The Study of Establishment an Integrated The Study of Establishment an Integrated

Environmental Index on Taiwan RegionEnvironmental Index on Taiwan Region

Lee Chien-Ming, Hsieh Pi-Feng,Lee Chien-Ming, Hsieh Pi-Feng,

Lue Heng-Hui, Wang Chun-KaiLue Heng-Hui, Wang Chun-Kai

Taipei TaiwanTaipei Taiwan

2000/12/22000/12/2

2

CONTENTS

Preface The Current State of Development of

Sustainable Development Index The Structure of Taiwan’s Integrated

Environmental Index Materials and Methods Results and Explanation Conclusions Remark

3

Preface

Function of sustainable development indicator Steps of environmental indicator establishment Indicator Structure Hierarchy DSR framework(OECD)

4

(1) Function of Sustainable Development Indicator

Precaution:

review of current environment, and social status, to provides a signal of environmental conditions change.

Policy decision:

provides an effective guide for planning a sustainable environment in the future

5

(2) Steps of Environmental Indicator Establishment

Characteristics of indicators

Quantifies the indicators

Weighed average indicators

Integrated environmental indicator

6

(3) Indicator Structure Hierarchy

Information D

ensity

Indicators used by scientists

Indicators used by decision-makers

Indicators used by the public

Information Volume

7

(4) DSR Framework(OECD)

Driving forces:

What is causing environmental conditions change? State:

What are the effects of human being activities on the environment?

Responses:

What actions are being taken to respond to the changes in the state of environment?

8

The Review of Development of Sustainable Development Index

9

Current State of Development of Indicators of Sustainable Development

Name of Index Country or Agency Scope of Index

Sustainable SeattleGlobal Tomorrow

Coalition, Seattle, USASustainable development

index (urban area)

Green Metro IndexWorld ResourceInstitute, WRI

Environmental index(urban area)

Urban IndicatorsProgramme

United Nation Center forHuman Settlements （

Habitat）,UNCHS

Sustainable developmentindex (urban area)

Social, Economic, andEnvironment QualityIndex for KaohsiungMetropolitan Area

National ScienceCouncil, Taiwan

Social and economicindex (urban area)

10

Name of Index Country or Agency Scope of IndexTaipei City Sustainable

Development IndexSystem

Urban DevelopmentDepartment, Taipei City

Government

Sustainable developmentindex (urban area)

The Life Circle IndexCommerce Department,Ministry of Economic

Affairs, Taiwan

Living environmentindex (local level)

The OECD’sEnvironmental

IndicatorsOECD

Sustainable developmentindex

EnvironmentalPerformance Indicators

(EPIs)World Bank

EnvironmentalPerformance index

11

Name of Index Country or Agency Scope of IndexIndicators onSustainable

Development

UN Commission onSustainable

Development (UNCSD)

Sustainable developmentindex

US SustainableDevelopment Index

SustainableDevelopment IndexGroup (SDI Group),

USA

Sustainable developmentindex

Canadian NationalEnvironmental Index

Indicators, Monitoringand Assessment Branchof Environment Canada,

EC

Sustainable developmentindex

12

The Structure of Taiwan’s Integrated Environmental Index(IEI)

13

Framework

IEI

EPI RQI

Environmental Living

LPI LQI

14

1.Environmental Pollution Indicators

Environmentalpollution

Air

Water

Waste

Noise

Percentage of days onwhich PSI > 100

The quality of underground water

Percentage of river's lengthaffected by pollution

Rate of refuse disposal

Rate of toxic refuse disposal

The percentage of substandardon noise index

The quality of reservoir water

15

2.Resource Quantity Indicators

ResourceQuantity

Agriculturalresource

Forestryresource

Fisheryresource

Waterresource

Cultivated land area(per population)

Fishery Production(per population)

Valid climate(per population)

Forest land area(per population)

16

3.Living Pollution Indicators

LivingPollution

Air

Water

Waste

Noise

Case of Air PollutionExamination & Charge

Case of Waste PollutionExamination & Charge

Case of Noise PollutionExamination & Charge

Case of Water PollutionExamination & Charge

17

4.Living Quality Indicators

LivingQuality

Living

Traffic

Eat

Health

Population density of urbanplanning districts

Substandard rate of tap-waterquality

Members of doctor

Cars density

Total area of playground ( per10000 population)

Entertainment

18

Materials and Methods

19

1. The Data

2. Normalization

3. Methods of Weight Selection

20

The Data

1. The data used in this paper are based on statistics available in September 2000.Much of this data has been published in Yearbook of Environmental Protection Statistics, Taiwan Area, the Republic of china. Supplementary data have been taken from other sources as well as from selected national reports and yearbooks.

