done on one off basis and rarelyare mechanisms inbuilt to generate funds to sustain program/project activities when funding ends.

Process of funding expenditure frameworks is characterized by conditional ties and bureaucratic redtape that may result into the delay or non implementation of project activities and corruption


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especially government funding given out in for of conditional ties to local governments to activitieslike NAADS.

A number of stakeholders are involved in rice production either through farming activities, processing,marketing, and funding and policy direction. The first line comprises farmers, processor like millers,traders and donors and multilaterals agencies. Farmers grow on small scale using implements likehand hoes and pangas and hardly do they apply fertilizers. Some of the opportunities apparent forfarmers to improve production are researcher-farmer linkages and marketing avenues within thecountry and region. A number of farmer organizations are also in place to support and assist farmers inprocurement of inputs and collective voice to influence policy in the sector.

Private Service providers who include traders, extension service agents and researchers provide bothavenues and support the rice sector in areas of value addition, seed technology production anddissemination critical to production. However, the linkage between the private sector and farmerstends to be weak and limitations of finance that forces the practitioners to concentrate where it isprofitable.

Government has also come to support the rice sector in a number of ways that include themicrofinance through the SACCOs and Micro finance Support Centre and regularly framework thatallows the other players in the sector like commercial banks. Stakeholders in rice production willaccess credit at low interest rates in future.

Donor and Multilateral agencies have play a crucial role in funding and implementing programs andprojects in areas of seed technology production and development capacity building and marketing.There opportunities to link stakeholders to the other donors, capacity building and financing.

A number of strides have been taken in an attempt to meet strategies as per every rice sector whenstrategies/policies and programs and expenditure frameworks. In the seed subsector strategies toprocure and produce rice seed have been met using funding from grants and technical assistance.NERIC rice varieties 1, 4 and 10 at NaCRRI and rice varieties have been evaluated.

In attempt to ensure fertilizer availability to farmers, governments of Uganda through budgetsupport intend to revamp the phosphate fertilizer factory in Tororo to meet the local demand.

The government of Uganda has put in place a water development strategy to boost provisionof water for production. With sector ministry budget and donor support a number of projectshave been put in place to promote activities of irrigation for rice production.

Efforts are under way to support the Agricultural Engineering Research and Training(AEATRI) to carry out agro-machinery research to produce appropriate for rice productionand processing.

Structuring is taking place with assistance of donors in supporting policy and capacitybuilding for stakeholders. Rice Secretariat based in the crop resources department is in placeand Rice Policy is in the offing to guide rice production, processing and marketing.


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In the area of post harvest handling, processing and marketing, key program of Investment inDevelopment of Export Agriculture(IDEA) that ended in 2004 tackled improved Quality andPost Harvest Handling, Increased Volume Of Production, Promotion of Agro processing, Improvedairport handling systems and Consolidation of freight. The private sector like Upland rice Milling areactive in rice processing and marketing covering the Eastern parts of Uganda.

Land tenure reforms are under way with government coming up with agricultural policy and land lawto help in security of tenure and thereby promote agricultural production.

Matching expenditure frameworks and National Rice Development strategy subsectors reveals thatexpenditure is through sector budgets and departments and multilateral and donor support .In the areaof marketing the private sector is playing a big role. For example, in research and technologydevelopment funding is through NARO/NaCRRI, Irrigation is supported through the Ministry ofWater and the environment.

Determination of unsatisfied needs shows that there is need for more rice scientists in for ofresearchers, technicians and extension agents. The rice strategy states that Uganda needs 30researchers at PhD and Masters level,30 technicians and 160 extension agent by 2018 to enable thecountry double rice production.

In area of credit and Finance, access to credit remains low partly to low interest rates and lack ofsecurity and low coverage in most rural area.

Production and Processing is characterized by crude tools like the hand hoe and pangas and sickles.There is urgent need for tractors and ox ploughs idea for opening large tracts of land to increaseacreage of rice.

Processing and Marketing is characterized by hand threshing and winnowing and packaging in bulkwhich lead to low quality rice.

Some steps have so far been taken to address the issues of policy, institutional framework and legalissues concerning rice development. The ten year rice strategy running from 2009-2018 is in place toguide overall rice development. A rice secretariat has been put in place and based at MAAIFheadquarters in the Crop resources directorate.

The Rural Development Strategy, Prosperity for All and the Development Strategic Investment Planfor Agriculture in Uganda serve to reinforce and address the needs of rice development.

MAAIF remains the lead agency and works in partnership with other sectors of finance and planning,Ministry Of Water And Environment and line departments like NARO to implement rice developmentprograms.

In the operational domain a secretariat has been put in place to coordinate stakeholders who includeMinistry of Trade and Tourism, Ministry of Finance, Planning and Economic Development forfinancing, Ministry of Water and Environment and Office of the president for policy direction andmobilizing political will. Other stakeholders are NGOs, Rice Millers, Uganda National FarmersFederation, National Environment Management Authority, NARO institutes, FAO and JICA.


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For enabling environment, a number of policies are in offing namely, Water for production policy andrice policy.

Opportunities for taking into account to meet the unsatisfied needs include exploiting the Political Willand support of the Office of the presidency that supports Upland Rice production.

Exploiting donor support strategies can be helpful in addressing the budgetary constraints. The donorsupport strategies are JICA rice promotion programs, FAO NERICA rice and food security programs,WFP market for rice strategy, African Development Bank funding opportunities to agriculture sectorincluding the CAAIP program under Ministry of Local Government, and IFAD Country StrategySupport Paper being revised can provide opportunities for promoting rice production.

We conclude by stating that a number of policies and strategies have been in support of agriculturaldevelopment with a purpose of improving food security, commercialization of agriculture andimproving incomes for poverty reduction.

Recommend that both forward and backward linkages intended to improve rice value chains bestrengthened by implementing agencies like NAADS, NARO and MAIIF and other sector ministriesand stakeholders.

Secondly, Government ministries, line departments and be equipped with both Human and FinancialResources backed by strong policies to be able to effectively and efficiently execute their mandate.

Thirdly, Farmers, Processors and Marketers need to be assisted with necessary infrastructure andsupport by government and development partners to contribute meaning fully to the development ofthe rice sector.


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1.0 INTRODUCTION

The coalition for Africa Rice Development (CARD) initiative was launched in Tokyo-Japanat the International Conference on Africa Development (TICAD IV) IN 2008 and spearheaded by JICA, NEPAD and AGRA. It brings together research agencies andregional/international financial Institutions and aims at doubling rice production in SubSaharan Africa from 14 to 28 metric tons in 10 years.

In this line 12 countries were chosen to be in the first pilot group, and Uganda is one of them.A national rice strategy has been designed with a focus on a) review of the national ricesector, b) challenges and opportunities related to the development of rice sector includingtrans-boundary/regional issues) priority areas and approaches including institutional andpolicy aspects, c) priority areas and approaches including institutional and policy aspects, d)vision and scope of the NRDS, e)strategy by sub-sector,i.e every component of the rice valuechain with the human and financial resources ‘s needs and the financing sources.

With the objective of doubling rice production in sub-Saharan Africa, the CARD initiative is aconcrete response to meet one of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs): to eradicateextreme poverty and hunger.

AGRA/CARD with funding from IFAD/JICA contracted Cliff Bernard Nuwakora as theUgandan National Consultant to:a)Assess the coherence of the linkages between the NRDS and the relevant planning andprogramming frameworks including (i)growth and poverty reduction strategies or equivalent,(ii) relevant sector-based strategies, (iii)public expenditure frameworks at national/sectorlevels and (iv)on-going rice related programs.

b) Provide a basis for reconciling the NRDS’ requirements (demand side) in terms of policy,institutional and investment measures/actions and the related opportunities (supply side) asindicated in above planning frameworks and tools.

1.1 METHODOLOGY

The consultant carried out a review of secondary data on relevant policies, strategies andprograms and Expenditure framework and Budget documents to gain an understanding ofoperations and funding modalities and processes of Government and other stakeholders inrelation to promoting agriculture in general and rice sector in particular. Interviews were alsoconducted with Key institutions namely the Rice National Secretariat based at the Ministryof Agricultural, Animal Industry and Fisheries; Plan for the Modernization of AgriculturalSecretariat; Assistant Commission Crop Resources-MAAIF; Assistant Commissioner-Agribusiness(MAAIF)

1.2 Socio-Economic aspects

Uganda covers an area of 241,550.7 sq. km. The land area is 199,807.4 sq. km and open waterand swamps cover about 41,743.2 sq. km. According to 2009 population projections (UBOS;



2009 midyear projected) were 30.7 million persons. Total fertility rate (UDHS 2006) was 6.7births per woman. Infant mortality rate (UDHS 2006) was 75 per 1,000 live births.1

The GDP composition by sector is as follows:-

Agriculture: 29.0%Industry: 24.8%Services: 46.2%Agric. population rate (2006): 75.8%

UBOS (2009) statistics show that 70 percent of the working population was in agriculture andfood processing dominated the industry with a 65 percent share of total employment in 2008.The share of agriculture, forestry and fishing to total GDP at current prices is 23.7 percent in2008/09.The statistics also showed that high food prices were registered in 2008 resulting toinflation rate of 15.8 percent. An indication of how important agriculture is to the economy ofUganda.

Uganda is a signatory to Maputo Declaration on the Comprehensive Africa AgricultureDevelopment Programme (CAADP). In April, 2010 conference held in Uganda, thegovernment of Uganda ratified the protocol and also committed itself to increasing theproportion of national budget from 3% to 4 %.(The New Vision April,2010).This isbecause Uganda has committed to the principle of agriculture-led growth as a main strategy,secondly, to the pursuit of a 6 percent average annual growth rate for the agricultural sector,and, thirdly, to increase the share of the national budget allocated to the agricultural sector,the intention being to reach an eventual target of 10 per cent. To ensure focus and attention toagriculture, the sector MAAIF the sector ministry has drawn the Development Strategy andInvestment Plan (DSIP) and National Agricultural Policy is at cabinet level awaitingdiscussion and eventual passing.2

The Rice Subsector

Rice in Uganda was introduced by Indian Traders as early as 1904 but did not gain popularityuntil 1940s. Initially, rice was the food of the affluent restricted to Indian community and theurban elite. Most of the rice consumed in Uganda in the 1940s was imported rice. Ricegrowing in Uganda picked up during 1950s, mostly focused at feeding schools, Hospitals, andthe Second World War returnees (PMA, 2009).Subsequently, the government embarked onschemes to promote rice growing using rice schemes targeting wetlands. Of the targetedwetlands,3 small-scale and 1 large scale paddy farming in lowlands using the traditional/improved gravity irrigation facilities at Doho in Butaleja consisting of 2,000ha of ricefarming, Olweny Rice Scheme in Lira district(750ha) and Kitgum rice scheme in Agoro Sub-county(500ha) all schemes in north and eastern Uganda (PMA, 2009).

1 UBOS 2009 Statistical Abstracts2 MAAIF Development Strategy and Investment Plan(2010/11-2015/2016)



Rice can be successfully grown under varying conditions, and in Uganda both swamp and

upland varieties are cultivated the main producing areas are found in Eastern and Northern

Uganda where the land generally lies between 1065 and 1220 metres above sea level with

swamps and rivers marking the lowest grounds. Climatic Conditions that favours rice

growing are: Annual mean rainfall is between 1250mm to 1370mm and Temperatures that

have small seasonal variations of mean monthly maximum temperatures and mean monthly

minimum temperatures of 15-17.5 degrees Celicius and Maximum of 27.5 degrees – 30

degrees (Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, 1975).

Rice is now widely grown in many parts of Uganda especially in the eastern and northernregions. Rice production has been readily adopted in these areas due to high market prices,demand, and reclaimed swamps suitable for paddy rice. Farmers are being directed moretowards production of upland rice, which can grow on ordinary soils and water regimes.Market opportunities inherent in increasing rice production are the ever increasing population,especially urban population that is the major consumer of rice and changing food habits inaddition to being an emerging cash crop where farmers have been able to earn3 betterincomes. The farmers in Kibale district were producing over 5,000 metric tonnes in a season, and

some of their produce was being exported to Sudan and Democratic Republic of Congo. However

production was being done both at subsistence and commercial. Many of the farmers were being

supported by the National agricultural advisory services (NAADS).4

The national demand of about 150,000 MT per year. Although Uganda continues to beheavily dependent on imported, rice production has some potential to increase to meetgrowing demand.5

1.2 STRATEGIES/POLICIES/PROGRAMS AND EXPENDITUREFRAMEWORKS

Since 1987, a number of economic reforms have been undertaken by the government totransform Uganda economy. Prominent on the policy agenda has been the eradication ofpoverty under PEAP framework in which emphasis on improving agricultural production hasbeen given due prominence in one of the Pillars of PEAP. To this end, number of strategies,/policies/program and Expenditure Frameworks have been designed at national, sector leveland local governments level to improve agriculture as key to economic growth. All the lattergovernment intentions are intended to boost Agriculture production through a number of ways

3The growing NERICA boom in Uganda-Africa Rice Centre Warda 2002

4The Daily Monitor, Wednesday. April 7,2010 Francis Mugerwa ; Kibaale in maize and rice bumper harvests

5Beijuka, John K. (2000) Title II Cooperating Sponsors – Uganda; 1999 Bellmon Analysis, Kampala



that encompass increasing production through research and technology, Financing, ValueAddition that includes processing and marketing so as to transform agriculture fromsubsistence to commercial farming consequently reducing poverty.

