The Respiratory The Respiratory SystemSystem

Functions & AnatomyFunctions & AnatomyAdvanced Animal ScienceAdvanced Animal Science

Ms. WellerMs. Weller

What is the Respiratory What is the Respiratory System?System?

Organs that deliver oxygen to the Organs that deliver oxygen to the circulatory system for transport to the circulatory system for transport to the cells in the animal’s bodycells in the animal’s body

FunctionsFunctions

Provides oxygen to tissues and cellsProvides oxygen to tissues and cells Removes carbon dioxide from the bodyRemoves carbon dioxide from the body Controls body temperatureControls body temperature Eliminates water (as vapor)Eliminates water (as vapor) Aids in voice productionAids in voice production

AnatomyAnatomy

NostrilsNostrils Nasal CavityNasal Cavity PharynxPharynx LarynxLarynx TracheaTrachea

Bronchi Bronchi (Bronchial (Bronchial Tubes)Tubes)

LungsLungs BronchiolesBronchioles AlveoliAlveoli

NostrilsNostrils

External openings of the respiratory tractExternal openings of the respiratory tract Lead into nasal cavityLead into nasal cavity Shape and size varies amongst speciesShape and size varies amongst species

Nasal CavityNasal Cavity Air is warmed and moistenedAir is warmed and moistened Dust particles filtered outDust particles filtered out Site of smelling (olfactory receptors located Site of smelling (olfactory receptors located

in turbinate bones)in turbinate bones) Separated from the mouth by a hard and Separated from the mouth by a hard and

soft palatesoft palate

PharynxPharynx Passages of nostrils and mouth join here (air Passages of nostrils and mouth join here (air

and food cross paths)and food cross paths) EpiglottisEpiglottis: keeps food from going to the lungs : keeps food from going to the lungs

(valve-like)(valve-like)

Short, funnel-shaped tubeShort, funnel-shaped tube Filled with mucus membrane and ciliatedFilled with mucus membrane and ciliated

cells to remove more cells to remove more

impuritiesimpurities

LarynxLarynx Vocal chordsVocal chords

Vibrate when air passes overVibrate when air passes over

Composed of cartilage structuresComposed of cartilage structures Located in the middle of the neckLocated in the middle of the neck Controls breathingControls breathing Prevents inhalation Prevents inhalation

of foreign objects into of foreign objects into

the lungsthe lungs

TracheaTrachea Windpipe (single tube)Windpipe (single tube) Wall lined with series of c-shaped rings of Wall lined with series of c-shaped rings of

cartilage (rigid)cartilage (rigid) Help to maintain the shape of the passage during Help to maintain the shape of the passage during

breathingbreathing Enters chest cavityEnters chest cavity Contributes to the Contributes to the cleansing function cleansing function of the respiratory of the respiratory systemsystem

BronchiBronchi The two branches the trachea divides intoThe two branches the trachea divides into Lead to the lungsLead to the lungs Contribute to the cleansing function of the Contribute to the cleansing function of the

respiratory systemrespiratory system Branch into Branch into

bronchioles bronchioles

inside the lungsinside the lungs

LungsLungs Elastic, spongy materialElastic, spongy material Cone shapedCone shaped May be incompletely divided into several May be incompletely divided into several

lobeslobes Located in thoracic cavityLocated in thoracic cavity Greatly expand Greatly expand

when filled with airwhen filled with air

BronchiolesBronchioles Smaller branches of the bronchiSmaller branches of the bronchi The first few contribute to the cleansing The first few contribute to the cleansing

function of the respiratory systemfunction of the respiratory system Terminate in the alveoliTerminate in the alveoli

AlveoliAlveoli Tiny air sacs that are the end of bronchiolesTiny air sacs that are the end of bronchioles Have very thin wallsHave very thin walls Surrounded by tiny blood capillariesSurrounded by tiny blood capillaries

Exchange of gases occurs here through Exchange of gases occurs here through diffusiondiffusion