The Wikipedia ProjectThe Wikipedia Project

Pavel KurfürstPavel KurfürstDepartment of Foreign LanguagesDepartment of Foreign Languages

Faculty of Medicine Faculty of Medicine & & DentistryDentistry

Palacký University OlomoucPalacký University Olomouc

Ways to Teaching and Learning - Hradec Králové, September 2006

Wikimedia FoundationWikimedia Foundation

Imagine a world in which every single Imagine a world in which every single person is given free access to the sumperson is given free access to the sumof all human knowledge.of all human knowledge.That's what we're doing.That's what we're doing.

wikimediafoundation.orgwikimediafoundation.org

Wikimedia FoundationWikimedia Foundation

The Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. is an The Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. is an international non-profit organization international non-profit organization dedicated to encouraging the growth, dedicated to encouraging the growth, development and distribution of free, development and distribution of free, multilingual content, and to providing the multilingual content, and to providing the full content of these wiki-based projects to full content of these wiki-based projects to the public free of charge. The Wikimedia the public free of charge. The Wikimedia Foundation operates some of the largest Foundation operates some of the largest collaboratively-edited reference projects in collaboratively-edited reference projects in the world, including Wikipedia, one of the the world, including Wikipedia, one of the 20 most visited websites.20 most visited websites.

Wikimedia FoundationWikimedia Foundation

founded 2003founded 2003 dependent on donations and alternative dependent on donations and alternative

means of support, including grants and means of support, including grants and sponsorshipsponsorship

free of advertisementsfree of advertisements(for the time being)(for the time being)

WikipediaWikipedia

a project to build free encyclopediasa project to build free encyclopediasin all languages of the worldin all languages of the world

virtually anyone is free to contributevirtually anyone is free to contribute started by Jimmy Wales in January 2001started by Jimmy Wales in January 2001

in one language (English)in one language (English) currently over currently over 5.1 million5.1 million articles articles over over 150 languages150 languages

• English – English – 1,370,0001,370,000 articles articles• German – 460,000German – 460,000• French – 360,000French – 360,000

WikipediaWikipedia

100 other languages - at least 1,000 100 other languages - at least 1,000 articlesarticles• Slovak – 56,000Slovak – 56,000• Czech – 43,000Czech – 43,000• new language editions proposed and launched new language editions proposed and launched

every monthevery month over 100,000 registered users have made over 100,000 registered users have made

at least ten editsat least ten edits

WikipediaWikipedia

the total number of accounts created on the total number of accounts created on the English Wikipedia alone exceeds the English Wikipedia alone exceeds 1,750,000.1,750,000.

some Wikipedias release or plan to release some Wikipedias release or plan to release regular snapshots; the German Wikipedia is regular snapshots; the German Wikipedia is released twice a year as a DVDreleased twice a year as a DVD

WiktionaryWiktionary

a project to create free content dictionaries a project to create free content dictionaries and thesauri in every languageand thesauri in every language

started in December 2002started in December 2002 now available in now available in over 50 languagesover 50 languages over 200,000 entries in allover 200,000 entries in all the largest language edition is English, the largest language edition is English,

followed by Polish, Bulgarian followed by Polish, Bulgarian and Dutch. and Dutch.

WikiquoteWikiquote

a repository of quotations (taken from a repository of quotations (taken from famous people, books, speeches, films famous people, books, speeches, films etc.), proverbs, mnemonics or slogansetc.), proverbs, mnemonics or slogans

started in July 2003started in July 2003 over 45,000 pagesover 45,000 pages over 30 languagesover 30 languages the largest is English with over 7,500 the largest is English with over 7,500

pages, followed by German,pages, followed by German,Polish, Italian and Russian,Polish, Italian and Russian,each over 3000 articleseach over 3000 articles

Other Wikimedia projectsOther Wikimedia projects

WikibooksWikibooks aims to build a collection of free e-book aims to build a collection of free e-book resources, including textbooks, language courses, manuals, resources, including textbooks, language courses, manuals, and annotated public domain books. It aims to help both and annotated public domain books. It aims to help both (self-)instruction of students, and teachers in high-schools (self-)instruction of students, and teachers in high-schools and universities. The project started in July 2003 and has and universities. The project started in July 2003 and has over 22,000 modules from 1000 developing books, across 45 over 22,000 modules from 1000 developing books, across 45 languages.languages.

