The stratigraphy of the Supai formationalong the Mogollon Rim, central Arizona

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Authors Jackson, Robert Louis

Publisher The University of Arizona.

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THE STRATIGRAPHY OF THE SVPAI FORMATION ALONG THE MOGOLLON RIM

CENTRAL ARIZONA

Robert L. Jackson

IY%

submitted tothe'faculty of the Department of Geology

in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree ofMASTER OF SCIENCE

in the Graduate College, University of Arizona

1951

Approved:Director of Thesis

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CONTENTS

vr/ -.i:.;: , , «• *LIST OF I L L U S T R A T I O N S ; ^ .• . .* . . . . . . i ;ABSTRACT . * . . ; . ■; ;

CHAPTER I .........!.'r; .4 . . . . v . . .*INTRODUCTION7 . .« v v /

Purpose and me thdds of investigation . . . Location and: accessibility . . . . Acknowledg®nent‘s . . . . .* . . •* . .* .

CHAPTER II . . . GEOGRAPHY . .

Climate. ... j . i r. . ■

e" ‘ e 0‘ - • : rr*e * • ''a- .' .- .* .♦XV *# # ' ve" ' e V"on 4# e # e

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e ee ee e

CHAPTER III r; r► •

ur; yj.cuGENERAL GEOLOGY V'. X . ' . . -.’v ’. - . v ................

Summary. * * e * *

SEDIMENTARY ROCKS . . . . . . . . . . . . . .i Ivl C- J iXn CZZ ‘v i Z-Vi.. * « p * s < « » * *Prec^brlan; ^. .• v .= v .* /ICo u.Hazatzal quartzite.’ . . .* .-Cambrian . ; .»,«*»*- .* ,* .* .■•' ~; Tapeeits sandstone . ' . - .* . .*

Devonian . . . . ........... .. •% 7" ar@rbme / formation. . . ............Mississippian. . .* .= .< . .* . .* .• .* .« .-

Redwall limestone . . . . . . . •Pennsylvanian. "iX . .T . •*.».' .•

Naco limestone; . vX* . . . . .'Permian. . . . . . . . . .............: Supal formation . . . . ■. .- . . '

Coconino sandstone. . . . . . . .■ : y v v 1 kcnsnLyx: v ■:.... <- - - - t t ‘ •$ «- - r"> r "

.. i . 4 . ■' .j. -V - < ‘ '*• v *■ ** f ■*'

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Page

IGNEOUS R O C K S ...............................r lT .'Precambrian;granite. . . . . . . . . . 17Tertiary basalt. ...................... 17

STRUCTURE.......................... ........ 18Faulting.................... 1 8

OIL AND GAS POSSIBILITIES...... 18Reservoir rock . ....................... 18

, Source beds. . ,. . . . . . . . . . . . 19Structural traps ...................... 19

" ' ' ■' - • . .1 ‘ * ' ■ • : -• ' -■ ' : ». • - ■* - ♦ 4 % a i • V ,

CHAPTER 17 . . . . . . .......................... 20STRATIGRAPHY OF IHE SUPAI FORMATION........ .. 20

Physical properties of the Supai formation . . . 20LITHOLOGY OF THE SUPAI FORMATIONAT MEASURED SECTIONS. . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Sycamore Canyon section. . . . . . . . 22Oak Creek Canyon section............. 23Horse Mesa section . . . . . . . . . . 24Beaver Creek section . . . . . . . . . 25West Clear Creek section . . . . . . . 25Fossil Creek section .................. 26Spade Ranch section.................... 29Washington Park section............... 30Kohl Ranch section .................... 31Tontb Creek section.......... 31Babe Haught Ranch section. . . . . . . 32

STATISTICAL STUDIES OF THE SUPAIFORMATION........................ 34

Cross-bedding study. . . . . . . . . . 35Mechanical analysis study. . . . . . . 37

Summary of physical properties. . . . . . . 37Stratigraphic relationships of the Supaiformation of central A r i z o n a ................... 42

ir

;.;ov -r J--;-:v.'.tPREVIOUS INVESTIGATIONS ....................STRATIGRAPHIC RELATIONSHIPS . . . .........PENNSYLVANIAN-PERMIAN RELATIONSHIPS . . . .

Summary and conclusions........................ ..FAUNAL LISTS FOR LOCALITIES.........BIBLIOGRAPHY . . . . . . . . . . . .■ ' . - f..:- : r."’; vV ' , - » ..

DESCRIPTION OF MEASURED SECTIONS . .

; •: ■ i-

?a.£.e42:;444952545659

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T

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

Platesm m

IjO;’;'I v. Geologiclmap Mogollon Rim, Pine quadrangle • : In pocket

Figures. <. v ;: . : n) .1' ,;ir.1 ,. andex map ot. area studied.: . . • .t . .... . . ... . . • 32. Index map to locality of measured sections . . . . . 9

3.. - Circular^ graph showing^ number- of measurementswithin each ten degrees of arc.’ Horse Mesa. . . . . 38:'V Y--:V:r I"’, bot'l:' " V ' J. Y Y1:-I' . ' •4. Circular graph showing number of measurementswithin each ten degrees of arc. West Clear Creek. . 39

5. Circular graph showing number of measurements ? ;within each ten degrees of arc. Washington Park . . 40

6. Histograms showing grain size distribution atspecific localities. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

7. Correlation of columnar sections . . . . . . . . . . 458. Generalized Supai section, Nevada-Fort Apache,

Arizona........ .................................... 48

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ABSTRACT i ; .V f J.";

' Ah i ^ M t i ^ a t i ^ n of: tlie Str&tai' relationships of : the Supal formation was conducted in central Arizona in the summer of 1950. The area studied includes Sycamore- . " f . 5 - z*„ , r<» . * \ ‘ t .V '* - . •• , v - '"1 * ' ' •“ ‘ * ; ’ *Canyon on the northwest. Oak creek, Munds and Beaver

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Creek Canyons to the southwest, and the Mogollon Rimfrom Pine eastward to Promontory B^itte. The Mogollon ' Rim and many colorful canyons of northern Arizona are

!

carved into the Supal and overlying formations.To understand better the stratigraphic relation­

ships of the Supal formation, a series of eight detailed sections was measured. Correlation and comparison of the writer’s Fossil Creek section with the Oak creek Canyon section of McKee to the west, and the composite section of Winters at Fort Apache to the east is made through faunal and facies relationships.

The Supal formation in eastern and central Arizona is divisible into members through lithology and topographic expression. The lower units of the Supal formation intertongue with the Naco limestone of Pennsylvanian age to the east. The upper limestone facies of the Naco limestone crosses time planes, ascending in the geologic column eastward. The upper limestone facies of the Naco limestone at Fossil Creek con­tains a fauna of Des Moines age. The upper limestone facies of the Naco formation at Fort Apache contains a fauna of

vii

Missourian and Virgin an age. The Packard Ranch and Oak creek members as defined in this report grade laterally into and intertongue with the Naco limestone to the east and are considered of a Pennsylvanian age.

The Supai formation of central Arizona is an advancing continental deltaic deposit of Penney!vanian- Permian age which has caused regression of the Pennsylvanian sea due to sedimentation exceeding subsidence on a stable to mildly unstable deposltlonal shelf.

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GHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

Purpose and methods of Investigation

This report represents a study of the lithology and facies relationships of the Supal formation along the Mogollon Rim in central Arizona# n r .: - 7 r. .x'rr 7

The stratigraphic relationships of the Supal formation in central Arizona were; studied^ following a,program of field ai«i laboratory techniques. Attention was-given to the relations of rock units to faunal zOnes, of marine to non-marine facies, of cyclic sedimentation, and of sediment­ation in relation to transgression and regression, consider­ation was given to the geomorphology and structure of the area studied. I r % y;-7 y y r x v i j . : ' ; D -

Field methods included measurement of detailed ' stratigraphic sections, collection"of faunal- suites and representative rock.samples, and preparation of a geologic map ;ishowing:areal.distribution of the Supal formation within the Pine quadrangle map. of the U. S. Geological Survey (Plate I). The faunal suites and representative rock sample collection are deposited at the Museum of Northern Arizona, Flagstaff, Arizona.

Laboratory methods include the mechanical analysis of detrital sediments and identification of the faunae collected.

Location and accessibility >

The area of the present study, which may be seen = on the index map (fig. 1), includes Oak creek, Munds and Beaver Greek Canyons to the northwest and the Mogollon Rim from Pine eastward toward promontory Butte. Improved roads traverse the area and numerous ranch roads lead to nearly any desired locality. The Camp Verde, Pine and Promontory Butte quadrangles published by the U. S. Geological Survey include the area studied.

Acknowledgement a

The writer wishes to thank the Museum of Northern Arizona for laboratory and library privileges. E. D.McKee, assistant director of the Museum of Northern Arizona and Professor of Geology at the University of Arizona, supervised the project, gave the writer assistance in the field, and reviewed the manuscript. Others deserving a note of gratitude are members of the geology Department of the University of Arizona and the assistant research associates of the Museum of Northern Arizona.

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4

CHAPTER II0 - '

GEOGRAPHY

Riysiography

The area herein described lies along the border ofthe Basin-Range and Colorado Plateau physiographicprovinces as described by Fenneman-^ The relief of the5 -

l- ■ ' ' V - ,Fenneman, H. M., Hiyslographlc Provinces of Western

United States, McGraw-Hill Book Co., 1931.

area Is considerable; an elevation differential o f ,3,876 ; . feet exists between the level of Oak Creek at Sedona, Arizona, in Sec. 8 , T. 19 N., R. 6 E.,. and Baker Butte in Sec. 2, T. 12 N., R. 9 E. The most prominent physio­graphic feature in the area is the Mogollon Rim along which the Paleozoic Supai and coconino formations, and the Tertiary flows of basalt are exposed.

That portion of the area studied which lies along : . the Mogollon Rim is heavily forested. The Mogollon Rim is the dividing line for the Coconino and Sitgreaves National Forests to the north arid the’ Tbntb National Forest’ to the south. Due to the heavily forested nature of the rim area, only one complete section of the Supai formation suitable for measurement and study is exposed. Six partial

sections of the Supai formation were measured at locations relatively free of vegetative cover. A description of the flora and fauna of the area studied is beyond the scope of this report* - - - : ■ v-v. rx.c:

• . Drainage

The drainage of the area comprises two series of dendritic streams, one of which is in the higher country above the Mogollori Rim and the other in the lower country below the generally east-west trending escarpment. The upper dendritic intermittent series drains to the north and north east to an eventual junction with the Colorado • River. The lower dendritic intermittent series rises along the steep slopes of the Mogollon Rim. Southward, various branches join to form the East Verde river and Tonto Creek which are perennial streams that drain to the south and southwest.

5

Climate

The climate of Arizona, which is highly variable, is discussed by Smith-/ at length.

17--------------- ---------------------------------- -Smith, H. V* # The climate of Arizona, Univ. Ariz. Coll. Agr., Bull. 197, July, 1945.

Along the Mogollon Rim, the temperature and precipitation are functions of the elevation. The prevailing westerly and

6

southwesterly winds carry warm air masses from the desert regions to the west. These are lifted and cooled in their passage over the Rim. Precipitation results from this uplift if the moisture content and temperature change fall within critical limits. As a consequence, precipitation along the Mogollon Rim is relatively high for the sta te of Arizona.

In late July and early August, showers fall almost daily. The winter wet season occurs from December to

February, , :. ,,, ...The summer climate of . the Mogollon Rim area is highly

salubrious, w M c h is one of the factors making the regiona desirable vacation site. . . .

7

r c r ' . c b oib "biJ-. :- : : x - - v : o r : - - " -j";- - rcckr, Ho avi.-:f:z

;;/ CHAPTER IIIa vr:?;-, Vi'l'-on^ oT'a iila:!::--' aHj.ch aaa'l vith tli a-a. .. ..... ....... . - ' GENERAL' GEOLOGY

H'. 1;, D<'? a -ai Ha a at aal .:-cyv' ai'-lci -.nci-na " rr: . Oa :aL , o a , ,a . , Hull,. ••.•.:■* „ C'ia l'a.a .

Summary'

a a r:. -ad ^a-rMa-aaidaua. Ina a; a.%1 cThe aedlmeatary; roeka: :e3qp©aed within thej area- mostly.

belong to the Paleozoic era. These strata are essentially flat lying, but .gentle northerly dips up to a maximum of five degrees; have been mapped. One high-tangle .fault of low displacement; was-mapped = near Pine, •Arizona- (Plate I ) •: The exposed Igneous rooks in the area include , -a.

Precambrian .granite of limited outcrop and-Tertlary basaltj — ! /

flows of considerable: areal;distribution (Plate: I).

SEDIMEHTAEY ROCKS $ A „ d'.z-dd , ?!> ld7C.

:d c Precambrian at dcn^o crovd 1 a ovcrlniu "af t ' d : a o a r o ': a a t V:>;. r;"f I f . v o n t u n ' ? c n .1 v l i r t ■ f;r '-aoMazatzal quartzite: The Mazatzal quartzite, a formationf r a::".;, ay,/r;r.'r -a a : adr; h y tf; ; I' Or’ -Tall vardra:;introductd by Wilson^ in 1922, includes sandstone, shale,

17 Wilson, E. D., Proterozoic Mazatzal quartzite of central Arizona, Pan-Am. Geol., Vol. 38, no. 4, p. 229, 1922.

' 4 /and conglomerate.bedsaof-Precambrian age.: Stoyanow-t^lists * 1

Stbyanow, A. A., Paleozoic paleogeography of Arizona, Bull*' Geol. Soc. Am., Vol. 53, no. 9, pp. 1258-1261, .1942.1 , J/.: -

•: -cna - vc^nil O r ••• Kohl Ranch•’.'revi: O .-Jp de r Ton to Orach

Grech O ',Vaehi;;.-'toc- Ferl: Q Babe HnughtSRanoh

three posaible-inte^retationacregardlzigii)laceme;nt: ofo: ^h ' : ’ R r hh-R; --j- sv 'yc -;;,... VaR '•— v>.^ | R \ s'-h j ! ' | :|

Mazatzal group ainoag "the Freeaabriah: rockse: He; summarizea ; !... . - - ; /. .• | >R •/5/ .papers by .Wileohy^iahd::M deal with these

:vv-^.,.r: r

■ii i

av t 'h ii ; :IIWllaon, E. P# * pre^a^riaricMaz&fczal r'evolutilori in = : : h : /|i ! :! I.

central Ari zona, * Geol. Soc. Am^ i Bull * vole 50, 1939 .

U 7a

i .- ' i * J' • ! ;

r.::wvvs v j n ;s2"ir i V.

Hinds, He E. A., Ep-ArcKean and ep-Algonklan intervals in western North America, Carnegie Inst. Washington,,, Publ

/ •' - , i' iv .; !

463, 1935. !'j i i , . VA C ii i i; M !

Precambrian rocks. 1 ■V-::v:55 - f !i3The Mazatzal group is 170 feet thick and comprises ;i :

conglomerate, sandstone, clayst one, and slit stone beds/ ■■ir - i R ',

h..i iMwhich occupy the interval between a highly fractured and, i I

in part, metamorphosed granite and the Jerome fonnation . i h ii,2/ . .!

of Devonian age. at Tonto Creek (fig. 2). Stoyanow-'; states

Z T Stoyanow, A. A., (1942) idem, p. 1270.' . .h- '."-i7 'c-,-, , V vm, ; ci:Q .ivCihrih;

that the Mazatzal quartzlte at Tonto Creek is overlain by fish bearing elastics of Devonian age, arid that these fossillferous elastics are overlain b y the Redwall limestone

; . .R : ;• i- __ - xh.. i . - hh. xx R.of Mississipplan age. i c : ' ’ hS: - . % h,'1--."

■V.'.n ;; :

Cambrian-

Tapeats sandstone; Noble§Z divided the Cambrian: system iri

17

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m] ; :.C-h. ■■ -.R.. ( . , - R;.:'

Noble, L. ?!, The shinumo quadrangle, Grand Canyon District, Arizona, U . .5. Geol. Survey, Bull. 549, pp. '61—65, 1914. '■■ ■■ — ----- -— - ..— ■i-- — v.... „ ...

: 4

I: - - ‘- ■-v ho .locality of ccc r'crvi coct Lcuic,

9© Horse Mesa O Beaver Creek O West Water Creek

® Fossil Creek O Spade Ranch ® Washington Park

• Kohl Ranch @ Tonto creek O Babe Haught Ranch

Fig. 2 Index Map to locality of measured sections

the Grand Canyon region of Arizona into three formations,the Tapeats sandstone, the Bright Angel shale and the,Muay ; -'limestone in ascending order. Of these, only the Tapeatssandstone is present below the Mogdllon Rim. ~

9/As noted by Stoyanow-', at the East Verde crossing_WjT~ “ “ —

Stoyanow, A. A., Correlation of Arizona.Paleozoic . formations, Geol. Soc. Am., Bull., ▼ol. 47, p. 498,.1936.,

the discrimination between the Tapeats sandstone and theoverlying Arthrodiran sandstone of Devonian age on the basis of lithology is difficult.. The Tapeats sandstone at this , localityis a fine- to very coarse-grained cross-bedded .sandstone having a light brown to reddish brown color. The low-angle cross-bedding is of the type noted by McKee— / .in10 /

McKee, E. D., Cambrian history of the Grand Canyon~ region, Carnegie Inst. Wash., Publ. 563, pp. ,.43'-49, 1945.

