THE SPANISH LABOUR MARKET IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY, 2003 Teresa Guardia June 2004 [email protected]

THE SPANISH LABOUR MARKET IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY, 2003


Teresa GuardiaJune 2004

Teresa GuardiaJune [email protected]@iet.tourspain.es

THE SPANISH LABOUR MARKETIN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY

THE SPANISH LABOUR MARKETIN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY

Main goals of this approach Main methodological problems Sources used Wage earners and self-employed workers Unemployment rateTemporary employment rate Foreign populationJob creationThe seasonality of wage earner employment and tourist pressure

MAIN GOALS

o DRAWING UP THE CORRESPONDING TABLE OF THE TSA

o MONITORING THE LABOUR MARKET IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY

MAIN GOALS

o DRAWING UP THE CORRESPONDING TABLE OF THE TSA

o MONITORING THE LABOUR MARKET IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY

MAIN METHODOLOGICAL PROBLEMS

Tourism industry is not reflected as such in the NACE:


Tourism industry is not reflected as such in the NACE:

Set of activities considered to be tourist are carried out by companies whose main activity is not tourism


Underestimation of the number of workers:


Underestimation of the number of workers:

Raw materials for the productions of the final goods and services are not included


Overestimation of the number of workers:


Overestimation of the number of workers:

Production of goods and services includes work carried out for residents who are not tourists

Labour ForceSurvey

Characteristics

Of the labour market

AdministrativeRegister

FamiliturFronturCensus

SeasonalityTourism pressure

SOURCES USED

CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LABOUR MARKETIN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY


WAGE EARNERS

SELF-EMPLOYED

EMPLOYEDPOPULATION 73%

27%



Source: Labour Force Survey, INE 2003

WAGE AND SALARY WORKERS RATE BROKEN

DOWN BY ACTIVITY SECTOR. 2003

44,9%

88,6%

80,7% 82,8%

72,8%

0,0%

20,0%

40,0%

60,0%

80,0%

100,0%

Agriculture Industry Construction Services Tourism

WAGE EARNERS PERCENTAGE BROKEN DOWN BY ACTIVITY SECTOR. 2003

NATIONAL 81,5%



-Representing 11% of total wage earners, in the national level- Accounting 17% of total wage earners, in the service sector - Male workers outnumber females, Workers are fairly young (62% are under40 years old)-Half the total have secondary education

WAGEEARNERS



WAGE- EARNERS I N THE TOURI SM

I NDUSTRY, BROKEN DOWN BY SEX AND

TYPE OF CONTRACT. 2003

40%

74%

60%

26%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

Male Female

Open ended

Temporary


PERMANENT

TEMPORARY



EXPLANATION

< 15 Thousand

From 15 to 40

From 40 to 75

> 75 thousands

Male

Female


WAGE-EARNERS IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY, BROKEN DOWN BY AUTONOMOUS COMMUNITIES AND SEX. 2003



- Representing 18% of total self-employed at the national level- Accounting 18% of total self-employed atthe service sector- Representing 27% of those employed in tourism - Male workers heavily outnumber females- Less young than wage earners-Half the total have secondary education

SELF-EMPLOYED



SELF EMPLOYED

Menos del 3%Entre 3% y 6%Entre 6% y 9%Más del 9%

12,6

3,0

3,0

3,9

4,4

2,0

6,5

4,6

20,1

10,22,7

7,3

9,8

2,5

1,45,4

0,5

Less than 3%

From 3 to 6%

From 6 to 9%

Over 9%


DISTRIBUTION OF SELF-EMPLOYED WORKERS IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY AS A PERCENTAGE OF THE NATIONAL TOTAL, BROKEN DOWN BY AUTONOMOUS

COMMUNITIES. 2003



UNEMPLOYMENT RATE ANNUAL CHANGE

Grew in the femalepopulation (5%)

Affected women in the 35 to 39 years(18%)

Women withPostsecondarystudies(15%)



UNEMPLOYMENT RATE

UNEMPLOYMENT RATE BROKEN DOWN BY

ACTIVITY SECTOR. 2003

9,4%

7,8%8,9%

7,3%

15,5%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

Agriculture Industry Construction Services Tourism


NATIONAL 11,3%



Temporary employment rate in tourism industry

-Counted for 32% of the total of contracts at the national level

- By sex, although males count for 26%, is much lowerthan the women´s temporary employment rate (40%)

