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THE SECOND VATICAN COUNCIL
2ND VATICAN COUNCIL
Vatican Council, Second, more commonly known as Vatican II. From 1962-
1965, the 21st ecumenical council of the Roman Catholic Church assembled
by Pope John XXIII and continued under Paul VI. A spiritual renewal for the
church and for Christians separated from Rome to join in search for
reunion. Preparatory Commissions appointed by the Pope created an
agenda and drafts of decrees on various topics. When the council opened
for the first time on October. 11th , 1962, the pope advised the council
fathers to try to meet the needs of the church. Those who were summoned
to the council included all Catholic Bishops and other church dignitaries.
INFORMATION
One of the big accomplishments of the council was the invitation
extended to Protestant and Orthodox Eastern churches to send
observers; meetings were attended by representatives from many of
those churches. Another evident feature was the diversity of cultural
origins shown among those who attended from all over the world. One
of the main goals of these conferences was to reform the liturgy, mostly
to bring the layman into greater participation in the church services,
which would ultimately encourage diversity in the language and
practice. Large emphasis was placed upon the pastoral duties of the
bishops.
POPE JOHN XXIII
Pope John XXIII, Born Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli. Born November 25th,1881 lived to
June 3rd, 1963. He was the head of the Catholic Church from October 28th, 1958 to his
death in 1963. He was the third of thirteen children, born to a family of sharecroppers.
He became a priest in 1904 and served many posts. Roncalli became a Cardinal on
January 12th, 1953 and also was named the Patriarch of Venice by Pope Pius XII. Roncalli
was elected pope on October 28th, 1958. He became a pope at the age of 77. He believed
in equality and he was very passionate about the topic. His famous statement is support
of his beliefs of equality, 'We were all made in God's image, and thus, we are all Godly
alike.' John XXIII made many passionate speeches during his pontificate, one of which
was on the day that he announced the Second Vatican Council in the middle of the night
to the crowd gathered in St. Peter's Square: "Dear children, returning home, you will
find children: give your children a caress and say: This is the caress of the Pope!"
POPE JOHN XXIII
FACTS
Predecessor: Pius XII
Successor: Paul VI
BIBLIOGRAPHY
• "Second Vatican Council (Roman Catholic History [1962-65])." Encyclopedia
Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica, 31 Oct. 2013. Web. 31 Oct. 2013.
• See H. Küng, The Council, Reform, and Reunion (tr. 1962); H. Daniel-Rops, The
Second Vatican Council (tr. 1962); D. C. Pawley, An Anglican View of the Vatican
Council (1962, repr. 1973); W. M. Abbot, ed., Documents of Vatican II (1966); A.
Gilbert, The Vatican Council and the Jews (1968); X. Rynne, Vatican Council II
(1968); A. Flannery, ed., Vatican Council II: Constitutions, Decrees, Declarations
(repr. 1996) and Vatican Council II: Conciliar and Post Conciliar Documents (2 vol.,
repr. 1996).
• "Vatican Council, Second." Infoplease. Infoplease, n.d. Web. 31 Oct. 2013.
• "Biography of Pope John XXIII." Biography of Pope John XXIII. N.p., n.d. Web. 04
Nov. 2013.