- - " ' - - ' - * » . - r. . * .-"V - • , " V t ^ , X. - - * - f -- r-

the Grand Canyon region and indicates an offshore environment, No fossils were found In the Tapeats sandstone in the "

locality montionod#* ■ -'* -— * *’■* * ........ *

Devonianl :: •;

Jerome formation: The Jerome formation of Upper Devonian age’ • 1 1 y . ' ■; ; - : >- " \ ' > '• •• '• -

was introduced by Stoyanow— 'in 1930. A very detailedll/ Stoyanow, A. A., Certain aspects of Devon!c in Arizona (abstract): Pan-Am. Geol., vol 53, no. 4, pp 316-317, 1930.

11

description of the Devonian strata which are exposed near Jerome, Arizona, was given:toy him 'In a later publication^/

- J tI S / ' - ..o:\ j.b ■ l . - iT v , ■ l r , - oc..Stoyanow, A. A., (1936) Idem, pp. 495-497.

Huddle and DobrovoInylS/; i<o. '■'-U1 ■'Y;.1 rr '.c;.assignithe Devonian rocks

15/ /'-..v Btoddler . J. W . , .and Dotorovolny, E. , Late Paleozoic stratigraphy-and oil and gas possibilities of 1 central and hortliwestern"Arizona, D. S. Geol. Survey, Oil and Gas Invest. Prelim. Chart 10, 1945. ,u j.lr : : or. . Vi;, l- "hoolo

21-: '

exposed;south of the Mogolloh Rim to the Martin limestone. They: traced the Martin limestone from Globe, Arizona north-i-V '- 'V -: - I n o " Cv r. t o l / r o - o , ; o / vh -. : i i o o l r o i r r / oo r o r'r.ward to the Mogollon Rim and suggest that it may be traced Into theiTemple Butte limestone of the Grand Canyon region.Stoyanowii/ states that as a part of Mazatzal land separated

o- ' v,: \ : r , y,;:: o - o Vx n o ■.the Devonian seas on its two sides, the lithologic nature of ther Jeromenand Martin formations are altogether different.

' 01: n o r { : /-O . t n , O co o o 0':On:-o l o c n l ' n yAt the Tonto Creek locality (fig. 2), the Jerome

; r ' i :-v: r o l 2 i-o rv; r . f :no o o o o .formation consists of a light gray to reddish brown sandstone

- o OU: 2 - on h :0- 0 . ;r:.2 '■ " : ;n :: o rn-:: xo: o o y >.7 i. r rOwhich Is conglomeratic at the base, and a series of sandstones0 ' r V ;. y :'nO n ?. 07,0 ; '. ..I ' :_o - .ol .and siltstones. The Redwall limestone of Mississippian age; : n n - , n ; o n: -7 . 7 o o o o n :o .n n o • o l o . . - - , 7o7'.o o o l ' nynoolies over the Jerome formation with the appearance of edn-oo-o 0 . - o .n y ooL 0 on;" no 1 o l 7 o o o o n o . oOm-'O :nno iL ' r n ; -formity. The writer found no fossils in the Devonian rocks

io'yo- -O: A ol.-' 0: noou:,; 0: r o :oo is/ - C:-" ’• Icc.ollo v >at Tonto Creek, although Stoyanow— ' reports fish bearing

o\X'f '". l /OO : 0. O Croon::

no St oyanow', A. A., (1942) idem, p. 1270.;2?J on

'l-n OtrvlX.lr!.:.oo . . ■ o-:n;. - n c rro /no:; 11.o n - , . : / o 1;: n nc e v l.m o i n..:-7elastics of the Jerome formation at this locality.

12;

MississippianC O. - Vv -X ' : ' ; / 1 .. O i ' ^ - : - .

Redwall limestone: The Redw&ll limestone of Mississippian- - •* * ■- • •• j V- 'v •*' * i - > - - ■**•••• 3 * •- / '. t„ <- -x«, ... -»» g m

age was .first, mentioned ..by Gilbert— 7 in 1875. In a recent* 1 I # % rn 5 . ... '•.* .i •> ? - . -- » «■ - .* ' ’ •« -T - -- - » • W -•* «• •• v . - 1 1. -•

TmnllTr , .. - — *- '

Gilbert, G. K., U. S. Geog. and Geol. Survey W 100th Meridian, wol. 3,' ppV 162, 177-186, 197, 1875. *

study..oi‘.' the. RedwaJLl,_limestone, Gutaohick— 7 recognizes17/ ■ / ' ■. ” " ' • " ' v-:..u.-— .-Gutschick, R. C. ,- The -Redwall limestone, Ph.D thesis (in publication), Unir. of 111., 1942.;; 7 :/ ("L ' ; ; ' . -' - .Kinder hook and Osage groups at Sycamore Canyon/ Arizona.His'studies1 indicate aLthinning of the Mississippian rockstoward the east and southeast.

At the Fossil Creek locality (fig. 2), more than 80 feet:of Redwall limestone was measured. This did not'include the entire Redwall section; as the base of theformation was concealed. At the Tonto Creek locality• ■. . . I - , , '-G-V • a-:;;;1 " ; ;;; ■'(fig. 2), 48 feet-of Redwall limestone"was measured.This unit of the Redwall-llmestone was overlain by 27 feet of collapse breccia resulting from late Mis sissippian or e arly Pennsylvanian karst topographic development. This collapse breccia, comprising red siltstone/chert, jasper and limestone fragments, was also noted at the Fossil Creek locality.

The Redwall limestone at the Fossil Creek locality is composed of light gray aphanitic to coarsely crystalline limestone. Some of the limestone units are crinoidal, others

13

/; " . V- ■' -- > . C-.1 _.V . "f -- - * ! %. •>- 'r ; 1 - ' - " ' V : 'contain a fauna of extiremely poor preservation. Stoyanow,18/O'-r.',,::

,,.r_ .Stoy«lo.?!A. A., (1936) Idem, p. 512. :.. 0 V:. v

reports crlhold he ads (Riysetocrlnus ) of good pre servation■ ' I . ■i* ' _ ■' - •- * •• ' * .-Ws *> £ •'* ■ .’■r ■■■■*{ * *- •*, * . * t i t t »: - £ * . - ,in the Redwall limestone between Pine and Payson, Arizona. Huddle and Dobrovolny— ^ report' several specimens of '

Huddle, J..W., and Dobrovolny, E., idem. ..4.11::,LO'.;r„ l- i o a, i1 :-_C 1U. .i :

Id.thdstrotidhella in the' collapse hreccia at Salt River----------- .!-------- ...6anybh—tarthe south, and suggest that sslssipplan' beds ' asyoung. as St. Louis, time, may, once have been present.

Pennsylvanian ,lr= th.' c :

f ^ f f : -1 '1 f'1 «Waco limestone: The Waco lime st one as originally de scr ibed by Ran'sbme§^: in" 1904 contained both' Peimsylvaniah and

:: ".j t o f b - ' i i z 1 n o i o d

Ransoms, P. L . G e o l o g y and ore, deposits of the Blsb.ee quadrangle^ Arizona, 8; Geoli. Survey Prof ; Paper 21; ^ pp. 33-42, 1904.. . . . . . , u;:* nvcrvv c.r. i l i i r r i - r - t 'c n e c o n •-• l o r : c r ' . tc? c-c-

r'; ^ V ^ 21/ lhv a stwly of' the SupaiPermian rocks. Stephen Winters021/

Winters, S. S., Ph.D thesis (unpublished) Columbia University, and personal communication, 1950. ; /

r —r J. c; n'yM-c oy .'.rv' r.:--

formation near Fort Apache reports foramlniferal limestoneof Virgil age. Fossils of Des Moines agb occur atdthe"Fossil Creek and Kohl Ranclrlocalities (fig. 2), and arealso found near the base, of, the Waco limestone in,the Fort.’.V -.V w : i

Apache area below the fossil zone reported by Winters.The Naco limestone of east central and central Arizona

intertongues with and grades laterally into the lower Supai units, so Pennsylvanian age is indicated for a considerable portion of the lower Supai formation in the area studied. The FennsyIranian**Permian relationships are discussed at greater length in the section oh stratigraphy.

The Naco limestone at Fossil Oreek and Kohl Ranch (fig. 2) comprises intercalated mudstone, siltstone, sand-stone, and light gray limestone beds. Stoyanew55/

Stoyanow, A. A., (1942)'idem,,p . .1274,

reports

I;.i ‘.r. •

a prepo^erahee of clastic rocks in the Naco limestone over the Fayson Headland, and at Tonto creek thin fdssillferous limestone beds are underlain and overlain by shale and sandstone beds. A cyclical repetition of beds is noted at the Fossil Creek locality (fig. 2). Three sequences of

Vv r T. ij- ' : r ::.ralternating limestone and limestone conglomerate beds are: • .V '• L - -'v: -:J "• :: : v". :: -■ v.V" : . : - : ' -i h , " i'i "reported-'in the measured section at Fossil Creek.■ : ‘ ' :: ••

Permian - . 1 - * 1 »■’ • - 1-W- . ;io-kCi\

i n

- -- v ''-.-, .'-.i.-v '' --. v- .... _ - . . .,Supai formation: The Supai formation was named by Barton„25

Barton, N. H. , ,A reconnaissance of parts, of south­western New Mexico and northern Arizona,' U. S. Gebl, Survey Bull. 435, p. 25, 1910

the type locality being; In Havasu Canypn in. the north

15

central Grand Canyon region.a ; . ' , v r IA,, ^ r rv ; a.L T.he \ -• ,•

Only one complete section of the Supal formation; i. a L v a a aaA v rc n - '1 r c 1 X - cl •• • v c- .i. o 3 ;• <.t Ck; 1 /: a v c i o nt>»has been measured in the area of the present study (Fossil Creek, fig. 2). The thickness at this locality is 1,675 feetlLASix partial sections of the gupai formation were --measured in the area. 1 Alov; cv :rj n o r t h e r n i v lo v a i r

The - Supal formation may be divided1 into unit sc6fn:considerable areal extent. McKee— ' recognizes three distinct

r ; r ; --V;; , , Al- , I ' i o v : p o „ l : i - C V .

McKee, E. D., personal communication, 1950; :1: " v v l ' ; ; ; . l y v y oco o- I v '

members of the Supal formation at Oak Creek Canyon, nearv , 1. u-., v vvv- Coc oryno V f;v;0stov;:; vo"::c, ;o .Sedena^ Arizona; Winter#^/ recognizes four members in the5S/- - ■ • ■ •

Winters, 8. S., idem.

Supal formation at Fort Apache, Arizona^ - The three members0lc;.l.'O r o n l l o - ; . - , l- . Vol, ::u, 7, 11, 5.of McKee and the two uppermost members of Winters arerecognized by t W writerc at '-the Fossil creekflocality. - > >i;-; -TheiSupai formation5 in- the area 'studied consists ofr an intercalated series of sandstone, isiltstone, - mudstone and some limestone'beds. Supal strata along the Mogollon 'Rim ‘are;essentially flat-lyin^, the maximum dip noted in the area mapped is five degrees I The ’-Nacd-Supai format! brial [relationships are vdiscussed in-the;section on stratigraphy.vy ir.y The boundary between the Permian 1 Supal and Co coni noformations-is gradational. Huddle and Dobrovolny^/

'''-'"Ti fil".".V:1.'fill i.f/ • urlv;Huddle, J. W . , and Dobrovolny, E., idem.

arbitrarily draw the^boundary;at the base of the lowest massive sandstone with well-developed Coconino-type cross- bedding.

Coconino sandstone? The sandstone of the Coconino formation,which has extensive distribution over northern Arizona was

27/named by Barton— . An e oil an environment for the Coconino27/ : Z \': \ ;;;l- . .._i Z v

Barton, N. H., idem, pp. 21-27.:.o . z v z . v . : z". : 28/

sandstone is indicated by detailed work of McKee— ' andw. ; McKee, E. B., The Coconino. saiMlstone, Carnegie Inst. ■ > of Wash., Publ. no 440, 1954.' " ■ - ' - - ' - : -- ' ^ ' ib v . '•r./ 'r : V ; r-v.:;

Reiche— : ,V0 ••• z:;: /•.: . „v;;H 9 / . OZ-. r-z , • OV - X ; : *: ;; : •,, • r. ■ - ;; h :.',

Reiche, P., An analysis of cross-laminations The Coconino sandstone. Jour. Geol., Vol. 46, no. 7, 1938.

The individualtbeds of the Coconino sandstone consistalmost entirely of fine- to medium-grained sand. The

XV-i--:, Z-::" v::v;: s V ' V z V . ' . r 7 , .. -.z v i i ' ov;-;- .cross-lamination wedges of the formation dip in many■X-’- . W ;• V r; ;V :,z,; . : loo.: V-‘ z l . . O': '.O'X' O l i .' - .or rdirections, but mostly south. In the Mogollon Rim area, the

o I/O.. o . . o l o ; .. , . 0 o - o o / :0r ; • , ' ' -oolCoconino sandstone is a persistent cliff-forming unit.' • '• ' z o 0 0- 0\ U :':"0 o ;-;.o ",v V;c _Lo ' o': - o% o r : . V o

The Coconino sandstone is 104 feet thick at the Fossil11'. Oo-O o ;.0-‘o'.o. ’ : :V . O O V o Xto'i Oo-o.o\

Creek locality. In most parts of the area studied it isooo o' ' "-oo •■o.V'o o-overlain by Tertiary basalt. A complete thickness of the Coconino sandstone could not be obtained for the upper portion of the formation has been stripped away, prior to

th®: laying down of the basalt.

IGNEOUS ROCKS:

; . . - . ... *■ - : . - v -i- 1-1 r'.-r ' '• - V-c * - . ... . 1'- ‘ : ' ' ■ : I r ' '$-fc pNo careful study of the Igneous rocks exposed In the area studied was made; however, general features

:i o f tn o .I'V- :;>cc n:were noted. ■• 1.v :;r . vr.o r- in vf d 1:: ocout-i: io

Precambrian granite ■'•'v./ • f Itv: n j, , rni - " . •-» * •'* . « .v ■ >i {■» ' i " ?. * c T V *• '■ . „ i f*. V ) -wThe Precambrian granite exposed at Tonto Creek (fig; 2) is a greatly decbmpbs'eA', partially metamorphosed

r v , •'V-f i - J v.granite which is*highly faulted'and fractured. Quartz Veins and velnlets hare been Intruded into the granite and range from one-quarter, inch up to four inches in thickness. At this locality, the granite is overlain noneonformably byyounger rocks.' -:;‘U

• c l :“ i u '■ f o-- :.0 vU.v -’. ' L ' l C i C .

t,-/ • •' ' m.1 -r /a: for c :T e r t l i r -y (2) sour-.-. -3 v. eno --v it hi Vi

!■ ; % y> *»' t*. 1 ^ ' V: . - Thick accumulations of Tertiary basalt * lie over the. * . ' v - .1 .K r. ^ - •*' •-* * - »► -V i ^ *• 'i ' »• ' ’ •-* ' f ' , -r* " • rCoconino sandstone at most localities. Feeder dikes were ob served near the We st CleaV creek *16c Alitp; (f ig^ 2y‘ And the basalt is considered by the writer to be local in origin. The basalts are aphanitic and dark gray with dense to scoriaceous textures.

• v e v . r v - r :

r. : '...rtof .fv: ; , f .. ; v .ir 1‘ :: rh '-rorK ir : ;Oi

18

STRUCTURE: r 1 v - i v.

: Pauitlng : : ': " ; " , , - :X:-VC i;- :: ' ’■ 1 IZ f - ’C:- t; X:.

On© northwest trending,high-angle fault occurs near , Pine, Arizona (Plate I). This fault is indicated by differences in elevation of the Fort Apache limestone of the Supai formation. The area in which it occurs is heavily forested and the f ault, line has not been precisely located. The northeastern side of the fault is the.down- thrown side with a throw of, about, 70 .feet. flIt,. is highly probable that more faults are present in.the.area mapped; but the heavy vegetative cover conceals them.

OIL AND GAS POSSIBILITIES■ i: :

The three prime requisites for the accumulation of . .. oil and .gas ..in quantity are: (1) reservoir rock porousand permeable to contain the oil, (2 ) source beds withinthe migratory zone with respect to initial and regionaldip, and.(3). presence of a.structural,trap. . consideration, was given,to these three requirements, during field work

4 \ • « ", » «.*. *•- ■ » ’ ' >. 4 i s -1. 5 a — v * ' - * - , ~ v,' v .: •- ■ JJ-. •••*•'■ v -'• ' - ■ - ' « t ' " '

in.the area of study and in reconnaissance of adjoiningareas.; '•"" - .A ;;V '.i;. ( i" :

. - ' • . ♦Reservoir rock

A suitable reservoir rock should be both porous and

permeable to allow migration into a rock and to provide storage space for the petroleum.

In general, the sandstone and siltstone beds of the Naco and Supai formations have,a high degree :of permeability and porosity.

■ ' rdf::., 01 t;:-- .Si:.';:.! loir-lljcnSource beds

• •" : . t ; on oo orcpooccl .1 n foceo o£ i: •: or.;-

A difference of opinlohoexlsts with regard rto the origin of petroleum. Bothtthe proponents of the organic theory and the proponents of -the bacterial decbmposition j c %theory are in general agreement in that source beds are

- A. - u i ic .r io - . -o o f t i;o :: “m e i n oat: io n rh ea requlr^ieht in the genesis of petroleum. A In .the .area

• ' ■■ -L £ v - o :-Ay ; 1 y c ,studied, black humic or bituminous shales are absentin the outcrops. This, however, does not .' preclude the possibility of migration from source beds in some adjoining area into reservoir-rocks of'central'Arizona, .or ; 1 u:

Structural traps i--'oolyraphy - , r th.o Aup-:,'■ ' Vrv/irovri v-oi'nl--, 1 1 rv' - : " ' -A Ai. 0;.' QZ > ZlOirO. 1 V'A.' .