- The highest temporary employment rate is found in Galicia (42%)



Temporary work in tourism industry


TEMPORARY WORK BY ACTI VI TY SECTOR. 2003

59%

22%

27%

32%

56%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

AGRICULTURE INDUSTRY CONSTRUCTION SERVICES TOURISM

TEMPORARY EMPLOYMENT RATE BROKEN DOWN BY ACTIVITY SECTOR. 2003

National 31%



Foreign population in Tourism industry

-Only 5% of the total occupied population in Spain are foreigners

- 51% of foreign wage earners are women

- The foreign population is predominantly young 75% are less than 39 years

- Most of foreigners are found in Madrid (23%)

FOREIGN POPULATION

FOREIGN OCCUPIED POPULATION BROKEN

DOWN BY ECONOMIC SECTORS. 2003

5,3%

2,5%

5,8%

3,5%

5,3%

0,0

1,0

2,0

3,0

4,0

5,0

6,0

7,0

Tourism Services Construction Industry Agriculture


FOREIGN WORKING POPULATION BROKEN DOWN BY ECONOMIC

SECTORS. 2003

National 3,7%



FOREIGNERS WAGE-EARNERS IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY, BROKEN DOWN BY AUTONOMOUS COMMUNITIES. 2003

< 1 %

From 1 to 4 %

From 4 to 10%

> 10 %

< 3 %From 3 to 6 %From 6 to 10%

> 10 %

A

A




JOB CREATION IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY

ANNUAL CHANGE RATE OF THE EMPLOYED

POPULATI ON, BROKEN DOWN BY ECONOMI C

SECTORS. 2003

-2,0%

-1,0%

3,7%4,1%

3,4%

-3,0

-2,0

-1,0

0,0

1,0

2,0

3,0

4,0

5,0

Tourism Services Construction I ndustry Agriculture


NATIONAL 2,7%



JOB CREATION IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY

ANNUAL VARI ATI ON OF WAGE EARNERS

I N THE TOURI SM I NDUSTRY, BROKEN

DOWN BY LENGTH OF CONTRACT AND

SEX. 2003

6%

-1%

10%

3%

-5,0

-3,0

-1,0

1,0

3,0

5,0

7,0

9,0

11,0

13,0

MALE FEMALE

TEMPORARY

OPEN ENDED

TEMPORARY

PERMANENT


GREAT VARIATION FROM REGION TO REGIONGREAT VARIATION FROM REGION TO REGION

SEASONALITY COEFICIENTS

CANARIES & MADRID LOW

DEGREE OF SEASONALITY

BALEARICS HIGHEST DEGREE OF SEASONALITY

0,35

0,75

0,07

0,32

0,44

0,32

0,07

0,36

0,2

0

0,1

0,2

0,3

0,4

0,5

0,6

0,7

0,8

Nacional Baleares Canarias Andalucía Cataluña C.Valenciana Madrid Galicia C. Y León

SEASONALITY COEFFICIENT OF WAGE

EARNERS IN HOTELS. 2003

TOURISM PRESSURE ISLANDS TOURISM

TOURI SM PRESSURE (NUMBER OF

TOURI STS PER I NHABI TANT). 2003

0,00

0,20

0,40

0,60

0,80

1,00

1,20

1,40

1,60

1,80

J AN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC

Baleares Canarias

TOURISM PRESSUREMEDITERRANEAN TOURISM



0,00

0,02

0,04

0,06

0,08

0,10

0,12

0,14

0,16

J AN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC

Cataluña C.Valenciana

TOURISM PRESSURE INTERNAL TOURISM



0,00

0,01

0,02

0,03

0,04

0,05

0,06

0,07

0,08

0,09

0,10

ENERO FEBR MARZO ABRIL MAYO JUN JUL AGOS SEPT OCT NOV DIC

C. y León Andalucía Galicia



EMPLOYMENT IN THE FUTURE

UNEMPLOYEDPOPULATION

SOCIALSECURITY WORKERS

ADMINISTRATIVE REGISTER

SURVEY

SPANISH SHORT-TERMLABOURSURVEY

QUARTERLYLABOURCOSTSURVEY



Teresa GuardiaJune 2004

Teresa GuardiaJune [email protected]@iet.tourspain.es

Documents

THE SPANISH LABOUR MARKET IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY, 2003 Teresa Guardia June 2004 [email protected]