THE TRANSLATION STRATEGY OF IDIOMATIC

EXPRESSION IN NOVEL HARRY POTTER AND THE HALF

BLOOD PRINCE

A Thesis

Submitted to Letters and Humanities Faculty in Partial Fulfillment of the

Requirements for The Degree of Strata One

AHMAD FARIZ RIZWAN

NIM. 1111026000012

ENGLISH LETTERS DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF ADAB AND HUMANITIES

STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY SYARIF HIDAYATULLAH

JAKARTA

2018

i

ABSTRACT

This thesis entitled The Translation strategy of Idiomatic expression In JK

Rowling Book Harry Potter and the Half Blood Prince into Harry Potter dan

Pangeran berdarah campuran by Listiana Srisanti that aims to analyze and

identify strategies that use to translate idiomatic expression that found in this

novel.

The researcher uses methodology descriptive analysis to analyze idiomatic

expression. The strategy that use to analyse the idiomatic expression is using

Mona Baker (1992) theory. Process for researcher to analyze the data by pile up

the idiomatic words from the English version and Translation version of this

book. The analysis that has been done by researcher found 10 idiomatic

expression. The most common strategies researcher found in this novel are

strategies similar meaning with similar form and translation by paraphrase.

Key words : analysis, idiomatic expressions, strategies translation.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENT

In The Name of Allah The Most Beneficien, The most Merciful

All praise be to Allah, Lord of the Universe, On the Overflow of Graces

and mercies to mankind who amazingly guides the researcher in the process of

making this thesis. Peace and salutation be upon the greatest Prophet Muhammad

SAW,His Family,companion and adherents, who changed the world from

darkness into the lightness.

On this occasion, the researcher wants to say many thank to his beloved

parent (Alm M. Husin and Maryam) and his siblings who kept,taught, advised and

prayed for his success. The researcher also wants to give his gratitude Mr. M.

Agus Suriadi, M. Hum as the researcher advisor for their time, guidance, patience,

kindness, contribution in correcting and helping her in finisihis his thesis.

The researcher would like to express his appreciation to the following

people, namely :

1. Prof. Dr. Sukron Kamil, M.Ag, the Dean of Letters and Humanities

Faculty State Islamic University of Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta.

2. Mr. Dr. H Muhammad Farkhan M.pd the Assistant of Dean of Letters and

Humanities Faculty, State Islamic of Syarif Hidayatullah, Jakarta

3. Mr. Drs. Saefudin, M.Pd, The Head of English Letters Department and

Ms. Elve Okatfiyani, M.Hum, the Secretary of English Letter

Departement.

4. All lectures and staff of Adab and Humanities faculty.

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5. Researcher colleagues Namira and Ka Rosma

6. Ms. Dini Herpriandini Manager operational in Prime Freight Indonesia

7. To All people and friends who are not mentione thank you very much

May Allah the hearerand all-Knower always bless‟ protect and gives them more

than they have given to the researcher.Hopefully this thesis will be advantageous

for all people who read it.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................ i

APPROVAL SHEET ............................................................................................ ii

LEGALIZATION ................................................................................................ iii

DECLARATION .................................................................................................. iv

ACKNOWLEDGMENT ....................................................................................... v

TABLE OF CONTENTS .................................................................................... vii

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ........................................................................... 1

A. Background of Study .................................................................................. 1

B. Focus of the Research ................................................................................. 4

C. Research Question ..................................................................................... 4

D. Significant of the Research ......................................................................... 4

E. Objective of The Research.......................................................................... 4

F. Methodology Of The Research ................................................................... 5

1. Method of Research .............................................................................. 5

2. Technique of Data Analysis ................................................................. 5

3. The Unit of Analysis ............................................................................. 5

4. Time and Venue .................................................................................... 5

CHAPTER II THEORITICAL FRAME WORK .............................................. 6

A. Previous Research ...................................................................................... 6

B. Definition of Translation ............................................................................ 8

C. The Objective of Translation ...................................................................... 9

D. The Process of Translation ......................................................................... 9

E. Idiom ......................................................................................................... 11

F. Categorizing Idiom .................................................................................. 12

G. Translation Strategy of Idiomatic Expression............................................15

H. Equivalence in Translation........................................................................18

CHAPTER III RESEARCH FINDING ............................................................ 20

A. Data Description ....................................................................................... 20

viii

B. Data Analysis ........................................................................................... 21

CHAPTER IV CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ..................................... 30

A. Conclusion ............................................................................................... 30

B. Suggestion ............................................................................................... 31

BIBLIOGRAPHY ................................................................................................ 32

1

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

A. BACKGROUND OF STUDY

Novel is one of popular text among other literary works that most of

people have been read until now. Besides to entertain people, novel also become a

source for researchers on literary field.