: r*• < - * ^ * j -<' - ri j .

Anticlines-and domes.are the most favorable structures for trapping and retentioh of rigrating petroleum;u over of most of the Mogollon Rim area the strata-are relatively flat lying. Ho anticlinal or doiaal structures were noted! In the area studied.

;■ v ■ ":.A t; 1. . v

-IT - 1 ' :A": 0.:;r

20

' CHAPTER IV :

, . STRATIGRAPHY OF THE SUPAI FORMATION ,

Physical properties of the Supai formation

. The Supai formation as exposed; in the area of study comprises alternating red to brown sandstone, siltstone, mudstone and some limestone beds. The character of the bedding is siriiHaf to" that described by Johnston^/ as typical

Johnston, W. A.., character of the; stratification of the sediments in the recent delta of the Fraser River, B. C.,Jour. Geol., vql, )0, No. 2, pp. 115-129, 1922.

of deltaic foreset bedding: "fine sand, silt;and clay,thinly laminated, . irregular bedded and cross-bedded". ; .....Hughes^/ cites as evidence for a deltaic environment in the

Hughes, P. W i ] - The stratigraphy of the*Supai f ormation in the Chino Valley area, Yavapai County, Arizona, MS thesis (unpublished) XJniversilty of Ar izona, i.1950* ;

Supai formation, the following criteria: (1) distribution ofwell sorted parf le x e s or red bed material over wide areas,> ! .* ' •

(2) alternating layers of siltstone and Very.fine-grained sandstone. ... , . ....

Barrell^S/ has observed that .red shading into brown

Barrell, Joseph,' Relations between 'dlimate and terrest­rial d e p o s i t s J o u r . Geol., Vol. 16, No. 3, p. 286, 1908.

21

Is one of the most common colors of ancient continental deposits, and that many of the red beds were of’fluriatileorigin. The pigment of most typical red beds-is:generallybelieved to be-hematite developed in the regolith of thesource area, then transported and deposited as clastic sediments in an extremely fine state of subdivision*;Tomlinson**/ and Krynineii/ have revlev.'ed tho differing

:< -•337 - : - ; ■. -Tomlinson, C. W., A study of the conditions of origin of

the Permo-Carboniferous and Trlassie red beds of the western United States, four. Geol., Vol. 24, pp. 153-179, 1916.24/:.. , ; ;;Krynine, P. D . , The origin of. red beds, Trans. N. Y. Acad. Sol., Series II, Vol. 2, No. 3, 1949.

opinions as to the origin of red beds, and have concluded that red soils formed under a warm, moist climate are the source of the coloring matter and much of the clastic material in red beds. Most red beds apparently were flood-plain deposits that accumulated rapidly enough to preserve the color, or in a climate less humid than that in the sourbe area. Persistence of the red color after;deposition depends on the presence of non-reducing conditions.' - : ^

LITHOLOGY OF THE SUPAI. FORMAT!ON AT MEASURED SECTIONS:

Nine stratigraphic sections were measured within the • area studied (fig. 2)• These are tabulated with their locations given in degrees of Latitude and Longitude. The

22

Sycamore Uanyo^gnd-Qak,creek Canyon sections.of McKee were reviewed.:and are included in the following list: • ::

Locality rvr ;: .. . Location-.r 1. Sycamore Canyon ^ 112°e3»40M W — 34953 ICO". N

2. Oak creek Canyon lll°44»43l» W — 34°52»50» N3. Horse Mesa : 111043»15? W — 34°43»40? N4. Beaver Creek 111°41*20? W — 34°40t50? N5. West Clear„creek lllo40»22? W — 34°32i20” N6. Fossil Creek 111°34»14»» W — 34°23'149 N7. Spade Ranch 111°23*04? W — 34°24t02« N8. Washington Park Ill°l6fl0? W — 34°26*09« N9. Kohl Ranch 111°05 ’28» W — 34°19132« N

10. Tonto creek lllo05t37M W — 34o20»23*’ N11. Babe Haught Ranch - 111°06*32? W — 34°22!39? N

Sycamore Canyon Section

The Sycamore Canyon section was measured by E. 1). McKee. This section and the Oak creek canyon section were reviewedand walked over by’the -writer: to help familiarize him with the Supai format!on. ' : ^ ' '- 'i:- ;

The divisions made in the Oak creek Canyon section (fig. 7)are recognizable at Sycamore Canyon; 1

The uppermost or A. member is:compost of-massive and cross-laminated reddish-brown" very fine-grainedsandstone beds which are cliff-forming. This member is overlain bythe Coconino' sandstone of-Permian age. . ' '■ A-V

; The B.member, immediately below' the A member - consists- ~of siItstone b^Ls and a few thin siltstone conglomerate beds.

• ' r - •* ‘ .

Two arenaceous limestone units are contained in this member, the upper being reddish-brown and structureless, the lower

2 25

b eing reddlsti-gray atiav pr qs1ii« i tly bro’as-lasliiati^ v ' c„ ec;: i Me«W-rO.-ritoa,tiril'«B Member: B em^ bmpriaea units forming

the mein cliffs of the Inner gorge# This member la composed of very f i n e ^ a i n M r W ^Some alltatone" la present in this interval; twd limestones’'

1 v-occur hear tiie base.— These limestone beds are silty, and cross' laminated oh a large-scale.: McKee places the Supai-Naoo format!onal boundary arbi-3'::c;vunc>w , A.,, x ly; u} ;> t

trarlly. at. the_base_.of.massive cliff-forming units, conforming1 :mith the usag e of Huddle: and": Dobr d v o l n y ^ .

,.._U .. '.'X . . : ,v v : :v :v • . i.r j . V rHuddle, 1. W . , and Dobrovolny, E., idem.

' o n nr,;.: ycomers Ca: •cn,; *

The Naco limestone at: ttiis-Xocality w eathers to a ledge-slope topographic meprassion. (Hie Naoo limestone is preponderantly siltstohe. - Three limestone units occur at about equal inter­vals through the formation. The limestone units are reddish brown to pale gray, aptescitl c and non-fossiliferous. The basal unit is a collapse breccia or conglomerate which lies on top of the Redwall*limestone of Mississippian age. This breccia or conglomerate is a reflection of late Mississippian or early PenneyIvaniah karst topography. This unit also is present at the Fossil Creek, Kohl Ranch and Tonto Creek localities (fig. 2).The section begins with this unit.

■■ - . «-> ' • ■ - • • t ■ ^

Oak Creek Canyon Section

24

The Oak Greek Canyon section was measured by E. l>. McKee and is the locality for his three fold division, of the Supai f Ormation. :• b ^

;Member A is composed predominantly of very fine-grained. cliff-forming sandstone and siltstone beds. This member is

V.... . — ■ • .

overlain^by the Coconino sandstone of Permian age., The Fort Apache limestone of Stoyanow^/is included in this member,

Stoyanow, A. A., (19)6) idem, p. 5)3.

and is an arenaceous limestone at this locality .- Depositional pinch-opt of the Fort Apache limestone lies somewhere between Oak Creek Canyon and Sycamore Canyon, 16 miles to the west.,

Member B consists of units forming shaly slopes and thin ledges of the middle canyon, and is predominantly reddish

■ v,,: Cb'- '-v ■. ;. :.b f-brown siltstone. A limestone and siltstone conglomerate is present near the base of this member. . ;

- Member- C comprises units forming the massive cliff of the inner gorge. isrosion has not yet cut deeply enough to expose the base of this member. Member G consists of weak orange and red sandstone and siltstone and some arenaceous limestone beds. v: bi_ - v r■; . b l - .

Horse Mesa Section

The Horse Mesa section is a partial section of the Supai formation consisting of incomplete exposures of membersA and B . • • • . y . ; ■■ , ■ -y. • - y ,

z y

. , The uppermost" or A member;ia overlain by Tertiary tbasaltand an unknown thibkhess has been removed by erosion prior to the incursion of basaltic Tertiary lava. Member A comprises •reddish;,brown very fine-grained sandstone and siltstone units which weather into cliffs. : . i.;; . -y; . r Erosion has\not yet exposed the base., of the underlying B member at, this locality. Member B consists of ledge-slope forming units of sandstone and siltstone..Four siltstone conglomerate beds occur at intervals through this- member.-;

•An unsuccessful attempt was made to correlate conglomeratic zones as they appear in the.measured section. The writer . believes these conglomerates to be lenses which do not have -great lateral extension. ; a r - - . . , ; ;

; •Beaver Creek section

The Beaver Creek section, like the Horse Mesa section contains incomplete- A and B ; members. - i ;; ; - ; : i , ;

Tertiary basalt over11es the cliff and;ledge-forming, reddish brown, very fine-grained sandstone beds of A member,

_ vB.member comprises ledge-slope forming beds of orange -and reddish brown, very fine-grained-sandstone-and-siltstone. Measurement of the section was begun at Beaver Creek and;con­tinued upward;without offset. •. - ,; : r

West Clear Creek section

At V/est Clear Creek, is a partial section of member A

26

37/which includes the Fort Apache limestone of Stoyanow~' .

Stoyanow, A. A.* (1936) idem, p. 333.■ ■ • • - : " : ; ' ‘ . " : • ^ •Erosion has not yet exposed the base of member A at this

locality and an unknown thickness was eroded from the top prior to the basaltic lava flows of Tertiary age.

The sandstone beds which comprise this member are reddish brown, very fine-grained and weathered to vertical cliffs in the main canyon. The Fort Apache limestone, a dolo- mitic limestone, is less arenaceous at this locality than a t 'Oak Creek Canyon. The progressively greater arenaceous content of this limestone from Fort Apache westward and northwestward is illustrated by the line of sections measured for this study, (fig. 2). ' " ' '' * '' " :

Fossil Creek section

The Fossil Creek section is the only complete section of the Supai formation measured by the writer in the area studied. The section includes a portion of the Coconino sandstone at the top, underlain by the Supai arid Naco formations in descending order, and, at the base, an incomplete section of the Redwall limestone of Mississippian age. ThePennsylvanian-Permian relations of the Naco and Supai formations are discussed later in this report: ' v v : : ; -

The writer correlates the Fossil Creek section with the Oak Creek Canyon section"of McKee2£/ to the west and the Fort

McKee, E. D., personal communication, 1950.

Apache section of Winters&S/ to the east (fig. 7)•H7

Winters, S. S., idem.

The application of formal names to the members represented at Fossil Creek is an attempt by the writer to clarify correla­tion of the divisions of the Supai formation from western to central Arizona, and is discussed at length in the section on stratigraphic relationships.^

The Corduroy “sand facies* member of the Supai formation• •: . . z ; • , - • " ' • *• • - : •• *-" : • • • • . . *s < , * . . :

lies under the Coconino sandstone in the Fossil Creek area andis composed of cliff-forming, reddish brown, very fine-grained sandstone beds.

_ The Fort Apache limestone thickens westward from the Oak Creek area and at Fossil Creek comprises ledge-forming beds of gray, aphanitic limestone separated by thin mudstone partings.,. _ If . _The westernmost evidence of fossils in this member was found here. Preservation of the fossils was very poor, however, andno diagnostic forms were found. ' r: ‘ !

The Big “A* “sand facies* member underlies the Fort Apache. . . ::" ■ . . . • • . ... ' .■

limestone, it is composed of alternating beds of cliff— andledge-forming reddish brown very fine-grained sandstone and siltstdne. - :: ' '' ::

The Oak Creek member is composed in this locality predom­

28

inantly of orange and reddish brown siltstone intercalated with minor beds of very fine-grained sandstone and siltstoneconglomerate. This member (B member of McKee) appears to

I v :.:- - :■ :.v.v,' -; ....... •-contain these siltstone conglomerates throughout the area of

StUd3:‘ ::v /. : V :: v v;- • i - % ':::' :The Packard ranch member, next in descending order, is

composed predominantly o f .cliff-forming units of reddish brown, very fine-grained sandstone and some siltstone beds. Five units of light gray aphanitic limestone are present in it at Fossil creek, whereas only three are.present at Sycamore Canyon. This indicates an increase of the limestone facies -at the expense of the arenaceous facies eastward.

The boundary between the Packard ranch member of the Supai formation and the underlying Naco limestone was arbitrarily placed at the base of the massive cliff-forming

40/units conforming with usage of Huddle and Dobrovolny— '•

42/ , • . : '• •:Huddle, J. w ., and Dobrovolny, E., idem.

The Naco limestone of Pennsylvanian age comprises an assemblage of reddish brown.very fine-grained sandstone j beds, reddish brown siltstone beds, and highly fossiliferous, gray, nodular limestone beds in.the area studied.‘ A Des > Moines (early Pennsylvanian) fauna of good preservation was collected at this locality. The basal unit of the Naco - limestone is a collapse breccia or conglomerate similar to that noted at this horizon in the Sycamore Canyon, Kohl

19

Ranch and Tonto Creek sections.The Redwall limestone of Mississippian age is separated

from the overlying Naco limestone by an erosional unconformity with a relief of fifteen to twenty feet.

Erosion has not yet exposed the base of the Redwall limestone. The Redwall limestone at this locality is a massive, coarsely crystalline limestone containing a fauna that is very poorly preserved. No diagnostic forms were found.

The writer followed a traverse in measuring the Fossil Creek section different from that used by Huddle and Dobro- volny^k^ The new section is believed to be more complete.3T7 ' ™ "

Huddle, J. W., and Dobrovolny, E . , idem.

Spade Ranch section

i At Spade Ranch (fig. 2) is a partial section composed of the Corduroy "sand facies'* 1 member, the Fort Apache limestone, the Big "A" 'band facies" member, and a part of the Uak Creek member of the Supai formation, following the nomenclature established at Fossil Greek. A considerable portion of this section is concealed by vegetation.

The uppermost member, the corduroy "sand facies" member, is about ninety percent concealed under a timber studded, steep slope. Limited outcrops of reddish brown, very fine­grained sandstone and siltstone beds were found in some of the steeper gullies. This member is overlain by Tertiary basalt, an unknown thickness having been removed prior to volcanism.

The For;fc Apa<^e limestone: underlies tke Ctorduroy ••sandv r;V;facies”.,member and; is a cliff-forming series, of limestone : : ,

and calcareous siltstone beds. The limestone beds are dark gray, medium* crystalline, and they weather to a pitted surface.JNo fauna was^ found in the fort Apache limestone at this locality. The siltstone beds are light brown and highly calcareous.. - ; The;underlying Big ”A ” "sand facies“ member is predominantly composed of reddish brown very fine-grained sandstone.beds with some,siltstone units., ; , :

The base of the underlying Oak Creek member has not yet exposed by erosion at this locality. The member comprises alternating beds of light brown, very fine-grained sandstone and siltstone beds. :-- :

Washington Park section

At Washington Park, partial sections of the Corduroy "sand facies" and Big "A" "sand facies” members of the Supai formation occur. The only member completely represented is the Fort Apache limestone which lies between the other two.

Erosion has removed some of the upper portion of the Corduroy "sand facies" member. The part exposed consists of reddish brown and light brown very fine-grained sandstone and siltstone beds which are cross-bedded,in part.

The Fort Apache limestone comprises cliff-forming units of medium crystalline limestone and gray calcareous siltstones. No fossils were found in the Fort Apache limestone at this locality.

n

2 ^’I'Th'e Big - "A11 ^sand fablesM - member below the fort Apache limeatbhe is largely -ooBeealed"bn a steep, tree-studdedZslope.

■ ■ ■■: .'-:vav r ; -hKohl Bench section: — "i": r. :■ b -’r?: / ti c c;;ior or • n .1.1 c r

H irr'',A t '-^ h lr ^ c h ?'ie^a''‘-partiar>seetibhbbfv thev-Rabo,''-lliiieitone

of Pennsylvanian age. Measurement of the section was begun at a...zone. of., collapse breccia. and conglomerate which is thebasal-unit 'of-the Naco limestone- and it was continued - upwardwithout' offset:to the top of the hill.

The Kaeb'limestone consists of- medium-crystallinei gray limestone beds^ alternatingi with gray-1- silty: limestone: beds .A'few:light'brown siltstone units were/found through'the- section.' Limestones in the-lower poirtion* of the section contain a fauna of poor preservation. * - rcrr.av.cn f.ccvv. .. ; •'.'■» •* •-> ~ /• ci <- -■ '■m- • - -vi. -r . J -T-w, »s. - *V *

Tonto Creek section/h r , .. . .."j: . It - ; r L 2 . i t v 1 - 1 -~:l .t . l y .

. The Tonto”Gf eek section^was begun' at -the' Precambrian granite and continued-upward through the Precambrlan Mazatzal "group - the' Jereae formation, the Redwall limestone and endedwith the basal conglomerate which is considered the basal2i.bo .Urr*r r-v ,; cr.unit of the Naco limestone.

