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TEXTILE INDUSTRY REPORT
‐ By Dun & Bradstreet India
OVERVIEW OF THE TEXTILE INDUSTRY
The Indian textile industry is one the largest and oldest sectors in the country and among the most important in the economy in terms of output, investment and employment. The sector employs nearly 35 million people and after agriculture, is the second‐highest employer in the country. Its importance is underlined by the fact that it accounts for around 4% of Gross Domestic Product, 14% of industrial production, 9% of excise collections, 18% of employment in the industrial sector, and 16% of the country’s total exports earnings. With direct linkages to the rural economy and the agriculture sector, it has been estimated that one of every six households in the country depends on this sector, either directly or indirectly, for its livelihood.
A strong raw material production base, a vast pool of skilled and unskilled personnel, cheap labour, good export potential and low import content are some of the salient features of the Indian textile industry. This is a traditional, robust, well‐established industry, enjoying considerable demand in the domestic as well as global markets.
India visàvis Global Textiles
The global textile and clothing industry is estimated to be worth about US$ 4,395 bn and currently global trade in textiles and clothing stands at around US$ 360 bn. The US market is the largest, estimated to be growing at 5% per year, and in combination with the EU nations, accounts for 64% of clothing consumption.
The Indian textile industry is valued at US$ 36 bn with exports totalling US$ 17 bn in 2005‐2006. At the global level, India’s textile exports account for just 4.72% of global textile and clothing exports. The export basket includes a wide range of items including cotton yarn and fabrics, man‐made yarn and fabrics, wool and silk fabrics, made‐ups and a variety of garments. Quota constraints and shortcomings in producing value‐added fabrics and garments and the absence of contemporary design facilities are some of the challenges that have impacted textile exports from India.
India’s presence in the international market is significant in the areas of fabrics and yarn.
India is the largest exporter of yarn in the international market and has a share of 25% in world cotton yarn exports
India accounts for 12% of the world’s production of textile fibres and yarn In terms of spindleage, the Indian textile industry is ranked second, after China, and
accounts for 23% of the world’s spindle capacity Around 6% of global rotor capacity is in India
The country has the highest loom capacity, including handlooms, with a share of 61% in world loomage.
India’s Textile Industry Structure
Cotton textiles continue to form the predominant base of the Indian textile industry, though other types of fabric have gained share in recent years. In 1995‐96, the share of cotton and manmade fabric was 60% and 27% respectively. More recently, cotton fabrics accounted for 46% of the total fabric produced in 2005‐06, while man‐made fibres held a share of 41%. This represents a clear shift in consumer preferences towards man‐made fabric.
The Textile and Apparel supply chain
The fibre and yarn‐specific configuration of the textile industry includes almost all types of textile fibres, encompassing natural fibres such as cotton, jute, silk and wool; synthetic / man‐made fibres such as polyester, viscose, nylon, acrylic and polypropylene (PP) as well as multiple blends of such fibres and filament yarns such as partially oriented yarn (POY). The type of yarn used is dictated by the end product being manufactured.
The Man‐made textile industry comprises fibre and filament yarn manufacturing units of cellulosic and non‐cellulosic origin. The cellulosic fibre/yarn industry is under the administrative control of the Ministry of Textiles, while the non‐cellulosic industry is under the administrative control of the Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilisers.
It is well‐established that India possesses a natural advantage in terms of raw material availability. India is the largest producer of jute, the second‐largest producer of silk, the third‐largest producer of cotton and cellulosic fibre/yarn and fifth‐largest producer of synthetic fibres/yarn.
The industry structure is fully vertically integrated across the value chain, extending from fibre to fabric to garments. At the same time, it is a highly fragmented sector, and comprises small‐scale, non‐integrated spinning, weaving, finishing, and apparel‐making enterprises. The unorganised sector forms the bulk of the industry, comprising handlooms, powerlooms, hosiery and knitting, and also readymade garments, khadi and carpet manufacturing units. The organised mill sector consists of spinning mills involved only in spinning activities and composite mills where spinning, weaving and processing activities are carried out under a single roof.
