Linguistics 450/550: Introduction to Phonetics Slides by Richard Wright & Dan McCloy, University of Washington

The Speech Cycle

Signal is initiated in speaker’s brain

Signal articulated by the speech organs

Sound waves travel through the air

motor neurons

feedback loop

Listener detects the sound waves

Signal is interpreted by listener’s brain

ear

ear

sensory neurons

sensory neurons

Mental Level

Physiological Level

Acoustic Level

Physiological Level

Mental Level

Linguistics 450/550: Introduction to Phonetics Slides by Richard Wright & Dan McCloy, University of Washington

The Speech Cycle 1. Signal initiates in

speaker’s brain

2. Signal articulated by the speech organs

3. Sound waves travel through the air

motor neurons

sensory neurons feedback loop

4. Listener detects the sound waves

sensory neurons

5. Signal interpreted by listener’s brain

ear

ear

ALTERNATE VERSION

Vowel Articulations Overlay

i ɪ ɛ æ a ʊ u

STATIC VERSION

Vowel Articulations Overlay

i ɪ ɛ æ a ʊ u

This slide is animated

English Consonant Places of Articulation

palatal / j /

velar / k ɡ ŋ /

Postalveolar Region palatoalveolar / ʃ ʒ ʧ ʤ / retroflex / ɹ /

alveolar / t d n s z l ɾ /

bilabial / p b m w /

glottal / ʔ h /

labiodental / f v /

interdental / θ ð /

Graphics Repository States of the Glottis

modal

voiceless - narrow

breathy creaky

voiceless - wide

Graphics Repository Ear Diagram

Graphics Repository Medium Head

Graphics Repository Large Head

Graphics Repository Large Oral/Nasal Tract

Graphics Repository Anterior Oral Tract

Linguistics 450/550: Introduction to Phonetics Slides by Richard Wright & Dan McCloy, University of Washington

Graphics Repository Alveolar Click Sequence

Linguistics 450/550: Introduction to Phonetics Slides by Richard Wright & Dan McCloy, University of Washington

Graphics Repository Bilabial Stops

p m b

Voicing is indicated by “wavy” glottis edges

Linguistics 450/550: Introduction to Phonetics Slides by Richard Wright & Dan McCloy, University of Washington

Graphics Repository Alveolar Stops

t n d

Voicing is indicated by “wavy” glottis edges

Linguistics 450/550: Introduction to Phonetics Slides by Richard Wright & Dan McCloy, University of Washington

Graphics Repository Palatal Stops

c ɲ ɟ

Voicing is indicated by “wavy” glottis edges

Linguistics 450/550: Introduction to Phonetics Slides by Richard Wright & Dan McCloy, University of Washington

Graphics Repository Velar Stops

k ŋ ɡ

Voicing is indicated by “wavy” glottis edges

Linguistics 450/550: Introduction to Phonetics Slides by Richard Wright & Dan McCloy, University of Washington

Graphics Repository Uvular Stops

q ɴ ɢ

Voicing is indicated by “wavy” glottis edges

Linguistics 450/550: Introduction to Phonetics Slides by Richard Wright & Dan McCloy, University of Washington

Graphics Repository Labiodental and Interdental Fricatives

f ð v θ

Voicing is indicated by “wavy” glottis edges

Linguistics 450/550: Introduction to Phonetics Slides by Richard Wright & Dan McCloy, University of Washington

Graphics Repository Alveolar Fricatives

s z z s

Voicing is indicated by “wavy” glottis edges

Linguistics 450/550: Introduction to Phonetics Slides by Richard Wright & Dan McCloy, University of Washington

Graphics Repository Palatoalveolar Fricatives

s ʂ z ʃ

Voicing is indicated by “wavy” glottis edges

Linguistics 450/550: Introduction to Phonetics Slides by Richard Wright & Dan McCloy, University of Washington

x ɣ

Graphics Repository Palatal and Velar Fricatives

ʝ ç

Voicing is indicated by “wavy” glottis edges

Linguistics 450/550: Introduction to Phonetics Slides by Richard Wright & Dan McCloy, University of Washington

Graphics Repository Uvular and Pharyngeal Fricatives

χ ʕ ʁ ħ

Voicing is indicated by “wavy” glottis edges

Linguistics 450/550: Introduction to Phonetics Slides by Richard Wright & Dan McCloy, University of Washington

Graphics Repository Vowel Articulations 1

i ɛ ɪ æ

Linguistics 450/550: Introduction to Phonetics Slides by Richard Wright & Dan McCloy, University of Washington

Graphics Repository Vowel Articulations 2

ʊ u a