The Redwall-limestone lies under:the'collapse breccia ' or conglomerate- of- the Naco formation; It- consists of g r a y ' aphanitic limestone beds which weather to pitted surfaces and are noh-fossilif erous. " - "hbr 2cr,i.i il~a-;r: v 1 ....-'.rx /■.: : vr;:.!;- " 5 Be tween the Redwall lime atonal above j and the Mazatzal '-3 :• a

32

group of PreCambrian age.below, lies the Jerome formation— L -.> _»■ % > % -*<i, * «* «- J, .• t.*: •" -i * • -- •.>. " - •• «... - < '

of..Devonian..age.. The Jerome formation is represented by a1_..- *1,/ \ -X ' - , V M - » / . / . t ^ i.* L ... X+S ~~ .* (! ; v .* ■« -r #

light gray t o reddish .brown ..sandstone which is. conglomeratic# V.v », * * - ■*. . •* - - V *, •• i -*•. # V- a f -V ‘v-' ? ‘ ' . k t’>~ x * — ■ ■ * T * , --X- — —* V -

near the base, and. a series ,of sandstone and siltstone .beds.Stoyanow~/ reports .fish .remains of Upper -Devonian age at

.L /; 1'

Stoyanow, A. , (1942) Idem.npV 1270.; r ™. h.!.:: .:• n . ' j v V, v;:e

this locality, h^ex^r ,the,writM . c ^ i .fin^.no/Mails in. ,.the Devonian rocks.

The Mazatzal group lies between the Jerome formation above and the Precambrian granite below. It consists of a series of conglomerate, sandstone, claystone and siltstone beds listed in ascending order. A discussion of the relations of the Mazatzal group and the J erome formation which lies above was made earlier in this report.

The Precambrian granite is a greatly decomposed, partially metamorphosed granite which is highly faulted and fractured. The granite is overlain with nonconformity by the rocks of the Mazatzal group.

Babe Haught Ranch section

The Babe Haught Ranch section (fig. 2) consists of the Corduroy "sand facies" member, the JJ'ort Apache limestone, and a part of the Big "A* "sand facies" member of the tiupai formation. Here, as at other localities along the Mogollon Rim, the section is largely concealed beneath timber-studded slopes.

33

The Corduroy "sand facies* member lies under the Coconino, sandstone of Permian age. . ; -i v,

•: The Jort Apache limestone crops put in a vertlpalg cliff' ■ _ ibelow the Corduroy "sand- facies'? member. It consists of

■■beds of gray aphanitic limestone and highly calcareous silt- stone. No fossils were found in this member at.this locality

Vjhe Big "A" "sand facies?’ member which lies below the Fort Apache limestone;is largely concealed, under a steep tree cov@r@cl - — — - ---

h-";:

'- l ,11.. T'/Jr

. /-err: -

3:1 < o: 7: -

:7'7,'7 - A 77/ , % 3 37371':"-: r ::'3/n : " 3.,: -7 ' ' 3C cr'-:

3X3 V X: ' "3‘.

M

STATISTICAL STUDIES OF THE SUPAI FORMATION-.:ru '-;Vf -■ v v X C C v u O ,

Laboratory work was begun at the Museum of NorthernC:5-:; uv;.,'.:': ‘ v: vVvX;,Arizona, Flagstaff, Arizona, during the summer of 1950 between trips into the field, and completed in the fall of-1950 and^ the spring of 1951*- -1 -u : v:’ .

T h e :color of rook specimens collected during the ~measurement of detailed sections was determined by the standard color chart— /. Textural descriptions follow

"Rock-color chart". Prepared by the Rock-color chart committee. Distributed by the National Research council, Washington, D. C., 1948.

the standards established by Wentworth— The classification44/ ” ’ " ' ~

Wentworth, C. K., Methods of mechanical analysis of sediments, Univ. of Iowa Studies, Vole 11, no.•11, p. 24* 1926.

of sorting evolved by Payne— ' has been followed in theH 7 ' ,, ; ; 1

• Paynev- T*lG.* Stratigraphicsi ahalysls and environment reconstruction. Bull. Am.. Assoc. Petroleum Geologists, Vol. 26, no. 11, pp. 1697-1770/ 1942.

... --TX ..T'.:' : .. . - .'I1 : '.L iVY .7' v c 1 ' V* ■'description of measured sections. . . . , ......A field scale for the classification of cement was.. ' /adopted by the writer and used in writing descriptions ofmeasured sections..It Involves the relative effervescenceIn response to dilute hydrochloric acid. The cement was classified as highly calcareousV calcareous, weakly

calcareous, and non™calcareous.. • f

Gross-bedding study . 2;Statistical emalyses of cross-bedding were made at

three localities. Horse Mesa,West Clear creek and Washington Park (fig. 2). A statistical study of the cross-bedded units in any stratum yields two types of evidences (1) the direction of movement bf depositing medium, (2) the agent

v*..and environment of deposition.

Most' of the cross-bedding bhserved in the field may- ■ be placed into three types, *asymmetrical festoon", "low- angle compound", and "torrential"— / Thirty random readings

McKee, E. D., Classification and interpretation of cross-lamlnatloh, (abstract)s Bull.Geol. Soc. Am., Vol. 59, p. 1378, 1948.

were taken in each locality in order to determine the average direction of dip for the cross-bedded unit.

For each area examined, the thirty readings were plotted on polar coordinate paper following the technique of Weir— The number of readings that falls within even

Weir, Gordon W . , Geologist, Minerals Branch, U. S .Gobi. Survey, personal cowsmanicatibn, 1951. ~ ; 1

ten degrees of azimuth are graphically shown on the polar coordinate paper. The summation is made of the positive (») and negative (-) sine functions around the polar coordinate

36

paper, weighting the 'reiptfctiv4' function of the median’ between each of the tern degree intervals by the number of measurements included in the interval. This same process is used for the positive (♦) and negative (*) cosine functions. The azimuth of the average direction of dip ( °^.) is that angle whose tangent is equal to the sum of the sines divided hy the sum of the cosines, as follows:

■ . V f. j "■ J - . U . ‘ • Tan o < a ^ s i n - c :■

£L-cos

The quadrant in which the'resultaht falls is thsn determined by Inspection of the signs (positive or negative) of the respective resultant sines and cosines. From simple 1 trigonometry, the sine is positive (♦) in quadrants I and IV; the cosine is positive (♦) ih quadrants I and II, i.e.j

''• . ' T i • *

sin ♦v. o - i h i . ::, : 003 ^ .008 *

- aln - sin >--cos -

; a

- r :

r-

The average degree of dip is ,simply the arithmetic.-Li.mean of the sum of the dips. '

The consistency factorZ(FQ) is aJiimasure of the reliability with which any one measurement approximates the azimuth. It is obtained mathematically through the followingv ~r v L ■ : Vr-r n C ' . ; : : -l \ ,' ::: :,L.' .. ' -

formulas - r ( g aln)2 f ( £ oo»)2 io • of measurements

V /

37

The consistency factor was high, 1. e., greater than .50 at all of the locations studied.

Results obtained by means of the above technique are shown in figures 3, 4, and 5.

Mechanical analysis study

Mechanical analyses based on percentage weight ofthe various grain sizes were made on representative samples

' ■ .. .

taken from members immediately above and below the Fort Apache limestone. A comparison of results from analyses made of specimens of the lower members is not effective because only one measured section Included these lower members. ;:

These analyses were detersdLned by means of the "Tyler Standard Screen Scale" sieve series— ^ and the data

W "Twenhofel, W. H., and Tyler, S. A., Methods of study of sediments, McGraw-Hill Book Go., pp. 47-48, 1941.

obtained from mechanical analyses are represented in the form, of simple histograms (fig. 6).

Summary of Physical properties

Studies of cross-bedding (figs. 3, 4, and 5) indicate deposition toward the south and southeast. The mechanical analysis study (fig. 6) indicates relative uniformity of grain size and good sorting of the clastic„materlals.

5DIP A^B'UTHS OF CROSS -LAI.' IK AT IOKS

REGIONAL DIP LESS THAN NO CORRECTION UNIT 13 HORSE VESA SECTION (BELOV.1 APACHE)

30 READINGSEACH DIVISION EQUALS ONE V SA 3VR 5'BNT RESULTANT DIF DIRECTION: 3 43° 3

CONSISTENCY FACTOR: .59AVERAGE DEGREE OF SIP: 13°

Figure 3 Circular graph showing number of reasureirentswithin each ten degrees of arc: Horse Vesa•

N

b

DIP AZITOTHS OF CROSS-LAMINATIONS REGIONAL DIP LESS THAN 5°, NO CORRECTION

UNIT 22 WEST CLEAR CREEK SECTION (ABOVE APACHE)20 READINGS

EACH DIVISION EQUALS ONE MEASUREMENT RESULTANT DIP DIRECTION: 5 65° K

CONSISTENCY FACTOR: .6)AVERAGE DEGREE OF DIP: 17°

Figure 4- Circular graph showing number of measurementswithin each ten degrees of arc: West Clear Creek.

N

tiDIP AZB.'UTHS OF CROSS-LAMINATIONS

REGIONAL DIP LESS THAN 3°, NO CORRECTION UNIT 14 WASHINGTON PARK SECTION (ABOVE APACHE)

)0 READINGSEACH DIVISION EQUALS ONE KEASURSTENT RESULTANT DIP DIRECTION: 3 58° E

CONSISTENCY FACTOR: .65AVERAGE DEGREE OF DIP: 16°

Figure 5. Circular graph showing number of measurementswithin each ten degrees of arc I Washington Park.

1.000

90

ea

il

111p

1 1 1 1O o O lA CVJ OJ O O A CXJ JD vO O Lf\ CU H O O♦ • e • e •

O O O A CM CUO O ir\ cxj ud oO lA (\J r-4 O O

8o70

60

50

40

50

20

10

0

1

I

M

O O O U\ CM CU O O If\ CU <£> xOo ir\ OJ r-« o O«—4 I

O O u\ CU x0 JD O UN OJ H O Or4 I

wcc - 15

O O un cxj cuO UN CM vO xOLf\ CM r-< O O• . • • •I

SP - 17

•£'

I-

|■S281 ; 1

4%■O O O UN CU CM O O UN CU xO xO O UN CM H O O• • • • . •r-4 I

>on __FC -z

80

70

60 150

40 ’

50

201 n.L U

0 08O O O UN CM cm O O UN CU O UN CU ^4 0 0• • • • • • t—i I

i

i£2.lZ

O O O UN CM CMO O UN CM xOO UN CM H O O• • • • • •»—< IF?. o 6,

s > “*/» Apaohe r rr.b r, 1 cwA r f out bp low Adpc Th^ abbrc* ‘ ed section T'" fc11 u

42

- ■ ":.... Stratlgraphlo relatlonahlpa :, .;., ■ ; 'ofi theSupal formation of central Arizona

7.: ' . r 7\ , ;• C i t ; r . - : W v .. . : , 7;vv^.7..„ ,• 7 V . C : . % j v - j . :. 1 Y i - 7 l . 7 " ' - 7-

PREVIOUS INVESTIGATIONSl

The atratal relationships of the Supal formation have7*'i : = ' 7 ' ; - 7 . c.-:, r i A_ , - :"been under discussion for many years. Barton**' introduced.'■'V. : -'.v'-:.- v:.:.. f ;;7 : : ■ d ..r:;: c7 7.“ 7'.ir: : 7 - o-".H7 Barton, N. H., A reconnaissance of parts of south- : western New Mexico and northern Arizona, U. S. Geol. Survey Bill. 455, p r 257 1910. -.. “. " V ; ' : : -• . 7-1-?-: c7 7 --n . l.- . : :7.-. 7-v ? ( 7 : - .

■ C j :: . ' V';. J. , 7 0 7 , i O', '•-"C ■the term Supal formation for a series of sandstones andshales, ;the type locality being in. Havasu Canyon* The for- ; : mation was redefined by Noble— ^ in 1922,. the. top 300; feet ;

W ' “Noble, L. F. ,. A section of the Paleozoic formations of the Grand Canyon at the Bass Trail, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 131-B,pp. 59-62, 1922.

" - - ■' '-^ ^ ■ • " ' ■ ■ • "O.l - 7i ", -.7 .i:: -v.; A /

of red beds being removed from the Supal and made a separate formation,: the Hermit shale. Noble was inclined to regard the entire Supal (redefined) as probably of Pennsylvania# age. About 250 feet of Pennsylvanian strata which had formerly been included with the Redwall- limestone of. Mississippian age were added to the base- of the Supal. In a later publication. Barton*®' states that asthe limestones exposed near Fort5 1 / ' .. .. I n 7 ^ " .vh ^ ' ’ :• f

Barton, N. H.,. A. resume* of Arizona geology, Univ. Ariz. Col. Mines, Bull. 119, p. 84, 1925* : 7

Apache contain Manzano fossils, most, if not all, of the red

beds of the Supai formation are Permian in age. ; LongwellS^/feS/-:- ’ xv- /; v m ../, l i e

Longwell, 0. R., Geology of the Muddy Mountains, Nevada, U. Si Geol. Survey, lull. 798, p. " ST, 19^. 1' : :,

through paleontological sidles In western Arizona indicates

Supai formation. The upper and middle parts of this formationare considered to be terrestrial deposits by W h i t e * ' e In a

-.'v-'h-vicr :-u- - '.:r. vo rx -53/ "

White/ David, Flora of the Hermit shale. Grand Canyon, Arizona, Carnegie Inst. Wash., Publ. 405, p. 10, 1929.

' T : 1 : Vf- , v i*. - r x : X. • . -x.:, , .x •- l ,

recent paper devoted to the oil and gas possibilities of centraland northwestern Arizona, Huddle and DobrovolnyS&/ Indicate54/ ' '

Biddle, J. W . , and Dobrovolny, E., idem.

that the Supai formation transgresses time planes and probably ranges in age from Des Moines (Pennsylvanian). through Leonard (Permlsh). : Cx-.--'- v x -

The Supai formation has been used in recent years as athesis problem for student a of geology working toward advanced

i;' l-~ px-p-x x. :pp; PL _.P,jkS/of Columbia University, made a study ofdegrees,

w

Winters*:• p v

Winters, 8. S.,. idem.

the Supai formation in the Port Apache area in the summers of 1947-1948i - Hughes— /, of the University of Arizona, studied5 6 / p x - ; X x..:; r . ' x . . . P vi i :.P " . V V ' - \ ; . ■ - x .p ; f -

Hughes, P. W . , idem.

the Supai formation; In the Chino Valley area during the summers of 1948-1949. The area of this present study, lies as a connecting link between these two localities.

■ : "-i ; : : : . : k •> ■ *, ;i - !STRATIGRAPHIC RELATIONSHIPS:

i<-r

A . '

c11*■ -V

It u

*■ <

A series of nine measured stratigraphic sections was made in the area studied (fig. 2). Attention was givento the relations of rock units to faunal zones, of marine

: '2 •to non-marine facies, of cyclic sedimentation, and of

: ! I ■ ; :sedimentation in relation to transgression and regression.: I : . :

A section at Fossil creek was measured along a traverse: : ' M • : • • c7/different from that followed by Huddle and Dobrovolny*^'

ffCM

Huddle, J. W . , and Dobrovolny, E., idem.

as the new location appeared to contain a more completely exposed sequence of Pennsylvanian and Permian rocks. Correlation and comparison of the Fossil Creek section with

ssythe Oak Creek Canyon section of McKee--' to the west, and the

McKee, E. D., personal communication, 1950.

composite section of Winters— / at port Apache to the eastH 7 “ : “ :

Winters, S. S., idea.

vV' :•is shown in figure 7. , ;

Supai strata in the area studied are essentially flat-lying. Gentle northerly dips up to a maximum of five degrees

F i g . 7

S upai

feet

Naco formation shown completely limestone for contrast. FOSSIL CREEK

reflects its topographic expression.

46

have been aeas^edV^ • The formation eon's!ate of alternating beds of very fine-grained’ sandstone, siltstone, mudstone, limestone, and' cl ay at one; i The llthologi c; unite of the Supai reflect the envlromwnt: of a stable to mildly, unstable depositibnai shelf§2^ and the supai formation is considered66/ - nv-'< r: t - r .~ i c..-

. Dapples, D. C., Krumbein, W. C», and Sloss, L. L., -Tectonic control of lithologic assoclatIona, Am. Assoc. :- ,Petroleum Geologists Bull., Vol. 52, no. 10, pp. 1924- 1947, 1 9 4 8 W-.: ;-'.v "h 1

r: ! ■.. . . /to be deltaic— ' in origin. As a result of the study of

" v - C :-r 'I l l r r i . yr.-.ov?.

LhlHughes,' P.1 W. , idem, p. 34.' r- t-'v vilb;cross-lamination surfaces in the Supai formation of northernArizona, McKee— indicates that the probable direction. 2'.--;r::'esvnc,-v:; .,y ^”or- V': - :: n;:.- •W "

Lv-McKee; ;1. D., Three typas of cross-lamination in

Paleozoic, rocks of northern Arizona, Am. Jour. Sci., Vol. 238/ p. 822/ 1940. rr.-'; cl Vl:- ;c

v>,. OcCin which the sediment was transported was toward the south-■•'"-■r Cyny.ry y. .v.‘c , / ly-r.-cccC-■ c::cr,'-: :: ccc'i.l i .:c->h;:cc toand southeast. Hughes— ' reports an average direction of

■ v - ; -w U ly . . . i: ; , - i . r " I t t d t c t t l;u ':h

'Hughe s; • P. Mil > idem: "p. ” 36; ' \ •: n tan:ft* the rt.-tlc cc Ictvt:

dip for the upper portion of the Supai formation to bet t:... ' t ’: *-U- t o d o ototo.-or fv r ri C 2 • 0 : :

toward the south and southwest. Three cross-bedding studies;" t . ; c t c tc y o o :t: .- '0 /.t:o .a o f tot.-, t : - , t - t t : ; ' ’ r.;: v,,

in upper Supai strata made by the writer show a southeasterlytrv V.: t', at Co, ' “Co-trend in the average direction of dip (figs. 3, 4, and 5.)•• . ' -" a c : r ; t ; t v c r - 1 a ; r . o t „ ' C t c o t - o C t t

W : :W :

47/7/ - • - //

i - ! r u ,l,v ^ - r : ^ r r i 1McKee ; divided the Sup&i f oraaticm dn Oak i Creek /Canyon / /....'■/. . /-/

into three meaberi^ Member A consists of-the cliff—for^ng/ ' / : L / ' l ' ' lJ' J / ' /

/: ; - , / ; . 1 Gupper sandstones;.‘member B is composed of ledge-slope forming•; ! ' I ' -7.n ■ 7 .7-7 rsiltstones and sandstones; member C; isia massive cliff and r

:: )

;% ! ''/•7ledge formed by the lower sandstones. . , . , ^ , ,; 7 -7 ' r 7 . 7

Winters recognizes four members in the Supai formation! "1:7 : . •' " 7 r - ■' : ! ’■ I : 'in the Fort Apache-area farther east. These are the Corduroy,i >2 : ■ !:■ - i • ' i

Fort Apache limestone. Big "A ” , and Amos Wash members (fig.7),

: - i

?■named for the localities where described. 7 The Corduroy *

i h- , i : : ■ - imember of Winters, ..the Fort Apache limestone of Stoyanow, and| 7-- Q~ v> ; ' . ' 7 ' ' f ■■ i ;the three members(of McKee are; recognized in the area studied’ ;7J - : : i ’ :by the writer."-. ; ' :| xr : : : .