As in January 2006, there were 1779 cotton/man‐made fibre textile mills in the organised sector, with an installed capacity of 34.1 million spindles and 395,000 rotors. Of these, 218 were composite mills which accounted for just 3% of total fabric production, with 97% of fabric production happening in the unorganised segment. Cloth production in the mill sector has fallen from 1,714 million sq mtrs in 1999‐2000 to a projected 1,493 million sq mtrs in 2005‐06, declining at a rate of 2% per annum. As a result, the number of sick units in the organised segment has also been growing rapidly.
The competitiveness of composite mills has declined in comparison to the powerlooms in the decentralised segment. Policy restrictions relating to labour laws and the fiscal advantages enjoyed by the handloom and powerloom sectors have been identified as two of the major constraints responsible for the declining scenario of the mill sector.
Nonetheless, overall cloth production in the country has been growing at 3.5% per annum since 2000, with growth driven largely by the powerloom sector. Being the largest manufacturer of fabric in the country, the powerloom sector produces a wide variety of cloth, both grey as well as processed. According to the Ministry of Textiles, there are 1.923 mn powerlooms in the country distributed over 430,000 units. The sector accounts for 63% of the total cloth production in the country and provides employment to 4.815 mn people.
The handloom sector is the second‐highest employer in the country after agriculture. The sector accounts for 13% of the total cloth produced in the country, not including wool, silk and handspun yarn. The production of handloom fabrics had gone up to 4629 mn sq mtrs in 2005, from 500 mn sq mtrs in the 1950s, representing an annual growth of around 4%. The sector is weighed down by several problems such as obsolete technology, unorganised production systems, low The Man‐made textile industry comprises fibre and filament yarn manufacturing units of cellulosic and non‐cellulosic origin. The cellulosic fibre/yarn industry is under the administrative control of the Ministry of Textiles, while the non‐cellulosic industry is under the administrative control of the Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilisers. XV productivity, weak marketing links, overall stagnation in demand and competition from the powerloom and mill sectors.
Knitting and hosiery units account for around 17% of fabric production in the country. According to data available for the year 2000, India had about 6,000 knitting units registered as producers or exporters and most of these units were registered as small‐scale units.
Trends in Production
Yarn and fabric production has been growing annually at 1.9% and 2.7% respectively, since 2000. Yarn production has increased from 3,940 mn kg in 1999‐ 00 to 4,326 mn kg in 2004‐05. Man‐made yarn has driven much of this, showing a robust growth of 4.3% in the last five years. Spun yarn production and the cotton yarn sector have also grown, albeit less impressively, recording growths of 2.4% and 0.6% respectively.
Source: Ministry of Textiles, GoI
Fabric production has been growing at 2.7% annually between 2000 and 2005, driven primarily by the smallscale, independent powerloom sector. Growth in the 100% non‐cotton segment touched 5%, followed by cotton fabric at 1.5% and blended fabric at 0.3%. Fabric production touched a peak 45,378 million sq mtrs in 2004‐05, and in Nov 06, production recorded a robust 9% growth compared to the corresponding period in the previous year.
Source: Ministry of Textiles, GoI
Trade Scenario
According to the provisional DGCI&S data, textile exports during fiscal 2005‐ 06 stood at around US$17 billion, recording a 22% growth year‐on‐year. Except for man‐made textiles, all segments in the textile industry, including handicraft carpets, wool and silk, have recorded a growth in exports during 2005‐06 ‐‐ the first year since the phasing out of the quota system in the global market.
Readymade garments (RMG) is the largest export segment, accounting for a considerable 45% of total textile exports. This segment has benefited significantly with the termination of the Multi‐Fibre Arrangement (MFA) in Jan 05. In 2005‐06, total RMG exports grew by 29%, touching US$ 7.75 bn. In 2003‐04 and 2004‐05, the growth in RMG exports was 8.5% and 4.1% respectively. The jump in 2005‐06 exports has been largely due to the elimination of quotas.
