THE ROARING 20’S

The End of World War IThe end of Progressive MovementThe end of Woodrow WilsonThe Growth of FEAR…

The Beginning of PROHIBITION January 1920

Prohibition brought on: CorruptionBootlegging and Speakeasies

The Red Scare

Anti-Communism Movement

Palmer Raids:

Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer

Palmer order mass arrests of: Anarchist, socialist, labor agitators In 3 months: 6,000 people arrested Emma Goldman

was DEPORTED!!

Ku Klux KlanThe new Klan: against Blacks, Catholics, Jews, foreigners and communists…

Klan Tactics

The Republican Era…The Election of 1920:

F. D. Roosevelt Calvin Coolidge

A referendum on the Wilson administration and the League of Nations

Front Porch Campaign

James Cox travelled 22,000 miles and gave over 400 speeches…

“ We need another Lincoln to do the countries thinking… Mr. Harding you’re the man for us” Song by Al Jolson

Results of the Election of 1920…

Warren G. Harding 6’ good looking… great dresserPoor health (spent time in sanitarium in Battle Creek)Personality: He liked people, Humble, Liked by both political parties, hard time saying noBirth: November 2, 1865 in OhioChildhood: Loved his childhood, Farm lifeRecreation: Golf and POKER (loved to drink)Religion: Baptist (mother) Did not believe (atheist)

Marriage: July 8, 1891 to Florence Kling De Wolfe (she was 30, He was 25)

Florence was very strong willed She made Warren a success

AffairsCarrie Phillips: 15 year affair

Wife of his best friend, leaves husband moves to Germany. Comes back when World War I breaks out and wants Senator Harding

to vote against war, threatens to expose affair,

He calls her bluff & she backs down. During the Election of 1920 republican party send her

& husband to Japan

Nan Britton: 30 years youngerAfter Harding helps her get a job she finds

a way to repay him. January 1919 on a

couch in his Senate office she becomes pregnant.

He will never see his daughter but will pay generous child support and will continue

to have an affair with her as President. When Harding dies she asks Mrs. Harding

to continue child support!!! Writes book to

raise money.

Harding as President:

Domestic Policy:1. Reduction of income tax2. Increase in the tariff3. Establishment of a Bureau of the budget

Foreign Policy:Arms Limitations:

Washington Conference: Limitation on ship building

4 Power Pact: Respect holding in the Pacific9 Power Pact: Preserved Open Door policy in

China

Scandals: Teapot Dome

In 1921, President Harding issued an executive order which transferred control of Teapot Dome, Elk Hills, and Buena Vista oil fields from the Navy Department to the Department of the Interior.

Secretary of the Interior Albert B. Fall leased Navy petroleum reserves at Teapot Dome and other locations to private oil companies, without competitive bidding, at low rates.

In 1922, Fall leased the oil production rights at Teapot Dome to Harry F. Sinclair of Mammoth Oil, a subsidiary of Sinclair Oil. He also leased the Elk Hills reserve to Edward L. Doheny of Pan American Petroleum. Both leases were issued without competitive bidding. This manner of leasing was legal under the Mineral Leasing Act of 1920.

The lease terms were very favorable to the oil companies, which secretly made Fall a rich man. Fall had received a no-interest loan from Doheny of $100,000 (about $1.23 million today ) in November 1921. He received other gifts from Doheny and Sinclair totaling about $404,000 (about $4.96 million today ). It was this money changing hands that was illegal - not the leases. Fall attempted to keep his actions secret, but the sudden improvement in his standard of living prompted speculation.