At the' Fos'sill Creek locality. Winters* Corduroy member"2 ! 1 -is representedvt>y a sandstone facies,

IIn the same area, the

Fort Apache limestone is much thinner than it is farther east,I l/j | : ;; . i

but remains a limestone facies. The thinning of the Fort: I -| 3 : ‘

Apache limestone continues northwestward through the Oak ': D- 5 . ' 7 "Creek Canyon section but at Sycamore Canyon still farther to

"—j TT ' ! . : -the west it is^misslng (fig. 8). : The Big "A" and Amos Wash

1 -Lj ... , ; • • t- ,j % ‘f r - •" • • :members of Winter a/are represented by an undiffermtlated sand facies at Fossil Creek, probably the result of lateral grade-.

< ' ■ ' - : V : • ' J ;

tlon such as that in the Corduroy member above. The weak-eledge-slope topographic expression of the underlying n

at Fossil Creek has optimum development at Oak Creek; tbs termOak Greek member is retained for the Fossil Creek section.

V I

1; "i i V

: !

GENERALIZED SURA! SECTION Fi«- 8S-EASTERN NEVADA ------------- FORT APACHE, ARIZONA

SPRING MTS. NEVADA

GRAND WASH ARIZONA

GRAND CANYON BLACKSTATION MESA

_______ ' - ' ' •* •*—*• »/. *.• ; * • '* C~°r U-'0)rJ***

t~r LimeeteneIt-Vv'yj Sondstone | silttton* a Mudstone

Dote for western portion of distrain from E. D. McKee, pereenel eommwnleetlow.

Formotlome above Svpel B Hermit shale not shown.

49

The Packard ranch member has optimum expression and development at Sycamore Canyon, and la recognizable both at Oak Creek Canyon amd at Fossil creek, although not at Fort Apache. Winters found a clear separation of the Amos Wash member and the Naco formation in the Fort Apache area.

Figure 8 represents a generalized section of the Supal formation from Spring Mountains, Nevada, to Fort Apache, Arizona. The traverse of figure 8 is shown as a broken line on the index map (fig. 1). The facies changes in the members of the Supai are readily apparent, though some of the relation­ships laterally across this area are open to question. ’

PENNSYLVANIAN-FERMIAN RELATIONSHIPS1

Huddle and Dobrovolny— / place the contact of the

Huddle, J. W. , and Dobrovolny, E., idem. : ,

Pennsylvanian Naco limestone and the overlying'Supal formation above a sequence of gray limestone and shale beds, and below a sequence of beds consisting of sandstone, shale and some limestone. In Winters* opinion, this is an arbitrary division which unnaturally divides a continuous sequence of similar lithology and faunal assemblage. Winters raises the Pennsyl­vanian-Permian boundary 410 feet above that proposed by Huddle and Dobrovolny. The uppermost bed of the Naco of Winters is a gray, thin-bedded limestone, ripple-marked and fossiliferous. This limestone is overlain by gray and reddish

50

brown claystones which grade upward into non-calcareous alltstone and sandstone beds. j

Through the Identification of Tusullnids, Winters establishes a Virgil (latest Pennsylvanian) age for the upper Waco. This Is especially Interesting upon consideration of the fauna found farther west. The highest foaslllferou# ; stratigraphic unit of the Waco at Fossil Creek yields fossils of Des Moines age (flgi 7). Both this zone and that repre­sented by the Fort Apache limestone (Permian)above serve as approximate time planes from Fossil Creek to Fort Apache. The lithologic assemblages between these zones clearly Indicate conditions of off-lap or regression during late Pennsylvanian- - early Peraiah time. ' C2 :;; < .v : r •" ■; ^

Whether transgressive or regressive deposits fom-in any area normally depends upon relative rates of sinking and sedimentation^/; When sinking predominates, there is trans-6 5 / 7 . .

Sears, Hunt, said Hendricks, Transgressive and regressive Cretaceous deposits in southern San Juan Basin, New Mexico,TJ. S. Qeol. Survey, Prof. Paper 193-F, p. 104, 1938.************* » V . ^. - . r / t ^ -6- , ^ * 1 -• , • ^ S. _ ' v‘ • . t. % - v :

gresslon; when sedimentation predominates, regressive deposits are the result. Thus, the regressive deposits of Pennsylvanian- Permian age in the Fossil Creek-Fort Apache area Indicate a dominance of sedimentation over basin sinking.

Hughes^/ reports Lower Pennsylvanian fossils from theee/ ;Hughes, P. W. , idem, pp. 54-36. : r ;

51

Black Mesa area near Chino Valley and expresses belief that the fossiliferous member thickens to the west. Conditions of marine off-lap exist in western Arizona (fig. 8), a con­dition resulting from a regressive Pennsylvanian sea similar to that shown in the eastern half of Arizona.

The Packard ranch'member of the Supai formation, arenaceous at the type locality, is more calcareous eastward. Buddie ■’ . — ; ' : gw/ ' ' ' , ' ,and Dobrovolny— ' acknowledge that the Naco and Supai form-677 ' '

Buddie, J. W. , and Dobrovolny, E., idem. 1

ations may interfinger in some parts of Arizona. A means of establishing correlation between contemporary facies, regardlessof their lithologic differences, is the intertonguing of dis-

' • - :: : ■ : : - % . 6 a / ; : ■ •tinct facies as seen in the outcrop— . It is suggested here557

Dunbar, C. 0., A study in facies, Geol.Soc.Amer. Bull., Vol. 52, pp. 313—332, 1941.

that the Packard ranch member is an example of this Inter­tonguing. The Packard ranch member is not represented at - port Apache (fig, 7); the Amos Wash member of Winters contains no limestones, prom the foregoing it appears that the Packard ranch member of Oak creek and Fossil Creek intertongues with the Naco of Winters. It is evident, therefore, that the Packard ranch member of the Supai formation is of a Pennsylvanian age.It is further suggested that the siltstone interval of the Oak Creek member at Fossil Creek is represented by the limestone

52

facies of Winters' upper naco at Fort Apache. The off-lap facies change of sandstone to siltstone to limestone within the limiting Apache and Das Moines time planes is a factor favoring this suggestion.

In a discussion of recent deltas, Russell and Russell— /W

Russell, R. J., and Russell, R. D., Mississippi, River Delta sedimentation (Part 3, Deposits associated with strand line), Symposium, "Recent Marine Sediments", Am. Assoc. Petroleum Geologists, 1939. .........................:... 1state that the most characteristic feature of large deltas appears to be the intertonguing of marine and continental sediments plus a thickened section in the zone of inter­tonguing, the latter resulting from combined subsidence and deposition in the distal portion of the subaerial delta. The greater thickness of the Fossil Creek section (fig. 7) is, perhaps, a result of this Intertonguing of the continental andmarine sediments. From figure 8 it is evident that from theiSycamore Canyon locality eastward, the continental deposits ofr sand and silt begin to intermingle with the marine sedi­ments farther east.Yn-?: - Summary and conclusions

The Supai formation of central Arizona is an advancing deltaic deposit from the north of Pennsylvanian-Permian age which has caused a regression of the Pennsylvanian sea toward the south and southeast due to sedimentation exceeding sub­sidence in the area.

53

Subdivision of the Supai formation in central Arizona into members of considerable areal extent is recommended. The Packard ranch and Oak Creek members as outlined in this report are equivalent to the upper part of the Uaco formation as described by Winters, and are considered Pennsylvanian in age. : ; ^

, u/::

FAUNAL LISTS FOR LOCALITIESj . ■ : :.V', ;f ’ i ' JThe faunas eolleeted .from the:f©Hewing localities

contain both,ai*gh#atlhjaa&?tfahslf6ry forms. The Des Moines indicial forms are shown below with an asterisk (*). Identification of fossils was made through comparison with illustrations and written descriptions after Shimer and Shrock22/ and Dunbar and' Condra^^. r207

Shimer and Shrook, Index fossils of North America, Technology Press, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1944.2 jL / . Jy." 1 onDunbar and Gondra, Brachiopoda of the Pennsylvanian System in Nebraska, Nebraska Ueol. Survey, Bull.- 5,, Sec;:-2, 1932. * * 3 * * * 7 * 9 10 11

.■■■v :::y. '".r: l ' V i ' • or .-.i.’:-'-'-r ;;-^7 .::ly ■-v yThe faunal suites collected by the writer during the field

seasonrare deposited with the Museum of Northern Arizona, Flag­staff- A r i z o n a . ......— .

:.y: y y : l : ' VO;' j ■ - c % y y y : . ; y ‘ 'FOSSIL CREEK

' : . 7,:’' - •* ■: l :IV Chonetes sp. :: 2. Composita ovata

3. composite subtlllta - .. 4.; Delocrinus ofr subhemlsphericus. 5• #ueulinias•(not sectioned)

6;"^Mnopgoduottts:;:of-g7prattenianus7. Lophophy 11idium sp., ,- o» MarginIfera ofr ~murlcatina

9. Neosplrifer cfr earneratus10. splrlfer occidentalism11. Spiriter rockymontahus*

55

KOHL RANCH LOCALITY

_ 1* perbya ap. (fragments) .--, 2; ; Li noproduct us efr, pratt enlanua >

u : :ro 3«. dplrlfer rocEymbntanus^ = ••••.; 1v.r>• „ . f u . s t e m s '-H, . A c::' y-yi /zc or j

- LOCALITY'

..... ......"iv • ComposIta byata1-0--- T' ; : ' 2 : domposita' sufatlllta

, 3. Horn porals (poor preservation)*•"" ' ' — ' * •- ' " • i • , • -- - : -• ’ * *■ 3 >■ •• . * ' j . » 1 ■*-- v ' - Cl": ' ' < 1*1 U .1 L 4 .

V • - . L '» - * , » v. , c

7- - *. 1M03 WASH L0UAL1TY U :t; \ •- 1 . ,7. Tcy, 1

Location■' c'nn'':'V7 ': " " C " ■ Iloilo' ’-W-' — 33°44>20" N

" ' ' ' ' *' - ■ ' r - ‘ •■v ’ » - - •, . , ■ ' » - L / V , __ ‘

The Amos wash locality of Winters^/ was visited by the.• ' - i - - . - . . i • r c r c c -L e , c. . - i: : ,c

w Winters, ti. a ., idem. ID': 1V;T.:7- \ ..y 7 r _ f; 7! C 7

writer and the following fauna was collected and identified:uv-.a !.u. < Chonetes sp. > & l C'zo: c --tcctir-r

- 2. Composite - ovate' c-r.T z-i .=. ai.L '’c-t v.:;-.v, ; composllm subtllita'-- -- n:'ui c-;- PrcX

4.f Berpya so. (fragments)Kohlnoconchua semipunctatus*

- 6. ‘ifennesteliids inot 'Identified) -- X ; cl I :; 7 P - 7 Llnoproductus prattenianu# :-ru' c - Pucv;-v::n• v . r o:: g # Margin if era of r muricatlna

9. keospirlfer efr cameratua ,7--'-lOv.. dpirlfer rockymontanus*’' P ^T '» ?• < ( :i •=.* ’ > ' -- ■^ V x. -* -.7, . C * ^ v ■, ^ w A 7 *. ^ % -4 -w* w*-.JL x. '4 ^ * -7 *j» - ■, > - < ' » ' i . -.*JJ 4.

l-rqi-ublishod;, ’Pr.ivrv.-ii-v of 7tl; t

7 o ; : . r i o r t A . , C h e t : , v : : r. " : ... % c t J . - . o f r i o -C l: : . : : u f c h c■: -.oc'.-c/f c f;i ifc. c <. " c-:A: ; ■ or v f c Vr:' ror Wi'-i-i, APt-ur, uf:-:-!, . "/o'. A/, ;0 / ■ -«

.n: X , r VOre

7 r. or 0:Pc, V? s no, 7

56

BIBLIOGRAPHY :o v.-

D a p p l e s , C . ", Krumbein, W. C ., and albas , L. L . , Tectoniccontrol of lithologic associations, Am..Assoc. Petroleum

, -Geologists, Bull., vol. 32, .no. 10, 1948. , _ - : ;Darton, N. H., A reconnaissance of parts of southwestern

New Mexico and northern Arizona, u. t>. ueol. survey .._ J ^ U l l . 435 , 1910' . : r; V f

-----r— — — , A - resumef of Arizona geology, Univ.Arlz. *dol. Mines, Bull. 119, 1925.

Dunbar, :G. 0;, A study in facies', Gebl.‘ Sob. Amer. Bull., "v o i . 32; 1941; '■ " •'1 ‘ .-’ ■ - ' . •— , and Gondra, Brachlopod# of the Pennsylvanian System in Nebraska, Nebraska Geoli, Survey', Dull. 5, Sec. 2, 1932. ^ J

Fenneman, N: M . , Physiographic Provinces of western United States, McGraw-Hill Book uo., 1931.

Gutschiok, H. C . T h e Kedwall limestone, Ph.D thesis lin publication), Univ. of ill., 1942. ,;' ' : ; .

Hinds, N. JK. A. , sp-Archean and ep-Algonkian intervals in western North America, uarnegie Inst, wash., Publ.: 463, 1935; ; v r:/ "

Huddle, J. W., and Dobrovolny, B . , Late Paleozoic stratigraphy and"oil,and.gas possibilities of central.and northwestern A r i z o n a u . s. Geoli Survey,' Oil and Gas Invest. Prelim.

. Chart 10, 1943. , 7Hughes, P; W . , History of the Supai formation in Black Mesa,

Yavapai County. Arizona.' Plateau. Museum of Northern Arizona, Vol. 22, ho. 2, 1 H ? *

— — , The stratigraphy of the Supai formation in the Chino Valley area, Yavapai County.Arizona,.MS thesis (unpublished), University of Arizona^ 1950.

J ohnston r*:w. A . ,. Charac t ef of t h e . s t r a t if i cat ion of "the: V::' :sediments in the recent delta of the Fraser River, B . C.‘, Jour.' Geol., Vol. 30, no 2, 1922.

Kryninej P.-D., The origin' of hed bbds, Trans^'N^ Y. Acadi ' Set.; Series II, Vol. 2, no. 3, 1949.

57

Longwell, Cv R., Geology of the Muddy Mountains, Nevada, U. S. Geol. Survey, 798> 1928.

McKee, B. D;1, The Coconino sandstone, Carnegie?ihst. of : - = Wash., Publ. No. 440j 19J4. ' ’ :

— ------— — , Three types of cross-lamination in Paleozoicrooks of "'Northern Arizona, Amer. Jour. of Sci., Vol.

238, 1940. ’:: r: ;; v : - • v : ';- •■■■' i n— ---— ^ Classification and interpretation of cross--

lamination, (abstract): Bull.,'Geol. aoc. Am,, Vol. 99,: P . 1378, 1946. . .... : . .Noble, L. F., The Shinumo quadrangle, Grand Canyon district,

Arizona, U. S. Gaol. Survey, Bull., 949, 1914.— — A section of the Paleozoic formations of the

Grand Canyon at the Bass Trail, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 131-B, 1922. . - - ' ; ; ' • I :

Payne, T. G., Stratigraphical analysis and environmentreconstruction, Bull. AmL Assoc. Petroleum Geologists, Vol. 26, no. 11, 1942. - • : '

Ran some, ■*. L., Geology and ore deposits of the Bisbee "quadrangle, Arizonaj U . S . Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 21, 1904. .

— — -------— , Some Paleozoic sections of Arizona and theircorrelation, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 98K, 1916.Reiche, P ' . A n analysis of cross-lamination: > The*Coconino

sandstone, Jour. Geol., Vol. 46, no. 7, 1938.'<-U , i:.- - .. r v;;.;. . : v "'s: '■ r;. yRussell, h. j;, and R u s s e l l M i s s i s s i p p i River

delta sedimentation (Part 3k, Deposits associated with ■strand line), Symposium, "Recent Marine Sediments",Am. Assoc; Petroleum Geologists, 1939. :..V n .

Sears, Hunt, and Hendricks, Transgressive and regressive Cretaceous deposits in southern San Juan Basin, New Mexico, XT. S. Geol. Survey, Prof. Paper 193-F, 1938.

Shimer, H. W., and Shrock, &., Index Fossils of North America, Technology Press, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1944.

