MINISTRY OF CULTURE, EDUCATION AND RELIGIOUS AFFAIRSGENERAL DIRECTORATE OF ANTIQUITIES AND CULTURAL HERITAGEDIRECTORATE OF MUSEUMSDEPARTMENT OF EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS AND COMMUNICATION

Answers to the activities

THE

COMPETITIONSPIRIT

OF

in Ancient Greece

2

The 12 Labours of Hercules!Picture 10

1st Labour The Nemean Lion

Picture 8 2nd Labour Lernean Hydra

Picture 4

3rd Labour The Kerynean hind

Picture 7

4th Labour The Erymanthian boar

Picture 6

5th Labour The Augean Stables

Picture 12

6th labour The Stymphalian birds

3

4

7

6

8

10

12

Picture 10. Hercules wrestling the Nemean lion (free rendering), red figure amphora, 520 BC, London, British Museum

Picture 7. Hercules carries the Erymanthian Boar to king Eurystheus (free rendering), first metope of the pronaos of the Temple of Zeus, Olympia, Archaeological Museum

Picture 8. Hercules preparing to slay the Lernean Hydra, (free rendering) second metope of the opisthodomus of the Temple of Zeus, Olympia, Archaeological Museum

Picture 6. Athena shows Hercules where to dig so that the courses of rivers Pineios and Alpheios can join and wash out the stables (free rendering), sixth metope of the pronaos of the Temple of Zeus, Olympia, Archaeological Museum

Picture 4. Hercules battling with the Kerynean Hind (free rendering), fifth metope of the opisthodomus of the Temple of Zeus, Olympia, Archaeological Museum

Picture 12. Hercules gives to Athena some of the dead Stymphalian Birds (free rendering), third metope of the opisthodomus of the Temple of Zeus, Olympia, Archaeological Museum

3

Picture 11

7th labour The Cretan bull

Picture 1 8th labour The horses of Diomedes

Picture 3

9th labour The belt of Hippolyte

Picture 9

10th Labour The cattle of Geryon

Picture 2

11th LabourThe Golden apples of the Hesperides

Picture 5

12th Labour Cerberus

Picture 11. Hercules preparing to fight the Cretan Bull (free rendering), fourth metope of the opisthodomus of the Temple of Zeus, Olympia, Archaeological Museum

Picture 9. Hercules preparing to strike the three-bodied Geryon (free rendering), third metope of the pronaos of the Temple of Zeus, Olympia, Archaeological Museum

Picture 1. Hercules having managed to catch one of Diomedes’ dangerous horses (free rendering), second metope of the pronaos of the Temple of Zeus, Olympia, Archaeological Museum

Picture 2. Atlas brings the apples of the Hesperides to Hercules, who waits for him holding the Sky on his shoulders. Athena helps him so that he can take the apples (free rendering), fourth metope of the pronaos of the Temple of Zeus, Olympia, Archaeological Museum

Picture 3. Hercules preparing to kill the Amazon Hippolyte (free rendering), sixth metope of the opisthodomus of the Temple of Zeus, Olympia, Archaeological Museum

Picture 5. Hercules pulls Cerberus with a rope showing the successful conclusion of his labour (free rendering), fifth metope of the pronaos of the Temple of Zeus, Archaeological Museum

2

Page 1: Athletes competing in a foot race (free rendering), Panathenaic amphora, 530-520 BC, New York, Metropolitan Museum of Art

Page 2: Athletes jumping with halteres (weights) in their hands. The judge of the contest is standing close to them (free rendering), red figure kylix (two-

handled cup), 510-500 BC, Boston, Museum of fine Arts

Page 3: Discus thrower preparing for his throw (free rendering), a Roman replica

of a copper statue of the Discobolus (Discus thrower) of Myron of 460-450

BC, 2nd century AD, Rome, Museo Nazionale Romano - Palazzo Massimo

Sporting events that stood the test of time

Foot races

Long Jump

The Discus

5

The Javelin

Wrestling

Boxing

Page 5: Two wrestlers fight by pushing each other with their heads. To the left a long-jumper is preparing for his jump and to the right a javelin

thrower is getting ready for his throw(free rendering), funerary stele from Piraeus, 510 BC, Athens, National Archaeological Museum

Page 4: A javelin thrower just before his throw (free rendering), red figure kylix (two- handled cup), ca 420 BC, Berlin, Staatliche Museen

Page 6: Two small children wearing a perizoma (wide belt around their waist) box (free rendering), wall-painting from building B of the prehistoric settlement

of Akrotiri, 16th century BC, Athens, National Archaeological Museum

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Pancration

Equestrian events

Weight lifting

Page 8: The charioteer awaits the signal for the contest to begin. He wears a long chiton and he holds both reins and whip in his hands (free rendering),

black figure vase, ca 510 BC, Athens, National Archaeological Museum

Page 9: An adolescent picks up two roughly hewn rocks (free rendering), red figure kylix, ca 500 BC, Würzburg, Martin von Wagner Museum

Page 7: A pancration match. The contestant on the left grasps and pulls on his opponent’s leg in order to throw him to the ground. The judge stands to the right (free rendering), Panathenaic amphora, beginning of the 5th

century BC, New York, Metropolitan Museum of Art

7

Hoops

Swimming contests

Keritizein

Page 11: A diver jumps into the water from a high diving platform (free rendering), wall-painting on the diver’s tomb, in Poseidonia, 480 BC,

Poseidonia, Museo Archeologico Nazionale di Paestum

Page 12: Youths playing a game of “keritizein” (free rendering), relief on the base of a funerary monument, 6th century BC, Athens,

National Archaeological Museum

Page 10: Ganymede plays with a hoop while keeping a rooster aloft (free rendering), red figure krater, 500-460 BC, Paris, Musée du Louvre

8

Football

Contests for youths

Page 14: Odysseus and his companions row in an attempt to escape from the dangerous song of the Sirens (free rendering), red figure vase,

ca 480-470 BC, London, British museum

Page 13: A youth practices his leg moves for the game of ball. A small slave stands next to him (free rendering), relief on a funerary loutrophoros,

ca 350 BC, Athens, National Archaeological Museum

The leaflet “Answers to the activity proposals for Secondary education ” of the theme “The spirit of competition in Ancient Greece” was created and digitised in 2015, within the framework of Act with code no. MIS 339815 “Updating and digitizing ed-ucational material to support the educational process, which is implemented by the Directorate of Museums as part of the Operational Programme “Education and Life-long Learning” and jointly funded by the European Union (European Social Fund) and national resources.

Athens, 2015

Project coordinator:Maria Lagogianni, Ph.D. archaeologist

Souzana Choulia - Kapeloni, archaeologist

General editors:Tonia Koutsouraki, archaeologist

Alexandra Seleli, archaeologist/museologist

Graphic Design editor:Spilios Pistas, graphic artist

Educational content/Activity Design: Maria Tsalkitzi, educator PE 70 (activities 1-2)

Elena Fragkaki, archaeology (activity 3)

Graphic Design:Sophia Deligianni, graphic artist

Illustrations:Manolis Tsambourakis, painter

Translation into English:Katerina Apostolaki, Translator - Interpreter

Copyright © 2015 MINISTRY OF CULTURE, EDUCATION AND RELIGIOUS AFFAIRS

ISBN 978-960-386-210-9