Novel, according some sources are an invented prose narrative of

considerable lenght anda certain complexity that deals imaginatively with human

experience,usually through a connected sequence of events invloving a group of

person in spesific setting.1 Furthermore New mark said “Novel or short story is

the complex literary work that usually has a variety of characters and plot”2 from

the above explanation we can understand that novel is literary work delivered

narratively telling about human experience with has variety of characters and

plot.

Novel deals imaginatively with human experience. It is not only has a

variety of characters and plot but also create various sub-genre. The types of sub-

genre are bildungsroman, picaresque, historical, gothic, epistolary,science

fiction, metafiction, the social novel and romance short story.3 The

Bildungsroman is from German word Bildung and Roman which translate to

english as “novel education” it usually portrayed the journey or the development

1https://www.britannica.com/art/novel

2Ibid

3Ibid

2

of protagonist character from childhood to maturity. The bildungroman usually

tell the reader about the struggle and conflict that protagonist face in their life,

which in the end of the story protagonist will overcome their struggle and can

become a valid and a hero for their society. This type of sub-genre is applied in

Harry Potter novel series by J.K Rowling that tells about chronicle life of a wizard

boy, Harry Potter and his best friends Hermione Granger and Ron Weasley, they

are student at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry. The main story focus

of this novel is Harry‟s struggle against Lord Voldemort, the Dark wizard who

intends to become immortal, to overthrow the Ministry of Magic, subjugate non-

magic people and destroy anyone who stands in his way4. On July 2013, the Book

has been sold more than 450 milion copies worldwide, it is make the best-selling

book series in history also it had been translated into seventy-three languages.5

In the process of translating this novel, translator will be find various

dificulties in translating activity that is not easy to match with target language.

There will be some expression which are difficult to be define the meaning, even

though translator is know the words as word by word but still cannot get what the

sentence esentially mean, the expression could be idiomatic.

Idiomatic words meaning cannot be translated word by word, so it must

be learned as a whole word for example an idiom word on this novel “then you

ought to hold your tongue” . The idiom word Hold your Tongue has to be

4Harry Potter and the Half Blood Prince Accesed on August 08, 2016

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harry_Potter_and_the_Half-Blood_Prince 5Harry Potter book best selling book accesed on August 08,2016

https://www.news.com.au/entertainment/books-magazines/books

3

translated directly, if Translator doesn‟t really know about idiom from source

language they might be translating word by word as a result it will make reader

difficult to understand or false to interpret the story itself. Therefore a translator

need to have a good knowledge about idiom both from source language and target

language.

After reading this novel, the researcher has found various of idioms.

According to fernando6 he grouped idiom into three sub classes : Pure idioms,

semi idioms and literal idiom.

To translate idiom on this novel, translator will be deal with some or many

difficulties that are not easy to translate to target language. Translator often finds

difficulty on accuracy in target language. It will be good translation if an idiom

word in target language has similar meaning and form but it is rare to find

precisely equivalent words.

To obtain a good translation, translator has to know which strategies are

most appropriate to translate this novel and know the idiom words from both

target and source language also the function and characteristic of them.

So, from above explanation, researcher is interested to analyse idiomatic

word in Harry Potter and the Half blood prince novel which is translated by

translator into target language (Indonesia) using Mona Baker‟s theory. For the

purpose of research to analysed strategy of idiomatic expression

6 Chitra Fernando, Idioms and Idiomaticity( Oxford ; New York : Oxford University Press, 1996)

p.35-36

4

B. Focus of the Research

The analysis is limited only to discuss translation strategy that used by

Indonesian translator in translating Idiomatic expression of from English to

Indonesian

C. Research Question

Based on the background of the study the research question are :

1. What types of strategies does translator use to translate idiomatic

expression in the Novel Harry Potter and The Half Blood Prince?

2. How to deal with meaning equivalencies in translating this novel?

D. Significance of the study

This research hopefuly can be advantage and give more knowledge on

idiomatic expression for the researcher himself and the readers since based on

researcher experience translating the idiomatic expression is quite difficult. The

researcher wants to know how profesional translator solve the problem they face

when they face with idiomatic expression.

E. Objective of the Research

Based on the research question, the the following is the purpose of the

research :

1. To Know the strategies that the transalator uses to translate idiomatic

translation in the Novel Harry Potter and The Half Blood Prince.