Smith, H. V., The climate of Arizona, Univ. Arlz. Col. Agr., Bull. 197, 1949.

58

Stoyanove, A. A., Certain aspects of Devon!c in Arizona (abstract): Pan-Am. Geol.; Vol. 53, no. 4, 1930.

- ** . . , .------------ — , Correlation of Arizona Paleozoic formations,

Geol. Soo. Am. Duii . t Tol. 47, no. 4, 1936.------- — — — , Paleozoic paleogeography of Arizona, ^eol.

Soc. •%!. Bull., Vol. 53, no. 9, 1942.Tomlinson, C. W . , A study of the conditions of origin of the

permo-Carboniferous and Triassic red beds of the western United States, Jour. Geol., Vol. 24, 1916.

Twenhof el, W. H . , and Tyler, -4. s Methods of study of sediments, McGraw-Hill Book Co., 1941.

Weir, Gordon W . , Geologist, Minerals Branch, U. s. Geol. Survey, personal communication, 1951.

Wentworth, 0. K i , Methods of mechanical analysis of sediments, Univ. of Iowa Studies, Vol. 11, no. 11, 1926.

White, David, Study of the fossil floras in the Grand uanyon Arizona, Carnegie Inst. Wash. Yearbook 27, 1927-28.

-— •— — ■— -» Flora of the Hermit shale, Grand Ganyon, Arizona, Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 405, 1929.

Wilson, 35. D . , Proterozoic Mazatzal quartzite of central Arizona, Pan-Am. Geol., Vol. 38, no. 4, 1922.

----- — — — , Pre-Cambrian Mazatzal revolution in centralArizona, Geol. Soc. Am., Bull., Vol. 50, 1939.

Winters, S. a., Ph.D. thesis (unpublished) Columbia University, and personal communication, 1950.

"Rock-color chart", Prepared by the Rock-color chart committee.. Distributed by the National Research Council, Washington,D. C., 1948.

59

DESCRIPTION OF MEASURED SECTIONS

Tertiary basalts

HORSE MESA SECTION ; V: 111045»15M W — 34o45«40n Ni r ; Measured,by R. L. Jackson

' ■ v;,; ~ ; A ;; a ; ; ;:;v, A a ’ - l ii V ' : -■ ** j: ?. . ' '• /. - -■

•i’ -> v •• »> 1- * e ww

f ' " . ■ ? ^ *#■;-' * .1 ’ " " 1 ■

Li:/.: :ro

;r; :a.• ’ ",;, t A ;;

Feet

'• /' v":Supai-Tertiary basalt contacts

of low relief (3* - 5*)• .' / i : ' • • •’ . • .

eroatonal unconformity

-'A

20.

19.

Supai formation;"A* menber (after McKee); ; A.

23. Sandstones .light .brown; fine-grained; cementweak, friable, weakly calcareous; medium-scale

. cross-laminations; weathers smooth rounded;forms cliff *, • #■ *'••••• . •. . . . . . . * . . .« . #

22. Sandstone; light brown; very fine-grained;cement weak, calcareous; very-thin irregular

— ... bedding; base gradational; forms cliff. . . . *21. Sandstone; same lithology as unit # 20, but

forms rounded cliffs. *- •' • . •■ •> * . « ;.■ • •Sandstone; light brown; very fine-grained; cement weak; irregular thin - lw) bedding; weathers smooth; fprms long rolling slope • • • Concealed: long flat slope. . . . . . . . . . .A.-• ;'A ; ;■ ... : A. - :X. 'V V A■-"A" a :l - . A . . - , c v . ; : : •A l,. Total incomplete "A" member

mB w member (after McKee);18. Sandstones light brown; very fine-grained; ,

medium-scale cross-laminations etch out; weathers smooth; forms prominent cliff1 . • • • Sandstone; very pale orange; very fine-grained; cement weak, calcareous; thin flat bedding; weathers smooth; forms slope. . . . . . . . . • Sandstone: same as unit # 11, except bedding•&rt - 2 ’; forms ledge slope........... • • • • •Sandstone; same as unit # 9 • • • • ...........Conglomerate: same as ualtKL2 . v . . . . . . . Sandstone: same as unit # 9 • • • • • . • • • . 22.0 Conglomerate:

Matrix; Siltstone; pale reddish brown;A cement firm, non-calcareous; argillaceous

material common;Gravel: Limestone and siltstone pebbles

(1/8" - ); subrounded;Unit forms weak gnarly ledge. • • • • ......... 1.0

11. Sandstone: pale reddish brown; very fine­grained; thin flat bedding; cement firm, non­calcar eous; forms ledge . . . . . . . . . . 16.5

17.

16.15.14.13.12.

70.0

30.0 193.0

302.038.5

633.5

A , v

16.5

1.072.5 5.5 1.0

60

10.9.

8.

7.

6;5.

4.

3.

2.1.

y rGonglomerate: same as unit # 1 2 . . . . . .Sandstone:1pale red; very fine-grained; cement weak, calcareous; medium-scale cross- laminations weathers fissile; forms slope • Sandstone: light brown; very fine-grained; cement weak, non-calcareous; bedding thin, irregular;, weathers' smooth rounded; forms rolling slope . ’. . . . . . . . . . . . . .Siltstone: pale reddish brown; bedding flat thin, irregular; cement firm, non- calcareous; weathers rounded forms ledge- slope 1 :. V ; . . . . . . ' . .* .Concealed:. . . .". .. . . . . . . . . . . .Sandstone: pale reddish brown; very fine-' grained; cement firm,*non-calcareous; small mudstone parting ) between beds, bedding irregular^ thin; base gradational; forms small ■ ledge; i .•' . • .: . - . . . • Conglomerate; : : ^

Matrix: siltstone: pale red; cement weak,non-calcareous; ’l.

Gravel: Limestone and siltstone pebbles(^" - 8") rounded to subrounded;

unit forms weak: ledge . . . i .Sandstone; pale reddish brown; very fine-' grained; cement weak, nbn-calcarecus;.thin irregular bedding; small (^”) nodule inclusions common; forms weak ledge ) . . . Conglomerate; same as unit # 4; member is lenticular; contains scour channels Concealed; base of section; rolling irregular flat, v

s e e s

Feet3.0

11.0

20.0

16.513.5

8.0

3.0

1 8.05.0

Total incomplete "B"; m m b e r

- , • ' ' - . , . - ' * "4 * *, * -’1 - * ""k

Total section thickness■n- .7-

, : v

" -: . y yyu > ; - -■**. . • v . v.

224.0

857.5

61

P A V E R CREEK SECTION : .111°41’20" W — 34®40 * 50** N Measurediby R. L. . Jackson

Tertiary basalt: . ; ; :Supai-Tertiary basalt contacts erosional unconformity

of low relief (3* - 5’). 'Supai formations \

mA w member (after McKee)s .a-: • :23. Concealed: basalt talus covered slope. . . 30.022. Sandstones same as unit # 18 ............. 36.021. Siltstones same as unit # 1 6 .............. 8.020. Sandstones same as unit # 18 . . . . . . . 10.019• Sandstones same as unit # 14 . . . . . . . 22.018. Sandstones moderate orange brown; fine­

grained; cement weak, non-calcareous; - ;medium-scale cross-laminations; weathers smooth, bloeky; forms cliff. . . . . . . • 10.0

17. Sandstones same as unit # 14 . . . . . • • 44.016. Siltstone, light brown; mottled gray to ■

• white in part; cement weak, calcareous;bedding massive; exfoliates upon weathering; forms vertical cliff . . ■ . . . . . . "v. . . 8.0

15. Sandstones moderate orange brown; medium- grained; cement weak, friable, non-cal­careous; weathers gnarly, forms ledge. • • 1.0

14. Sandstone: moderate reddish orange; medium-grained; small-scale cross- laminations grade upward into medium- - >scale cross-laminations; weathers smoothrounded; forms cliff . . • • • ........... 66.0

13. Sandstone: same as unit # 1 1 . . • . . . • 32.012. Sandstones light gray; cement weak, friable,

calcareous; medium-grained; weathers smoothfounded; forms small ledge ................ 0.5

11. Sandstones moderate reddish orange;medium-grained; cement firm, calcareous; bedding massive; exfoliates upon weathering; contains small irregular lenses of gray siltstone at base; weathers rounded; beddingirregular; forms cliff.. ......... . . . . 11.0

10. Sandstones same as unit # 7. . . . . . . • 16.5Total "A" member 295.0

62

Feet"B* member (after McKee)$ .

9. Siltatone: same as unit # 1 . . . . . . . . 41.08. Sandstone: light gray; medium- to fine­

grained; cement weak, non-calcareous, friable; bedding massive; weathers smooth

- r o u n d e d ; forms ledge . . . . v . . . . ^ . 2.07, Sandstone: moderate orange brown; fine-

to very fine-grained; cement weak, non- calcareous; contains calcite seams (&") nozmal to bedding; small-scale cross-

' laminations; weathers rounded; forms ’ledge. . V . . . . . . . . . . . ., . . . . 11.0

6. Siltstone: same as unit # 1. . . . . . . . 22.05 • silt a tone: light gray; c ement firm, non-'

calcareous; thin bedded - 2 n ) weathers smooth rounded; exhibits jointing; forxas *• ledge.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . V . 16.5

4. Mudstone: grayish purple; thin> izregular bedding; grades upward into grayish green ' mudstone; weatiwrs hackly; forms slope . . 8.0

3. Siltstone: same as unit # 38.02. Siltstone: grayish green; thin bedded; '

cement weak, calcareous; forms slope • • • ‘ 0.51. Siltstone: moderate orange grown; thin

irregular bedding; cmnent weak, non-cal­careous ; weathers rounded; forms slope . . 4.5

Total Incomplete member , ." • -* ■- . w 4? ‘5 4 •*-

* ■; < '-i- 'r C * w ^

.-r: f; ■ ■ _ n

63

WEST CLEAR CREEK SECTION :111°40»22" W — 34°32»20« H Measured by R. L. Jackson

. . . aas,Tertiary basalt: ' . "■/ - : ' "

Supal-Tertiary basalt contactt eroslonal unconformity of low relief (3* - 5*). -

Supal formation: ; ■”AW member (after McKee)j. 27. | Concealed: basalt talus covered slope . V . 26. Sandstone: paULe reddish brown and light

gray In alternating poorly defined b ands; fine- to very fine-grained; cement weak, ; calarebus; medium- to large-scale cross- laminations; cliff and ledge forming. . . .

25. Sandstone: yellow!sh gray; medium-grained; cement weak, calcareous; small-scale cross-laminations; forms ledge. > . . . • •

24. Sandstone: same as unit # 22. . . . . . • •23. 81Itatone: pale reddish brown; cement weak,

highly calcareous; bedding irregular thin, gnarly; base gradational; forms ledge . .; .

22. Sandstone; pale reddish brown; ;yery fine- grained; cement weak, highly calcareous; medium-scale cross-laminations; forms rounded cliff . . . . . . . . . . v . .;

21. Sandstone: very pale orange; fine-grained; cement weak, non-calcareous; bedding massive; forms ledge. • • • . . . . • • • •

20. Concealed: forms slope. • . . . . . • . • •19. limestone (port Apache limestone of

Stoyanow); light olive gray; dolomltic limestone; thin beds at base (1-2*) separated by siltstone layers, thicker bedding ( 3* ) at top; weathers blocky; forms vertical cliff. . . . . . . . .

18. Sandstone: light gray; fine-grained; cement weak, non-calcareous; bedding flat, thin; forms regular slope . . . . . . . . . . . .

17. Sandstone: same as unit # 15. • • • • • • •16. Siltstone: same as unit # 14. . . • • • • •15. Sandstone: light brown; fine-grained;T V cement firm, non-calcareous; small-scale

cross-laminations; forms rounded cliff• • *14. Siltstone; light brown; cement weak, non-

calcareous; alternating very-thin bedding and small-scale cross—laminated units; forms ledge ............................... ..

55.0

220.0

1.038.5

6w0

-V- r

27.5

6.05.0

10.0

8.05.0

27.5

4.0

27.5

64

Feet13. Sandstones pale reddish brown; very fine­

grained; cement firm, non-calcar eons;flat thick bedded; forms ledge........... . 4.0

12. Sandstone s same as unit # 4 ........... 10.011. Sandstones light brown; fine-grained;

cement firm, highly calcareous; thin bedded; forms rounded cliff .' . •> . v:. . • 2.0

10. Sandstones same as unit # 7 • . . . . . • • 8.09. Sandstone: same as .unit # 3 • . . 5.08. Sandstones same as unit: # .4 • J. . .......... 5.07. Sandstone: pale reddish brown; very fine­

grained; cement weak, calcareous; medium- scale cross-laminations; forms roundedcliff . . ; . . . . . . ............... .. . 10.0

6. Sandstone; same as unit # 3 . . . . . . . . 3.05. Sandstones same as unit # 4 excepting

bedding, which is fissile to very-thin. • • 1.04. Sandstones pale reddish brown; very fine­

grained; cement weak, weakly, calcareous; thin bedded, gnarly; forms rounded ledge. . 3.0

3. Sandstones pale reddish brown; very fine­grained; cement weak, calcareous; thin, ;irregular bedding; forms rounded cliff. • • 22.0

2. Mudstone: pale yellowish brown; bedding thin, gnarly; base irregular; forms recess. :. . . . . . . . : . . . . . . . • • • 2.0

1. Dolomitic limestones platy; pale yellowish brown; bedding flat, thin; weathers blocky; forms irregular ledge, base concealed • • • 2.0

Total measured section 518.0

65

FOSSIL CREEK SECTION 111034«14" W — 34*25*14" N _ Measured by r . L, Jackson ;

^ v;:-...-;;- -:V : V : r ; , FeatCoconino Sandstones;

Sandstone s very pale brown, very fine-grained, friable; shows compound cross-bedding on large scale to base; clear even-grained

: quarts grains; weathers to light yellow­er ish brown; forms massive cliff, , . «

Supai-Coconino contacts (placed at top of uppermostflat-bedded red slltstone) Surface ,;level where observed.

Supai formation: . v r-r...Corduroy sand facies members . : . - .

88. Sandstones Moderate reddish orange; very fine-grained; clear and stained quarts

. grains, black detrltails rare; weathers : - smooth; cement calcareous; forms vertical cliff . . . ., . . . ... . . . . ... ; • . . . . 75.0

87. Sandstones light gray, weathers darker;: very fine-grained; clear and frosted quarts ;

grains; cement weakly calcareous; cross- »■bedded on a small scale; forms, cliff . . -continuous with unit # 88 . .. . . . . . . . . 40.0

86. Sandstones reddish orange, weathers , . . . . '■ v . reddish brown; stained quartz grains, ;

black detrltals common; bedding massive;...base flat; cement weakly calcareous; rforms irregular ledge . . . . . . . . . . . 60.0

85. Sandstone: same as unit # 87. • . • • • • . 20.084. Sandstones same as unit # 8 8 . . . . . . • • 22.083. Calcareous siltstones reddish orange brown;

thin, irregular bedding; highly calcareous; vweathers rounded; forms rounded cliff • • • 10.0

82. Calcareous siltstones light brown; thin,; irregular bedding; highly calcareous; weathers smooth rounded; forms steep ledge slope combination ;*. . . . . . . . . 105.0

81. Calcareous siltstones same as unit # 8 3 . . 10.080. Calcareous siltstones same as unit # 8 2 • • 20.0

Total Corduroy sand facies member 362.0

66

FeetFort Apache limestone;

79. Limestone* light gray# weathers darker;; ' aphanltlc; thin bedded; traces of fossils,

preservation extremely poor; weathers ; hackly; forgs vertical cliff, v . . . . . . 20.0

78. SiItstone: light gray; non-calcareous ‘ -‘ cement; flat bedded; weathers smooth;

forms slight recess v . . . . . • 12.077. Argillaceous limestone: yellowish gray; •

argillaceous material abundant; thin bedded; forms ledge • . • • • . . . . . . . 6.0

Total port Apache limestone 38.0Big "A" sand facies member; - ^

76. SiItstone: same as unit # 72. • • • . . . . 115.075. SiItstone: light gray; non-calcareous;

thin bedded; forms cliff. . . . . . . . . . 5.074. Slltatone: same as unit # 72. • • • • • . . 106.073. Concealed: steep slope. . . .- • . . . . • • 85.072. SiItstone: reddish brown; non-calcareous;

thin bedded/ fissile in part; mottled appearance in part; forms steep ledge- slope ;v . . v .- . . . . . v . . 44.0

71. Siltstone: same as unit # 63. . . . • . . . 6.070. Siltstbhe: same as unit # 66.' . • • • • • • 2.069. Slltstone: same as unit # 63. • • • • • . .’ 25.068. Slltstone: same as unit # 66. . ." . . . . 4.067. Slltstone: same as unit # 6 3 . • • . . • • • 10.066. Slltstone: moderate brown; noh-calcareoua;

thin bedded; weathers smooth rounded; forms steep slope . . . . . . . / . . . . . .. . . 4.0

65. Slltstone: same as unit # 63. • . . . . . • 65.064. Slltstone: pinkish gray; non-calcareous;

bedding massive; weathers smooth rounded; forms ledge . . . . . .* . • • . . . . . .’ .' 1.0

63. Slltstone: moderate brown; non-calcareous, bedding massive; weathers smooth rounded# forms cliff . . . .; . . . . . . . . . . . ." 55.0

62. Slltstone: same as unit # 6 1 . • . . . . • . 12.061. Slltstone: pale reddish brown; non-calcare­

ous; thin Irregular bedding; weathers blocky; forms ledge . • V . • • . • . . . . 50.0

Total Big "A* sand facies member 589.0

Feet

\ • ' •• - • • , •

Oak Greek member: , , - , t e ,60. Coneealedi steep slope. -. . . . .. . ....59 . Silt stone: grayi sh red; ;n6n-ealoare6us;

bedding^irregular; partially concealed; forms ledge-slope . . ,. . . . . . .

