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The Scramble for Africa
What does the title mean?
European Imperialism: 3 Motives
•Religious
•Economic
•Political
How did Europe justify imperialism?
“…to civilize the
uncivilized”
Religious
Christianity Civilization
•Bring superior religious beliefs to Africa
•Example of Ethnocentrism
True reason for imperialism in
Africa?
Economic
The Industrial Revolution ended the slave trade.
Why?
•From farms to factories
•Slave labor became unprofitable
•Raw materials = Profits
Other Reasons for European Success
• New innovations of the Industrial Revolution
–Medical – treatment for malaria, yellow fever
–Military – Machine gun
The Industrial Revolution> the need for raw materials and
new markets> Imperialism
If Africans are left in Africa
they will:
•Provide the raw materials for Europe’s factories
•European’s used Africans as cheap labor in their own countries
And buy the products the
factories produce (Market)
Why would they want European products?
Westernization•If the Africans are westernized they will need the products of western factories.
•PoliticalEuropean nations began competing with each
other to claim and conquer territory.
The competition was leading to war in Europe.
1884 Berlin Conference 14 nations in Europe meet to divide Africa between them.
Africans were never seriously
consulted.
What did European competition mean for sub-Saharan
Africa?
Sub-Saharan African Culture became a mix of traditional African, Islamic, and Western
culture.