Albert Fall = 1 year in Jail

President Harding is saved because he dies in office on August 2, 1923

President Harding

Harding’s Tomb: Marion Ohio

Harding is ranked: 43

John Calvin Coolidge

5’9” slightly built, sickly, asthma, bronchitis, tired easily, stomach problems, slept 9 hours a night & 2 hour naps.Personality: very shy, cautious, restrained, frugalBirth: July 4, 1872 VermontChildhood: worked hard, hated sports

Religion: CongregationalistEducation: Amherst admitted to the Bar in 1897Recreation: Walking & Horseback riding. Loved the circusCareer Before President: Lawyer, Mayor, Governor of Mass., V.P

Marriage: Grace Goodhue (she was 26, he was 33) Oct. 4 1905

Coolidge Family: 2 Sons

Election of 1924

Calvin Coolidge John W. Davis Robert Lafollette Republican Democrat Progressive

The United States was prosperous, we were at peace and integrity was restored

Results of the Election of 1924

Coolidge Administration:

Coolidge believed in limited governmentLet business conduct its own affairsVery little was accomplished except close watch on budgetHe cut spending to the boneHe vetoed Bonus Bill that would help WW I veteransHe vetoed a Farm Bill that would help farmers

Passed: Immigration Act of 1924: reduced immigration

Placed a limit on 150,000 immigrant a year

Kellogg-Briand Pact 1928: outlawed war 47 countries will eventually sign it

Refuses to run for President in 1928…

President Coolidge Quotes: “Silent Cal”

If you don't say anything, you won't be called on to repeat it.

When more and more people are thrown out of work, unemployment results.

The business of America is business.

We cannot do everything at once, but we can do something at once.

Don't expect to build up the weak by pulling down the strong

No person was ever honored for what he received. Honor has been the reward for what he gave.

No man ever listened himself out of a job

If you see ten troubles coming down the road, you can be sure that nine will run into the ditch before they reach you.

Calvin Coolidge dies on January 5, 1933

Buried: Plymouth Natch, Vermont

Coolidge is ranked: 31

THE 1920’s

BOOM TIME

REASONS:Business’s doing greatUnemployment LowStandard of Living better then ever

2/3 of all homes had electricity & indoor plumbing

People making more money then ever

PROBLEMS:Family traditions fadingCrime upPeople spending money they don’t have (credit)Stocks risingFarmers struggling

IMPORTANT PEOPLE AND EVENTS OF THE 1920’s

Sacco & Vanzetti

Ferdinando Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzett were anarchists who were convicted of murdering two men during a 1920 armed robbery in South Braintree, Massachusetts. After a controversial trial and a series of appeals, the two Italian immigrants were executed on August 23, 1927. There is a highly politicized dispute over their guilt or innocence, as well as whether or not the trials were fair. The dispute focuses on small details and contradictory evidence.

Charles Lindberg

New York to Paris: 33 ½ Hours 1927

JAZZ

Louis Armstrong

New Orleans, Harlem, New York, Chicago

MOVIES: “TALKIES” 1ST Movie with Sound

MOVIES: The Big Stars

Rudolph Valentino

Dies August 23, 1926

Douglas Fairbanks Laurel and Hardy

Lon Chaney: Man of a thousand faces…

RADIO

RADIO SHOWS:

1ST COMEDY SHOW EVEREADY HOUR1st commercially sponsored show

A fool and his money are soon elected

Advertising is the art of convincing people to spend money they don't have for something they don't need.

Diplomacy is the art of saying "Nice doggie" until you can find a rock.

Do the best you can, and don't take life too serious. Even if you're on the right track, you'll get run over if you just sit there.

Everything is funny, as long as it's happening to somebody else.

I don't make jokes. I just watch the government and report the facts.

I have a scheme for stopping war. It's this - no nation is allowed to enter a war till they have paid for the last one.

Lettin' the cat outta the bag is a whole lot easier 'n puttin' it back in.

Live in such a way that you would not be ashamed to sell your parrot to the town gossip.

Make crime pay. Become a lawyer.

Never let yesterday use up too much of today.

The man with the best job in the country is the vice-president. All he has to do is get up every morning and say, "How is the president?"

The only difference between death and taxes is that death doesn't get worse every time Congress meets.

