The Treaty of Versailles - 1919LO: To understand the difficulties in creating

a peace treaty after WW1

STARTER:

Using the picture: Finish off the sentence starter using the key words

(It does matter if you are wrong)

Contract – 1919 – peace – Germany – France – Britain – America

The Treaty of Versailles was…________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Armistice?

An end to fighting.Signed: 5:12 – 5:20am,11 November 1918,in a railway carriage in Compiegne, France.

Guns to stop 6 hours later:11am, 11/11/1918.

The war ended in 1918 – but how did it affect the world?

Nation Total Number of servicemen engaged in the war.

Number of deaths. Number of soldiers wounded.

Number of men taken prisoner or reported missing.

Austria 7,800,000 1,200,000 3,620,000 2,200,000

Britain (inc Empire) 8,904,467 908,371 2,090,212 191,652

France 8,410,000 1,357,800 4,266,000 537,000

Germany 11,000,000 1,773,700 4,216,058 1,152,800

Italy 5,615,000 650,000 947,000 600,000

Russia 12,000,000 1,700,000 4,950,000 2,500,000

Turkey 2,850,000 325,000 400,000 250,000

United States 4,355,000 126,000 234,300 4,500

Following WW1

How do you think the following countries felt?

1. Britain (David Lloyd George)

2. France (George Clemenceau)

3. USA (Woodrow Wilson)

4. Germany

Treaty of Versailles

In January 1919 the France, USA and Britain met at the Palace of Versailles near Paris to

sort it all outGermany was not allowed to attend

Aims of the Treaty of Versailles

Guilt - find some one to blameArmed forces to be dealt with in

GermanyReparations - who has to payGerman territories - what to do LEague of Nations to be formed

CREATE YOUR OWN TREATY:

• On each desk there is an unfinished copy of the Treaty of Versailles

• There are also four cards with the 4 countries and what they want

• You must try to come to a conclusion about how you will deal with the problems facing the Allies after WW1

• You should not move to the next clause until ALL the countries agree and sign

German Politicians: What you want

•Your country is in a mess

•You are broke from a war that you lost AND you definitely cannot afford to carry on

•The people in your country are violently protesting as they are starving and want the war to end

•You are in no position to argue with the Allies as you cannot afford to go back into war

David Lloyd George (Britain): What you want

• Millions of people in your country have died

• You want Germany to pay for this

• The people in your country who vote for you also want Germany to pay

• You do not want another war like this to happen again

• If Germany do not do as you say you will declare war again

George Clemenceau (France): What you want?

• Millions of people in your country have died

• Your country is completely destroyed

• The people in your country who vote for you want Germany to pay

• Germany is right next to you and you are scared of a similar attack in the future

• You do not want another war like this to happen again

• If Germany do not do as you say you will declare war again

Woodrown Wilson (USA): What you want?

• You are very far from Europe and want peace

• You want the powers in Europe to get along and reach a compromise

• You are not interested in getting involved in European politics

• If Germany do not do as you say you will declare war again

Aims of the Treaty of Versailles:

Guilt

WHO IS TO BLAME? Who will accept the “war guilt”?:

______________________________________

Signed: ______________________________

Aims of the Treaty of Versailles:

Armed Forces in Germany:

What will happen to Germany’s air force?______________________________________

What will happen to Germany’s navy?______________________________________

What will happen to Germany’s army?

______________________________________

Signed: ______________________________

Aims of the Treaty of Versailles:

Reparations:

Who will pay for the cost of the war: ______________________________________

How much should they pay?______________________________________

Signed: ______________________________

Aims of the Treaty of Versailles:

German Territories:

Germany rules over many other colonies such as places in Africa and the Pacific Islands

What should happen to these places?

______________________________________

Signed: ______________________________

Aims of the Treaty of Versailles:

LEague of Nations to be formed

This was formed to try and solve any arguments by discussion and not war

Who will join?

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Signed: ______________________________

Germany accepts full responsibility for war.German army cut to 100,000 soldiers (that’s really small)

German Navy only allowed six battle shipsNo air force

League of nations was set up. It was hoped that countries would talk rather than fight

Germany had to pay money (reparations) of 6600 million poundsArticle 231 of the treaty said ‘Germany accepts responsibility for

causing all the loss and damage’ Germany was required to pay compensation for all the damage caused

No submarines

Read the statements above and separate them into Land, Army, Money, Blame.

The Treaty of Versailles – GARGLE!

Guilt – Germany accepted full blame for the war-- the ‘War Guilt Clause’, Article 231--Germany rejected it as too harsh

Army – army 100,000 men, no submarines, no aeroplanes, 6 battleships

Reparations – £6,600 million (£217 billion in 2011!)Germany lost land – e.g. Alsace-Lorraine to France

Germany kept Rhineland, but had to stay demilitarised.

League of Nations set upExtra points – banned from union with Austria

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gKzZ1OwPXgk

The Actual Treaty• Germany had to accept guilt for the war

• Germany were allowed no air force, a tiny army and no submarines. No German soldiers were allowed near France

• Germany had to pay 6,600 million pounds in reparation repayments

• Germany had to hand over ALL colonies to Britain and France

• Germany was NOT ALLOWED to join the League of Nations and the USA refused to join

• Germany had no choice but to accept these conditions as if they refused they would have to continue with a war

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zCk2x-U9_Qk

1. When did WW1 end?1918 1919 1920

2. Reparation repayments were £____billion 6.5 6.6 6.7

3. They were not allowed a…Army Navy Airforce

4. Germany were…Overjoyed Not very happy Happy

The Treaty of Versailles

If I was German I would be most angry about _____________________________________

This is because _____________________________________

I think the consequences of the Treaty of Versailles will be_________________________________________________

If I could change history and rewrite the Treaty of Versailles I would change_________________________________________________