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“The true art of memory is the art of
attention.”
- Samuel Johnson
Can you remember something you probably see
every day?
Describe the Describe the front of a penny…front of a penny…
• Lincoln • facing to the right• “Liberty”• “In God We Trust”• the year it was minted
Memory factoids• The hippocampus (“seahorse”-shaped) brain area is probably
the brain’s “switchboard” – injuries to it cause you to lose your ability to acquire new memories
• Hand gestures can help us retrieve elusive words from their memories
• There is a biological intersection of music and memory in your brain that links music – not other sound – to short and long-term memory
• Humans seem to remember even from in utero – especially their mother’s voice
• Females generally have better memories for all kinds of details
WHY DO WE
FORGET???
People remember:
20% 0f what they hear75% of what they see90% of what they do
“I hear and I forget,I see and I remember,
I do and I understand.”
old Chinese proverb
Memory “fades”:
the DECAY
THEORTY
Use it or lose it
All forest animals, to this very day, remember exactly where they were and what they were doing when they heard Bambi’s mother had
been shot.
“Flashbulb” Memories
• The intensity freezes the memory• They are not always solid – President Bush said he’d seen the
1st plane hit the World Trade Center on 9-11, but actually nobody saw that on live TV; he was speaking from shock
• Personal life experiences that seem to transform our brains into virtual cameras:– Defensive arousal (car crash, armed robbery)– Threat to self-esteem or social position (pants fell down, fired from a
job)– Related to sex and reproduction (your first kiss)
Memory is “lost” or “misplaced”:
the RETRIEVAL THEORY
When you can’t remember where (or if!!) you “filed” the
information
The tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon
• What do you call trees that shed leaves?• What makes blood red? h--------• What’s the 2nd stomach in a bird? g-------• A stone with crystals inside? g----• Best actor this year? D--------
Memory gets “changed”:
the RECONSTRUCTION
THEORY
Information is made more symmetrical or is coached
• Smythe Smith• Y• Did your Mommy lose you at the
mall?• Eyewitness testimony
Read:
read, pages, letters, school, study, reading, stories, sheets, cover, pen, pencil, magazine,
paper, words
Read this one:
house, pencil, apple, shoe, book, flag, rock, train,
ocean, hill, music, water, glass, school
Which of these words were on the 1st slide?
read, pages, letters, school, study, reading, stories, sheets, cover, pen, pencil, magazine,
paper, words house, pencil, apple, shoe,
book, flag, rock, train, ocean, hill, music, water,
glass, school
Memory is “hidden”:
the PSYCHOLOGICAL
THEORY
Information can be repressed and unavailable
Parapaxis – noun. “beyond” + “act”slip of the tongue
A Freudian slip is like saying one thing,
but meaning your mother (oops)
Memory is shoved out:the
INTERFERENCE THEORY
Old information interferes with getting the new; new interferes with holding onto the old
old facts
NEW facts
Information gets crowded
ou
15 items
KQZ NLR XOJ BTK YSW
Got it?Got it?
KQZ
KQZ
YSW
KQZ NLR XOJ BTK YSW
Try these 15…
BLTCBS SOS FYI NFL
Got it?Got it?
BLTCBS SOS FYI NFL
It’s going to get easier…
WIN SIT LIE
SAW NOT
Were there only 15?!
WIN SIT LIE
SAW NOT
Try these 15…
WAS THE CARRUN OFF
Were there only 15?!
WAS THE CARRUN OFF?
15 letters making one sentence!
Memorize these 15 digits!
In order!!149162536496481
A hint:
149162536496481
Find the pattern & you can add 9 more to make 24 digits:
149162536496481100121144
A big color hint:
149162536496481100121144
1 4 9 16 25 36 49 64
81 100 121 144
A gigantic visual hint:
24 separate digits...
are 1 concept:perfect squares