58. Sandstone! pale brown; very fine-grained; calcareous cement; thin to thick bedding,( 2n t- l-J* ); weathers rov^h; :forms slope

57. conglomerate: . ' . .. , . , . '. Matrixsmediumlight^graymudstone;, v highly calcarous; weathers knobby;. : Gravel: limestone pebbles ( 1/8" -

I ■ ;•); .light gray; subrounded tosubangular;. - :

unit weathers knobby, forms ledge-slope. Sandstone: yellowish gray; highly cal­careous, friable; thin, bedded; formsslope , . . ... , re; . . _; e • .. . •Conglomerate: same -as unit # 57 Concealed: irregular slope. •.. . • . . . • Sandstone: pale reddish brown; very fine­grained; highly calcareous; forms small resistant ledge . . . . . . . . . . . . , ‘r.Concealed: long slope . . .... . . . . . .Siltstone; pale reddish broim; highly,cal­careous; friable; thin irregular bedding; / forms slope • • » . ' « « . . • ■.. • . . . , # .Concealed; long slope . . . . . . . . . . .Conglomerate: , . : ^

Matrix: siltstone; light brown; non- caloareous; weathers gnarly;

Gravel: siItstone blocks and pebbles;reddish brown and light gray ( 1.-2" ); angular to subround; .

unit weathers gnarly; forms slope .........48. Concealed: forms slope. • • ................47. Slltstone; pale reddish brown; calcareous

cement; thin irregular bedding; forms , v slope: • ., • •

46. concealed: forms long slope . . . . . • • •

56.

55.54.53.

52.51.

50.49.

, r44.0

60.0

53.0lu. cV. v

32.0

10.06.010.0

V , ::2.093.0

J15.068.0

6.025.0

16.036.0

Total Oak Creek member 476.0

Packard ranqhn member: , . . ,45. Siltstone: same as unit # 35. . . . • . • • 42.044. Silty limestone: brownish gray; thin

irregular bedding;, weathers gnarly; forms -r weak ledge. . . .............. 6.0

43, Slltatdaet same as unit # 35. . .:. * . . .42. Limestones same as unit # 3 9 . . . . . . . .41. Siltstones reddish brown; calcareous cement;

thin irregular bedding; weathers gnarly; forms slope . . . . .

40. Siltstones same as unit # 35. . . . \ . . 39• Limestone: light brownish:gray; aphanltlc;

bedding flat, massiwe; weathers rounded;■ f o m s ledge . . • « ’-i • • •«” • ’ • . . . -e -. *,

38. Conglomerates"same as unit # 36 . . . • • •37. siItstone: same as unit ^ 3 5 . . . . . .36. Conglomerate; 1 : i

Matrix: slltstbne; light reddish gray; highly calcsredus;

Gravel: siltotone"; reddi^i brown pebbles (- lw ); subrounded- to rounded; ■ ’

Unit weathers gnarly; forms weak ledge. . . 35. Siltstones reddish brown; flat thin bedding;

weathers smooth; forms'cliff. • . • . . . • 34. Limestone: light brownlgh gray; aphanitic; '

bedding flat^massive; weathers smooth rounded; foMis ledge. . . v . . . -. . '. .

33. Limestones grayish red; finely crystalline; medium-scale cross-laminatiphs etch out;

« weathers blocky; forms cliff. • . . . . . .32. Concealed: forms slope. . . i . • . . • •31. Sandstone; pale redd!sh brown; very fine­

grained; - small-scale cross-lamlhatiohs etch out; weakly calcareous; weathers blocky; forms ledge . . . . . . . . ". . . .

Total tankards z»anctDn member -Haco limestone:

30.

29.

28.27.26.

Siltstones reddish brown; calcareous cement; thin to thick bedding ( - l^1 ); weatherssmooth; forms • cliff • • • s •.. . . . . . . Siltstones light gray; non-calcareous; •medium-scale cross-laminations; laminae ; etch out; weathers smooth; firms cliff. • • Siltstone: reddish brown, weathers to light brown; same as unit # 30. • • . •Siltstones same as unit # 2 9 . . . . . . . .Limestones gray; aphanitic to finely crystalline; bedding inregular; weathers gnarly; forms irregular ledge • . . . . .

33.04.0

6.08.0

18.02.0

31.0

3w030.0

5.5

11.08.0

3.0

210.5'

41.0

4.04.04.0

16.0

6?

Feet25. limestone: light gray; medium crystalline;

* thin, irregular heading; base sharp;weathers smooth rounded; forms rounded .ledge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.0

24. Siltstohe; reddish brown; thin to thick .( 2 ? - 4* ); calcareous cement; weathers ’ .blocky; base gradational; forms irregularc u f f . v . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.7

23. Concealed: forms slope. . . . . . . . • • 31.022. Conglomerate:

Matrix:, argillaceous siltstone; light,- i gray; cement highly calcareous; ! ;Gravel; medium grained, to 1/4" in- .

. i elusions, of siltstone, limestone, % ' ,r quartz and chert, subrounded;

bedding massive, weathers knobby; forms ,, ledge . .7. . . . . . .,. . . . . . .' 1.0

21. Limestone: gray; argillaceous material conmion; gnarly, irregular bedding;. ... weathers, knobby; forms weak ledge . . . . • 5.0

20. Siltstone; reddish brown, weathers darker; firm non-calcareous cement; Irregular thin bedding; base sharp; weathers smooth rounded;; forms irregular ledge. . . . . . . 3.0

19. Concealed: talus covered slope. .,.; . ... •_ • 12.718. Siltstone; reddish.brown, weathers darker;

cement firm, weakly calcarecus; bedding massive; base sharp; weathers blocky; forms vertical ledge. ... . . . . . . . . . 4.0

17. Silty limestone: grayish brown; very thin . bedding; base gradational; weathers knobby;forms weak irregular ledge. . . . . . . . . .3.0

16. Concealed: talus covered slope. . • . . . • 10.715. Siltstone: reddish brown, weathers darker;

cement firm, weakly calcareous; bedding massive; base sharp; weathers smooth rounded; mica inclusions common; forms ledge . ..... . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . 5.0

14. Conglomerate: same as unit # 1 2 . . . . . . 16.013. Calcareous siltstone: grayish brown; cement

firm, highly calcareous; flat irregular thin bedding; weathers blocky; forms l e d g e V . . . 4.0

12. Conglomerate:Matrix: argillaceous silty limestone;

light gray; cement firm, highly cal­careous; :

Gravel: argillaceous limestone and clay ~ galls ( ** - 2W ) subrounded;

bedding gnarly; base sharp; Des Moines Molluscoidan fauna of good preservation, random orientation; unit forms ledge. • • • 20.0

70

Feet11. Limestone: light gray, weathers orange

brown; aphanitic; thick bedding ( 2* - 4* ); base sharp; unit contains siltstone partings; weathers blocky; forms verticalledge • ...................................... 6.0

10. Conglomerate: same as unit # 12 • . • . . . 13.09. limestonegrayish pink; finely crystalline;

bedding massive; foremlnlferal; base grad­ational; weathers smooth rounded; forms

• '■■■■ rounded ledge . . . ' . . . « . . . . . . * . 2.08. Limestone; gray; aphanitic; argillaceous

material common; bedded chert inclusions; *■ thin bedded; weathers gnarly; forms ledge • 6.07. Conglomerate: same as unit # 22 ........... 32.06. Concealed: forms rolling slope. . • • • • • 32.05. Siltstone; reddish brown; calcareous cement; :

thin bedded; forms ledge slope. . . . . . . 30.04. Conglomerate:

.Matrix; sandstone; reddish brown; coarse- to medium-grained; highly calcareous;

Gravel: limestone, dolomltlc limestone, chert, Jasper and quartz pebbles; s u b r o u n d e d - 1^* ); • '

unit weathers gnarly; forms cliff . . . . • 30.03* Limestone, breccia:- grayish purple to mod­

erate red; irregular bedding; grades u p - > < ward into unit # 4;argillaceous material abundant; weathers gnarly; forms irregular ledges. • . . . • . . . • • . . . . • . . . 6.0

2. Concealed: forms rolling slope. . . •" 53.0

Total Haco limestone 414.1Redwall limestone:

1. Limestone; light gray; aphanitic to coarsely crystalline; massive at base of section; becomes thinner bedded toward top; weathers pitted; base concealed; Mollusooldan fauna of poor preservation; forms vertical cliff. 85.0

Total incomplete Redwall * 85.0

Total section 2,174.6

71

SPADE RANCH SECTION .1X1023104" W — 34024*02" N Measured:by R. L» Jackson

; - Feet" v.:v -vv:.: ^Tertiary basalt: :

Supal-Tertiary basalt contact: eroslonal unconformityof low relief (3* - 6*).

> f

-• >l /; a ?Supal formations ’Corduroysandfaclesmember:

25. Concealed: steeptlmber studded slope;boulders of basalt from above . . . . . . .

. . 24. Concealed: forms light gray sandy soil;steep slope # . ■ ■. . ■ . . * ■■. . . . .

23. Concealed: forms red sandy soil; steep - ■* ■ - - ’ slope ■ w - . . . . . . . . . . « . • . . . . 55.0

187.06.5

Total Incomplete corduroy sand facies member 259.5Fort Apache limestone of Stoyanow: •

22. Siltstones yellowish gray; cement firm, calcareous; calclte Inclusions common; bedding massive; weathers smooth rounded; forms continuous cliff with units # 21 and' i " : " " - \ . ' ' - . -- -e - e ' # e # * # ' # - m - e' ' # # # # ■ r • : • # *

. 21. lime stone: olive gray; medium crystalline; solution type smooth rounded weathering;*

■ forms vertical cliff. . . . . . . . . . . . .20. Silty limestones light olive gray; aphanitic;

weathers smooth rounded; forms vertical > cliff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17.5

5.5

11.0

Total Fort Apache lime stone of Stoyanow 34.0- - - . .* -i, i- •. . i 5 *' T . - J ■

Big WAH sand facies membOTs « »19. Si It stone s moderate brown; cement weak,

calcareous; bedding irregular -massive; forms,rounded ledges• • . . • . . . . % 105.0

18. Sandstones light olive gray; very fine- ' grained; cement weak, highly calcareous;

thin. Irregular bedding (&* - 6"); formsl e d g e ........................ ............... . 6.0

17. Sandstones same as unit # 16 (no geodesor delicate color changes)• • . • • • • • i 18.0

72

. . . '

16. Sandstone: moderate brown; fine-grained; cement fira, calcareous; calcite geodes (i") common; delicate color changes to light gray localized in spots; bedding irregular, massive; forms ledge-slope • • • 16.5

15 * ■ Concealed ........... # = . .. . . . . . . . 33.514. Sandstone: moderate brown; very fine­

grained; cement weak, highly calcareous; bedding massive; weathers smooth rounded; f or ms weak ledge. . . . . . « . • . . 6.0

13*. Concealed: st eep slope • • • • • • • • • • 231.0

Total Big ”A W sand facies member 421.0Oak Creek member: : .

12. Sandstone: same as unit #. 10. . . . . . . . 6.011. concealed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.010. Sandstone; moderate brown; very fine- r grained; cement weak, non-calcareous;

thin irregular bedding; forms ledges. . . • 22.09. Siltstone: same as unit # 7 (no inclus­

ions) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30.58. Concealed ..... . . . . . .................... 27.57. Si It stone: grayish red; cement weak.

highly calcareous; irregular thin (#*) , . r :bedding; calcite inclusions common; formsweak ledge. . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.5

6. Siltstone; grayish red; cement firm, ; highly, calcareous; thin irregular bedding; weathers gnarly; forms ledge-slope. . . . • 27.5

5. Concealed • • • • • . . . • . . . • • • • . 49.54. Sandstone: pale brown; very fine-grained;

cement firm, highly calcareous; thin flat .bedding; weathers smooth rounded; foras ledge-slope . . . • . . • . . . . . • . • • 16.5

3. Concealed. . . . . . . . . . . . • • • . . • 22.02. Sandstone; pale reddish brown; very fine­

grained; cement firm, highly calcareous; bedding irregular massive; weathers smooth blocky; forms cliff . . . . . . . . . . • • 29.5

1. Concealed: base of section; valley fill and boulders from units above.

Total incomplete Big nA * sand facies member 250.5

Total complete section 965.0

73

WASHINGTON PARK SECTION 111o16«10" W — 34086*09" N Measured by R. L. Jackson

. zsetSupai formation*

Corduroy sand facies members14. Samdstohei light broim; fine-grained; cement

weak, non-calcareous; bedding flat, irregular very-thin (&" - 4"); weathers gnarly; forms cliff . . . . . ..... . . . . . . . ... . ... . . . 82.5

13. Sandstones light brown; fine-grained; cement firm, non-calcareous; very-thick bedded; medium-scale cross-laminations etch out;

- - forms sheer cliff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44.012. Sandstones moderate reddish brown; medium-

to fine-grained sandstone; cement weak, calcareous; thick bedding (4* - 8*); medium- scale cross-laminations etch out; weathers blocky; forms Irregular cliff . . . . . . . . 72.0

11. Concealed; series of rolling slopes ......... 192.010. Sandstones moderate yellowish brown; fine­

grained; cement firm, calcareous; bedding massive; weathers smooth rounded; forms small ledge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.5

9. Concealed; steep slope. . . . . . . . • . • • 55.08. Siltstones light olive gray; thin flat ' bedding; forms blocky ledge 5.5

7. Sandstone* dusky yellow; very fine-grained; cement weak, highly calcareous; bedding massive, irregular; contains calclte inclus­ions; forms slope . . • • . . • • • . . • . . 16.5

6. Siltstones light olive gray; cement firm, z. calcareous; thin to thick ( 6* - 2* ) irreg­

ular bedding; weathers smooth rounded tognarly; forms ledge . . . . . . ............. 12.0

5. Siltstones moderate brown; cement firm, non- calcareous; thin to thcik irregular bedding;

■' weathers smooth rounded; ledge forming. • • • 10.04. Concealed; rolling s l ope............... .. . . 48.5

c u -Total Incomplete Corduroy sand facies member 543.5

Fort Apache limestone of Stoyanows3. Siltstones olive gray; cement firm, highly

calcareous; contains calclte inclusions and small geodes - &*); weathers smooth rounded; forms rounded cliff. . . . . » • • • 17.5

1*J

2. limestone: olive gray; me&lem crystalline; flat bedded, massive; pitted solution-type weathering; forms cliff with units # 1 and# 2 ................................. ...........

1. Siltstone: light olive gray; cement firm, calcareous; bedding flat thick (2*); weathers smooth, bloeky; units # 1, 2; and 3 grade into one another; forms cliff.V • • .Base of section is a steep timber studdedSlope. ’ -i \' . ■. : v,:,-'::;;; y- X ' ! r :> 1 : ::

~ Total port Apache limestone• •- • * 1, • ^ -

s r ■ - * — - - • „ l , , ..! "V . , 5„ % a t ■*

h 'i v.'

Total section thickness ‘- r ... *

" i *L

Feet

11.0

5.5

34.0

577.5

- ;,n; r:-; - .l.V

i. v r% . -

75

KOHL RANCH SECTION , ...... 1 H ° 0 5 »2Bn W -- ,34°19«32« N

v . Measured .by R. L. . Jaok'soa..

N&eo ; ; ; % : \ ' ' ' - . .18. Silty limestone: pale yellowish brown;- r

aphanltic; thin Irregular bedding; chert nodules (2* - 3") occur along bedding planes; base gradational;,weathers smooth rounded; forms Irregular ledge. . . . . , . 6.0

17. Sandstones pale brown; very fine-grained; cement firm, calcareous; bedding massive; base gradational; weathers smooth rounded; forms Irregular ledge . . . . . . . . . . . 3.0

16. ConglomeratesMatrixs siltstone: moderate brown;

cement firm, calcareous;Gravels limestone and siltstone pebbles

(&" - 1") light gray and ^derate brown; subround;

unit massive gnarly bedded; weathers knobby;forms irregular slope . . . . . . ......... 9.0

15. Si It stone: pale reddish brown; cement firm, calcareous; fissile to very-thin bedding; inclusions of chert and siltstone nodules ( i n - 4") abundant; weathers blocky; formsirregular ledge ........................... ' • 7.0

14. Silty limestones moderate brown; aphanitlc; thick irregular bedding ( 2 * - 2 f); weathersblocky; forms irregular l e d g e ......... .. • 19.0

13. Concealed: regular slope • . . . . . . . . 5.012. Bedded chert zones pale red; gnarly

irregular bedding; weathers blocky; formsirregular ledge . . . . ................ 1.0

11. Silty limestones pale red purple; aphanitic; thin irregular bedding; weathers blocky; forms irregular ledge . . . . . . . . . . . 4.0

10. Conglomerates same as unit # 1 6 ....... ... 4.09. Silty limestone: same as unit # 8, but

weathers fissile. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.08. Silty limestones light brownish gray;

aphanitic; bedding massive (4* - 6*); base sharp; forms vertical cliff. • • . • • 38.0

7. Conglomerates same as unit #16.. • • • • • 0.56. Silty limestones same as unit # 8 • • • • • 6.05. Concealed; steep slope............ 41.0

FeetLimestones medium light gray; coarsely crystalline; gnarly Irregular bedding; base sharp; weathers knobby; Des Moines Molluscoidan fauna of good preservation; random orientation; forms irregular ledge . • 2.0Concealed* regular slope.................... .. 17.0Silty limestone: same as unit # 9 • • • • • • 0.5Limestone breccias limestone and siItstone fragments (1" - 2B); angular to subround; in argillaceous limey matrix; bedding Irregular, gnarly; weathers knobby; forms irregular ledge (base concealed)• . . . . . . 20.0

Total incomplete Haco limestone 208.0

77

TONTO CREEK SECTION 111°05*37" W — 34°20*25" N Measurod by R. L. Jackson

Naco limestones -32. Limestone breccia; limestone and siltstone

fragments (1* - 2*); angular to s^round; in argillaceous limey matrix; bwiding irregular, gnarly; weathers knobby; forms ledge slope . . . . . . . . . . . . • • • .