Exports of cotton textiles ‐‐ which include yarn, fabric and made‐ups ‐‐ constitute over 2/3rd of total textiles exports (excluding readymade garments). Overall, this segment accounts for 26% of total textile exports. According to the Ministry of Textiles, in 2005‐06, total cotton textile exports Source: Ministry of Textiles, GoI Source: Ministry of Textiles, GoI XVI were worth US$ 4.5 bn, implying a growth of 27% over the exports in 2004‐05, which were worth US$ 3.5 bn.
Man‐made textiles exports have witnessed a decline of 2.5% in 2005‐06. Between 1999‐2000 and 2002‐03, man‐made textiles exports were growing at around 30% per annum. The slowdown began since 2003‐04 and have been on the decline since.
Major export destinations for India’s textile and apparel products are the US and EU, which together accounted for over 75% of demand. Exports to the US have further increased since 2005, post the termination of the MFA. Analysis of trade figures by the US Census Bureau shows that post‐MFA, imports from India into the US have been nearly 27% higher than in the corresponding period in 2004‐05.
Segmentwise Exports, 20022006 (US$ bn)
Category 200203 200304 200405 200506
Cotton Textiles 3.62 3.68 3.54 4.49 Manmade Textiles 1.53 1.86 2.05 2.00 Silk 0.49 0.56 0.59 0.69 Wool 0.29 0.35 0.42 0.47 Ready Made Garments 5.75 5.92 6.02 7.75 Handicrafts 1.42 1.11 1.01 1.24 Jute 0.20 0.25 0.28 0.29 Coir & Coir Manufactures 0.08 0.08 0.11 0.13 Total 13.37 13.80 14.03 17.08
Investments
Investments in the textiles sector can be assessed on the basis of three factors:
Plan schemes such as the Technology Upgradation Funds Scheme (TUFS), Technology Mission on Cotton, Apparel Parks, etc. ‐‐ Under the TUFS scheme, a total of Rs 916 bn has been disbursed for technology upgradation. There are around 26 Apparel Parks in eight states in India, with a total estimated investment of Rs 134 bn
Industrial Entrepreneurship Memorandums implemented from 1992 to Aug 06, amounting to Rs 263 bn
Foreign Direct Investments inflows worth US$ 910 mn have been received by the textile industry between Aug 91 and May 06, which account for 1.29% of total FDI inflows in the country.
Though significant investments are being made in the textiles segment, the bulk of them are in the spinning and weaving segments. A cumulative total of US$ 6.67 bn in investment is expected by 2008. Of this, more than two‐thirds is expected in the spinning and weaving segments, while only 25% is expected in processing and garment units.
Source: Ministry o f Textiles
Government Initiatives
The Government’s role in the textile industry has become more reformist in nature. Initially, policies were drawn to provide employment with a clear focus on promoting the small‐scale industry. The scenario changed after 1995, with policies being designed to encourage investments in installing modern weaving machinery as well as gradually eliminating the pro‐decentralised sector policy focus. The removal of the SSI reservation for woven apparel in 2000 and knitted apparel in 2005 were significant decisions in promoting setting up of large‐scale firms. Government schemes such as Apparel Parks for Exports (APE) and the Textile Centres Infrastructure Development Scheme (TCIDS) now provide incentives for establishing manufacturing units in apparel export zones.
