I.The Colonies w/in the Empire

• A. Mercantilism-Closed Economic System? Why did the powers of Europe seek Empire?– Based on two

assumptions.– Bullionisml

I.Colonies w/in Empire

• B. Navigation Laws: For the good of the Empire?– Board of Trade by

1696.– Privy Council– First Acts 1650: Hat

Act, Iron Act, Woolen Cloth, Currency, Gin, Molasses Act 1733

I. The Colonies w/in Empire

• C. Colonies Thrived w/in system?– Agricultural

Commodities– Shipbuilding: Critical to

British Power– Trade-Triangular and

otherwise– Colonial Cities– Ben Franklin: Paid

Lobbyist

II. The Great War for Empire(AKAThe French & Indian War)

A. 1754-1763: Why did it start?-Early: Braddock-William Pitt-Treat of Paris 1763

B. British Victory changes everything-Doubled the size of the British Debt!-Doubled British Territory

French and Indian War Images

• Albany Plan of Union

• Plains of Abraham

III. Changes in the Empire

• A. British change view on how to run Colonial America to a more Rational Approach to Empire.-Early Br.-Col. Conflicts1.Experience during war

causes enmity2.Writs of Assistance3.Proclamation of 1763

IV. New Imperial Policy

• British believed that colonies should help to pay off the debt from the war that mostly benefitted the American Colonies. Colonists should also pay for their own defense.

• Lord Grenville’s Dilemma?

IV. New Imperial Policy

• Problem?

• Sugar Act 1764Reaction?

• Stamp Act 1765Reaction?

Reaction to Stamp Act

• Constitutionally“No Taxation without Representation”Did the Colonists want representation in Parliament??

• Forceful ResistanceSam AdamsSons of LibertyStamp Act CongressBoycott

Reaction to the Stamp Act

Stamp Act RepealedBritish still need revenue

• Declaratory Act• Why?• Lesson for the Colonists?• Townshend Duties-Why did the British

government think the colonists would react differently?

• Colonial Reaction– Letters From A Farmer In Pennsylvania– John Dickinson

Townshend Duties FailureDifference in concept of

Representstion

Virtual Representation vs.

Small Duty/Tax on Tea Remains

Deputy Representation

Colonial Resistance Contiues

Tar and Feathering

Differring Points of View

American Colonists• Admiralty Courts• Troops quartered in NY• Suspension of NY

Assembly• Taxation• John Wilkes• Troops moved to Boston

in 1768• Lessons learned

British Government

Boston 1770

Situation in BostonImpact of Troops

Impact of UnemploymentHMS Romney seizes LibertyChristopher Seider’s Murder

The Boston Massacre The Boston Massacre ((March 5,1770March 5,1770))

Boston Massacre Reality??

The Gaspee The Gaspee IncidentIncident (1772)(1772)

Providence, RI coastProvidence, RI coast

Committees Committees of Correspondenceof Correspondence

PurposePurpose warn neighboring warn neighboring coloniescolonies about incidents with Br. about incidents with Br.

broaden the resistance broaden the resistance movement. movement.

Tea Act Tea Act (1773)(1773)8 British East India Co.:British East India Co.:

Monopoly on Br. tea Monopoly on Br. tea imports.imports.

Many members of Many members of Parl. held shares.Parl. held shares.

Permitted the Co. to Permitted the Co. to sell tea directly to sell tea directly to cols. without col. cols. without col. middlemen middlemen (cheaper tea!)(cheaper tea!)

8 North expected the North expected the cols. to eagerly choose cols. to eagerly choose the cheaper tea.the cheaper tea.

Boston Tea Party Boston Tea Party (1773)(1773)

The Coercive or The Coercive or IntolerableIntolerableActs Acts (1774)(1774)

Lord NorthLord North

1.1. Port Bill Port Bill

2.2. Government Government ActAct

4.4. Administration Administration ofof Justice Act Justice Act

3.3. New Quartering New Quartering Act Act

The Quebec Act The Quebec Act (1774)(1774)

Boston Canonaded

What is happening in this Cartoon? Quarter it.

First Continental First Continental Congress Congress (1774)(1774)55 delegates from 12 55 delegates from 12

coloniescoloniesAgendaAgenda How How

to respond to to respond to the Coercive the Coercive Acts & the Acts & the Quebec Act?Quebec Act?

1 vote per colony 1 vote per colony represented.represented.

The British Are The British Are Coming Coming . . .. . .

Paul ReverePaul Revere & & William DawesWilliam Dawes make make their midnight ride to warn the their midnight ride to warn the

MinutemenMinutemen of approaching British of approaching British soldiers.soldiers.

The Shot Heard The Shot Heard ’’Round the WorldRound the World!!

LexingtonLexington & & ConcordConcord – April – April 18,177518,1775

The Second The Second Continental Continental

CongressCongress(1775)(1775)

Olive Branch Olive Branch PetitionPetition

Thomas PaineThomas Paine: : Common SenseCommon Sense

Declaration of Declaration of Independence Independence

(1776)(1776)

Declaration of Declaration of IndependenceIndependence

Independence HallIndependence Hall

New New National National SymbolsSymbols