Prominent among the strategies and Frameworks are Plan for Modernization of Agriculturethat came into being in 2000 that tackles agriculture development based on using sector wideapproach, The 2004 Agriculture Zoning Strategy; The Rural Development Strategy (RDS)2005; Development Strategy and Investment Plan (DSIP) 2006 and 2010; Medium TermCompetitive Strategy (MTCS) and the recent National Rice Development Strategy 2009.Regarding policies/programmes a lot has been done to tackle agriculture development. Thepolicies include the Decentralization, Prosperity for All (PFA), Liberalizations, NationalAgricultural Policy 2009 currently before the Cabinet for debate; Gender Policy and Water forAgricultural Production and National Agriculture Research Services Policy 2003 among others.

Programmes and Projects in support of agriculture transformation include CommunityInfrastructure Development Plan II(CAAIP) 2008-2013, National Development Plan 2010/11-2014/15; Energy for Rural Transformation. While Expenditure frameworks encompass theNational funding frameworks- the Public Investment Plans (PIP); National Development Plan2010/11-2014/15; Agricultural Development Strategy and Investment Plan 2010/11 -2015/16; New Partnership for Africa Development; Millennium Challenge Account; andSector-Wide Approach (SWAp) and Sector Budget Support (SBS).

The above mentioned strategies/policies/programmes and expenditure frameworks aredirectly in support of rice strategies that address issues of Seed System; Research,Technology Dissemination and Capacity Building; Fertilizer Marketing and Distribution; andSustainable Soil Management; Improve Irrigation and Water Management; Machinery andEquipment; Agricultural Finance; Policy; and Post Harvest handling, Processing andMarketing.

2.0 STRATEGIES, POLICIES/PROGRAMS AND EXPENDITUREFRAMEWORKS

This section details the strategies, policies/programs at national and sector level and how theyserve and may be used to anchor the National Rice Development Strategy that runs from 2009to 2018.

2.1 Strategies and Policy Frameworks

2.1.1 The Plan for the Modernization of Agriculture (PMA)

The PMA is the policy framework that aims at transforming agriculture from subsistence tocommercialisation where farmers producing mainly for subsistence get transformed intoproducing for the market. The PMA is a multi sectored approach to modernising agriculture.PMA guides investments by the all actors in agriculture and the rural development inagricultural research and advisory services, agriculture education, access to rural finance,



marketing and value addition, environment and natural resource use and physicalinfrastructure to transform agriculture.

The PMA interventions are aimed at increasing incomes in agricultural by raising farmproductivity and creating on farm and off farm employment.6

A number of programs have designed within sector of agricultural and in different sectors tosupport the Plan for the modernisation of agriculture. A number of programmes illustrated inthe next section fall under the PMA framework pillars.

2.1.2 The 2004 Agriculture Zoning Strategy

According to the Zoning Strategy, the country has been divided into ten agriculturalproduction zones. Commodities that are best suited for each zone will receive public sectorsupport. Efforts will be to support commodity value chain development of strategiccommodities in the different zones in order to create viable agro-industrial development. Ricewas one of the crops chosen.7Already, the national agricultural research organization hasestablished the Zonal Agricultural Research Centres to ease the interface between thestakeholders with particularly emphasis on farmers.

2.1.3 The Rural Development Strategy (RDS)

The Rural Development Strategy (RDS) was formulated in 2005, with the overall objective orraising household incomes, like the PMA, but proposing a more focused approach tosupporting farmers through input provision and formation of cooperative societies. The focusof RDS was the sub-county, and this led to the development of the Sub-County DevelopmentModel. In 2006, a much broader vision of Prosperity for All (PFA) was formulated, arisingout of the National Resistance Movement (NRM) Election Manifesto of 2006. The goal ofPFA is to improve lives of all Ugandans in all aspects - higher incomes, improved access toservices such as health, education, water, and reliable physical infrastructure – all thishappening in a peaceful and democratically governed country.

2.1.4 Development Strategy and Investment Plan (DSIP) 2006/07 & 2010/11 - 2015/16

The first DSIP came into existence in 2006. DSIP was developed as medium-term plan of theMinistry of Agriculture, Animal Industry and Fisheries. The DSIP was to be translated intothe national goals and priorities contained in the PMA into a plan for public sector activitiesin the agricultural sector. The DSIP I, was designed also to clarify the objectives and outputsfor the sector and to bring out priority areas for spending between 2005/06 and 2007/08. TheDSIP I drew from the PMA the priority areas in which public sector action was required in the

6 PMA/DANIDA (2007) Kakuba. T (2007) PMA contributing to transformation-Preliminary findings from an outcome of assessment.

-From Poverty to Prosperity; Making prosperity a reality; PMA Bulletin No 5 Vol.1 September, 2007.

7 MAAIF-(2009); Agriculture Paper for National Development Plan-Kampala



medium term to support the modernisation of agriculture especially those that fell within themandate of MAAIF and its agencies. The strategy expired in June 2008, and a second DSIPfor agriculture is in its final draft form. The revised Development Strategy and InvestmentPlan 2010/11-2015/16 emphasises focus on appropriate funding and prioritisation ofinvestments that stimulate agricultural development. The revised DSIP provides a detailedand costed plan for implementation of priorities to be implemented in the NationalDevelopment Plan section on Agriculture sector. Attempts have also been made to ensurewide range funding sources are approached to meet the investment targeted.

2.1.5 Medium Term Competitive Strategy (MTCS)

This policy aims at promoting agricultural production by providing Finance to Small andMicro Enterprises (SMEs) involved in export of nontraditional crops including rice. TheMedium Term Competitiveness Strategy was formulated to create a favorable environmentfor the private sector to grow, become profitable and compete both locally and abroad.

2.1.6 CAADP – Uganda is a signatory to CAADP. Agricultural sector funded to a tune of 3%of National Budget.CAADP is the African forum that advocates for increased investments inAgriculture sector to improve production, food sufficiency and incomes.

2.1.7 The Presidency Upland Rice promotion initiativesRice Development campaigns by H.E the President and the Vice President (Rice developmentstrategy 2009). This has been ongoing to boost Upland rice (NERICA) production in thecountry. It actually lays the ground for implementation of the National Rice DevelopmentStrategy 2009-2018.

2.1.8 Decentralization policy

The general objective of decentralization in Uganda is to fundamentally transform society byempowering the citizens to take charge of their development agenda in order to improve theirlivelihoods. The purpose is to reduce poverty through increased production and relatedactivities in order to raise people’s incomes and material wellbeing.8

2.1.9 Privatization Policy

The reform and divesture program divested government enterprises and allowed for privatesector participation in delivery of services. The policy Allows for the participation of theprivate sector in services delivery. This arrangement has been fostered in the area of extensionservice delivery by NAADS, subcontracting in energy and infrastructure development.Under the privatisation policy, Government promotes and encourages PPP in various forms inthe implementation of this NDP. The forms that PPPs will take include joint venturesbetween the government and private sector entity/ies where both may contribute financialresources, Build, Operate and Transfer (BOT), Build, Own, Operate and Transfer (BOOT),Build, Own and Operate (BOO) and Concessions. PPPs will be encouraged and promoted in

8 Bitarabeho Johnson (2008) the experience of Uganda-Local Government role as a partner in the Decentralisation process to strengthen localdevelopment. A paper presented to the conference on access to Development funding for local governments in Africa, Emperors palaceHotel, Johannesburg, 15-17 September 2008.www.lgfc.go.ug



the provision of infrastructure and energy, as well as huge undertakings which require hugefinancial resource outlay.9

2.1.10 Liberalization Policy

Uganda is hailed as successful African example of liberalization attaining macroeconomicstability and reduced policy induced anti export bias in its trade policy in the 1990s. Inconjunction with trade liberalization, the government has liberalized much of the agriculturesector. The liberalization of trade and agriculture are said to have contributed to povertyreduction growth.10 The policy has led to liberalization of agricultural commodity prices andagricultural commodity markets have translated into:

(i) improved prices for farmers (agricultural produce prices are no longer fixed bygovernment but are market determined);

(ii) prompt payments (Farmers are now paid cash for their produce instead of promissorynotes many of which were never honored); and

(iii)increased number of participants in commodity and input markets. There are no quotasor taxes imposed on vegetable oil, wheat and rice, the monetized foodstuffs.

2.1.11 National Water Policy (1999)The goal of this policy is to manage and develop the water resources of Uganda in anintegrated and sustainable manner, so as to secure and provide water in adequate quantity forall social and economic needs for present and future generations, with the full participation ofall stakeholders.

2.1.12 Agriculture Policy (2003)This National Agriculture Policy was published in 2003 and was implemented under theMinistry of Agriculture, Animal Industry and Fisheries (MAAIF). The policy recognised landas a natural resource for agriculture and that land use has implications on biodiversityconservation through direct impacts on soil, water and living organisms, which farmersdepend on for agricultural production. However, the Policy expired in 2007 and there isAgricultural Policy in the making(at Cabinet level for discussion) that will be comprehensiveenough to address issues pertaining to improving agricultural production targeting high valuecrops (rice is one of the targeted crops) and using modern agricultural methods.

2.1.13 National Wetlands Policy (1995)Uganda Wetlands Policy was put in place in 1995. The Policy goals and objectives areenshrined in the National Environment Statute 1995. Efforts are underway to develop aWetlands Act to specifically address the wetlands concerns. The aim of the Wetlands Policy isto promote the conservation of Uganda’s wetlands in order to sustain their ecological andsocio-economic functions for the present and future well being of the people. To fulfil thisaim, the Wetlands policy aspires to the following goals:

Maintain biological diversity in wetlands either in the natural community of plants andanimals or in the multiplicity of agricultural activity;

9The National Development P lan 2010/11-2014-2015

10 Morrissey .O, Rudaheranwa .N, and Moller .M (2003); Uganda trade and poverty projection, trade policies, performance and Poverty inUganda.ODI, EPRC, and University of Nottingham.

www.lgfc.go.ug



Maintain the functions and values derived from wetlands resources throughout Uganda;

Promote the recognition and integration of wetland functions in resource management andeconomic development decisions making in sector policies and programmes such as forestry,agriculture, fisheries, and wildlife and sound environmental management.

2.1.14 National Environment Management Policy (1994)The National Environment Management Policy, established in 1994, aims at sustainablesocial and economic development, which maintains and enhances environmental quality andresource productivity on a long-term basis to meet the needs of the present generation withoutcompromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. The Ministry ofWater and Environment as well as NEMA are responsible for the implementation of thepolicy. The objective of the policy with respect to agriculture and farming systems is topromote farming systems and land-use practices that conserve and enhance land productivityin an environmentally sustainable manner by enhancing and strengthening environmentalconcerns in agricultural extension system and placing greater emphasis on environmentallyfriendly means of increasing agricultural production.

2.1.15 National Land Policy (2009)

This is the fourth draft the land policy in the making. Uganda has not had a land policy sincecolonial times. Many forms of land tenure exist viz customary, free hold mailo land andcommunal ownership. These multiple tenure systems do not only pose a challenge tousufructs rights but agricultural development as well.

The vision of the policy is: “A reformed land sector contributing to the transformation ofUganda from subsistence – agrarian economy to a modern economy within 30 years”. Thegoal of the policy is to: “ensure the sustainable utilization and management of Uganda’s landresources for wealth creation, poverty reduction and overall socio-economic development”.Policy proposals in this draft of the National Land Policy, among other things, seek to re-orient the land sector in national development by articulating, management co-ordinationbetween the land sector and other productive sectors to enhance the contribution of the sectorto social and economic development of the country. The policy proposes a bifocal emphasison ownership of land and land use for orderly land development. It stipulates incentives forsustainable and productive use, as well as fiscal measures to achieve the land managementand land development objectives.



2.2 Programs and Projects

Project/Program Period Specific Activities CountryCoverage

Stakeholders Source offunding andtype(grant orloan)

TotalBudget

Dissemination ofNERICA andImproved RiceProduction Systemsto reduce Povertyand Hunger inUganda

2006-2008

• Workshop to raise awareness and Selection of firstproject site.

• Distribution of Nerica Seeds, tools and Equipments forrice production, harvesting and post harvest operation.

• Farmer field schools and Prepare, publish anddistribute guidelines and Manual.

• Land and Water development in inland valley swamps.• Short term intensive trainings for extension

staff/national officers.

8 districts of:• Hoima;• Masindi;• Gulu, Lira;• Mbale;• Tororo;• Wakiso and

Mpigi.

Farmers andExtensionWorkers

FAO(Government of Japan)

US$1,239,983

Agricultural andRural developmentthrough innovativeRice based systemsfor food security andPoverty reduction

2008-2010

• Institutional development that includes NationalSteering Committee, Project Technical Working Group

• Project Workshops• Monitoring and Evaluation of project Workshops.• Purchase and distribution of seed NERICA 1,4 and

10,fertilizers,agro chemicals equipments and smallfarm tools.