The new Textile Policy of 2000 set the ball rolling for policy reforms in the textile sector, dealing with removal of raw material price distortions, cluster approach for powerlooms, pragmatic exit of idle mills, modernisation of outdated technology etc. The year 2000 was also marked by initiatives of setting up apparel parks; 2002 and 2003 saw a gradual reduction in excise duties for most types of fabrics while 2004 offered the CENVAT system on an optional basis. The Union Budget of 2005‐2006 announced competitive progressive policies, whose salient features included:
A major boost to the 1999‐established Technology Upgradation Fund Scheme for its longevity through a Rs 4.35 bn allocation with 10% capital subsidies for the textile processing sector
Initiation of cluster development for handloom sector Availability of health insurance package to 0.2 mn weavers from 0.02 mn initially Reduction in customs duty from 20% to 15% for fibres, yarns, intermediates,
fabrics and garments; from 20% to 10% on textile machinery and from 24% to 16% in excise duty for polyester oriented yarn/polyester yarn
Reduction in corporate tax rate from 35% to 30% with 10% surcharge Reduction in depreciation rate on plant and machinery from 25% to 15% Inclusion of polyster texturisers under the optimal CENVAT rate of 8%
To meet the challenges of the post‐MFA setup, the Government of India initiated a reforms process which aimed at promoting large capital investments, pruning cumbersome procedures associated with the tax regime, etc. The Textile Vision 2010 was born as a result of interaction between the government and the industry which envisages around 12% annual growth in the textile industry from US$ 36 billion now to US$ 85 billion by 2010. Additionally, Vision 2010 also proposes the creation of an additional 12 million jobs through this initiative.
SME’S IN THE TEXTILE INDUSTRY
The phasing out of the international quota system is a major turning point for the Indian textile industry – an opportunity and a threat. The textile industry is among the SME intensive sectors in India, largely an outcome of government policies during the early years of Independence. Focusing on promoting domestic employment, large‐scale production in the textile industry was curtailed through restrictions on total capacity and level of mechanisation. Several textile items were reserved for the small scale segment. These policies promoted the extensive growth of small scale textile enterprises that were highly labour intensive, though it eroded the competitiveness of the industry and acted as a disincentive for capital investment.
These policies ‐‐ pursued from the 1950s to the 1970s ‐‐ resulted in the dominance of the decentralised powerloom and handloom sectors in the textile industry, which are mainly small and medium scale enterprises. In fact, many of the large textile companies are also conglomerates of medium sized mills. Statistics released by the Ministry of Textiles shows a highly fragmented industry, except in the spinning sub‐segment. The organised sector contributes over 95% of spinning, but hardly 5% of weaving fabric. Small Scale Industries (SSIs) perform the bulk of the weaving and processing operations.
De‐reservation of textile products has been a priority area for the government since 1997, which was believed to be the most effective way to foster productivity and efficiency within the sector. All textile items were removed from the reservation list by 2005. These measures were a prerequisite to compete globally in the post‐MFA regime. As trade barriers come down and capital mobility increases, large, organised and integrated firms will gain importance in establishing a presence in the global market and to tap opportunities.
In the new scenario of a quota‐free world, the readymade garments sector will play a crucial role in the economy, in terms of contributing to exports as well as employment generation, considering its inherent labour‐intensive nature. In the cloth production segment, the hosiery and mill sectors are likely to be the gainers.
Defining MSMEs
The Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Development Act, 2006, which came into effect from October 2, 2006, define SMEs on the basis of investments in plant and machinery.
For enterprises engaged in the manufacture of goods:
Micro ‐ Investment in plant and machinery less than Rs 2.5 mn Small ‐ Investment in plant and machinery over Rs 2.5 mn but not exceeding Rs 50
mn Medium – Investment in plant and machinery in excess of SSI limit but less than Rs
100 mn
For enterprises engaged in providing or rendering of services:
Micro ‐ Investment in equipment not exceeding Rs 1 mn Small ‐ Investment in equipment over Rs 1 mn but not exceeding Rs 20 mn Medium – Investment in equipment is in excess of SSI limit but less than Rs 50 mn
BuyerDriven Network
The global textile industry, a buyer‐driven network, is dominated by retailers, marketers and manufacturers. In the newly defined business environment for textiles, retailers like Zara, H&M, etc. have redefined the life of fashion trends from the earlier five to six months to around two months. In this scenario of such short shelf‐life, the small scale operations of Indian SME apparel manufacturers gives them the flexibility to service custom‐made orders at low cost. It is likely that India will become a preferred destination for global manufacturers and retailers as well, and big opportunities for SMEs are forthcoming.
