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The Second President
How did John Adam handle conflicts and how did it cost him the election of 1800?
What was the Alien & Sedition Acts and why was it unconstitutional?
What caused the Federalist to lose power (split)?
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George Washington
• George Washington leaves office in 1796
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BIG ELECTION OF 1796
• Dem-Republicans wanted Thomas Jefferson
• Federalist wanted John Adams– Former VP of George Washington
BIG ELECTION OF 1796
• Electoral College:– Person with
highest votes becomes president
– Next highest becomes vice-president
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BIG ELECTION OF 1796
• John Adams becomes president– As a Federalist
• Jefferson becomes vice president– As a Democratic Republican
– What problems might arise?
John Adams
• John Adams becomes the 2nd president– Faced with
conflict once he takes office
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Conflict with France
• French mad about Jay’s Treaty– What was Jay’s Treaty?
Conflict with France• France began to seize American ships
• Diplomats were sent to France to deal with problem
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France said what? ! ?
• France said no talking until given $250,000
• The also said wanted a $10 million loan
• WHAT? ! ?
X Y Z Affair
• The three diplomats names were not released to media– Referred to as X Y Z
– People are PO! They are willing to spend money on defense not bribes?
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XYZ Affair
• What would you of done if you were John Adams?– Bribe or War
– Do you think we currently bribe countries not to go to war?
XYZ Affair
• John Adams refused to ask Congress to declare war on France
• HOWEVER France is still attacking ships!– Worked on building a navy– Frigates: fast-sailing ships with many guns
Please don’t go to war
• Thomas Jefferson is urging Adams to go to war– Stronger nation because of military– Increase federal power
– A disagreement over war caused a split in the power
Please don’t go to war
• A young army officer was in charge– Napoleon Bonaparte
• He was busy warring with Europe so he negotiated peace
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Please don’t go to war
• John Adams kept the US out of war– However it would cost his party the election
of 1800
Alien & Sedition Acts
• Alien: President could expel any alien or foreigner he thought be dangerous to the country– Made it harder to become a citizen as well– White immigrants could become citizens in
5 years• Now you had to wait 14 years
Alien & Sedition Acts
• Sedition: stirring up rebellion against a government– Be fined or jailed if you criticized the
government– What amendment does this go against?
The Rights of States
• Jefferson opposed that law!– Wanted courts to overturn it-but courts
were all Federalist– Asked states to nullify it
• Nullify: cancel
The Rights of States
• Kentucky and Virginia resolutions: each state “Has an equal right to judge for itself”– Raised the issue of states’ rights– Which political party believed more in
states’ rights
The Rights of States
• States’ rights: states have all other powers not listed in the constitution– Can they declare Federal laws
unconstitutional?
– Alien & Sedition acts were changed or dropped in a few years
Split- Election of 1800
• Federalists weakness– Raising taxes in case of going to war– Alien and Sedition acts– Not declaring war on England– The aristocratic style and not relating to the
common person
Election of 1800
• Republicans backed – Thomas Jefferson for Prez– Aaron Burr for VP
John Adams ran for the Federalist
Election of 1800
• Republicans won popular vote
• In Electoral college– Jefferson & Burr each received 73 votes– No one had the major number of ????
Election 1800
• The House of Representatives got to decide the election
• Jefferson was chose as Prez
• Burr was chose as VP
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Election 1800
• 12 Amendment: required electoral college to vote separately for President and Vice President
Election of 1800
• Federalist power declined
• Remember Alexander Hamilton?– He was killed in duel with Arron Burr
Election of 1800
• Duel
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Work Cited
• http://www.visitingdc.com/president/george-washington-picture.htm
• http://www.irishmasonicjewels.ie/john-adams.jpg
• http://www.robinsonlibrary.com/america/unitedstates/1783/1789/1797/xyz.htm
• http://dienekes.blogspot.com/2010/11/mtdna-of-napoleon-bonaparte.html