• Contract NaCRRI to produce Basic Seeds of NERICA• Provide seed grader, equipment to NaCRRI at

Namulonge• Seed production and Certification• Capacity Building for NSCS of MAAIF.

9 districts of:• Amolatar,• Amoro,• Apac,• Dokolo,• Gulu,• Kitgum.Lira• Oyam, and• Pader.

NaCCRI,MAAIF andFarmers.

Grant 1,499,400

ParticipatoryEvaluation of Uplandrice varieties anddetermination ofSuitable crop

2004 • Evaluate new rice varieties• Carry out studies on seed rate• Determine optimal fertilizer rate• Training of farmers the recommended crop

management practice

• Luwero,• Masindi,• Iganga,• Wakiso and• Mubende

districts.

NARO/NaCCRI US$18,650 Grant





TotalBudget

Promotion ofNARIC 3 UplandRice for sustainableHousehold FoodSecurity and Incomesproject

2004-2006

• Naric 3 Seed distribution• Linking farmers with private agro processors.• Farmer associations for collective marketing,

mobilising savings, and access to credit.

• Wakiso,• Mpigi,• Masaka,• Rakai,• Kiboga,• Kayunga,• Mubende,• Sembabule,• Nakasongola,• Apac, and

Kaberamaido

UNDP, Africa2000 network,Farmers andAgroprocessors.

US$ 310,000= Grant

Private SectorDevelopment andConsultancyCentre(PRICON)

2006-2009

• Training of farmers in best production methods.• Equip farmers with the skills of TOT for sustainability

of skills• Training farmers in pesticide & Herbicides handling.• Link farmers and agro processors for value addition.• Set up rice Demonstration skills• Set up marketing associations and receipt warehouse

systems to enable farmers’ access to markets.

• KabaroleDistrict

Pricon,Farmers. US$45,000= Grant

Farm IncomeEnhancement andForest ConservationProject(FIEFOC)

2008 • Water shed management and Tree planting• Agricultural Enterprise Development(Soil fertility

Management, Small Scale Irrigation and Cropdevelopment, Apicultural promotion, AgriculturalMarketing)

• Support to Project coordination and Management.

Not yet fixed Farmers,MAAIF and MWLEand Farmers

Loan EUR 103.7

AgriculturalProductivityEnhancementprogram(APEP)

2003-2008

• Technology generation through research.• Technology transfer, through farmer field

demonstrations• Post harvest handling• Producer Organisation strengthening.• Private sector input supply.

Covers 43districts fromall regions ofthe country

Farmers andResearchInstitutions,Agro processors

Technicalcooperation/Assistance





TotalBudget

• Training• Market development and Market Intelligence• Agricultural Investments promotion• Agricultural Finance• Agro processing• Policy Advocacy• Biotechnology and Biosafety

Livelihood andEnterprise forAgriculturalDevelopment(LEAD)Project

2008-2013

• Training• Agricultural Extension• Market Linkage• Producer Organization Strengthening• Value Chain approach• Establishing and Strengthening of Farmer Field

Schools• Finance assistance(Grant)

Not indicated Farmers, LocalGovernmentsand PrivateSector

TechnicalCooperation/Assistance

US$35 million

Investment inDeveloping ExportAgriculture(IDEA)

1995-2004

• Generation and Promotion of Efficient Technologies• Functioning Input supply system• Seed Multiplication and Distribution• Market Information Sytems(RAMS)• Outgrower Initiative• Increased Exports• Promotion of Agro processing• Promotion of efficient production technologies• INCREASE IN market opportunities• Improve quality and Post harvest handling• Increase volumes of production• Promotion of Agro processing• Improve Airport Handling System• Consolidation of freight• Put Institutional systems in place.

Not indicated Processors,Farmers,USAIDIDEA, Traders


US$30,058,284





TotalBudget

Area basedAgriculturalModernizationProgram(AAMP)

2003-2008

• Agricultural Commercialization• Rural Infrastructure development• Community Mobilization• Program facilitation

16 districts ofWesternUganda

Localgovernmentsand Farmers,NARO, PrivateSector and CivilSociety

Loan US$16.1Million

District LivelihoodSupport Program

2007-2014

• Community mobilization,• Savings and Services• Agriculture and Land Management• Access Roads and Water Infrastructure• District, Sub county Execution• Program Liaison

• Kamwenge• Kyenjojo,• Kabarole,• Bundibugyo,• Bugiri,• Bulisa,• Nakaseke• etc.

LocalGovernmentsand Farmers

Grant andLoan

US$38.9million

CommunityAgriculturalImprovementProgram

2008-2013

• Rural Infrastructure Improvement(Support to ruralroad improvement, Support to sub-county marketstructures & Agro-Industry services)

Covers 41districts mostof them fromEasternUganda

LocalGovernments,Traders,Processors.

Loan US$65Million

Rural FinancialServices

• Promotion of products innovation• Rural area penetration of MFIs• Strengthening of the training market• MFI capacity Building• Promotion of Rural Business Cultural• Support to Apex structures• MFI upgrading scheme• Program Administration and Monitoring

Throughout thecountry

FinancialInstitutions(Commercial Banksand MicrofinanceInstitutions)

Loan US$24.5Million

Technical AssistanceSupport tosustainable IrrigatedAgricultural

• Carry out baseline survey and select project study sitesand Model farmers

• Plan training programs in the project sites of targeteddistricts

22 districts Farmers, Localgovernments

Technical Co-operation/Assistance

US$3.5Million





TotalBudget

Development Projectin Eastern Uganda

• Train model farmers on irrigated agriculturetechniques and demonstration methods

• Monitor, evaluate and follow up of farmer groups’activities.

Technical Assistanceto NERIC Ricepromotion

2008-2011

• Introduce techniques of characterization andmaintenance of rice germ plasm among others

• Identify the characteristics of newly released NERICArice varieties

• Develop appropriate agronomic practices for uplandand lowland rice under the different agro ecosystemsincluding mechanization and rice based croppingsystems

• Identify the appropriate post harvest technologies andmechanization for cultivation

• Review textbooks and manuals necessary for trainings• Establish demonstration plots• Train stakeholders( local, farmers and farmer groups

etc)on NERICA Rice Cultivation, quality Seedproduction, rice machinery fabrication and othersbased on requests

• Provide training and exchange information withAfrican countries

• Conduct other activities relevant to promotion ofNERICA Rice in Africa.

National CropResourcesResearchInstitute(NacRRI)at Namulonge

NacRRIresearchers andStaff, Ricefarmers andLocalGovernments


US$3.9Milion

Grant Aid Project forEstablishment ofRegional RiceResearch andTraining Centre inthe National CropResources Research

2009-2010

• Construct new rice research laboratories with enhancedequipments

• Renovate and expand experimental field attached tothe institute.

NacRRIat NARONamulongeResearchStation

Government,ExtensionWorkers andRice farmers

Grant US$6.7Million





TotalBudget

InstituteWater forAgriculturalProduction

1999-2015

• Reconstruction of Bulk Water Supply for multipurposeuse.

• Reconstruction of dams/valley tanks.• Construction of strategic reservoirs for flood control

and water security.• Procurement of dam construction units.

Covers waterstressed areasof the country.Priority areasare North-Eastern Regionand the CattleCorridor-Rakai,Isingiro,Mpigi,Sembabule,Nakasongoraand Karamojaregion

Farmers, LocalGovernments,Directorate ofWaterDevelopment,Ministry ofWater andEnvironmentand Ministry ofMinistry ofAgriculture,Animal Industryand Fisheries.

Government ofUganda andDonors

US $156million.Funds securedUS$ 27.63million.Funding gap -121.3 million

Farm IncomeEnhancementProject

2005-2010

• Tree planting and Water shed management.• Agricultural Enterprise Development.• Soil fertility management.• Small scale irrigation• Crop development.• Apiculture promotion.• Agricultural Marketing

50 Districtscountry wideand 27 of themengaged in riceproductionboth uplandand paddy

MAAIF Government ofUganda

US$51.15million

NationalAgriculturalAdvisory ServicesProgram (NAADS)

2001-2010

• Farmer organization and institutional development.• Priority• Enterprise identification and promotion.• Technology and advisory services.• Needs• Identification and support to farmers.• Contracting and provision of services and• Improved technologies.

Nationwide Farmer groupsand the farmerforum at sub-county, districtand nationallevels-Localgovernments

• Loan, Grantsin form ofFundingBasket

• Andcontributionsfrom LocalGovernments

US$108million





TotalBudget

(LGs) at sub-county anddistrict levels-Private sector( serviceproviders, inputdealers,participants inthe marketingChain)-Researchinstitutions-Traininginstitutions( universitiesand othertertiaryinstitutions)-Politicalleaders atdistrict, sub-county, parishand villagelevels- Line ministries-The NAADSBoard andSecretariat-Cabinet andMembers ofParliament

10% andFarmers 2%





TotalBudget

Energy for ruraltransformation-ERTagriculturecomponent

2002-2012

• Capacity building• Sensitization and promotion of Energy /ICT

investments.• Energy/ICT investments roll over to cover the whole

country

10 Districtsand six of themrice growingareas.

MAAIF,REA,Private Sector,AgriculturalEnterprises AndIndividualFarmers.

IDA Loan &Grant andGovernmentBudget

US$ 0.738

The Sub-countyDevelopment Project

July2007-july2012

1) Three pronged approach- Capacityenhancement interventions (Develop capacity oflocal government technical staff and politicalleadership to identify devp’t intervention gapsand effectively plan and implementinterventions; train community to generate anduse community Information Systems data toplan service delivery and review progress onresults and impacts and generate regular policyrecommendations; provide sub-county planningunits with logistical support namely motorcycles and computers; train sub-county chairpersonsin community mobilization, monitoring andsupervision of governments strategic programsfor prosperity for all and provide logisticalsupport in this regard; and enhance the ability ofhouseholds to engage in gainful production)

2) Strategic Interventions-collaborate with sectorministries and agencies and sub-counties todevelop plans for value addition in selectedstrategic enterprises; facilitate households toaccess basic production inputs such as planting

Countrywide MoFPED,UIA,POST Bank,PmaSecretariat,Uiri,NationalLeadershipInstitute,PrivateSector,CivilSocietyOrganizations,DevelopmentPartners,ResearchInstitutions &LocalGovernments(Higher and Lower)

Grants andGovernmentcontribution

-Total UGX55.3 bn-Govtcontribution-UGX30bn-DonorcontributionUGX25.3bn





TotalBudget

materials, breeding stock and extension services,marketing infrastructure and rural financialservices required for effective implementationof selected viable livelihood strategy.

3) Participatory consultative approach-involvecommunities in respective sub-counties toimplement interventions, building on theexisting information and technical capacity.

AgricultureMarketing AndSupport Project

1) Small scale irrigation, water reservoir and damconstruction, construction of farm roads,establishment of agricultural demonstrationplots etc

Covers 8districtsnamely• Bundibugyo• Kitgum• Pader,• Arua,• Gulu,• Moyo, and

Yumbe.

World FoodProgram

Grant US$ 4.77million

SOURCE: Rice Secretariat –MAAIF and MoFPED



2.3 Expenditure Frameworks

The Maputo Declaration on the Comprehensive Africa Agriculture Development Programme(CAADP) commits signatory African states to increase their budget on agriculturedevelopment to meet both food needs and improve incomes of their citizens. Under thisdeclaration , Uganda is committed, firstly, to the principle of agriculture-led growth as a mainstrategy, secondly, to the pursuit of a 6 percent average annual growth rate for the agriculturalsector, and, thirdly, to increase the share of the national budget allocated to the agriculturalsector, the intention being to reach an eventual target of 10 per cent.This Development Strategic Investment Plan 2010/11-2015/16 will form the basis for thesigning of the CAADP Compact among all key stakeholders and as such will help move thesector towards achieving both the national and CAADP outcomes and targets.11

Expenditure Framework at National and sector levels is guided by a three year rolling planknow as the Public Investment Plans (PIP).The Current PIP focuses on FY 2009/10-2011/12The PIP lists Uganda Government’s highest priority for the next three years along with theexpenditure estimates for each Project. PIP is the priority areas targeted by donor fundingduring the planned period. The PIP finances the Poverty Eradication Action Plan (PEAP)revised in 2004. From now onwards after the expiry of PEAP, the PIP will be based on NDPand Agricultural Policy 2009 yet to be implemented. The key priorities are aimed atenhancing production, competitiveness and Incomes.12

The other expenditure framework is by donors that do both on- and off-budget made andmake a significant contribution to overall funding of agriculture sector expenditure. GoU andthe DPs active in the agricultural sector have indicated a continuing commitment to the sector,the consensus being that the support should as soon as practicable, be aligned with, andcontribute to, the implementation of the DSIP on the basis of a Sector-Wide Approach(SWAp) and Sector Budget Support (SBS).13 The key donors and partners are DanishInternational Development Agency(DANIDA),United States Agency for internationalDevelopment (USAID),European Commission(EC),Africa DevelopmentBank(AfDB),Swedish International Development Agency(SIDA),International DevelopmentAssociation(IDA),International Fund for Agricultural Development(IFAD),WorldBank(WB),Ireland Aid(AD), Netherlands Development Association(NDA),Department forinternational Development(DFID),JAPAN International Cooperation (JICA),United NationsDevelopment Program(UNDP), Nordic Development Fund(NDF),and Belgian Survival FundFor The Third World(BSF).

