““The Space Race Note Outline”The Space Race Note Outline”

I. What sparked United States interest in getting into space? I. What sparked United States interest in getting into space?

A. U.S.S.R launches Sputnik into space. (First Satellite to be launched into A. U.S.S.R launches Sputnik into space. (First Satellite to be launched into space Oct. 4space Oct. 4thth 1957) 1957)

B. U.S.S.R launches first man into space. (Yuri Gagarin first man in space April B. U.S.S.R launches first man into space. (Yuri Gagarin first man in space April 1212thth 1961) 1961)

* Orbit a man around Earth.* Orbit a man around Earth.

* Investigate man’s ability to work in space.* Investigate man’s ability to work in space.

II. United States Space ProgramsII. United States Space Programs::

A. Mercury Program Objectives:A. Mercury Program Objectives:

* Recover both man and space craft safely.* Recover both man and space craft safely.

B. Mercury Program Information:B. Mercury Program Information:

* Mercury Freedom 7: * Mercury Freedom 7: Alan ShepardAlan Shepard becomes first American man in becomes first American man in space May 5space May 5thth 1961. 1961.

* Mercury Freedom 6: * Mercury Freedom 6: John GlennJohn Glenn becomes first American man to becomes first American man to orbit Earth Feb. 20orbit Earth Feb. 20thth 1962 . 1962 .

* All Mercury missions were * All Mercury missions were one man missions.

C. Gemini Program Objectives:C. Gemini Program Objectives:

* Learn to maneuver a space craft in space.

* Dock a space craft with another space craft.

* Practice space walks.

D. Gemini Program Information:

* Gemini 3: Edward White becomes first American to complete a space walk.

* All Gemini missions were two man missions.

E. Apollo Program Objectives:* Land a space craft on the

moon.

* Have man walk on the moon.

* Return all crew to Earth Safely.

* Apollo 1: Virgil “Gus” Grissom, Edward White, and Roger Chaffee die in pre- flight test fire.

F. Apollo Program Information:

* Apollo 11: Neil Armstrong, Michael Collins, and Edwin “Buzz” Aldrin make historic moon landing.

* Neil & Buzz land on the moon, Michael stays behind in the command module.

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* Apollo 13: James Lovell, Fred Haise, and John Sweigert experience oxygen tank explosion, which cripples their space craft. L.E.M used as a life boat, which gets astronauts home safely.

* Apollo 17: Last mission to land on the moon.

1-Cernan, 2-Evans, 3-Schmidt

G. SPACE SHUTTLE INFO:G. SPACE SHUTTLE INFO: ENTERPRISE (first built, used for tests in Earth’s atmosphere

COLUMBIA (first one to enter space-1981, exploded during landing-2003)

DISCOVERY (carried the Hubble telescope into space-1990)

CHALLENGER (carried Sally Ride-1st U.S. woman in space, exploded

72 seconds after launch-1986)

ENDEAVOUR (built to replace the Challenger, first flight-1992

ATLANTIS (Responsible for launch of the Galileo Space Probe-1989)

H. Space Stations, & Probes:H. Space Stations, & Probes: 1. Space Station- is a large artificial satellite on which people can live and work for long periods of

time.

2. Examples: a. Sky Lab 1973-1979

b. International Space Station- 1998-present

3. Space Probes- a space craft that carries scientific instruments that can collect data on far away places which are to far for humans to travel.

4. Examples: a. Sputnik (1st USSR) c. Voyager (Outer Planets)

b. Explorer (1st USA 1/31/58) d. New Horizons (Pluto)