WikisourceWikisource is a multilingual project, started in November is a multilingual project, started in November 2003, to build a collection of primary source texts that could 2003, to build a collection of primary source texts that could be distributed as free and open content. It serves be distributed as free and open content. It serves Wikimedia's other projects as a useful archive of classics, Wikimedia's other projects as a useful archive of classics, laws, and other free texts. At the beginning, source texts in laws, and other free texts. At the beginning, source texts in all languages (except Hebrew) were all on one site. all languages (except Hebrew) were all on one site. However, Wikisource now has several editions in many However, Wikisource now has several editions in many individual languages.individual languages.

Other Wikimedia projectsOther Wikimedia projects

WikispeciesWikispecies is an open, wiki-based project to provide a is an open, wiki-based project to provide a central, more extensive species database for taxonomy. central, more extensive species database for taxonomy. Wikispecies is aimed specifically at the needs of scientific Wikispecies is aimed specifically at the needs of scientific users, and as of March 2006, has over 30,000 entries.users, and as of March 2006, has over 30,000 entries.

Wikimedia CommonsWikimedia Commons was launched in September 2004 to was launched in September 2004 to provide a central repository for free video, images, music, provide a central repository for free video, images, music, spoken texts, and other free media that can be easily reused spoken texts, and other free media that can be easily reused by all Wikimedia projects. As of March 2006, it has over by all Wikimedia projects. As of March 2006, it has over 400,000 multimedia files.400,000 multimedia files.

wikimedia.orgwikimedia.org

wikipedia.orgwikipedia.org wiktionary.org wiktionary.org wikiquote.orgwikiquote.org wikibooks.orgwikibooks.org wikisource.orgwikisource.org wikinews.orgwikinews.org commons.wikimedia.orgcommons.wikimedia.org species.wikimedia.org species.wikimedia.org

WikiWiki

A A wikiwiki is a type of website that allows visitors to easily add, is a type of website that allows visitors to easily add, remove, or otherwise edit and change some available remove, or otherwise edit and change some available content, sometimes without the need for registration. This content, sometimes without the need for registration. This ease of interaction and operation makes a wiki an effective ease of interaction and operation makes a wiki an effective tool for collaborative authoring. The term wiki can also refer tool for collaborative authoring. The term wiki can also refer to the collaborative software itself (wiki engine) that to the collaborative software itself (wiki engine) that facilitates the operation of such a website.facilitates the operation of such a website.

The first wiki (WikiWikiWeb) is named after the "Wiki Wiki" The first wiki (WikiWikiWeb) is named after the "Wiki Wiki" line of buses in Honolulu International Airport, Hawaii. line of buses in Honolulu International Airport, Hawaii. ("Wiki wiki" means "quick" or "hurry" in Hawai'ian, and also ("Wiki wiki" means "quick" or "hurry" in Hawai'ian, and also refers to a type of fish native to the islands). It was created refers to a type of fish native to the islands). It was created in 1994 and installed on the web in 1995.in 1994 and installed on the web in 1995.

NavigationNavigation

keyword searchkeyword search basic topics (Arts basic topics (Arts && Culture, History, Culture, History,

Science Science && Mathematics, Geography etc.) Mathematics, Geography etc.) and topicsand topics

fields of study (academic disciplines)fields of study (academic disciplines) A – Z indexA – Z index hyperlinkshyperlinks etc.etc.