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2. To find Strategy deal with meaning equivalencies in Translating idiomatic

expression in The Novel Harry Potter and The Half Blood Prince.

F. Methodology of the Reasearch.

1. Method of the Research

This research is using qualitative method to obtain the information which

contain idiomatic expression in order to find conclusion that are available in the

novel. The researcher attempted to explain the accuracy of translation from the

source language into target language.

2. Technique of Data Analyis

The collected data will be analyzed through qualitative analysis

techniques. The data analysis is applied by using theory Mona Baker to analyze

the text, based on a full and comprehensive study concerning the idiomatic

expression used in the novel.

3. The Unit of analysis

The unit of analysis of this research is the text of a novel entitled Harry

Potter and the Half Blood Prince especially the idiom contained.

4. Time and Venue

This research is begin on the tenth semester started from beginning of

march 2016 in Adab and Humanities Faculty, English Letter Department, The

State Islamic University Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta Ciputat.

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CHAPTER II

IDIOMATIC TRANSALTION CONCEPT

A. Previous Research

There are some previous researches that is related to this research. The

first is the researcher about the accuracy, clarity and naturalness in the translation

of phrasal verb by Ratna Susilawati7 from Gunadarma University Jakarta entitled

Translation Analyis on English Phrasal Verb Into Indonesian In Mark Twain’s

Novel : “The adventures of Tom sawyer” . The results of Ratna susilawati‟s

research shows that the accuracy and the clarity of the phrasal verbs is above

average or good while the naturalness below average or poor. According to the

accuracy, clarity and naturalness are important features that should be possessed

by the translation in order to be good translation. The difference between this

research and Ratna Susilawati‟s reasearch is the theory, corpus and focused of the

research.

The second is the research about translation methods and meaning

equivalence of idiomatic phrasal verb by Windawati8 from state Islamic

University of Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta entitled Translation Methods and

Meaning Eqivalence Phrasal Verbs in X-MEN CLASS movie. The results of

Widawati‟s research shows that eight methods were used in translation. The most

7Ratna susilawati,hendra firmawwan,nurochman translation analysis on English Phrasal Verb into

Indonesian in mark twain’s novel :the Adventures of Tom Sawyer (Faculty of Letter Gunadarma University,2008) 8Windawati Translation methods and meaninng equivalence of idiomatic phrasal verbs in X-MEN

first class movie (Faculty of Letters and Humanities, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah,2015)

7

frequently method that been had found in her research are idiomatic,

communicative, faithful and semantic translation. In her research equivalence can

be classified into formal equivalence and dynamic equivalence. Her analysis

explained that dynamics equivalence was most collected in X-MEN movie as

dynamic more focus on the reader and target language.

The Third is the research journal about translation procedure of idiomatic

phrasal verb by nahid yaramadzehi, Ali Beikian and Fresteh Nadri9 from chabahar

Maritime University, Chabahar, Sistan Baluchestan Province, Iran entitled A

Study of Persian Translation of English Phrasal Verb in Harry Potter and the

Order of the phoenix. The result of their study showed that equuivalence is the

most frequent as well as the most successful translation procedure used in persian

translations. According to the mean of the score received of the accuracy, clarity

ad naturalness of the translation procedure.

From the previous research above, there are some similarities and

differences with this reasearch. First similarity from all the research including this

current research is focusing on idiomatic expression. The differences can be seen

in the aim of the research. First research purpose is to decribe the accuracy, clarity

and naturalness is the good way to translating text. The second research purposes

is to know methods and meaning equivalence between SL and TL, the last

research is focused on translation procedure. However, this current research is

focused on analyzing the transaltion strategy and to find out whether it is suitable

9Ali Beikian and Fresteh Nadri,A Study of Persian Translation of English Phrasal

Verb in Harry Potter and the Order of the phoenix. (chabahar Maritime

University,2013)

8

or not. The translation strategy used here is by Mona Baker which state that they

are :

1. Using an Idiom of similar meaning and form2. Using an Idiom of similar

meaning but dissimilar form3. Translation by Paraphrase, 4. Translation by

Omission

B. Theoritical Framework

1. Definition of Translation

There are many translation theorists that have their own definiton of

transaltion, it is depending how they view the transaltion. Based on the Cambridge

advanced Learner‟s Dictionary, translation is “something that is translated, or the

process of translating something, from one language to another. This theory also

has similar meaning by Hatim and Munday that state the translation as “the

process of transfering a written text from source language (SL) to target language

(TL)”.10

From both definition there is no explicit expression whether the meaning

or message that being transferred and both of theories are emphasis on translation

as process.