2.4 Process of implementation of strategies / policies / programs and the expenditureframeworks.

A number of strategies/policies/program implemented by the government and Developmentpartners are delivered through a process of decentralized service delivery.The process of implementing the expenditure frameworks, the government has adopted adeliberate policy for decentralising its budgetary process by developing a reasonable

11 MAAIF (2009)Development Strategy and Investment Plan 2010/11-2015/2016-Final draft, Kampala.12 Ministry of Finance, Planning and Economic Development (2009) Public Investment Plan (PIP) FY 2009/10-2011/12, Kampala.13 MAAIF-DSIP 2010/11-2015/16



framework and administrative infrastructure for developing predictable medium term fiscalmanagement as well as an effective system of fiscal decentralisation. Fiscal decentralisationwas adopted 2002 in order to increase the autonomy of local governments to respond to thedevelopment needs of grassroots areas. The aim was to enhance revenue generation, planningand budgeting by the local authorities. Supportive legal provisions are vested in the LocalGovernment Act Of 1997, The 1995 Constitution of Uganda, The Budget Act of 2001and theLocal Government Budget Framework Papers.14

The budget process adopts the MTEF framework which is based on interaction of a top-to-bottom and bottom-up approach. The process starts with the issuance for a budget call circularindicating resource ceilings for the various spending entities. This is followed by a nationalbudget conference for stakeholders’(Civil society, Local governments, Line Ministries,Donors and Partners) consultations that finally leads to annual budget estimates that agreedupon based on the identified policies and priority programmes across sectors institutions andgovernment hierarchy.

After the budget process, the local governments are allocated funds in form of conditional,Unconditional and Equalisation grants. Conditional grants are meant to fund programmes andprojects agreed upon between the centre and the local government and a spent for the purposeand in accordance to the conditions agreed upon. This funding constitutes 88% of governmentsubventions based on the clear framework for negotiations between local governments andcentral government sector ministries to agree on conditions that promote effectiveimplementation of programmes.

Unconditional grants comprise both wage and non wage to fund decentralisation services.This fund constitutes 11% of government transfers to local governments. Equalisation grantare funds given to local governments lagging behind the national averages standards ofparticular services. It comprises of the 0.5 percent of total transfers and focuses on keyservices namely roads, water, agriculture extension, health and education.15

Official Development Assistance (ODA) to Uganda includes bi-lateral and multi lateral donorassistance extended support to agricultural sector in Uganda. The process of implementationinvolves both direct contacts with farmers as well as use of third party institutions such NGOsto increase the capacity of rural farmers’ organizations.16

At sector level, the process is guided by Development Strategy and Investment Plans (DSIP)as medium-term plan of the Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Industry and Fisheries. The DSIPtranslates the national goals and priorities contained in the PMA into a plan for public sectoractivities in the agricultural sector. The DSIP was designed also to clarify the objectives andoutputs for the sector and to bring out priority areas for spending between 2005/06 and2007/08 and 2010/11-2015/16.The DSIP draws from the PMA the priority areas andupcoming NDP in which public sector action is required in the medium term to support themodernisation of agriculture especially those that fall within the mandate of MAAIF and its

14 African Peer review mechanism report No 7, January 2009, Republic of Uganda-Midland South Africa.15 Bitarabeho Johnson (2008) the experience of Uganda-Local Government role as a partner in the Decentralisation process to strengthenlocal development. A paper presented to the conference on access to Development funding for local governments in Africa, Emperors palaceHotel, Johannesburg, 15-17 September 2008.www.lgfc.go.ug16 MoFPED (2008)Agricultural Sector Investments and Institutional Performance in Uganda, Discussion Paper 17, Kampala

www.lgfc.go.ug



agencies. It is these priority areas that inform the DSIP investment areas and have been thebasis for the Ministry’s planning and budgeting exercises in recent years.

At local government level, each district uses decentralized functions to carry out theirfunctions through committees. The agricultural sector falls under the Production andMarketing Committee (comprised of District NAADS Coordinator, District AgricultureOfficer, Secretary for Production) that is charged with identifying priorities for expenditureusing the bottom up planning to generate investment priorities and through the NAADSservice delivery system where farmers choose and priorities enterprises that are costed andsubmitted to NAADS district office for funding.

2.5 Analysis of strategies, policies / programs and expenditure frameworks.2.5.1 Strategies and PoliciesSome of the Macro level policies(NEMA Policy 1994, National Wetlands Policy 1995,National Water policy 1999,and draft land policy 2009) aim at providing environment forsustainable natural resource use and management for improved production of agriculturalaimed at improving incomes focusing on shifting from subsistence to commercialization.While other policies(Privatisation Policy, Liberalisation Policy)aim to provide supportframeworks aimed at commercialization of agricultural and implementation of the strategieswith a focus on poverty reduction. The decentralization policy brings up the expenditure andplanning frameworks of the macro delivery system promoting agricultural production usinglocal governments and Programs like NAADS and the interaction of different stakeholders inthe struggle to reduce production.

At sector level, the key policies and strategies include among others Rural developmentstrategy 2005 and Zoning strategy promoting key ten crops that includes rice as key incomegenerating and food crop and the Development Plan and Investment Strategy 2010-16 spellsout the detailed funding aspects to ensure that appropriate funds are allocated to plans torealize targets to transform agriculture from subsistence to commercialization and how it iskey to poverty reduction and food self sufficiency.

2.5.2 Programs and Projects

The matrices in the above section show that programs/projects cover specific areas andprovide key ingredients to the development of the rice sub-sectors especially in the area ofseed production and multiplication and capacity building of key stakeholders. However, someof the projects and programs have a tendency to overlap and duplicate activities. In someother cases the programs and projects a spread thinly on the ground and the impact tends to beless than the targets set.

Once again in reference to matrices, there are no clear strategies of sustainability ofprogram/project activities implying that skills and knowledge may not be easily replicatedelsewhere in the country without implementation of similar projects. However, there are someoutstanding cases of programs that have been successful and worth replication elsewhere in



the country. For example NERICA rice variety introduced in less than 3 three years coversmore than 10,000 hectares due to effort of private- public partnerships and political will withsupport from Vice presidents office.

2.5.3 Expenditure Frameworks

In the first instance, Expenditure frameworks show a tendency to reinforce the other. Forexample there are activities funded by the main stream public budget through the fiscaldecentralization supplemented by Overseas Development Assistance through internationalNGOS and organizations. In the second instance, there is duplication and over concentrationin our area or programme, scattering and wasting resources that could otherwise have beenspread over a long period and covering large area. Within the decentralisation framework,local governments and farmers have been in most cases unable to meet their co-fundingobligations due to lack of funds for example the NAADS activities. Frameworks that tend tobe inter sectoral receive uneven attention of finding which hinders the intersectoral synergiesto development. A case in point is the PMA implementation where different pillars housedunder different sectoral ministries have received uneven funding attention thus area

2.6 Analysis of funding process of strategies /policies / programs and expenditureframeworks.

2.6.1 Strategies and Policies

Funding of strategies and policies are mainly through Central government budget and bilateraland Multi lateral donor and budget support and borrowing from International FinancialInstitutions especially World Bank, Africa Development Bank. Donor budget support maydelay and at times tied on conditions that may delay implementation of the strategies andPolicies. In other instances some policies are made as political pronouncements that adequateand certain funding sources and duplication of activities. Cases are the Rural DevelopmentStrategy and Prosperity For all that all focuses on Sub-county as model of development.2.6.2 Programs and ProjectsFunding process of most programs and projects are through grants andmultilateral/Technical Assistance that are duration specific. Programs and Projects arefunded within given time schedules and after expiry of grant and technical assistancesustainability of funding the continuity of programs/projects because an issue becauserarely are mechanisms inbuilt to generate funds for sustaining activities in the longterm.

2.6.3 Expenditure Frameworks

The overall development strategy for agricultural development and Policy framework is multisectoral and funding processes are done through line sectors and stakeholders.



Timeliness of funding process through decentralized framework is bogged down bybureaucratic red tape, conditional ties attached to funding by the centre and at times delay ofreleases. Also given the fact that government operates a cash budget the funding process maybe too delayed to meet planting season deadlines a common practice in agriculture enterprisesespecially through NAADS program.

The funding processes of some projects can be manipulated to suit the implementer’s motives.For example there have been reported cases where District Chairpersons may allocate tendersto quack contractors/suppliers of substandard planting and seed materials or allocation ofprogram to an area where the agro ecological conditions are not suitable for a particulartechnology hence failure to achieve desired objectives.

2.7 Analysis of the key stakeholders’ role and responsibilities in regard to strategies,policies/programs, projects and expenditure frameworks and financial institutions.

Stakeholder Form of Existence Roles andresponsibilities

Challenges Opportunities

Farmers Individuals or family andinformal groups

Production-cultivation, sowing,weeding, harvesting,threshing and drying,and transportation tothe market

Lack skills insoil andconservation,Lack ofknowledge andinvestmentfinance toimprove storagefacilities andimprovedvarieties.

• Researcher-farmer-inputlinkages.

• Rice millers-farmerlinkages ifstrengthenedcan boostproduction.

• Agriculturecreditschemes byfinancialinstitutions

FarmerOrganizations

Associations, Cooperatives Enhance the farmers’ability to accessinputs and collectiveproduce marketing;enhance farmers’access to supportservices and loansmicro creditinstitutions such asSACCOs.

Informalitylimits them toaccess credit,corruption andmismanagementstifles theirgrowth.

Ability toinfluencepolicy in theirfavour.Sourcinginputs in largecould be alittle easier.Legal statuswould accordthem capacitybuilding andother supportfrom donorsandgovernment.



Private Serviceproviders(Inputsuppliers, Ricemillers andtraders)

Private individuals orCompanies

Extension servicesand technology,Processing,Marketing and supplyand maintenance ofequipment

Limited financecapital, profitmotivated sooperate whereit’s profitablewhich limitstheir operations.

Partnershipswith farmerscan improvetechnologytransfer, valueaddition,marketing andequipmentaccess.

Public ServiceProviders

Local Governments Traditional ExtensionServices

Conditional tiedfunding, Littlelocal revenuedue to abolitionof GraduatedTax.

Enterpriseprioritizingstructure thatis farmerresponsive

NAADS Advisory ExtensionServices,Technologies andFinancing

Rapid divisionand creation ofnew districts,Limited co-funding of localgovernmentsand farmers

National AgriculturalResearch Services/NARO

Research andDevelopment anddissemination oftechnologies

Limited fundingandunwillingnessto undertakelong termresearchespeciallyprivatepractitioners.

StrengthenExistingLinkagesbetweenfarmers andZonalAgriculturalResearchInstitutions,Linkages withInternationalResearchInstitutions tobuild capacityand shareinformationandKnowledge.

Micro Finance SupportCentre

Financial Servicesthrough Apexorganizations andPrivate Providers.

Low Capacityin terms ofHumanResources andOutletsdistributionthroughout thecountry.

Stakeholdersin riceproduction canaccess financeat low interestrate to boosttheir activities.

DonorsAgencies

EU,DANIDA,USAID,FAO,UNDP, IFAD, AfDB,SIDA, JICA,WFP

Budget support andSector budget support

Area and timebound support

Adequatefunding ofprograms andcapacitybuilding ofstakeholders



NonGovernmentOrganizations

OXFAM,DANIDA,Norwegian RefugeeCouncil

Implement programsand projects involvinginputs, capacitybuilding andmarketing.

Donorconditions andrestrictions.

Linkstakeholdersto otherdonors,capacitybuilding andfinancialservices.

3.0 MATCHING OF THE STRATEGIES / POLICIES / PROGRAMS AND THEEXPENDITURE FRAMEWORKS WITH THE NRDS’SUB-SECTORS

3.1 The National Rice Development Strategy sub-sectors

The national rice development strategy includes the following: to strengthen the institutionalframework; Seed PRODUCTION, Multiplication and dissemination of the certified seed;Research, Technology and Capacity Building; Improve Irrigation and water management;post harvest handling, Processing and Marketing; Access to and maintenance of AgriculturalEquipment; and Access to Agricultural Finance and Policy development. All the ninestrategies are supposed to be implemented in consonance so as to promote and enhance riceproduction in Uganda.