2. We remove out some issues due to the difficulties in obtaining data.

21

Normalization

Since most of the units of environmental indicators are different, the values of these indicators are transformed into between zero and one by shifting and scaling.

bax ,

abaxy

1,0y

22

Methodology

Environment pollution indicators - equal weight Resource quality indicators - equal weight Living pollution indicators - equal weight Living quality indicators - equal weight Integrated environmental index- unequal weight

above four index(108)

23

Main Results

24

1.Environment Pollution Index

0.00

0.10

0.20

0.30

0.40

0.50

0.60

0.70

1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

Sustainable

25

2.Resource Quality Index

0.000.100.200.300.400.500.600.700.80

1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000

sustainable

26

3.Living Pollution index

0.000.100.200.300.400.500.600.700.800.90

1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000

sustainable

27

4.Living Quality Index

0.00

0.10

0.20

0.30

0.40

0.50

0.60

0.70

1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000

sustainable

28

5.Integrated Environmental Index -Equal Weight

0.00

0.10

0.20

0.30

0.40

0.50

0.60

0.70

1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

sustainable

29

6.Integrated Environmental Index - Unequal Weight

0.30.35

0.40.45

0.50.55

0.60.65

0.70.75

1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

e9l1 w:6,4,5,5

e9l1 w:7,3,5,5

e9l1 w8,2,5,5

e9l1 w:6,4,64

e9l1 w:7,3,6,4

e9l1 w8,2,6,4

e9l1 w6,4,7,3

e9l1 w7,3,7,3

e9l1 w8,2,7,3

e9l1 w6,4,8,2

e9l1 w7,3,8,2

e9l1 w8,2,8,2

30

0.35

0.4

0.45

0.5

0.55

0.6

0.65

0.7

1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

e7l3 w:6,4,5,5

e7l3 w:7,3,5,5

e7l3 w8,2,5,5

e7l3 w:6,4,64

e7l3 w:7,3,6,4

e7l3 w8,2,6,4

e7l3 w6,4,7,3

e7l3 w7,3,7,3

e7l3 w8,2,7,3

e7l3 w6,4,8,2

e7l3 w7,3,8,2

e7l3 w8,2,8,2

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0.35

0.40

0.45

0.50

0.55

0.60

0.65

0.70

1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

e5l5 w:6,4,5,5

e5l5 w:7,3,5,5

e5l5 w8,2,5,5

e5l5 w:6,4,64

e5l5 w:7,3,6,4

e5l5 w8,2,6,4

e5l5 w6,4,7,3

e5l5 w7,3,7,3

e5l5 w8,2,7,3

e5l5 w6,4,8,2

e5l5 w7,3,8,2

e5l5 w8,2,8,2

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0.35

0.40

0.45

0.50

0.55

0.60

0.65

0.70

1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

e3l7 w:6,4,5,5

e3l7 w:7,3,5,5

e3l7 w8,2,5,5

e3l7 w:6,4,64

e3l7 w:7,3,6,4

e3l7 w8,2,6,4

e3l7 w6,4,7,3

e3l7 w7,3,7,3

e3l7 w8,2,7,3

e3l7 w6,4,8,2

e3l7 w7,3,8,2

e3l7 w8,2,8,2

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0.35

0.40

0.45

0.50

0.55

0.60

0.65

0.70

1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

e1l9 w:6,4,5,5

e1l9 w:7,3,5,5

e1l9 w8,2,5,5

e1l9 w:6,4,64

e1l9 w:7,3,6,4

e1l9 w8,2,6,4

e1l9 w6,4,7,3

e1l9 w7,3,7,3

e1l9 w8,2,7,3

e1l9 w6,4,8,2

e1l9 w7,3,8,2

e1l9 w8,2,8,2

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Per Capita GDP Deflate IEI

35

0

100000

200000

300000

400000

500000

600000

700000

800000

1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

e8l2 w:6,4,5,5

e8l2 w:7,3,5,5

e8l2 w8,2,5,5

e8l2 w:6,4,64

e8l2 w:7,3,6,4

e8l2 w8,2,6,4

e8l2 w6,4,7,3

e8l2 w7,3,7,3

e8l2 w8,2,7,3

e8l2 w6,4,8,2

e8l2 w7,3,8,2

e8l2 w8,2,8,2

GDP

36

0

100000

200000

300000

400000

500000

600000

1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

e2l8 w:6,4,5,5

e2l8 w:7,3,5,5

e2l8 w8,2,5,5

e2l8 w:6,4,64

e2l8 w:7,3,6,4

e2l8 w8,2,6,4

e2l8 w6,4,7,3

e2l8 w7,3,7,3

e2l8 w8,2,7,3

e2l8 w6,4,8,2

e2l8 w7,3,8,2

e2l8 w8,2,8,2

GDP

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Conclusion The last sixes year, environmental pollution improvement

gets better off. Resource quantity index look likes U shape, it means that

resource quantity gets worse off initially, however, after 1993 gets better off.

Living pollution seems gets worse off with time. Living quality gets worse off initially, until 1996 gets

better off. Integrated Environmental Index decreasing with time

when the weight of environment index is greater than living index.

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Integrated Environmental Index will upward shift with the weight of Living Index gets larger.

The value of per capita GDP deflate the integrated environmental index will increase with time.

Thank You for Your Attention