,Unconformity: Erosions!, relief of 15 to 25 feet.Redwall limestones

31. Limestones light olive gray; mediumcrystalline to aphanitic; bedding massive; base sharp; contains Mollusooidan fauna of poor preservation; forms ledge-slope. • • .

30. Arenaceous limestones yellowish gray;aphanitic; inclusions of very fine-grained sand; base irregular (erosional uncon­formity?); thin (2* - 2 1) flat Irregular bedding; forms irregular ledges and slopes.; r Total Redwall limestone

Jerome formation: . . . . . . .29 • Sandstone: gray! ah orange; medium-grained;

cement firm, highly calcareous; bedding massive; base sharp; weathers smooth, blocky; forms ledge-slope . . • .... . . . . . •;

28. Sandstones very li^at gray; medium-grained;cement weak, noh-calcareous; bedding massive; base sharp; weathers smooth rounded; forms rounded ledge , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

27. Arenaceous dolomitie limestones pale red; coarse- to medium- gr ai ned s and inclusi on s; calcite geoder inclusions ccmimon; weathers blocky; forms Irregular ledge . . . . . . .

26. Limestones light brownish gray; aphanitic; bedding massive; base gradational; weathers smooth rounded; forms rounded ledge;. • • •

25. Sandstones yellowish gray; very fine-grained; cement firm, calcareous; thin (2" -2!), flat irregular bedding; base gradational; weathers blocky; forms irregular ledge ........... .

Feet

27.0

c - ..40.0

8.048.0

: ,

30.0

3.0

6.0

8.0

11.0

78

24. Sandstone $ pinkish gray; medium-grained; cement weak, highly calcareous; medium- scale cross-laminations; base sharp; weathers smooth rounded; forms ledge- slope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.0

23. Arenaceous dolomitic limestones mediumlight @ray; Inclusions of very fine-grained sand; bedding massive; base gradational; weathers smooth rounded and pitted; forms irregular cliff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16.0

22. Arenaceous dolomitic limestone: pale yellowish brown; silt size inclusions; bedding massive; base sharp; weathers smooth rounded and pitted; forms vertical cliff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.0

21. Siltstone: grayish red; bedding massive; base sharp; weathers blocky; forms vertical cliff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.0

20. Sandstone: light gray; very fine-grained; cement firm, non-caloareous; bedding massive; base sharp; weathers smooth

- rounded; forms rounded cliff. . . . . . . . 6.019. Sandstone: grayish red; very fine-grained;

cement firm, non-calcareous; bedding massive; base gradational; weathers blocky; forms • .ledge . . . . . . . . . . .................. 10.0

18. Arenaceous dolomitic limestone: same as. unit # 23 . .................................. 5.0

17. Sandstone: grayish red purple; very fire - grained; cement firm, non-calcareous;......flat thin to thick (2H - 4 1) bedding; : .

" weathers blocky; forms irregular ledge. . . 5.016. Siltstone: yellowish gray; bedding massive;

inclusions of yellowish gray, medium light gray and moderate reddish brown siltstone common; base gradational; weathers blocky; forms irregular ledge . . . . . . . . . . • ,5.0

15. Siltstone: medium light gray; cement: firm, non-calcareous; bedding massive; base grad­ational; weathers smooth blocky; forms irregular ledge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.0

14. Sandstone: pale red; fine-grained; cement firm, non-calcareous; flat irregular thin (&* - 2") bedding; base gradational; weathers.smooth blocky; forms irregular ledge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.0

Feet

79

13. SiItstones light gray; cement firm, non­calcar ecus; flat Irregular thin bedding;

: base concealed; weathers smooth rounded;forms irregular ledge . . . . . . . . . . .

12. Concealed: irregular slope. • • • • • . . .11. Arenaceous.dolomitic limestones pale red;

silt size inclusions; bedding Irregular (2tt - 2*); calcite inclusions common; base gradational; weathers blocky; forms irregular ledge . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10. Sandstone: pale red; cement firm, weakly calcareous; bedding thin ( 2 n - 2*), small-scale "torrential type* cross- laminationa;-base gradational; weathers smooth rounded to pitted; forms irregular cliff .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9. ConglomeratesMatrix: sandstone; pale red; fine to .

medium-grained; cement firm, weakly calcareous;

Gravel: chert and siItatone fragments; subround to subangular (^* - 1");

? unit massive bedded; weather knobby; formsirregular ledge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Total Jerome formationMazatzal group (Frecambrian): ,

8. Sandstone: pale red purple; medium-grained; cement weak, non-calcareous; bedding massive; base sharp; weathers smooth rounded; formsrounded cliff . . . . . . . ............. •

.-4 s 7., Si It s tones mottled light gray and pale red;cement firm, non-calcareous; flat irregular thin bedding; weathers blocky; forms ledge- slope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6. Claystone: grayish orange pink; highlycalcareous; thin irregular bedding; wedges out laterally, shows evidence of securing; weathers blocky; forms irregular ledge. • •

5. Dolomitic limestones medium light gray; aphanitic; thin flat bedding, thin shale or mudstone partings (&" - 2") between beds; weathers smooth blocky; forms irregular cliff . . . . . . . . . . .

219140

11.0102.0

22.0

37.0

50.0

390.0

•. : - : : 0

18.0

18.0

7.0

8.0

Feet

80

4, Dolomitic limestone; light gray; aphanitio; flat thin bedding; base sharp; weathers smooth blooky; forms irregular ledge. . , . 5.0

3. Sandstone; pale red; coarse- to medium- grained; cement firm, non-ealcareous; flat irregular thin - 2 * ) bedding; base sharp; quartz granule inclusions common; weathers knobby; forms irregular ledge-slope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54.0

2. Conglomerate;Matrix; quartzite; pale brown; coarse-

to medium-grained; bedding Irregular;Gravel; highly altered rhyolite or granite

fragments and quartz pebbles; grayish brown to light gray; subangular to sub- rounded - 2");

unit weathers knobby; forms irregular ,slope . . > . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60.0

Feet

Total Mazatzal group 170.01. Base of section 100 yards below the confluence

of Tonto and Horton creeks in the Frecambrian highly altered and decomposed granite or rhyolite.

Total section thickness 635.0

81

BABE HAF''”rn DA'T',TI lll°06*f Me astir#

FeetCoconino sandstones

Sandstone: very pale brown, very fine-grained.friable; shows compound cross-bedding on large scale; clear, even-grained quartz grains; weathers to light yellowish brown; forms massive cliff.

Supal-Cooonino contacts Concealed.Supal formations

Corduroy sand facies members10. Concealeds steep timber studded slope . . • 483.09. SI It stones very light gray; cement firm, ;

r highly calcareous; thin bedded; weathers

Fort Apache limestone of stoyanows8. Silty limestones light olive gray; aphanltic;

bedding massive; calclte inclusions common; weathers blocky; forms vwtical cliff . . . 52.0

7. Silt stones grayish yellow; cement weak, non­calcar eous; bedding massive; weathers smooth blocky; forms vertical cliff continuous

6. Siltstone; yellowish gray; cement firm, highly calcareous; thin flat irregular bedding; weathers blocky; forms cliff . . • 6.0

5. Limestones medium dark gray; aphanltic; thin Irregular bedding; base sharp; weathers blocky; cliff forming with other units * . . . . . . . . • • • • • . . • • • 0.5

4. Siltstone: pale olive; cement weak, non- calcar ecus; bedding massive; base sharp; weathers smooth rounded; forms rounded ledge . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . 5.0

Total Fort Apache limestone of Stoyanow

blocky; forms irregular cliff 11.0

Total Corduroy sand facies member 494.0

with overlying and underlying units 4.0

67.5

Big "A- iand 5. Sane very fine-grained;

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1155000 YARDS |^-30"%?"! :Topography by J.LLewis, FA.WuopiQ L.O.Newsome, J.G.Ransom,W.LThomas,and EJ.Matson Surveyed in 1933-1934-

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Edition of 1940

N 3415-W H115/15

TH E TOPOGRAPHIC MAPS OF THE U N IT E D STATES

The United States Geological Survey is making a series of standard topographic maps to cover the United States. This work has been in progress since 1882, and the published maps cover more than 47 percent of the country, exclusive of outlying possessions.

The maps are published on sheets that measure about 10 J by 20 inches. Under the general plan adopted the country is divided into quadrangles bounded by parallels of latitude and meridians of longitude. These quadrangles are mapped on different scales, the scale selected for each map being that which is best adapted to general use in the development of the country, and consequently, though the standard maps are of nearly uni­form size, the areas that they represent are of different sizes. On the lower margin of each map are printed graphic scales showing distances in feet, meters, miles, and kilometers. In addition, the scale of the map is shown by a fraction expressing a fixed ratio between linear measurements on the map and cor­responding distances on the ground. For example, the scale 5 55 means that 1 unit on the map (such as 1 inch, 1 foot, or 1 meter) represents 62,500 of the same units on the earth’s surface.

Although some areas are surveyed and some maps are com­piled and- published on special scales for special purposes, the standard topographic surveys and the resulting maps have for many years been of three types, differentiated as follows:

1. Surveys of areas in which. there are problems o public importance— relating, for example, to mineral develop­ment, irrigation, or reclamation of swamp areas— are made with sufficient detail to be used in the publication of maps on a scale of ^ (1 inch= one-half mile) or ^ (1 inch = 2,000 feet); with a contour interval of 1 to UK) feet, according to the relief of the particular area mapped.

2. Surveys of areas in which there are problems of average public importance, such as most of the basin of the Mississippi and its tributaries, are made with sufficient detail to be used in the publication of maps on a scale of (1 inch = nearly 1 mile), with a contour interval of 10 to 100 feet.

3. Surveys of areas in which the problems are of minor public importance, such as much of the mountain or desert region of Arizona or New Mexico, and the high mountain area of the northwest, are made with sufficient detail to be used in the publication of maps on a scale of (1 inch = nearly 2 miles) or ^ 5 (1 inch = nearly 4 miles), with a contour interval of 20 to 250 feet.

The aerial camera is now being used in mapping. From the information recorded on the photographs, planimetric maps, which show only drainage and culture, have been made for some areas in the United States. By the use of stereoscopic plotting apparatus, aerial photographs are utilized also in the making of the regular topographic maps, which show relief as well as drainage and culture.

A topographic survey of Alaska has been in progress since 1898, and nearly 44 percent of its area has now been mapped. About 15 percent of the Territory has been covered by maps on a scale of (1 inch = nearly 8 miles). For most of the remainder of the area surveyed the maps published are on a scale of (1 inch = nearly 4 miles). For some areas of par­ticular economic importance, covering about 4,300 square miles, the maps published are on a scale of (1 inch = nearly 1 mile)

t . In addition to the areaabout 11,300 square miles of southeastern Alaska Has been covered by planimetric maps on scales of 5^5 and 5 ^ .

The Hawaiian Islands have been surveyed, and the resulting maps are published on a scale of

A survey of Puerto Hie is now in progress. The scale of the published maps is

The features shown on topographic maps may be arranged in three groups— (1) water, including seas, lakes, rivers, canals, swamps, and other bodies of water; (2) relief, including mountains, hills, valleys, aid other features of the land surface; (3) culture (works of man , such as towns, cities, roads, rail­roads, and boundaries. Tlie symbols used to represent these features are shown and explained below. Variations appear on some earlier maps, and additional features are represented on some special maps.

All the water features are represented in blue, the smaller streams and canals by single blue lines and the larger streams by double lines. The huger streams, lakes, and the sea are accentuated by blue water lining or blue tint. Intermittent streams—those whose beds $re dry for a large part of the year— are shown by lines of blue dots and dashes.

Relief is shown by contour lines in brown, which on a few maps are supplemented by -hading showing the effect of light thrown from the northwest across the area represented, for the purpose of giving the appearance of relief and thus aiding in the interpretation of the co ntour lines. A contour line repre­sents an imaginary line on the ground (a contour) every part of which is at the same altitude above sea level. Such a line could be drawn at any altitude, but in practice only the con­tours at certain,Tfamlar Infervak uf .altitmle arc shown. The datum or zero of altitude of the Geological Survey maps is mean sea level. The 20-foot contour would be the shore line if the sea should rise 20 feet above mean sea level.. Contour lines show the diape of the hills, mountains, and valleys, as well as their altitude. Successive •ontour lines, that are far apart on the map indicate a gentle slops lines that are close together indicate a steep slope, and lines that run together indicate a cliff. . .

The manner in which omtour .lines express altitude, form, and grade i- shown in the figure below.

The sketch represents^ river valley that lies between two hills. In Hie foreground U TTTg SeT$7Witll a 15ay" fnat is partly enclosed by a hooked sajnf bar. On each side of the valley is a terrace into which smal streams have cut narrow gullies. The hill on the right has n rounded summit and gently slop­

ing spura separated by ravines. The spurs are truncated at their lower ends by a sea cliff. The hill at the left terminates abruptly at the valley in a steep scarp, from which it slopes gradually away and forms an inclined tableland that is trav­ersed by a few shallow gullies. On the map each of these features is represented, directly beneath its position in the sketch, by contour lines.

The contour interval, or the vertical distance in feet between one contour and the next, is stated at the bottom of each map. This interval differs according to the topography of the area mapped: in a flat country it may be as small as 1 foot; in a mountainous region it may be as great as 250 feet. In order that the contours may be read more easily certain contour lines, every fourth or fifth, are made heavier than the others and are accompanied by figures showing altitude. The heights of many points—such as road intersections, summits, surfaces of lakes, and benchmarks—are also given on the map in figures, which show altitudes to the nearest foot only. More precise figures for the altitudes of benchmarks are given in the Geological Sur­vey’s bulletins on spirit leveling. The geodetic coordinates of triangulation and transit-traverse stations are also published in bulletins.

Lettering and the works of man are shown in black. Bound­aries, such as those of a State, county, city, land grant, town­ship, or reservation, are shown by continuous or broken lines of different kinds and weights. Public, roads suitable Tor motor travel the greater part of the year are show n by solid double lines; poor public roads and private roads by dashed double lines; trails by dashed single lines. Additional public road classification if available is show n by red overprint.

Each quadrangle is designated by the name of a city, town, or prominent natural feature within it, and on the margins of the map are printed the names of adjoining quadrangles of which maps have been published. More than 4,100 quad­rangles in the United States have been surveyed, and maps of them similar to the one on the other side of this sheet have been published.

Geologic maps of some of the areas shown on the topographic maps have , been published in the .form of folios. Each folio includes maps showing the topography, geology,, underground structure, and mineral deposits of the area, mapped, and several pages of descriptive text. The text explains the maps and describes the topographic and geologic features of the country and its mineral products. Two hundred twenty-five folios have been published. * .

Index maps of .each State and of Alaska and Hawaii showing the areas covered by topographic maps and geologic folios pub­lished by the t * dogical Survey may be obtainedfree. Copies of tlie standard topographic maps may l>e obtained for 10 cents each; some special maps are sold at different prices. A discount of 40 percent is allowed on an order amounting to $5 or more at the retail price. T he discount is allowed on an order for maps alone, either of one kind or in any assortment, or for maps together with geologic folios. The geologic folios are sold for 25 cents or more each, the price depending on the size of tlie folio. A circular describing the folios will be sent on request

Applications for maps or folios should be accompanied by cash, draft, or money order (not postage stamps) and should be

THE DIRECTOR,United States Geological Survey,

November 1937. Washington, D. C.

S TA N D A R D SYM BO LS

CULTURE (p vnted iti black)

Boundary Bench markmurmi merit f»uf>plenu*ntary Ae/tM

m ark »ftown l(y orr>»» ansi blaeJo Htfuifti tvitfvout

Irttrfing j

nCemeteries Church, School Coke oveuR Fauks and.

oil reservoirs/ datU nffu ith fi an 7 •Je su it r i u t p s j

w a rgas w4lls

rRELIEF

t printed in brown)

Mine or quarry

5 * 6 3

Contour*Elevation above m e a n sea. level _____

f on- neowZ natp*i in blnn)iC a n t u u r * a fu n r in s /

d n f> th o f ^ - a t r r ■

Depressioncontours

Levee

W a s h Cliffs „fOf' by )

£ v -Mane d u m p s T;filings or Sand and

mining debris sand dunes

Su'eaiul

if{alls and "rapids ■

Prospect

X

Shaft Mine tunnel Mine tunnel Lighthouse( • h a w i n g J i n n t i a n J a P D e a c m i

WATER(printed in blue)

Intermittent streams and.

ditchesCanals or ditches

Aqueducts or waterpipes

Aqueduct.tunnels

Lake or pond

■ M

U n surveyed stream and

abandoned canal

Intermittent Glacierlake f O r - .Viomzi c o n t o u r spcintad cn hint)

Spring W e B Marsh Submerged

rorooD" W O O D S(when printed in green)