3.2 MATCHING OF THE STRATEGIES / POLICIES / PROGRAMS AND THE EXPENDITUREFRAMEWORKS WITH THE NRDS’SUB-SECTORS

Subsector Strategy Expenditure FrameworkSeeds Genetic resources developed and maintained,

Capacity building in seed production andcertificationa)FAO projects funded by government of Japan-Purchase and distribution of NERICAvarieties 1, 4, and 10 rice seeds.b)NARO/NaCRRI- Evaluated new rice varieties withparticipation of farmers and carried out studieson seed rate.c)NAADS (2001-2010)-Appropriate technologies available insufficient quantities to meet farmers identifiedneeds.d)AID LIASON Department of MFPEDpromotion of NERIC 3 funded byUNDP(2004-2006)-NARIC 3 rice seed distributed to farmers onloan revolving basis.

Grants and Multi lateralcooperation and Assistance



Fertilizer Development of policy on fertilizer,Improvement of farmers' access to fertilizers,Ensuring required quality of fertilizer beforedissemination, Reducing cost of fertilizer

Government Budget Support torevamp PhosphatesManufacturing

Irrigation Refurbishment of current irrigationinfrastructure Set up new irrigationinfrastructure, Collaboration between water useand management Stakeholders.a)MAAIF AND MLWE

- Small scale Irrigation and CropDevelopment

Grants and Loans

AgriculturalEquipment

Acquisition of agricultural machinery andequipment for land preparation, agronomy,irrigation and post harvest, Efficient utilizationand maintenance of machinery and equipment.-Agro machinery research is already takingplace at AEATREC and Soil Research atNARL and several research centers responsiblefor technology generation and testing in thedifferent regions of the country.

Government Budget support toResearch Institutions, PrivateSector Investments

Research Increase and improve research and technologygeneration, Increase access and adoption ofknowledge and technologiesa)USAID APEP 2003-2008

- Technology generation includingagricultural research

- Technology transfer, through farmerfield demonstrations, bio technologyand bio safety

Grants and TechnicalCooperation

Structuring Reinforce policy dialogue, Capacity buildingfor agricultural officers and farmers, Improvefacilities in rice development institutions,Strengthen institutional linkages andparticipation of stakeholders.a)USAID APEP 2003-2008

- Policy advocacy- Market development and market

intelligence- Producer organisation strengthening- Private sector input supply- Training

Technical Cooperation andGrants



Credit Improve Policies on agricultural financea) USAID-APEP(2003-2008)- Agricultural Finance

b) Association of Rural Development (ARD)2008-2013.

- Financial assistant(Grant)

Government Budget Support,Grants and TechnicalAssistance

Postharvest, Postharvest handling,Processing andMarketing

Capacity building for agricultural officers,technicians, artisans and farmers, Adoption ofbetter postharvest handling and processingtechniques and equipment, Ensure adequatesupply of rice to rice mills, Branding andidentifying market niche that give high prices.a)Development in Investment of ExportAgriculture(IDEA) 1995-2004

- Improved Quality And Post HarvestHandling

- Increased Volume Of Production- Promotion of Agro processing- Improved airport handling systems- Consolidation of freight

Grants and TechnicalAssistance and Loans andPrivate Sector Investments

Land tenure Reforms in land tenure and property ownershipa)Districts Livelihoods Support Program 2007-2014Funded by IFAD and BSF

- Agriculture and land Management- Land Policy in offing

Government Budget support

3.3 Matching of the expenditure frameworks with the NRDS’ sub-sectors

As earlier mentioned, the subsectors include strengthening the institutional framework;Seed production, Multiplication and dissemination of the certified seed; Research,Technology and Capacity Building; Improve Irrigation and water management; Post harvesthandling, Processing and Marketing; Access to and maintenance of Agricultural Equipment;and Access to Agricultural Finance and Policy development.

The Expenditure Framework is guided by a three year rolling plan know as the PublicInvestment Plans(PIP).The Current PIP focuses on FY 2009/10-2011/12. The PIP listsUganda Government’s highest priority for the next three years along with the expenditureestimates for each Project. PIP is the priority areas whose donor funding during the plannedperiod. The PIP finances the Poverty Eradication Action Plan (PEAP) revised in 2004 and oflate the NDP and DISP. All the projects included in the PIP address the DISP and NDP asstipulated in the respective departments and semi-autonomous organisations expenditures. Inthe MAAIF, National Agricultural Research Organisation through Namulonge Animal and



Agricultural Research Institute has been receiving funding for development multiplication ofNERICA Rice Variety from FAO.

The Ministry of Energy and Mineral development is implementing Energy for Ruraltransformation (ERT) project through the Rural Electrification Agency (REA).Theagricultural component addresses the rice subsector of Post harvest handling, Processing andMarketing. The program is funded from the rural electrification fund to lower the investmentcost in energy access for agricultural related activities.17

Access to Agricultural Finance and Policy development sub sector are catered for under theMinistry of Finance, Planning and Economic Development through the microfinance programimplemented by the Microfinance Support Centers country wide. Private sector is also veryactive in providing micro finance. Examples are the Centenary Rural Development Bank andUganda Cooperative Alliance (UCA) and Uganda development Trust are active in financingrice production programs in northern Uganda.18 The matching Donors expenditureframeworks for rice subsectors fall under funding projects and programs of APPEP byUSAID mission and ASPSII by DANIDA.

3.4 Determination of Unsatisfied Needs (GAP)

Needs in the operational domain (all investments facilitating the whole rice value chainsimprovement, including the human resources)

Needs Current Future Gap

a) Human Resources(Rice Specialists)

Researchers withMsc & PhD

10 (3 full time and 7part time) 2008

30(9 full time and 21 part time) 20

Technicians 10(3 Full time and 7part time)

30(9 full time and 21 part time) 20

Extension Officers Currently 63 arepart timers and noneis for full time.

90 extension Officers will berequired

160(120 full timeand 40 part time)

b)Credit and Finance

Credit forproduction costs

22% per annum Lower interest rates AgriculturalInsurance Schemes

c)Production Labour intensiveland preparation,harvesting threshingand winnowing andpackaging

Ox ploughs Tractors, Herbicides,Harvesters, threshers and Modernstorage bins.

d)Processing andMarketing

Hand threshing onbare ground. Nolabeling and poor

Destoners, graders and pre-cleaners and High Capacity

17 MAAIF (2005), Energy for rural transformation (ERT) project-Agricultural Component.18 PMA (2009) a market research study on rice value chain in the chain in the Acholi and Lango sub regions.



packaging in bulkof 50kg.

Milling machines.

Packing and branding machines

3.5 Needs for an enabling environment

3.5.1 Policy issues

First and foremost, the Ten Year Rice strategy running from 2009-2018 is in place to guideoverall rice development. A rice secretariat has been put in place and based at MAAIFheadquarters in the Crop resources directorate. Second, there is the Rural DevelopmentStrategy (RDS) which focuses its interventions at sub-county level. From that, much broadervision of Prosperity for All (PFA) was formulated. Under PFA, rice is one of the ten cropsvalue chain is earmarked for development. At sector level, MAAIF formulated aDevelopment Strategy and Investment Plan as a medium term (DISP) plan translating thenational goals and priorities contained in the PMA into a plan for public sector activities inthe agricultural sector

3.5.2 Institutional issues

There is need for a semi autonomous lead agency in the MAAIF to specifically to addressissues related to rice production and quality assurance. An autonomous agency like RiceDevelopment Authority could greatly improve the sector.

3.5.3 Legal issues (Law, regulations, etc.)

A rice policy draft is at cabinet level for debate and final approval to guide rice productionactivities. The policy among other things will provide for a lead agency to be put in place, andlegal framework guiding its operations and relations with other stakeholders to enable theagency operate smoothly in executing its mandate. In this case an act of parliament can beenacted to support the lead agency processes and operations.

3.5.4 Costs of unsatisfied needs

We are yet to put together the data on costs for the unsatisfied needs like training ofresearchers and related activities.

3.5.5 Operational domain

The Ministry has a coordinating agency the Rice Secretariat whose role is tocoordinate and implement decisions of the steering committee. The rice secretariatwas created in 2008 with the sole purpose of coordinating stakeholders who includeline ministries namely-Ministry of Tourism and Trade, Ministry of Local Government(Rice growing takes place in districts), Ministry Of Finance, Planning and EconomicDevelopment for Financing, Ministry Of Water and the Environment and Office of thePresident that has focused on policy, mobilization, increasing production by supplyingseed and training Human resources. Other members of the steering committee are



NGOs represented by Sasakawa Global 2000, Representative of Rice Millers, UgandaNational Farmers Federation, National Environment Management Authority, NationalAgricultural Research Organization Research Institutes, JICA, FAO and NAADS.

So far number achievements have been registered that include a lot of seed has beenproduced and Uganda is self sufficient in seed.1400 metric tons available. Previouslyseed was being imported from Benin but plans are under way for Uganda to exportseed to Benin. There are a lot being done in the area of seed production that includesbreeding pest and disease resistant varieties.

The government of Uganda has embarked on plans to revamp the Phosphate Fertilizerfactory in Tororo to enable farmers’ access to fertilizer at a cheaper cost.

Tractors hire services to be operationalised in all rice growing areas through PublicPrivate Sector Partnerships.

3.5.6 Enabling environment

The Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Industry and Fisheries has draft a rice policy thatis before cabinet for approval to basically support and promote rice production inUganda.Water for Agricultural Production is in offing. The policy aims at increasing access towater for production especially irrigation by farmers who are engaged in both paddyand upland rice production.Finally, to ensure efficiency in coordination of agencies technical working groupscomprising of NARO and JICA to disseminate information on rice to stakeholders.

4.0 OPPORTUNITIES OF TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE UNSATISFIEDNEEDS

4.1 Political Will and Support.

President Yoweri Museveni has been at the forefront of promoting NERICA rice productionsince 2004.The Vice Presidents Office has been at the forefront of promoting NERICA ricevariety and seeds have been distributed to representatives of farmers’ groups from 11 districts.The initiative will be eventually expanded to cover many more districts.19The political willand support is an opportunity for NRDS to influence policy, institutional and legalframeworks aimed at promoting rice production.

4.2 Exploiting Donor support strategies to address national/sector budgetaryconstraints

19 The growing NERICA boom in Uganda-Africa Rice Centre Warda 2002



Currently, a number of donors are involved in activities that can be exploited to support ricedevelopment.

JICA is involved in activities on research in Variety development, processing, Small ScaleIrrigation, NERICA Dissemination, Support the Rice Industry Secretariat and Institutionaldevelopment & capacity building in Uganda.

FAO – NERICA Dissemination and improved rice production systems intended to reducepoverty and food deficit in Uganda. This project was funded as a grant from FAO and endedin 2008.Because of its success, there are MAAIF can approach FAO for further funding andreplication of its activities elsewhere to cover all rice growing areas. The initial projectcovered only 8 districts of Hoima, Masindi, Gulu, Lira, Mbale, Tororo, Wakiso and Mpigi.

WFP- Market for rice produce is the strategy adopted by WFP to enable poor scale farmersshift from subsistence to sustainable livelihoods.WFP has opened up a regional office inKampala for eastern southern and central Africa.WFP would like to procure more producelocally and step up local procurement from the current 1% to 10%.this will enhance themarketing opportunities for small scale farmers. Opportunities in this strategy include creditfacilities to finance small scale farmers through the warehouse receipting system as themarket is guaranteed by WFP.The project can also be expanded to cover more districtsbeyond the 8 districts covered of Arua, Bundibugyo, Gulu, Kitgum, Pader, Moyo,Yumbe andAdjumani.The strategy has been running from 2002 to 2010.

AfDB – rural infrastructure development support strategy is being implemented through theCommunity Agricultural Infrastructure Improvement Project I and II that cover 41 districts inNorthern and Eastern Uganda. Given the Banks funding successes in the country, there aremore opportunities inherent in funding more activities that are to do with agricultureproduction. The north is just emerging from crisis and many a donor would be more thanwilling to support by funding initiatives aimed at reviving livelihoods given the area issuitable for rice that has been earmarked by the government of Uganda as both a food securityand cash crop.

IFAD is involved in a number of activities that include Basket funding to NAADS & CSO’sfunding with a focus to enable farmers, rural communities and women groups. To respond tothe government’s Plan for Modernization of Agriculture, IFAD recently revised its CountryStrategic Opportunities Paper (COSOP). The COSOP has identified the following major areasof opportunity for IFAD in the country:

promoting strong civil-society organizations and community-based development building the capacity of decentralized systems to identify and respond to constraints

on rural poverty reduction increasing the access of smallholder farmers to capital and technology mainstreaming gender issues and HIV/AIDS prevention and mitigation practices into

rural development activities



Improving the capacity of households and communities to increase their integrationinto markets.20

5.0 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Conclusion

Agriculture has been earmarked as a key driver to economic development in Uganda.Number policies and strategies have been implemented to support commercialization ofAgricultural though with varying impacts and outcomes.

A number of implemented Projects and Programs are aimed at promoting agriculturalactivities and rice production in particular are or have been received immense support andfunding from Government, Donors and Multilateral Agencies like FAO.

Rice strategy has been put in place and is being implemented by a secretariat that hasmanaged to bring all stakeholders together though faced with challenges of sustainablefunding.

However, a lot needs to be done in areas of the rice subsectors in order to realize the goalsof National Rice Strategy 2009-2018 and national food self sufficiency and improvedincomes of the rural population.