Wikipedia vs BritannicaWikipedia vs Britannica

if anyone can edit entries, how do users know if Wikipedia if anyone can edit entries, how do users know if Wikipedia is as accurate as established sources such as is as accurate as established sources such as Encyclopaedia Britannica? Encyclopaedia Britannica?

However, an expert-led investigation carried out by However, an expert-led investigation carried out by NatureNature — the first to use peer review to compare Wikipedia and — the first to use peer review to compare Wikipedia and Britannica's coverage of scienceBritannica's coverage of science

The exercise revealed numerous errors in both The exercise revealed numerous errors in both encyclopaedias, but among 42 entries tested, the encyclopaedias, but among 42 entries tested, the difference in accuracy was not particularly great: the difference in accuracy was not particularly great: the average science entry in Wikipedia contained around four average science entry in Wikipedia contained around four inaccuracies; Britannica, about three.inaccuracies; Britannica, about three.

As well as comparing the two encyclopaedias, As well as comparing the two encyclopaedias, NatureNature surveyed more than 1,000 surveyed more than 1,000 NatureNature authors and found that authors and found that although more than 70% had heard of Wikipedia and 17% although more than 70% had heard of Wikipedia and 17% of those consulted it on a weekly basis, less than 10% help of those consulted it on a weekly basis, less than 10% help to update it. to update it.

Nature, December 2005 Nature, December 2005

Wikimania ConferenceWikimania Conference

Wikimania 2006, the second annual international Wikimania 2006, the second annual international Wikimedia conference, was held August 4–6 in Wikimedia conference, was held August 4–6 in Cambridge, Massachusetts, hosted by the Cambridge, Massachusetts, hosted by the Berkman Center for Internet & Society at the Berkman Center for Internet & Society at the Harvard Law School campus. Both a scientific Harvard Law School campus. Both a scientific conference and a community event, Wikimania conference and a community event, Wikimania brought together members of the various brought together members of the various Wikimedia projects in order to exchange ideas, Wikimedia projects in order to exchange ideas, build relationships, and report on research and build relationships, and report on research and project efforts. It also provided an opportunity for project efforts. It also provided an opportunity for Wikimedians and the general public alike to meet Wikimedians and the general public alike to meet and share ideas about free and open source and share ideas about free and open source software, free knowledge initiatives, and wiki software, free knowledge initiatives, and wiki projects worldwide.projects worldwide.

Controversies, criticismsControversies, criticisms

criticised by representatives of criticised by representatives of Encyclopaedia Britannica, Microsoft Encyclopaedia Britannica, Microsoft (Encarta)(Encarta)

attacks both from within the community attacks both from within the community and from outsideand from outside

www.wikipedia-watch.orgwww.wikipedia-watch.orga critical look at this encyclopedia and the a critical look at this encyclopedia and the people behind itpeople behind it

Wikipedia Wikipedia && ELT ELT

source of information in Englishsource of information in English interesting as a phenomenoninteresting as a phenomenon

(the community, controversies etc.)(the community, controversies etc.) comparing English and Czech versions of comparing English and Czech versions of

entries (including computer-assisted entries (including computer-assisted translations)translations)

etc.etc.

Simple EnglishSimple English

simple.wikipedia.orgsimple.wikipedia.org 11,000 articles11,000 articles for different people with different needs: for different people with different needs:

students, children, and adults with students, children, and adults with learning difficulties.learning difficulties.

articles should use only the 1000 most articles should use only the 1000 most common and basic words in English, less common and basic words in English, less complicated grammar, for example shorter complicated grammar, for example shorter sentences. sentences.

simple.wiktionary.orgsimple.wiktionary.org simple.wikibooks.orgsimple.wikibooks.org en.wikiquote.org en.wikiquote.org

Wikipedia in Czech (Wikipedie)Wikipedia in Czech (Wikipedie)

cs.wikipedia.org/wikics.wikipedia.org/wiki

wikipedia.infostar.cz (navajo.cz)wikipedia.infostar.cz (navajo.cz)• computer-assisted translation from computer-assisted translation from