Meanwhile, larson stated “translation is an activity to translate the source

language into the target language or the language of recipient which is start the

first language using semantics structure language form of a second”. By the same

10Basil Hatim and Jeremy Munday Translation an advanced resource book ( New

York : Routledge,2004) p.6

9

token Nida and Taber in Choliludin11

adds “Translation as translating consist of

reproducing the closest natural equivalent of the source-language message, first in

term of meaning and scondly in terms of style. They emphasis translation must be

sounds natural to target language.

C. The Objective of Translation

Nida states: He (the translator) is not content to translate in such a way that

the people are likely to understand rather he insist that the translation must be so

clear that no one can possibly misunderstand”

From that statement above, it can be said that translator must translate his

work to be focus in meaning not grammatical so the reader from target language

can catch the message and same impression as SL.

D. The Process of Translation

Translation a text is an activity that eed a process. Nida propose simpler

and more common transalting process illustrated in a scheme as follow :

11

Eugene A Nida and Charles R. Taber The Theory and Practice of Translation (Leiden : The United Bible society,1982) p.12

10

(Analysis) (Restructuring)

X TRANSFER Y

Figure 2 : Translation process by Nida and Taber (1974:33)

The explanation of the scheme as follows :

1. The translator has to read text from source language and figure out what the

meaning and the message of the text. It needs more time to read and also repeat to

read the text to get a clear grasp of the entire content.

2. The translator need to make analysis both through grammatical and meaning

analysis that covers the referential and connotative meaning.

3. Translator need to transfer message into the target language after finishing the

analysis of the text and understanding the message from source language. In this

stage translation is not perfect yet so the translator needs to consult to the more

professional person about figurative language and style to get a better translation.

4. in the last stage, the transalation must be applied with grammar of the target

language and maintain the meaning of the source language. After the process of

restructuring the transaltion has also been completed.

A (SOURCE) B (RECEPTOR)

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E. Idiom

Amineh adelnia states “ Idioms are linguistic expression or lexical items

representing objects, concepts or phenomena of material life particular to a given

culture”12

. Larson state idiom is “ a string of words whose meaning is different

from the meaning conveyed by the individual word”13

. He also states that idiom

“carries certain emotive connotation not expresses in the other lexical items”14

.

Additionaly in Longman dictionary of English Idioms , Idioms are referred to as

“fixed group of words with a special different meaning from the meaning of the

separate words”. From above explanation it can say that idiom cannot be

translated literally because their won‟t be predicted from the usual meaning of

their consituentsand also most idioms don‟t have direct equivalents in other

languages since they are very cultural by nature and simply translating them

literally will result essentially nonsense in other language. For example the idiom

“Hold your tongue” refer to not say something hardly and in indonesian is

translated as “...kau harus tutup mulut” we can see that if this idiom will be

translated word by word as “... tahan lidahmu” it will make no sense to the

readers.

Mona Baker states in her book that idioms are frozen paterns of language

which allow little or no variation in form and often carry meanings which cannot

12

Amineh adelnia, Translation of idiom : A Hard Task for Translator, journal of English studies(university of isfahan,2011) p.1 13

Mildred L. Larson, Meaning Based Translation A Guide to Cross Language Equivalence(London and New York, University Press of America,1984) p. 20 14

IbidP.145

12

be deduced from their individual components15

. So by stating this definiton she

consider five condition for idioms which come as follow:

1. the order of the words in an idiom cannot be changed. The way the words are

put together is fixed and they cannot change their place.

2. The words in an idiom cannot be omitted. We as the users of the language are

not permitted to delete some of the words of a particular element.

3. There are no extra words that might be added to an idiom.

4. No words in an idiom can be replaced by another word.

5. The grammatical strctures of an idiom cannot also be changed.

F. Categorizing Idiom

According to Fernando16

, Idiom can be grouped into three sub classes :

Pure idioms, semi-idioms and literal Idioms.

1.Pure Idioms

A pure idiom is non literal meaning expression which cannot be easily changed.

The example is below:

SL : Hi Tim, Break a Leg for tonight.

TL : Hi Tim, semoga suskes malam ini.

15

Mona Baker In Other Words : A course Book on Translation(London: Routledge,1992) P.63 16

Chitra Fernando loc.cit.

13

From the term above we know that “Break a Leg” is pure idiom, because its real

meaning has nothing to do with with leg. Here is another example of pure idioms :

Kick the bucket, hit the sack

2. Semi-Idiom

A semi-Idiom is an idiom that has at least one word that has literal meaning for

example:

SL : Let‟s give a Big Hand for our new Manager.