Today, apart from the big Indian textile manufacturers like Gokuldas Exports, Alok Industries, Raymonds, Welspun India, Arvind Mills and Madura Garments, several small and medium sized apparel manufacturers have also become significant contributors to the total apparel exports of the country. Cotton knitwear suppliers of Tirupur, hosiery suppliers of Ludhiana and suppliers of home textiles from Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Punjab, among others, have been accepted as high quality and cost effective apparel suppliers in international markets.
These regions are also SME dominated textile clusters that have emerged either due to market access, availability of raw material or private initiatives. The textile industry of India operates largely in the form of clusters ‐‐ mostly natural clusters ‐‐ with roughly 70 textile clusters producing 80% of the country’s total textiles. Based on a UNIDO study conducted on SME clusters in India, some noteworthy textile clusters include:
Panipat, accounting for 75% of the total blankets produced in the country Tirupur, responsible for 80% of the country’s hosiery exports Ludhiana, which accounts for 95% of the country’s woollen knitwear produced.
Clusterbased Approach to Development
Inspite of some natural advantages such as low costs and flexibility, the SMEs suffer from disadvantages of being in a relatively isolated environment.
The Government of India’s cluster development initiatives, involving technical assistance, subsidies for technology upgradation and marketing support, have strengthened the competitiveness of the SMEs, which has also consolidated their position in the global value chain. A case in point is the initiative undertaken by the Textile Committee under the Ministry of Textiles, which has undertaken a cluster‐based programme for capacity building in textile and clothing SMEs in across 20 clusters in the country.
Some key benefits of a cluster based approach for developing SMEs are:
Networking among enterprises Economies of scale Improved bargaining power Technology and skill upgradation Global visibility and being part of the value chain Easier access to finance Greater institutional support.
Among the successes of the Textile Committee’s cluster development initiatives has been the acquiring of intellectual property rights protection for the Pochampally Ikat tie‐and‐dye sari, from Andhra Pradesh. It is the first traditional Indian craft to receive this status of XXVIII geographical branding, and is expected to benefit at least 100,000 weavers in the state. The powerloom clusters in Sholapur and Salem are also following suit in acquiring geographical indications protection.
Another successful initiative is seen in the Terry Towel cluster of Solapur, where some major interventions were undertaken by the committee such as setting up of a polytechnic institute, acquiring quality certifications for some of the units, setting up an export consortium and establishing networks.
The concentration of textile firms in the form of clusters is to a natural advantage for adopting a cluster‐based development approach of the textile SME segment. International and domestic experience has proved that this approach has helped firms in attaining competitiveness ‐‐ a requisite in today’s new market.
Linking with the Global Value Chain
An inevitable outcome of the opening up of the textile markets is the rationalisation of supplier base by large retail chains such as Wal Mart and Gap. Under such circumstances, it will be difficult for small enterprises to individually meet the requirements of these international buyers. Hence, it will be essential to build value networks through linkages with large players who can win large orders, while smaller players service these orders.
This entry into value networks will not only link up small players to the global value chain but also assure a market for their products. Incorporation of textile SMEs as third and fourth tier suppliers will be an effective way of ensuring that they gain from the growing demands of the global market. However, here the role of the government and the large textile companies will be imperative.