Rice has b

a) Actions required for improving the status of rice value chains in the differentnational strategies and investments plans.• Donor and NGO rice program interventions should have clear linkages with

NAADS for sustainability.• Include market linking as an intervention.• Initiate SACCOs that target rice as an intervention to provide cheaper loans.• Link the food security to NAADS and local governments which are concerned

with both food security and commercialization• Improve NGOs technical capacity and linkages with markets through other

stakeholders.• Financial Institutions should partner with processors to provide embedded

services to farmers.

b) Government and Line Ministries and their respective departments and semi-autonomous bodies equipped with resources (Human and Financial) backed by

20http://www.ruralpovertyportal.org/web/ifad/operations/country/home/tags/uganda

http://www.ruralpovertyportal.org/web/ifad/operations/country/home/tags/uganda



strong policies and laws for effective and efficient execution of their respectivemandates.

Other stakeholder like farmers, processors and marketers need to be equipped withnecessary infrastructure and support by both government and development partners tocontribute meaningfully to development of the rice sector.

6.0 REFERENCES

• Bitarabeho. J (2008) the experience of Uganda-Local Government role as a partner inthe Decentralisation process to strengthen local development. A paper presented to theconference on access to Development funding for local governments in Africa,Emperors palace Hotel, Johannesburg, 15-17 September 2008.www.lgfc.go.ug

• APRM (2009) Republic of Uganda, Africa Country Review Report No 7.• African Peer review mechanism report No 7, January 2009, Republic of Uganda-

Midland South Africa.• http://www.ruralpovertyportal.org/web/ifad/operations/country/project/tags/uganda/13

69/project%20overview.

• MAAIF (2005), Energy for rural transformation (ERT) project-AgriculturalComponent.

• MAAIF (2009); Agriculture Paper for National Development Plan-Kampala.

• Ministry of Finance, Planning and Economic Development (2009) Public InvestmentPlan (PIP) FY 2009/10-2011/12, Kampala.

• MoFPED (2008), Agricultural Sector Investments and Institutional Performances inUganda, Discussion Paper 17, Kampala.

• MoFPED (2009); Budget Speech Financial Year 2009/10, theme: Enhancing StrategicInterventions to Improve Business Climate and Revitalize Production to AchieveProsperity for All. Delivered at the meeting of the Fourth Session of the 8th

Parliament of Uganda on Thursday 11th June, 2009.

• Morrissey .O, Rudaheranwa .N, and Moller .M (2003); Uganda trade and povertyprojection, trade policies, performance and Poverty in Uganda. ODI, EPRC, andUniversity of Nottingham.

• Office of the Prime Minister (2009) Annual Policy Implementation Review (APIR)2007-2008) Volume II: Summary Report. Product of the National Monitoring andEvaluation Technical Working Group subcommittee on APIR-Kampala

www.lgfc.go.ug

http://www.ruralpovertyportal.org/web/ifad/operations/country/project/tags/uganda/13



• Office of the Prime Minister (2009) Annual Policy Implementation Review (APIR)2007-2008) Volume I: Summary Report. Product of the National Monitoring andEvaluation Technical Working Group subcommittee on APIR.

• PMA (2009) A market research survey on rice value chain in the Acholi and LangoSub-regions of Northern Uganda; Final report –by Imani Development (East AfricaLtd)

• PMA/DANIDA (2007) Kakuba. T (2007) PMA contributing to transformation-Preliminary findings from an outcome of assessment; From Poverty to Prosperity;Making prosperity a reality; PMA Bulletin No 5 Vol.1 September, 2007.

• http://www.ruralpovertyportal.org/web/ifad/operations/country/home/tags/uganda• http://www.finance.go.ug/docs/BONNA_BAGGAGGAWALE.pdf

7.0 APPENDICES

http://www.ruralpovertyportal.org/web/ifad/operations/country/home/tags/uganda

http://www.finance.go.ug/docs/BONNA_BAGGAGGAWALE.pdf



MATRIX 1:

Draft Report Alliance for a Green Revolution for Africa (AGRA)

Cliff Bernard Nuwakora/CASE International Consultants Ltd Page 2

LineMinistries

Strategies /Policies

Status (ongoing and inthe pipeline)

Period Matching with NDRSsub-sectors

Remarks

Agriculture Plan forModernizationof Agriculture

NAP in thePipelineDevelopmentSectorInvestmentPlan inpipeline.

DSIP-2010-2016 All NRDS subsectors Provides entry points for anchoring allNRDS subsectors.

RuralDevelopmentStrategy

Ongoing andhas beenblended withCommunityInformationServices

2005 to date All NRDS subsectors An opportunity for all subsectors in termsof funding opportunities and planning.

AgricultureZoning strategy

On going 2004 to date Research ,Technologyand Capacity building,

Zones suitable for growing rice mayreceive enormous support from bothgovernment and donors.

DevelopmentStrategyInvestmentPlan(DSIP)I &II

DISP IexpiredDISP II in thepipeline

- 2005-2008- 2010-2016

All NRDS subsectors Guide all investment and Planning.Presents enormous opportunities forNational Rice Strategy implementation.

NationalAgriculturalPolicy(NPA)

In the Pipeline -2010 on wards All NRDS subsectors All subsectors of NRDS likely to be givendue prominence and support from policyimplementers’.

Water Water forProductionStrategy

Ongoing 2005-2015 Covers the subsector ofImproved irrigation andwater management

Support rice growing in water stressedareas that are ecologically suitable for riceproduction. The resultant effect is theincreased acreage of rice



Industry Energy forRuralTransformation

On going 2004-2012 Post harvest handling ,processing and marketing

Enhance value addition and better price forfarmers

PrivatisationPolicy

On going Early 1990s todate

Promote development ofall subsectors.

Increased private sector participation likelyto improve service delivery and influencepolicy

Trade Medium TermCompetitiveStrategy

Enhance production andmarketing of rice for cashincome.

Rice is one of the crops earmarked forproduction for export therefore muchsupport expected from government.

LiberalisationPolicy

Completed Early 1990s Supports development ofall subsectors with privatesector as a key driver todevelopment activities.

Opportunities for rice farmers to maximizeproduction and bargain for a better price oftheir produce.

Finance Prosperity forAll(PFA),

On going 2006 Supports .all subsectorswith focus on planningand budgeting based atlowest unit of localgovernment-The Sub-county.

Opportunity for NRDS strategy toinfluence planning and increasedproduction right from the grass root levelexploiting the opportunity of bottom –upplanning in local governments.

RuralDevelopmentStrategy

On going 2005 Encompasses subsectorsof access to agriculturalfinance and policydevelopment, irrigationand water management,post harvest handling,processing and marketingwith support fromgovernment to organizedfarmer groups.

This strategy provides an ideal opportunityto promote NRDS in ecologically suitedareas. Immense support anticipated fromLocal Governments especially the sub-counties who are the implementing agency.

Planning NationalDevelopmentPlan

In the pipeline 2010/11-2014/15 Covers all NRDS sub-sectors .Aims at deployingradical strategies that willimprove productivity

The Plan is an important rallying point toimplement the rice strategy within the fiveplan as the starting point.



levels and modernize thesector.

Infrastructure (feederroads,bridges…etc.)

CommunityInfrastructureDevelopmentPlanII(CAAIP),

On going 2008-2013 Covers the NRDS subsectors of Extension &Training, Production,Marketing, Post-harvest,

NRDS can use the opportunity to embarkon programmes like mobilizing farmersand private sector towards improving riceproduction, access to extension andtraining of famers and service providers,marketing and post harvest aspects.

Energy forRuraltransformationAgricultureComponent

On going

Research NationalAgricultureResearchServices Policysupported byNationalAgriculturalResearch Act2005

Ongoing 2005 to date Covers the subsectors ofresearch, technology andcapacity building.

• Stakeholdersinvolved are PublicResearch Institutes

• Universities and othertertiary institutions,

• Privatecompanies/privatesector,

• Farmer organizations,• Civil Society

Organisations,• Advisory Service

Organizations and• NARS Linkage

Institutions – the

Provides opportunity for informationexchange and active stakeholderinvolvement in demand and supply ofresearch services that are use friendly andowned by all stakeholders.



regional andinternationalorganizations.

• Individuals



MATRICE 2 ON FUNDING FRAMEWORKS- ONGOING & PLANNED WITH INPUTS FOR NRDS

Names offundingframeworks

Status (ongoing andin thepipeline)

Period Stakeholders Activitiesfunded

Type(Loan orgrant)

TotalBudget

Matching with NDRSsub-sectors & relatedbudget

Remarks

Nationalfundingframeworks:PublicInvestmentPlans (PIP)

On going 2009/10-2011/12

LocalGovernments,Farmers andPrivate sectorGovernment& Donors

Water forProduction

UGX342.2 bn

3.0 per cent to theInstitutionalStrengtheningprogramme-60% production andProductivityprogramme.-31.6% Market accessand Value addition.-5.4 %enablingenvironmentprogramme.3.0% institutionalstrengtheningprogramme.

1)NationalDevelopmentPlan

Yet tocommence

2010/11-2014/15

Nationalimplementedwith specificsectorinvestmentsoutlined

AgriculturalDevelopment

Ongoing 2010/11 -2015/16

Private,Public sectorand Donors

Production andProductivityprogramme,Market access

Grants/loans/Government

UGX2,731billion

Major investments inAgricultural AdvisoryServices, AgriculturalTechnology, Value






Type(Loan orgrant)

TotalBudget


Remarks

Strategy andInvestmentPlan

and valueaddition,creating anenablingenvironmentandinstitutionalstrengthening.

funding Addition & MarketAccess, Pest andDisease. Increased pestand diseases.

Control, Water forAgriculturalProduction andRegulatory Services

NEPAD Ongoing Yet to beimplemented

African Unionand memberstates

-Provision ofirrigationequipment anddevelopmentof arable land.

-Improvementof other ruralinfrastructure(roads, ruralelectrificationetc.

InstitutionalSupport –research

Grantsand loanfacilities






Type(Loan orgrant)

TotalBudget


Remarks

centres andinstitutes,provision ofextension andsupportservices,involvement ofcommunitiesin policy andprovision ofservices.

4)MillenniumChallengeAccount

Eligibilityfor 2009

On going

LowIncomecategory

Ugandaeligible forfunding andone of the 64countries lowincomecategory

Demonstratedfreedom andinvestment herpeople. Theopportunity toreduce povertyand generateeconomicgrowth.






Type(Loan orgrant)

TotalBudget


Remarks

5) Sector-WideApproach(SWAp) andSector BudgetSupport(SBS).

Budgetsectorsupport

2010-2016 ASPS II -agriculturalresearch,-Agriculturaladvisoryservices,-Agro-businessdevelopment,-nationalreformprocess,-districtagriculturaltraining,-restoration ofagriculturallivelihoods innorthernUganda,-agriculturalproductsinspections,-formulation ofagriculturalbills andregulations.

Donorbudgetsupport

US$54Million






Type(Loan orgrant)

TotalBudget


Remarks

6)Internationalfundingframeworks:



MATRICE 3 ON FRAMEWORKS OF POLICIES DIALOGUE- ONGOING & PLANNED WITH INPUTS FOR NRDS

Frameworks ofpolicies dialogue(including thoseimplying donors)

Status(ongoingand inthepipeline)

Period Stakeholders (to list, seetheir awareness of theexistence of NRDS and itscontents andidentification ofchampions / leadersamong them)

Agenda(work plan)and issuesdiscussed

Matching with NDRS sub-sectors

Remarks

1)NationalAgricultural Policy

In thepipeline

2010 to farfuture

PMA secretariat,MAAIFHeadquarter,FAO,NAADS,Uganda FarmersFederation.

Funding andStakeholderparticipationin allprocesses thataffect them

All subsectors in relation toimplementation,institiutionaland legal frameworks

Opportunityto includelegislationandinstitutionsto supportandpromotericeproduction.



CAADP OngoingFuture Forum for advocating

increase in agriculturalfunding.

Uganda is asignatory toCAADP.IncreaseAgriculturalsector budgetfrom 3% to10% of theNationalBudget

To ensure adequate fundingto all subsectors

Opportunityto meet thebudgetaryneeds of therice sectorthoughgovernmentbilateralandMultilateralfunding

MAAIFDevelopmentand StrategicInvestmentPlan(MDSIP)

Ongoing20010/11 2015/16

Riceidentified asstrategic cropfor severalagriculturalzones

Al l subsectors Ideal periodtocommencetheimplementthe NRDS.



COMESA commonagricultural policyand NEPADframework

Ongoing 2007 2012 Investmentsin agriculturalmarketinginformationandcontrollingthe spread ofplant diseasesthroughsupport forharmonisationof SPSmeasures

Covers subsector ofPost Harvest handling,Processing and Marketingand Seed system

Ricemarketingopportunityand controlof diseases.



MATRICE 4 ON PROJECTS/PROGRAMMES OF PARTNERS IN DEVELOPMENT- ONGOING & PLANNED WITH INPUTS FORNRDS

Partners inDevelopment

Name ofProject/Programme


Period Category(specific

activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)

TotalBudget ofProject/Programme

Matchingwith NDRSsub-sectors& relatedbudget

Remarks

African Unionand Memberstates

NewPartnershipfor AfricaDevelopment

All planned Future -Agricultureand FoodSecurity.