TL : Mari beri Tepuk Tangan Pada Manager baru kita.

The example above is one example of a semi-idiom, in which big is the non literal

element while the word Hand is used literally. Here is example for semi idiom

words : middle of nowehere, Fish out of water.

3. Literal Idioms

Literal idioms semantically is not complex like two other of above idioms and it‟s

easy to understand even for one who is not familiar with the expression.

SL : Julia is about coming out of her room.

TL : Julia baru saja keluar dari kamarnya.

From the above example, the idiom of “coming out” will easily understand

because it uses the literal words. here is another example: Pull up,push down

G. Idiomatic Phrasal Verb

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Idiomatic expression is special part of language because of their unique

pattern that different from literal meaning. Idiomatic expression is usualy use in

casual condition in daily life.

According to della summers “Idiomatic expression add color to the

language, helping to emphasize meaning and to make observation,judgement and

explanation lively and interesting. They are also very useful tools for

communicating a great deal of meaning in just a few words”17

Beekman and callow states that idiomatic expression is an expression two

or more words that cannot be understood literally and semantically and the

idiomatic expression has unity function.18

In other word for above explanation, the researcher conclude that

idiomatic expression is combination of words that is has different meaning from

their individual word which create new meaning.

Wyatt states “definition of phrasal verb is formed from two(or sometimes

three ) parts of a verb, and adverb or preposition. These adverbs and preposition

are often called particles when they are used in phrasal verb”19

in addition palmer

give an example “combination of verb plus adverb such as make up,give in,put

down”20

17

Della summers,longman american dictionary (pearson education limited 1999) 18

Beekman,and john callow translating the word of God (Grand rapids zondervan,1974) 19

Rawdon Wyatt, check your english vocabulary for phrasal verb and idiom (London,A & C black publisher ltd,2006) 20

Frank R. Palmer The English Verb ( London, Longman Group UK Limited,1987)

15

H. Translation Strategy of Idiomatic Expression

In translating process, some translator will be face difficulties on

translating idiom. Baker21

summarized the difficulties such as : (a) an idiom or

fixed expression may have no equivalent in the target language, (b) an idiom or

fixed expression may have a similar counterpart in the target language, but its

context of use maybe different; the two expression may have different

connotations, for instance, or they may not be pragmatically transferable, (c) an

idiom may be used in the source language in both its literal and idiomatic senses

at the same time and this play on idiom my not be successfully reproduced in the

target language and the convention regarding idioms in written discourse, the

contexts in which they can be used and their frequency of use may be different in

the source language and target language.

In addition, according to machali22

translator might be mistaken in losing

the tone or meaning of idioms in translating them as they think of the idioms as

ordinary expressions. Therefore, in order to transfer the messages of idioms to be

translated accurately and efficiently, the translator must choose the most

appropriate strategy.

Therefore Baker proposed four idiom translation strategies in her book “In Other

Words : A course book on Translation23

. The idiom translation strategies are using

21

Baker Op.Cit., 68 22

Rochayah Machali Pedoman Bagi Penerjemah( Bandung, Kaifa, 2009) p.3 23

Baker Op.Cit., 40

16

an idiom of similar meaning and form, using an idiom of similar meaning but

dissimilar form,Translation by paraphrase, and translation omission.

1. Using an idiom of similar meaning and form

This strategy is to translate idioms by using an idiom very similar in its

form and meaning to the source language idiom. It must express roughly the same

meaning and be of equivalent lexical items. For the example :

SL : Neville has a big heart so everyone like him,

TL : Neville seorang berhati besar sehingga banyak orang yang menyukainya.

The idiom Big Heart whic means to be kind and generoustranslated into

indonesian to be berhati besar because both of target language and source

language has the same structure.

2.Using an Idiom of Similar Meaning with Dissimilar Form

Idiom or fixed expression in the target language which has a meaning

similar to that of source idiom or expression but which consists of different lexical

item. For the Example :

SL : They were playing cat and mouse in the field.

TL : Mereka bermain petak umpat di lapangan.

The idiom playing cat and mouse which means „alternate kind of behavior

when dealing with someone,often it matters of pursuit‟ can be translated into

bermain petak umpetwhich has similar meaning with the target language.

17

3. Translation by Paraphrase

According to baker the third strategy of idiom which is by paraphrase is

most common strategies to translate idioms because sometimes it‟s difficult to

find equivalent of idiom in target language because of different stylistic

preferences of the source and target languages. For the example :

SL : It‟s a piece of cake to pass the exam since I have studied two month in

advance.