SWOT Analysis of Indian Textile SMEs
Strengths Weaknesse Self reliance Manufacturing flexibility
Highly fragmented High dependence on cotton
Abundance of raw materialproduction
Design expertise Availability of cheap labour Growing economy and
domestic market Progressive reforms
Lower productivity Declining mill segment Technological obsolescence Non‐participants in trade
agreements
Opportunities Threats
End of quota regime Shift in domestic market to
branded readymade garments Increased disposable income Emerging mall culture and
retail expansion
Stiff competition from developing countries; especially China
Pricing pressure Locational disadvantage International labour and
environmental laws
Indian Textile Clusters
Cluster Location State Product
Specialisation
Guntur AP Powerloom &Cotton Ginning
Nagari AP Powerloom Narsapur AP Crochet lace Pochampally AP Tie and dyeing Anantpur AP Jeans/ RMG Sirsilla AP Powerloom Warangal AP Powerloom Delhi Delhi RMG/ Hosiery Ahmedabad Gujarat RMG Jetpur (Rajkot) Gujarat Textile printing
Gandhinagar Gujarat Powerloom Surat Gujarat Powerloom Vijapur Gujarat Weaving Bhiwani Haryana Powerloom Gurgaon Haryana RMG Panipat Haryana Powerloom Bangalore Karnataka RMG Belgaum Karnataka Powerloom
Bellary Karnataka Jeans Gadag Karnataka Powerloom Mysore Karnataka Silk Ernakulam Kerala Powerloom Faizlure Kerala Powerloom Kannur Kerala Handloom Mallappuram Kerala Powerloom Palakkad Kerala Powerloom Burhanpur MP Powerloom Chanderi MP Handloom Indore MP RMG Jabalpur MP RMG/ Powerloom Maheshwar MP Handloom Ujjain MP Powerloom Bhiwandi MaharashtraPowerloom Ichalkaranji MaharashtraPowerloom Madhavnagar MaharashtraPowerloom
Cluster Location State Product
Specialisation Malegaon MaharashtraPowerloom Mumbai MaharashtraRMG/ Hosiery Nagpur MaharashtraPowerloom, RMG Pune MaharashtraRMG Solapur MaharashtraPowerloom Balasore Orissa Powerloom Dhenkanal Orissa Powerloom Ganjam Orissa Powerloom Nuapatna Orissa Tussar silk Amritsar Punjab Powerloom Ludhiana Punjab Woollen knitwearJaipur Rajasthan Garments Jodhpur Rajasthan Hand processing Kishangarh Rajasthan Powerloom Sanganer & Bagru Rajasthan Hand block
printing Bhavani & Chennimalai TN Home textiles
Karur TN Home textiles
Madurai TN Tie & dye, hand printing,RMG
Rajapalyam TN Surgical textiles Salem TN Powerloom Surampatti TN Powerloom Tirupur TN Knitwear/ Hosiery
Agartala Tripura Handloom & LoinLooms
Banda UP Powerloom Gorakhpur UP Powerloom Jhansi UP Powerloom Kanpur UP Hosiery
Lucknow UP Chikan embroidery
Mau UP Powerloom Noida UP RMG Varanasi UP Powerloom Kolkata WB Hosiery/ RMG Ranaghat WB Powerloom
Source: D&B Research, UNIDO, SIDO
FUTURE OUTLOOK
Expectations are high, prospects are bright, but capitalising on the new emerging opportunities will be a challenge for textile companies. Some prerequisites to be included in the globally competing textile industry are:
Imbibing global best practices Adopting rapidly changing technologies and efficient processes Innovation Networking and better supply chain management Ability to link up to global value chains.
The Indian textiles industry has established its supremacy in cotton based products, especially in the readymade garments and home furnishings segment. These two segments will be the key drivers of growth for Indian textiles. Readymade garment exports were worth US$ 8 bn in FY06 and will cross US$ 16 bn by the end of 2010, assuming a conservative growth of 15% per annum. According to estimates, investments in textiles are expected to touch US$ 31 bn by 2010.
The readymade garment segment will be the principal driver of growth even in the domestic industry. The changing preferences of Indian consumers ‐‐ from buying cloth to readymade garments ‐‐ have prompted several companies to move up the value chain into the finished products segment.
Strategic Initiatives
Business integration ‐‐ especially forward integration ‐‐ by the larger textile companies has been prominent among Indian companies. Several companies that are engaged in fabric manufacturing, are now keen to enter the readymade garments space. A recent entrant is Siyaram, which launched its readymade garments range in Nov 06, following suit with other majors like Century Textiles and Raymonds.
Most of the large textile companies have opted for an inorganic growth strategy to scale up operations. Acquisition is the most logical step towards integrating operations and building the value chain. Domestic acquisitions are on the rise, while acquiring foreign assets is yet to gain traction. Some recent domestic acquisitions that have been executed in 2006 include KSL & Industries’ acquisition of Deccan Cooperative, and Ambattur Clothing taking over Celebrity Fashions. Another growing phenomenon observed among Indian textile companies is the setting up of manufacturing facilities in strategic regions outside India, where they can avail of duty concessions and reduce export lead‐time. Zodiac and Ambattur Clothing have set up facilities in the Gulf region to cut down on export delivery schedules to the European and US markets. Raymonds has set up a unit in Bangladesh to avail of the zero duty access to the EU.