-Infrastructure(Water andSanitation,ICT,Energy,Tranport)

-Science andTechnology-Trade and

MarketAccess

-Environmentand Climate

Change-Gender

development

Not yet







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

World Bank,Irish AidNetherlandsInternationalAssistance.

Department forInternationalDevelopment(DFID)EuropeanUnion (EU)

InternationalDevelopmentAssociation(IDA)

International

NationalAgriculturalAdvisoryServices(NAADS)

On going 25 years AgriculturalAdvisory

services inthe country

-PublicPrivate

partnerships-Enterprise

mixapproach

-Zoning ofthe country

to harmoniseactivities

andbackstoppin

g.

WholeCountry

BasketfundingthroughbudgetsupportandContributions fromParticipating LocalGovernments&Participating Farmers

First phaseestimatedat US$108millionfrom foursources offunding.







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

Fund forAgriculturalDevelopment(IFAD)

DANIDA AgriculturalsectorprogrammesupportII(ASPS)

On going 2004-2010

Capacitybuilding for

seedcertificationservices(support to seed

testinglaboratory,

seedinspectionactivities,Support

Uganda’saccreditation

to ISTA)Water forproduction

and NAADSreview

-Supportmeetings

MAAIFHeadquarters

BudgetSupport

US$ 0.471







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

and prepareDevelopmen

t StrategicInvestment

Plan-Facilitate

PolicyDevelopment Activities-Implementthe training

plan forAgriculture

PlanningDepartment,

PolicyAnalysisUnit and

LocalGovernment

sJAPANInternationalDevelopmentAgency(JICA)

Technicalassistancesupport tosustainableIrrigatedagriculturaldevelopmentin EasternUganda

On going 2008-2011

Areas -Policy- R &

D- Exte

nsion &Training

22districts ofEasternUganda(Budaka,Bugiri,Kumi,Sironko,Iganga,

TechnicalCooperation grant

US$ 3,500,000

Capacity ofconcernedpersonnel,necessaryfor trainingandextension ofirrigated riceproduction







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

- Production

- Post-

harvest

- Irrigation

Activitie

sinclude :

-Carr

youtthe

baselinesurvey,andselect

theProject

Tororo,Mayuge,Busia,Mbale,Kamuli,Soroti,Katakwi,Kaberamaido,Pallisa,Bukedea,Namutumba,Butaleja,Manafwa,Kaliro,Amuria,Bududa,Jinja)inEasternUganda

in thetargetedDistricts, isdeveloped.

-Irrigatedricecultivationtechniquesarepromotedamongsmallholdersand theircommunitybasedgroups in theProjectSites.







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

SitesandMod

elFar

mers-

Establish

aliaison

office tocoordina

teProject

activitiesandcommunicatewithrespectiv

etarg







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

etedDistricts

-Plantraining

programs

intheProject

SitesinthetargetedDistricts

-Preparetechnicalmanualsandtextboo







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

ksnecessary fortrainings

-SupportCentralandLocal

Governments toconduct

Environmental

Impact

Assessment(EI







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

A)-

EstablishtheProject

SitesinthetargetedDistricts

-Trai

nOfficials

intargetedDistricts,on

irrigatedagriculture







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

techniques

anddemonstratio

nmethods

-Trai

nMod

elFar

merson

irrigatedagriculturetechniques

anddemonstratio







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

nmethods

-Supportestablishment of

farmers

groups-

Conducttrainingsfor

strengtheningfarmers

groups,ie;(a)

cons







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

truction,maintenance, andmanagement ofirrigation

facilities,(b)

cultivation

management, (c)post

-harvestin

g,(d)

etc.,







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

bytrained

OfficialsandMod

elFar

mers,

utilizingtechnicalmanuals,textbooks,and

Demonstratio

nFarmsintheProj







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

ectSites

-Monitor,evaluateandfollow-upof

farmers

groups’

activities

JICA TechnicalAssistanceSupport toNERICARicePromotionProject

On going 2008-2011 Target-

- NacRRIresearchers

and staff-Rice

farmers inUgandaAreas

covered :-Policy-R & D

NationalCropsResourceResearchInstitute(NaCRRI)inNamulonge

TechnicalCoop./Assistance

US$ 3,900,000







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

-Extension& Training-Production-Marketing

-Post-harvest

-Irrigation-Credit,-Seed

Activities-To introducetechniques

ofcharacterizat

ion andmaintenanceof rice germ

plasm- To identify

thecharacteristics of newly

releasedNERICA

Ricevarieties

- To developappropriateagronomic

practices for







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

upland andlowland rice

under thedifferent

agro-ecosystemsincluding

mechanization and rice

basedcroppingsystems

- To identifythe

appropriatepost-harvesttechnologies

andmechanizati

on forcultivation- To review

technicalmanuals andtext booksnecessary

for trainings- To

establishdemonstratio







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

n plots- To train

stakeholders(local

governmentofficials,

farmers andfarmers

groups etc.)on NERICA

Ricecultivation,quality seedproduction,

ricemachineryfabricationand othersbased onrequests.

- To providetraining and

exchangeinformationwith African

countries.- To conduct

otheractivities

relevant to







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

promotionof NERICA

Rice inAfrica.

JICA Establishmentof RegionalRiceResearch andTrainingCenter in theNationalCropsResourcesResearchInstitute inthe Republicof Uganda

On going 2009-2010

Areascovered--Policy-R & D

- Extension& Training-Production-Marketing

-Post-harvest

- Irrigation-Seed

Activities--Constructnew riceresearch

laboratorieswith

enhancedequipments-Renovateand expand

experimentalfield

attached to

NationalAgriculturalResearchOrganization(NARO)

The GrantAid Project

US$6,700,000

Farmers'income isincreasedthrough theimprovingproductivityof rice inUganda.Self-sufficiencyin Rice inUganda isachievedthroughimprovedquality andproductionof ricethroughestablishment of RegionalRiceResearchand TrainingCenter

Researchcapacityof riceincludingNERICAvarietiesofNaCRRIisenhanced- Humanresourcein the fieldof riceresearchandextensionisdeveloped-Extensionsystem forricepromotionisestablishe







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

the institute d.InternationalFund ForAgriculturalDevelopment(IFAD)andAfricanDevelopmentBank(AfDB)

Area-BasedAgriculturalModernization Programme(AAMP)

Completed 2003-2008

16 Districtsof

Bundibugyo,Bushenyi,Kabale,

Kabarole,Kamwenge,Kanungu,Kasese,Kisoro,

Kyenjojo,Mbarara,Ibanda,

Kiruhuura,Isingiro,

Ntungamo,Rukungiri,

andSembabule

Targetbeneficiariesa)Economically active

smallholdersliving in therural areas

who wish toparticipate

in

Ministryof LocalGovernment

Loan andContributions fromUgandagovernmentandBeneficiariaries

Total cost:US$ 16.1millionIFADloan: US$13.2million,Contribution ofborrower:US$ 1.5million,Contribution ofbeneficiaries: US$1.4 million

Increasedinvolvementof theprivatesector insupport ofthe furthercommercialization ofsmallholderagriculture- Improvedcapacityamongeconomically activefarmers toorganizethemselvesto gainbetter accessto ruralservices(technical,financial andmarketing).- Sustainabledevelopmentand







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

commercialagriculture;

and(b) existingor potentialsmall-scale

entrepreneurs and

businessassociationswho provideservices to

ruralhouseholds(312,500

households)

Activities-1.Agricultur

alCommerciali

zation- TechnicalSupport toFarming

Enterprises· Assist theoperationsof the fieldextension

improvement of ruralinfrastructure.Increasedpublic-sectorcapacity torespond toproductionneedsidentified byinterestgroups/ruralcommunities.







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

workers tosupportfarmer’s

economicinterestgroups.

· Strengthenfarmers’

access to up-to-date

technicalinformationand advice.· Support

farm-basedtesting of

technology,priority

onstationinvestigation

s undercontract to

the NationalAgricultureResearch

Organization(NARO).

· Undertakestudies/surveys related to







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

farmingsystems in

AAMPdistricts.

- BusinessDevelopmen

t andImprovedMarket

Linkages· Provide

agribusinesstraining to

interestgroups.· Make

matchinggrants tointerest

groups foraccessing

support fromprivate

sector andNGOs to

MakeMarket

linkages.· Purchaseair time on







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

local radioto

disseminatetechnical,price andMarket

information.-

Microfinance Training· Assess

demand fortraining.

· Select anorganizationto undertakethe trainingand one totrain thetrainers.

· Carryoutthe training.· Evaluate

the training.- Capacity-

building· Providetechnical

andagribusiness







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

in-servicetraining.

· Facilitatethe

operation ofthe district

basedTechnologyAdaptationSpecialists.

2. RuralInfrastruct

ureDevelopme

nt·

Identification and

planning ofrural

infrastructure

investments.·

Constructionand/or

rehabilitation of rural

infrastructur







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

e.· Operation

andmaintenance

of theinfrastructure developed.- Capacity-

building-Provide

training fordistrict and

countyWorksSectionStaff.

· Facilitatethe

operation ofthe districttechnicalstaff andRoads

Inspectors.

3.Community

Mobilization

· Hold







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

district andsub-county

start-upworkshops.· Train the

CommunityDevelopmen

t Officersand

CommunityDevelopment Assistants.· Awarenesscreation andcommunitymobilization

.4.Programm

eFacilitation· Set up and

operateappropriate

financialmanagement, accounting,monitoring,

reportingand auditsystem.







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

· Providetechnicalsupport to

the districts.· Organizebeneficiarymonitoring

of theprogramme.· Arrange for

externalevaluationsand for theMid-term

Review andProgrammeCompletion

Reviews.

IFAD DistrictLivelihoodsSupportProgramme

On going 2007-2014

Kamwenge,Kyenjoyo,Kabarole,

Bundibugyo,Bugiri,Buliisa,

Nakaseke,etc.

Areas-Extension &

Training

Ministryof LocalGovernment and thedistrictcouncilsandadministrations of 13districts

Grant andLoan

Total cost:US$38.9millionIFADloan:US$27.4million,IFADgrant:US$400,000,







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

- Production-Marketing- IrrigationActivities-

-CommunityMobilisation

,- Savings

and Services-Agriculture

and LandManagement

- AccessRoad, WaterInfrastructur

e- District,

Sub-countyExecution

-Programme

Liaison

BelgianSurvivalFund forthe ThirdWorld(BSF):US$4.8million,Contribution ofborrower:US$4.95million,Contribution ofbeneficiaries:US$1.34million

IFAD CommunityAgriculturalInfrastructureImprovementProgramme(CAIIP)

On going 2008-2013

Localgovernments

covered-Amolatar,Amuria,Bukedea,Dokolo,

Jinja, Gulu,

Minstry ofLocalGovernment.

Loan Total cost:US$65.0millionAfricanDevelopment Bank(AfDB)/ADF:

District andCommunityRoadsrehabilitatedandmaintained- Marketstructures







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

Kaberamaido, Katakwi,

Amuru,Kitgum,

Kumi, Lira,Pader,Soroti,

Wakiso,Budaka,Bududa,Bukwa,

Butaleja,Iganga,Kaliro,Kamuli,

Kapchorwa,Kayunga,Kibaale,Kiboga,

Lyantonde,Manafwa,Masaka,Mbale,

Mityana,Mpigi,

Mubende,Mukono,

Nakasongola,

Namutumba,

US$43.8million,IFADloan:US$15.0million,Government ofUgnada:US$5.5million,Beneficiaries:US$0.6million

constructedandmaintained- Agro-processingunitsinstalled andin use- Increasedaccess tomarketinformationand newskills,especiallyfor womengroups- Timely andproblem freeimplementation- Maintainoperationswithinbudget







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

Pallisa,Rakai,

Sironko,Ssembabule,

Tororo

Directbeneficiaries

Ruralhouseholds

in 97participatingsub-counties

in the 13Districts inthe North

and 28Districts inCentral andEast200,000households(200,000

households)Areas-

- Extension& Training-Production-Marketing

-Post-harvest,







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

Activities-a)Rural

Infrastructure

Improvement

1) Supportto Rural

roadimprovemen

t2) Support

to Sub-countyMarket

Structures +Agro-

Industryservices3) Rural

electrification for

marketsb)

CommunityMobilization

andCapacitybuilding

c) Project







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

Management(PFT) and

Coordination

IFAD RuralFinancialServicesProgramme

On going 2004-2011

Area -Marketing

Direct targetMicrofinance Institutions

(MFIs)Secondarytarget are

26,000HouseholdsActivities-Promotionof ProductsInnovation:· Matchinggrants to

study and/orpilot test

innovativerural

financialproducts,

particularlythose with

anagricultural

ExecutingAgency:MinistryofFinance,PlanningandEconomicDevelopment(MFPED)

Loan Total cost:US$24.5millionIFADloan:US$18.4million,Government ofUganda:US$ 1.10million,Microfinanceinstitutions: US$4.63million,Beneficiaries: US$352 827







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

orHIV/AIDSdimension

Rural AreaPenetration:· Matchinggrants toestablish

newcommunity-based MFIs· Matching

grants to setup new

branches forexisting

MFIs· Matchinggrants tostart rural

subbranchesof formal

banks· Matchinggrants to

start up newagriculturalschemes in

existing







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

formal bankbranches

Strengthening of

TrainingMarket:

· Matchinggrants todevelop

appropriatetraining

courses forrural MFIsby serviceproviders

· Matchinggrants to

train localtrainers in

courseconcepts

developed

MFICapacity-Building:

· Matchinggrants for

MFI to







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

procurecapacity-buildingservices

from localtrainingmarket

· Matchinggrants toMFIs toprocure

basicequipmentlinked tocapacity

improvements.

