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Introduction
Selection, Use, and handling of pesticides is a complex topic
Hundreds of chemicals are registered and many have several uses
Some Pesticides are more toxic than others
Introduction
Regulations establish the format for labels and what information they must contain. Labels are legal documents
Proper use will avoid harm to yourself and the environment
Safety is the Key!!
Safe and Effective Use
A pesticide is a substance or mixture intended for preventing, destroying, & repelling any form of life declared to be a pest
Toxicity is the capacity of a chemical to cause injuryPesticides must be toxic in order to kill pests
Safe and Effective Use
The way of determining the relative acute toxicity of a pesticide is by determining the amount (Lethal dose) that will kill 50% of a test population of animals
LD 50 is expressed as the milligrams (mg) of pesticide per (kg) of body weight of test animals (mg/kg)
Safe and Effective Use
Special care must be taken when handling all pesticides
Routes of entry into the body include the mouth, skin, eyes, and lungs
Pesticides are grouped into four categories by the EPA (Environment Protection Agency)
Categories of Pesticides
Category Signal Word
Amount to kill a Person
Toxicity
Danger-Poison 1 Drop to 1 Teaspoon
HIGHLY
Danger 1 Teaspoon to 1 Ounce
MEDIUM
Warning Over 1 Ounce SLIGHTLY
Caution LD 50 greater 5,000 mg/kg
SLIGHTLY
Every Pesticide must be registered with the EPA
Labels must contain Hazards, pest controlled, sites where it can be used, first aid information, rates to use, how to dilute specific application instructions protective clothing requirements, and days before harvest
Format For Label
Format For Label Continued
Label is a tool!!! Learn to use it properly
You must obtain, read, and understand all of the information on a label and referenced documents before making a pesticide application
Pesticide Side Effects
Beneficial Species may be reduced
Drift Concerns
Wildlife may be harmed accidentally
Environmental Pollution
Pesticide Selection: Things to do when choosing ONE!!
Identify the pest
Can the pesticide be legally applied to target crop or site
What are the other possible methods of control
Pest location
Toxicity of pesticide
Hazards to applicator, Drift
Pesticide Residue
Pesticide Application Requirements
The EPA requires that each state have a certification and licensing procedure and program for persons using restricted use pesticides
Applicators must be certified by the state Department of Agriculture
Must pass these tests to make recommendations to others
Pesticide Application Requirements
Many states require continual education
Department of Ag has information to study that can help with the exams and licenses