TL : Hal yang mudah lulus dari ujian karena saya telah belajar dua bulan

sebelumnya.

The Idiom a piece of cake which means easy has no match idiom with

similar preference in target language. If it translate literally it become “sepotong

kue”so it paraphrased into mudah which more suitable in target language over

translated by using literal translation.

4.Translation by Omission

According to baker 24

omission is allowed only in some cases : First, when

there is no close equivalent in the target language ;secondly when it is difficult to

paraphrase ; finally an idiom maybe omitted for stylistic reasons. For example:

SL : She might get up the juice to kiss me

TL : Dia mungkin akan menicum saya.

24

Baker. Op Cit.,77

18

Since there is no equivalent in target language and it‟s difficult to be paraphrased

as well so the idiom can be translated by using omission.

I. Equivalence in Translation

Equivalence is an important thing in translation because every translator

always aim for meaning equivalence. Many scholars put the equivalence as most

important parts for the translation. Equivalence translation occurs when source

language and target language are related to the same relevant features of sitaution

substance.

According to25

nida argued that there are two different types of

equivalence namely formal correspondence and dynamic equivalence.

1. Formal Correspondence

Formal correspondence is a equivalence theory that focus attention on the

message itself in both form and content, its main objective is to match the form

and content of the message as closely as possible.26

From the definiton it can be

conclude that the message in receptor culture is always be compared with source

language and it can be said that formal correspondence is an theory that focused

on source languge.

2. Dynamic Equivalence

25

Eugene A. Nida and Charles R. Taber The Theory and Practice of Translation (Leiden :E.J Brill,1964 ) p. 12 26

Eugene A NidaToward science of Translating (Leiden :E.J Brill,1964 ) P.159

19

Nida states that the goal of dynamic equivalence is to produce the closest

natural equivalent to the source-language message.27

From the definition it can be

conclude that dynamic equivalence is more focused sense of naturalness of

translation in target language. The naturalness can make the works is more

readable fo the readers.

27

Eugene A Nida Op.cit. p.166

20

CHAPTER III

A. DATA DESCRIPTION

In this Chapter researcher tabulates the data which are the idiomatic

expressions in the Novel of Harry Potter and The Half Blood Princeby J.K

Rowling which translated in Indonesian Harry Potter dan Pangeran Berdarah

Campuran oleh Listiana Srisanti. The researcher tried to tabulated the collecting

data thorugh the following table:

NO IDIOMATIC

EXPRESSION IN SL

IDIOMATIC

EXPRESSION IN

TL

CATEGORIES

OF IDIOMS IN

SL

IDIOM

TRANSLATION

STRATEGIES

1 How On Earth Bagaimana

Mungkin

Pure Idioms Translation by

Paraphrase

2 Giving Leg-up Memberi

dukungan

Pure Idioms Translation by

Paraphrase

3. Catch the Eye Berkontak Mata Literal Idioms Similar

Meaning but

disimilar form

4 Call it day Anggap cukup Pure Idioms Translation by

Paraphrase

5. Hold your Tongue Tutup Mulut Pure Idioms Translation by

paraphrase

21

6 Hold against Jangan

Menyalahkan

Pure Idioms Translating by

Paraphrase

7 Take off hat Angkat Topi Pure Idioms Similar

meaning with

similar form

8 Rub it in Diulang-ulang Pure Idioms Translation by

Paraphrase

9. Having A word Bicara Pure Idiom Translation by

Paraphrase

10. Not Right in the

Head

Tidak Beres

dengan otaknya

Literal Idiom Translation by

Paraphrase

B. Data Analysis

From the tabulated data,there are ten data of idioms. The researcher will

try to analyze and classify the idiomatic expression by using relevant theory, then

analyze the translation strategies used in the translation whether they deal with the

meaning equivalence or not.

Datum1

SL How on earth was his government

supposed to have stopped that bridge

collapsing?

P. 1

22

TL Bagaimana Mungkin pemerintahnya

diharapkan bisa mencegah jembatan itu

ambruk.

P.10

From the data above, the Idiom How on Earthis classified into Pure

Idioms. The Idiom is translated into Bagaimana Mungkin in target language. The

speaker uses this expression when he can believe about the situation that happen.

After knowing the meaning in translation and understanding the type, the

strategy used for translating this idiom is by paraphrase. It could be seen from

translation “How On Earth” was translated into “Bagaimana Mungkin”which is

more understandable for reader to cath the meaning rather than translate it by

using literal translation.

