The Slave Trade

What was the impact of slavery on Africa and how did

the Africans resist?

Trading Ship

The Southwell Frigate Tradeing on ye Coast of Africa (c. 1760) by Nicholas Pocock.

Port Cities Bristol: Bristol’s Entry into the Slave Trade. 2003.

http://discoveringbristol.org.uk/slavery/routes/bristol-to-africa/bristol-trading- port/slave-trade-entry/ (Sept. 14, 2010).

Trade and Triangular

TradeSlavery within Africa Triangular Trade

Ibid,. http://discoveringbristol.org.uk/slavery/routes/places-involved/west-indies/

Wikipedia, last date modified June 12, 2012. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:African_slave_trade.png#filehistory

Slave Forts

Old Slave fort in Modern Day Ghana

Jerome S. Handler and Michael L. Tuite, Jr. - Virginia Foundation for the Humanities and the University of Virginia

Library. The Atlantic Slave Trade and Slave Life in the Americas: A Visual Record. European Forts and

Trading Posts in Africa. 2010. http://hitchcock.itc.virginia.edu/Slavery/return.php?categorynum=4&categoryName=European%20Forts%20and%20Trading%20Posts%20in%20Africa (Sept. 26, 2010).

Cape Coast Castle, Gold Coast

Log Book

Log book from the ship Black Prince showing slaves bought

Port Cities Bristol: Bristol and Transatlantic Slavery. 2003., http://discoveringbristol.org.uk/browse/slavery/page-

from-log-book-of-black-prince/ (Sept. 14, 2010).

Process

A View of ye Jason Privateer (c. 1760) by Nicholas Pocock.

Ibid., http://discoveringbristol.org.uk/browse/slavery/detail-from-a-view-of-ye-jason-privateer/

Slaves loaded onto a small boat and rowed out to the ship (note the African merchant)

Branding Irons

Found in the Wilberforce Museum in Hull, England

Handler and Tuite, http://hitchcock.itc.virginia.edu/Slavery/details.php?categorynum=6&categoryName=Slave%20Sales%20and%20Auctions:%20African%20Coast%20and%20the%20Americas&theRecord=30&recordCount=73

Shackles

Leg Irons, Shackles and Chains

Handcuffs and Leg Shackles

Port Cities Bristol, http://discoveringbristol.org.uk/slavery/routes/from-africa-to-america/atlantic-crossing/people-taken-from-africa/

The Ouidah Museum of History – Themes: The Slave Trade. N.d. http://www.museeouidah.org/Theme-SlaveTrade.htm (Sept. 15, 2010).

Conditions

Plan of the ship Brookes, from Thomas Clarkson, History of the Slave Trade

Port Cities Bristol, http://discoveringbristol.org.uk/browse/slavery/plan-of-slave-ship-brookes/

Conditions

Sugar Boiling House-Trinidad 1830’s

Handler and Tuite, http://hitchcock.itc.virginia.edu/Slavery/details.php?categorynum=7&categoryName=New%20World%20Agriculture%20and%20Plantation%20Labor&theRecord=10&recordCount=114

Europeans referred to African areas as Guinea:

Yoruba Edo Igbo Baule Mende Asante Dahomey Kongo

Diverse Peoples

West Africans from the Gold Coast, drawn in 1679

Ibid., http://hitchcock.itc.virginia.edu/Slavery/details.php?categorynum=18&categoryName=Portraits%20and%20Illustrations%20of%20Individuals&theRecord=2&recordCount=75; The Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade Database. 2008. http://www.slavevoyages.org/tast/index.faces (Sept. 29, 2010).

Amistad

Joseph Cinque, from the Amistad Revolt, from A History of the Amistad Captives, 1840

Ibid., http://hitchcock.itc.virginia.edu/Slavery/details.php?categorynum=18&categoryName=Portraits%20and%20Illustrations%20of%20Individuals&theRecord=8&recordCount=75

Co-operation of African governments with the

slave trade The great diversity of language of the African

peoples made “revolt” difficult Terrible conditions (especially in the

Caribbean) caused the need for more and more slaves

Once slaves started having families it made running away/ resisting more difficult (threat to family or separation)

Forces that Facilitated Change

To the slave trade:

Slave resistance (no matter the overall result- it still was a force to act against change)

To Africa: They lost 12 million people from their workforce

– effected their productivity

Forces that Impeded Change

Conquistadors killed all the Native Americans

they went to Africa for slaves African government officials made a lot of

money from the slave trade there was a support system in place in Africa that allowed it to continue

Rise and Fall of African Kingdoms (due to alliances because of slave trade)

Collapse of the northern Kingdoms and growth of the smaller ones

Cause and Consequence