Promotionof a RuralBusinessCulture:

· Technicaland business

skillstraining

· Functionalliteracytraining· Radio







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

programmeson business

culture,HIV/AIDS,

etc.· Exchange

ofexperienceby farmers,

serviceproviders.Support to

ApexStructures:· Training

andprovision ofequipment· Financing

ofinformationprogrammes

· Partialfinancing ofAMFIU’soperatingcosts after

PY-3.

MFI







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

UpgradingScheme:

· Grants andadvisory

services toMFIs to

support theirtransition tomicrofinance deposit-

takinginstitutions.ProgrammeAdministrati

on andMonitoring:· EstablishPAU and

MIS· Contract

implementing agencies· Carry outmid-term

evaluation.

Foood andAgriculturalOrganisation ofthe United

Dissemination of NERICAand ImprovedRice

Completed 2006-2008

Areas--Extension& Training-Production

MinistryofAgriculture, Animal

TechnicalCoop./AssistanceFAO and

USD 1239 983

• Lowimplementationcapacities







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

Nations(FAO) ProductionSystems toReducePoverty andFood Deficitin Uganda

-Post-harvest-Seed,

Direct targetwere :-

Small-scalefood

insecurefarmers

(both menand women)-Extension

workersActivities Organize

aparticipat

oryworkshop to raiseawarenes

s andparticipation of allstakeholders, toselectfirst

projectsite, and

IndustryandFisheries(MAAIF)

of thefarmers/farmergroups –this wasbuiltthroughtraining.• Lowtechnicalcapacityof localgovernmentextentionstaff - thiswas builtthroughtraining.• Poverty– amongthebeneficiaries.•Inadequatemarketinformation•







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

toidentify

participating

farmers.

Purchaseand

distributeNERICA

seeds,inputs

andappropriate small

farmtools andequipme

nt forrice

production,

harvesting andpost-

harvestoperation

.

Inadequatestoragefacilities• Generallack ofagricultural inputs,includinginadequatecreditfacilities.







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

Purchaseand

introduceimproved millingequipment and

trainingof

millingoperators

.

Conductbaselinesurveys

andparticipat

oryconstraint analysisof rice

production

systems. Organize

fielddays.

Identify







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

andintroduc

eappropr

iatetechnol

ogypackage

s.

Conduct

trainingof

trainers.

Organize

FarmerField

Schoolsand

carryout

training.

Prepare,publish

anddistribut







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

eguidelines and

manual.

Organize

regionaland

nationallevel

workshops.

Organize

regionaland

nationalfielddays.

Carryout

inventories of

suitableinlandvalley

swamps







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

forimprove

ment.

Organize

participatory

meetings to

sensitize

farmersto

participate

in developmentwork.

Organize

trainingsessionson land

andwater

develop







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

ment ininlandvalleyswamp(IVS).

Reactivate/consolidate FA.

Strengthen FA.

Organize

management

trainingfor FApersonsconcern

ed.

Purchase and

distribute

foundation or

registered seeds







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

ofNERIC

A,inputs,farmtoolsand

equipment forseed

production.

Organize

trainingfor

contractseed

growersand

selectedfarmerson seedproducti

on,purification andconservation.







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

Arrangement of

goodbut low-

costseed

storagefacilitie

s.

Develop

capacityof the

agricultural

extension unit.

Monitorand

technically

guidefarmers.

Organize seedcampai

gns.







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

Prepare,publish

anddistribut

eguidelines and

manual.Clarify

thefuture

ownership of

theequipm

ent

Definemanagement of

eachtype ofequipm

ent. Carry

outtrainingin the

operatio







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

n ofeach

type ofequipm

ent.

Carryout

trainingin the

maintenance of

eachtype ofequipm

ent.

3 Organiz

e short-term/intensive

trainings for

extension

staff/national

officers.







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

Provision of

supportto the

participationthe

projectcoordinator in

meetings.

Provisio

n ofsupportto the

evaluation ofnew

NERICA lines.

FAO Agricultureand RuralDevelopmentthroughInnovativeRice-basedFarming

Ongoing 2008-2010 Central –

North part ofUganda

involving 9districtsnamely

MinistryofAgriculture, AnimalIndustryandFisheries

TechnicalCoop./Assistance

US$ 1 499400







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

Systems forFood Securityand PovertyReduction

Amolotar,Amoro,Apac,

Dokolo,Gulu,

Kitgum,Lira, Oyamand Pader

Areas :-- Extension& Training

- Production-Seed- Post-harvestDirecttarget-

-Small-scalefood

insecurefarmers

(both menand women)-Extension

workersActivities : Esta

blishnati

(MAAIF







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

onalProject

SteeringCommittee

(PSC)

EstablishProjectTechnic

alWorkingGroup

(PTWG

)

Conductbase







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

linesurvey

andfinalizeselection oftheproject

sites.

Organiz

eprojectworkshops

(Inception,Mid

-termand







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

Final).

Conductmonitoringandevaluationoftheproject

activities.

Formulate

medium-term(fou

ryear

s)







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

programmeforthe

adoptionof

improvedrice/NERICA-

based

farmingsystemsin

NorthernUganda.

Purchaseanddistribut







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

eseed

sNERICA 1,

4and10;

fertilizers

,herbicide

s,othe

ragroche

micals;

equipmentsandsmal

lfarmtools

.







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

Introducepromising

appropriate

croppingsystemsto

facilitatesuccessful

adoption.

Organiz

etworegionalfield







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

days, andoneat

eachFFSforstakeholdersandbeneficiaries.

Identify

locationsandestablish70

FFSin

ninedistricts.







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

Identifyandtrain35

Facilitators

fromninedistrictsin

establishingandoperatin

gFFS.

Train

2,100

farm







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

ersthroughFFSonNERICA

cropproduction,

croppingsystemsanduseof

farmequipments.

Train 30farmersand







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

technicians inutilizatio

nandmaintenance

offarmequipments.

Update,

translateandpublish

manuals,brochure

sandguid







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

elines oncultivationof

NERICA.

Organiz

eFar

mers'

Field

Days.

Establishfarmers

fieldschools.







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

Build

capacityof

FFSgroups tosustainably

operateproject

activities.

Enlist

therice-base

dcroppingsyst







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

emsfor

eachdistrict.

Establish70

study

plotsby

farmersinthe

districtstesting

variouscroppingsystems.







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

Procure20

unitsof

small

tractors,and270units

ofplantingequipment,i.e.,JabPlanters(135units

)andLineMarkers(135







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

units)

Organize theuseofthe

equipmentson

farm.

Identify30

farmersfor

eachFFSfor

training2.6.

2







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

Train

farmersin

growin

gNERICA.

ContractNaCRRIto

develop2 haof

areafor

producin

gBasi

cSeed







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

s ofNERICA

varieties

.

Procureonesetof

SeedGraderandinstall atNaCRRINamulonge.

Procure aset







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

ofseeddrying

equipment

andinstall atNaCRRINamulonge.

Procure1

tonof

Basic

Seedof

NERICA

vari







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

etiesanddistribute toseedgro

wers.

Procureagroche

micals

anddistribute toseedgro

wers.

Trainingof







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

about 30seedgro

wersin

seedproductionof

NERICA

varieties

.

Organiz

eseedproductionandcontractvisit







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

s ofSeedCertificationInspectors toNSCS ofMAAIF.

Procure

about

100tonsof

seeds

fromseedgro

wersandarrange







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

storage.

Linkseedgro

wersto

riceseedtraders.

Identify

needof

enhancin

gcapacityof

NSCS ofMAAIF







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

Provide

needed

supportto

NSCS ofMAAIFto

enable

them totravel

andinspect

seedproduction

fields.







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

Identifythe

traineesamong

project

beneficiaries.

Developcourse

curriculum

anddecide

location.







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

Organize thetrainingof

about 18trainees.

4.1.1

Identifythecritical

problems

inricepostharvest.

Iden







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

tifythe

equipmentsforricethreshingand

storage,andmilling.

Procure18

unitsof

ricethresher,72

unitsof

storage







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

bins,and9

unitsof

ricemills,

distribut

eandinsta

ll.

Assessthepresent

status

andactivities.







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

Rehabilitatethecentre

andmake it

operational.

Identifythe

training

needon

post-

harvestandprepare

training







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

materialfor

formal

andinformaltrainings.

Identifythe

traineesand

locationsofthe

training.

Train thetrainees







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

atever

ydistrict

levels

Productionof

leaflets,brochure

s,signpost

sandothe

rinformationandpubl







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

icitymaterialsonNERICA

Project

activities.

Participate inand

displayNERICA

Project

informationandpublishe







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

dmaterials

atnationalanddistrict

agriculturalshows,World

Food

DayandUNday.

Organiz

emed

iaand







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

jointFAO,

Embassyof

Japan

andMAAIFfieldprojectsitevisit

s.

Prepareandplac

earticlesin

localprintmed







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

iaandorganizeradi

oandTVtalkshows.

AfricanDevelopmentBank (AfDB)NordicDevelopmentFund (NDF)

Farm IncomeEnhancementand ForestConservationProject(FIEFOC

Ongoing 2008-todate

Support tothe Forestry

Sector1)

CommunityWatershed

Management2) TreePlanting

AgriculturalEnterprise

Development

1) SoilFertility

Management2) Small

Scale

MinistryofAgriculture, AnimalIndustriesandFisheries(MAAIF)Ministryof WaterLands andEnvironment(MWLE)

loan Total cost:US$ 76.72million(EUR 61.4million)AfDB:EUR 37.3million,NDF:EUR 5.0million







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

Irrigationand Crop

Development

3)ApiculturePromotion

4)AgriculturalMarketing.Support to

ProjectCoordinatio

n andManagement

US Agency forInternationalDevelopment(USAID)

Investment inDevelopingExportAgriculture(IDEA)

Completed 1995-2004 Areas-

Extension &Training, 4.Production,5. Marketing

6. Post-harvest,

Target-Producers,traders, andexporters

Activities-

USAIDIDEA

US$30,058,284







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

Generationof

EfficientProductionTechnologie

s Pro

motionof

EfficientProduction&

PostHarvestTechnologie

s.







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

FunctioningInpu

tSupplySystem

SeedMultiplied &Distributed.

MarketInformationSystemin

Operatio

n







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

Rural

AgriculturalMarketing

Systems(RAMS)

OutgrowerInitiativeIncrease

dExports

AgriculturalProcessing







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

Promoted

EfficientProductionTechnologie

sPromoted

Increasein

Market

Opportunitie

s

Improved







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

QualityandPost

-harvest

Handlin

g

Increase

dVolumes ofProduction

AgriculturalProcessingPro







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

moted.

ImprovedAirport

Handlin

gSystem

Consolidation ofFreight

Institutional

Systemsin

Place

WFP Agriculture Ongoing 2002-2010

Areas- MAAIF Grant 4.77M







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

marketingand supportproject

Food

for

Assets

usesfoodincentives tofacilitatethe

creationandrehabilit







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

ation ofcommunity

sustainablesocial,

economic orhuman

assets soas topromot

efoodsecurityandself







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

relianceamongthe

poorandfoodinsecure.Food isexchanged forwork onidentifie

dcommunity

agricultural







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

orothe

rprojectsor

training.Food forasset

swilltakeplace inBundibugyo,Kitgum,Pade

rArua,

Gul







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

uMoy

oYumbeAndAdjumani

MarketSupport

.provisionof

marketinformation,promotion







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

andfor

mationoffarmer

sgroups,upgrading

marketinginfrastructure,training

inpostharvest

managemen

t







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

andaboveall

local

procurement offarmer

sproduce byWFP.

Themarketsupportcomponentof

thisproject







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

willbe

implemente

dcountrywide.

Activities-Activitiesfocus on

increasingagriculturalproductivityfor increasedincomes and

foodsecurity andshift to moresustainablelivelihoods

throughcommunitysupport toidentified







activities)

Countrycoverage

Type (loanor grant)



Remarks

agriculturalactivitiessuch as

small scaleirrigation,

waterreservoirand dam

construction,construction

of farmroads,

establishment of

agriculturaldemonstratio

n plots etc

Documents

The Republic of Uganda Alliance for a Green Revolution in ... DOCS/IFAD... · Commissioner Agri-Business MAAIF. Social Economic Uganda lies along the Equator and covers an area of