In this translation, Translator uses dynamic equivalent because it showed

from the use of common word in target language that make it easy to understand

by reader.

Datum 2.

SL The ministry‟s littered with slughorn‟s old favourites,

he was always good at giving leg-ups

p.70

TL Kementrian dipenuhi mantan murid-murid favorit

slughorn, dia memang pintar memberi dukungan.

p.11

23

This idiomatic expression, is classified into pure idiom, this type of idiom

cannot be understood from individual words. The Translator using Baker‟s Third

strategy translation by paraphrase because the form and the words in target

language are different from source language. The meaning of Giving Leg-Ups

according to Merriam Webster dictionary is to give someone an advantage over

others. In the context of the novel, to describe the treat of their teacher that give an

advantage for his favourite student to get job. In target language is suitable with

meaning of target language.

This translation also using dynamic equivalence because translator not

directly translated into target language but find out the real meaning first in the

source language and find the correct words in target language that is suitable.

Datum 3

SL but Harry knew he was trying to catch the eye of the

curvy and attractive barmaid, Madam Rosmeta

P.206

TL Tetapi Harry tahu dia sedang berusaha berkontak-

mata dengan Madam Rosmeta.

P.313

The idiom of catch the eye typed into literal idiom, because both of the

words are use literal meaning. The word catch which means to attract and hold;

to make a contact with and the eye also has literal meaning and if it translated into

Indonesian become berkontak mata. The translator applies Baker‟s first strategy

by similar meaning and form. Therefore this translation dealt with fromal

24

correspondence because the message of the translation is still keeping the natural

meaning from the source language.

Datum 4.

SL Shall we call it a day and go back to school,then? P.207

TL Bagaimana kalau kita anggap cukup dan kita kembali

ke sekolah

P.314

From the data above the idiom “call it a day”is classified into pure idiom.

The idiom is translated into “anggap cukup” in target language. This expression is

using by Hermione granger when she persuade her friend to finish the topic of the

conversation and go back to school.

After knowing the meaning of the translation of the idiom, the strategy

that used to translate this idiom is translation by paraphrase. It could be seen by

translation “call it a day” was translated into “anggap cukup”that was more

understandable for readers rather than translating by using literal meaning.

The translation is dealt with dynamic equivalence because the translator is

not directly translate the idiom into target language but they search the real

meaning first in source language and find the correct and find the correct words

that more acceptable in target language.

25

Datum 5

SL Then you ought to Hold your tongue P.21

TL Kalau begitu kau harus tutup Mulut P.314

The idiomatic words “Hold your tongue”is classified as pure idiom which

cannot be translated by using literal translation. The translator is using Baker‟s

third strategy which is Translation by Paraphrase. This idiom is using

paraphrase strategy because the form and the words in the target language is

different from the source language. The meaning Hold your tongue according to

Macmillan Dictionarywas to say nothing although you want to speak. In the

context of the novel, the speaker used this expression to tell not say anything. So

the idiom “Hold your tongue” translated into “tutup mulut”is suitable with the

real meaning in source language.

The translation also dealt with dynamic equivalence because it shows

from the use of the common word in the target language.

Datum 6

SL Don‟t go holding that against me ! you‟ll be

Gryffindor like her, I suppose.

P.58

TL Jangan menyalahkanku karena itu! Kau Gryffindor

seperti dia,Kukira.

P.95

26

From the data above the idiom “Holding that against me”is classified into

pure idiom. The idiom is translated into “menyalahkanku” in target language.

This expression is used by slughorn when he had conversation with Harry Potter.

After knowing the meaning in translation and understanding the type, the

strategy used to translate this idiom is translation by paraphrase. It could be seen

from translation “Holding it against me” was translated into

“menyalahkanku”that was more understandable for readers rather than translating

by using literal meaning.

The translation is dealt with dynamic equivalence because the translator

is not directly translate the idiom into target language but they search the real

meaning first in source language and find the correct and find the correct words

which more acceptable in target language.

Datum 7

SL I take my hat off to you-or I would, if I were not

afraid of showering you in spider.

P.65

TL Aku akan angkat Topi untukmu-atau akan, kalau aku

tidak takut menghujanimu dengan labah-labah.

P.104

The idiom “take my hat off”was type into literal idiom because both of

the words are use literal meaning. the word hat and topi is similiar in meaning

27

and the form of the language also has similarity so researcher can conclude that

this translation is using Baker‟s first strategy similar meaning with similar form.

The expression of take my hat off usually said by somone who give a respect to

other people.