There are three kinds of men. The one that learns by reading. The few who learn by observation. The rest of them have to pee on the electric fence for themselves.

There ought to be one day - just one - when there is open season on senators.

We can't all be heroes, because somebody has to sit on the curb and applaud when they go by.

You've got to go out on a limb sometimes because that's where the fruit is.

I never expected to see the day when girls would get sunburned in the places they now do.

CHAIN STORES

BIG ADVERTISING

SCOPES MONKEY TRIAL

John T. Scopes Biology teacher who taught evolution in his class

The Scopes Trial—formally known as The State of Tennessee v. Scopes and informally known as the Scopes Monkey Trial—was an American legal case in 1925 in which a high school biology teacher John Scopes was accused of violating the state's Butler Act that made it unlawful to teach evolution.

Scopes was found guilty, but the verdict was overturned on a technicality and he was never brought back to trial.

The trial drew intense national publicity, as national reporters flocked to the small town of Dayton, Tennessee to cover the big-name lawyers representing each side. William Jennings Bryan, three time presidential candidate for the Democrats, argued for the prosecution, while Clarence Darrow, the famed defense attorney, spoke for Scopes.

SPORTSBaseball:

Babe Ruth brought baseball back… He hit 60 homeruns in 1927

Led the Yankees to 3 World Series Championships in the 1920’s.

Swimming

Johnny Weissmuller

Won 5 Gold Medals in the 1924 & 1928 Olympics

Football

NFLThe 1920 season consisted of: Akron Pros Buffalo All-American Decatur Staleys Rock Island Independents Dayton Triangles Chicago Cardinals Canton Bulldogs Cleveland Tigers Detroit Heralds Chicago Tigers Columbus Panhandles Muncie Flyers Rochester Jeffersons Hammond Pros

Boxing

Jack Dempsey Gene TunneyTunney defeats Dempsey September 23, 1926 to win the title

Battle of the Long Count

The re-match: September 22, 1927 1st million dollar gate: $2,658,660

Tennis

Bill Tilden

From 1912 to 1930Won 138 of 192 tournaments Match record: 907 – 62 93.6% winning percentage

Won US Open 1920 – 25 & 29Davis Cup: 1920 – 26Wimbledon: 20, 21, 30

Golf

Bobby Jones Amateur champion: 1924, 25, 27, 28, 30 US Open champion: 1923, 26, 29, 30 British Open champion 1926, 27, 30

Horse Racing

Tremont Stakes (1919)Grand Union Hotel Stakes (1919)United States Hotel Stakes (1919)Hopeful Stakes (1919)Futurity Stakes (1919)Youthful Stakes (1919)Preakness Stakes (1920)Belmont Stakes (1920)Travers Stakes (1920)Jockey Club Gold Cup (1920)Lawrence Realization Stakes (1920)Stuyvesant Handicap (1920)Miller Stakes (1920)Withers Stakes (1920)Potomac Handicap (1920)Dwyer Stakes (1920)

Man O’ War

The World of Crime George Remus: King of the Bootleggers

1923 made over $40,000,000

Will spend 2 years in Prison

Wife will divorce him & take moneyHe kills his wife & in acquitted on INSANITY

AL CAPONE

"I am just a businessman, giving the people what they want" and "All I do is satisfy a public demand."

Ruled Chicago during prohibition Made over $100 million a year!

Bugs Moran

Fought Capone for control of Chicago Head of the “North Side Gang” Created: Drive-by shootings

February 14, 1929… St. Valentines Day Massacre

Capone vs. Moran

The Untouchables: FBI

Eliot Ness:He is the man who will bring down Al Capone

Capone will be convict of tax evasion in 1931

1920’s TRIVIA…

Howard Carter finds King Tut’s Tomb

1925: The first TV…

The Greatest Invention of All Time:

The Peanut-Butter and Jelly Sandwich!!!!