THE RISE OF FASCISM PAGES 113-114

ITALY

DONEC QUIS NUNC

THE RISE OF FASCISM

• (Where do fascists movements develop their tentacles? The logic of fascist movements - useful factors for their development).

• 5 steps - taking advantage of the unpreparedness of the political institutions.

• (First, economics ) Financial crisis.

• Unpopularity of democratic governments (not able to solve the people’s problems).

• (Scapegoat) Some to blame (migrants more likely).

• High unemployment rate.

• Social unrest.

ITALY & GERMANY LOOK ALIKE

REASONS FOR THE RISE OF FASCISM

WEAKNESS OF

DEMOCRATIC GOVERNMENTS

EXALTATION OF

NATIONALISM

ECONOMIC CRISIS

COMMUNISM

THREE RELEVANT ASPECTS

“FASCES”, “FASCIO”

• [1] Between 1919 and 1922 Italy had four different governments.

• Frustration after WW1 - winner’s side - no recognition.

• Strikes / demonstrations.

• No reaction by the different governments.

• [2] Benito Mussolini - 1921 - parliamentarian - “Fasci di Combattimento”.

• Authoritarian ideas took control over the government.

• [3] 1925 - Mussolini’s Italy = a dictatorship (no parties; no unions).

GERMANY

THE ORIGIN OF THE THIRD REICH

SITUATION IN GERMANY

EX-SOLDIERS FELT BETRAYED

UNEMPLOYMENT

ECONOMIC CRISIS MADE WORSE BY THE

POST-WAR REPARATIONS

THREAT OF A COMMUNIST REVOLUTION

INTERNATIONAL HUMILIATION

TOWARDS THE DISASTER

THE SEEDS OF DISCONTENT

• WW1 left Germany critically injured in their political, economic, social institutions.

• The Republic of Weimar could not solve any of the problems.

• Hitler took advantage of the discontent and won the elections in 1932 for the National Socialist Germany Workers party (Nazi party).

• 1933: Hitler was named Chancellor.

• Under his government, first measures, illegality of the political parties & creation of concentration camps to imprison his opponents.

THE NUREMBERG LAWS

SEPTEMBER 15, 1935

THE NUREMBERG LAWS ON CITIZENSHIP AND RACE