This trend is seen primarily among the large domestic players, who are trying to achieve sizable scales in order to win orders from the large retailers in the US and EU. Global retailers prefer large‐sized companies that can scale up capacities consistently, keep up with delivery schedules and meet their growing demand. They have clear preferences for companies with integrated design, process and manufacturing facilities.
An interesting commonality in countries with successful garment exports is that they have a much lower level of sub‐contracting than India. A study during the 1990s found that apparel firms Future Outlook XXXIII in India subcontracted 74% of their output, as compared to only 11% in Hong Kong, 18% in China, 20% in Thailand, 28% in South Korea and 36% in Taiwan. Consequently, these countries have a wider base of exports and have done very well in the market for large volumes of uniform products.
Foreign Acquisitions by Indian Textile Companies
Period Acquirer Acquired Company
May 01 Arvind Mills License Of ‘Healthtex’ Kidswear Brand Of Vf Corpn (USA)
Jun 01 Ambattur Clothing Colourplus (UK)
Sep 01 Raymonds Regency Texteis Portuguesa Limitada (Portugal)
Sep 03 Jindal Polyester Rexor Group (France) Dec 04 JCT Ltd CNLT Malaysia (Synegal) May 05 Reliance Group ICI Pakistan Ltd (Pakistan)
Jun 05 Zodiac Clothing Shirting Company Located In AlqozeIndustrial Area (Dubai)
Dec 05 GHCL Dan River (USA)
May 06 Malwa Industries Emmetre TintolavanderieIndustrial (Italy)
May 06 Malwa Industries Third Dimension Apparels (Italy) Jul 06 Welspun India CHT Holding (UK)
Jul 06 Spentex Industries Tashkent‐To’yetpa Tekstil Ltd (Uzbek)
Jul 06 GHCL Rosebys (UK) Source: D&B Research
The exports market will remain favourable for India till 2008, when quota restrictions on China end. Post 2008, competition will become tougher. This will be the phase in which Indian textile companies will come under tremendous pricing pressures and tighter product delivery schedules. Nevertheless, the value‐added segments of readymade garments, home furnishings and made‐ups will continue to grow.
Implications for SMEs
The new business dynamics have varying undertones across the value chain. The segment that is likely to be hit is weaving. The SMEs in the powerloom and handloom sector will face significant churn in the future. Spinning mills that account for 95% of the yarn and fibre production, will move up the value chain into weaving. This will erode the viability of the hitherto protected powerloom and handloom operators numbering over 400,000, who have remained insulated from competitive forces so far. A possible remedy could be for these weavers to align with bigger players or integrate operations that would ensure off‐take of their products.
The fragmented industry structure has in the past been beneficial in generating employment, but will be difficult to sustain in a globally competitive environment. For fabric manufacturers in the unorganised segment, this will mean inefficient units losing out eventually, while the more efficient and dynamic ones aligning with manufacturers or buyers.For readymade garment SMEs, rising demand and preference for ready‐to‐wear outfits in the domestic market will sustain a large number of units in this sector. This will be the most thriving segment in the industry and SMEs will play a key role.
India’s key assets include a large and low‐cost labour force, sizable supply of fabric, sufficiency in raw material and spinning capacities. On the basis of these strengths, India will become a major outsourcing hub for foreign manufacturers and retailers,with composite mills and large integrated firms being their preferred partners. It will thus be essential for SMEs to align with these firms, that can ensure a market for their products and new orders.
Weaknesses of the Indian textile industry include fragmentation of the industry, lengthMessages in this topic (1) y delivery times, delays in customs clearance and high transportation and input costs. To tackle these factors, the Government will have to play a key role. Infrastructure development, reforms in labour laws and significant policy support will be essential.
Source: www.dnb.co.in