This expression is dealt with formal correspondence because the

message of the translation is still keeping the natural meaning from the source

language.

Datum 8

SL D‟you have to rub it in, Hermione? How d‟you think I

feel about that now?

P.530

TL Apakah masih perlu diulang-ulang lagi,Hermione?

Bagaimana menurutmu perasaanku tentang itu

sekarang?

P.796

The idiomatic expressionwas classified into pure idiom. The idiom rub it

inwas translated into diulan-ulang in target language. The researcher analyzed that

the translator applied Baker‟s Third Strategy of translation idiom by Paraphrasing

the idiom due to There are no identical word to translate rub it in in the target

language.

28

For this idiomatic expression the translator is dealt with dynamic

equivalence because the translator paraphrasing the meaning of the word so it

more readable.

Datum 9

SL I‟m going to be having a word with them about who

they let buy their products.

P.514

TL Aku harus bicara dengan mereka soal siapa saja yang

sebaiknya mereka izinkan membeli produk mereka.

P.774

The above idiomatic expression can be classified as pure idioamtic word

because it cannot be translated by using literal translation. However it used the

third Baker‟s strategy which is translation by Paraphrase. The idiom was

translate into target languageonly one word “bicara”.

The translation is using dynamic equivalence to make the translation

more natural for target language reader.

29

Datum 10

SL That‟ll be the son, I told you he‟s not right in the

head.

P.176

TL Pasti anak laki-lakinya, Kan sudah kubilang ada yang

tidak beres dengan otaknya.

P.266

From the data above the idiom “Right in the head”is classified into

Literal idiom. The idiom is translated into “tidak beres dengan otaknya” in

target language. This expression is used by character on this Novel Tom Riddle

when he pass by the house of Mr. Gaunt.

After knowing the meaning in translation and understanding the type, the

strategy that used to translate this idiom is translation by paraphrase. It could be

seen by translation “Right in the head” was translated into “tidak beres dengan

otaknya” that was more understandable for readers rather than translating by

using literal meaning.

The translation is dealt with dynamic equivalence because the translator

not directly translate the idiom into target language, but they searching the real

meaning first in source language and find the correct and find the correct words

which more acceptable in target language.

30

BAB IV

CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION

A. Conclusion

After analyzing the data and based on the research findings, the researcher

found two types of idiomatic expression in the SL which were pure idiom and and

literal idiom. It shows that pure idiom was the most used idiom category in the

novel. From this study the researcher concludes that the translation of idiom is one

of most difficult challanges for translator. Therefore, translator should know some

strategies to translate the idiom because the selection of appropriate idiomatic

translation can affect the acuracy of translation.

The researcher only found three out of four strategy that used to translating

the idiom which were translation by similar meaning with similar form, similar

meaning with dissimilar form, Translation by paraphrase. The most frequent

strategy that translator used is to translate idiom words from English into

Indonesian is translating by paraphrase, since they are most common way to

translate idioms.

There are two types of equivalence which are used in the movie, there are

formal correspondence and dynamic equivalence.the analysis explains that

dynamic equivalence which was most collected in the novel. This translation is

often used dynamic equivalence in this novel, as dynamic focuses more on the

reader and target language. The impact of using dynamic equivalence in

translation is make reader more understand the translation. Therefore it can be

31

concluded that good translation is when reader could fully understand the message

from the source language.

B. Suggestion

According to the conclusion above, the researcher gives some suggestion

as below:

1. For The Researcher who are interested in idiomatic translation since the

idiomatic translation drawing the attention to be explored, it is necessary

to conduct further study. Therefore, it is expected for the researcher to

develop their research regarding idiomatic translation.

2. For college student who are interested in idiomatic translation, from this

study researcher hopes that this study can help them to do research in the

field of idiomatic expression.

32

30

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Books :

Basil, Hatim Jeremy Munday (2004) Translation an Advance Resource Book.

London:Routledge.

Beekman,John and John Callow (1974) Translating the Word of God. Grand

Rapids:Zondervan

Baker, Mona (1992) In Other Words : A course Book on Traslation. London

:Routledge.

Larson, L Mildred Meaning Based Translation A Guide To Cross Languae

Equivalence (1984) London : London and New York, University Press of America

Nida, Eugene and Charles R. Taber (1974) The Theory and Practice of

Translation Vol VIII Helps For Translator. Netherland EJ Brill,Leiden

Palmer, R Frank (1987) The English Verb London :Longman Group

Wyatt Rawdon, Check your english Vocabulary for Phrasal Verb and Idiom

(2006) London:A&C Publisher.