English (English (EurotranEurotran))• very poor qualityvery poor quality• published by Microton (Czech company, published by Microton (Czech company,

producer of the software)producer of the software)

kardiální zastavitkardiální zastavit který je také nazvaný který je také nazvaný klinická klinická smrtsmrt je nepřítomnost systoly: to je, nedostatek je nepřítomnost systoly: to je, nedostatek ventricless srdce ke kontraktu. Kardiální zastavit je ventricless srdce ke kontraktu. Kardiální zastavit je life-threatening lékařská pohotovost to bude vést k life-threatening lékařská pohotovost to bude vést k pravdivý smrt během několika minut.pravdivý smrt během několika minut.

V dětech, kardiální zastavit je typicky zapříčiněný V dětech, kardiální zastavit je typicky zapříčiněný hypoxia od jiných příčin takový jak blízký -topit se. S hypoxia od jiných příčin takový jak blízký -topit se. S léčbou výzvy míry přežití jsou vysoce.léčbou výzvy míry přežití jsou vysoce.

Hovor pro pomoc bezprostředně; nejlépe, poslat Hovor pro pomoc bezprostředně; nejlépe, poslat někoho jinde dělat tak. Počet sekund. někoho jinde dělat tak. Počet sekund. Cardiopulmonary vzkříšení (“CPR”) by měl být dáván Cardiopulmonary vzkříšení (“CPR”) by měl být dáván bezprostředně. CPR jen koupí čas na pokročilé bezprostředně. CPR jen koupí čas na pokročilé responders přijít; to nerestartuje srdce. Jestliže responders přijít; to nerestartuje srdce. Jestliže automatizovaný externí defibrilátor (AED) je dostupný, automatizovaný externí defibrilátor (AED) je dostupný, aplikovat to na pacienta aplikovat to na pacienta najednounajednou a následovat a následovat instrukce na zařízení.instrukce na zařízení.

V případech kde člověk zemře přímo ke konečné V případech kde člověk zemře přímo ke konečné chorobě, oni mohou rozhodnout se vyhnout se chorobě, oni mohou rozhodnout se vyhnout se hrdinným mírámhrdinným mírám a umřít mírumilovně. Projevit toto a umřít mírumilovně. Projevit toto přání známý, pacient zeptá se jejich lékaře pro nekřísí přání známý, pacient zeptá se jejich lékaře pro nekřísí (DNR) nařídí, že který předejde pokročilé srdeční (DNR) nařídí, že který předejde pokročilé srdeční životní podpoře od bytí použitý jestliže pacient jde do životní podpoře od bytí použitý jestliže pacient jde do kardiální zastavit.kardiální zastavit.

Kouření tabáku je praxe kreslení Kouření tabáku je praxe kreslení tabákový kouř do úst. V případě tabákový kouř do úst. V případě cigaretového kouření, to také zahrne cigaretového kouření, to také zahrne inhalovat tabákového kouře. inhalovat tabákového kouře.

Nejvíce rozšířená forma kouření Nejvíce rozšířená forma kouření tabáku je kouřící cigaret, následovaný tabáku je kouřící cigaret, následovaný kouřením roury a kouřením doutníku.kouřením roury a kouřením doutníku.

Zapálení cigarety etc. je hotový s Zapálení cigarety etc. je hotový s zapalovačem nebo zápasem. zapalovačem nebo zápasem.

Jeden z nejvíce obyčejných laskavostí Jeden z nejvíce obyčejných laskavostí položených od cizince je pro světlo; to položených od cizince je pro světlo; to je také používáno dostat se do je také používáno dostat se do kontaktu s někým.kontaktu s někým.

ResourcesResources

wikimedia.orgwikimedia.org www.nature.com/news/2005/051212/full/www.nature.com/news/2005/051212/full/

438900a.html 438900a.html tools.wikimedia.de/~leon/stats/wikicharts tools.wikimedia.de/~leon/stats/wikicharts www.inforum.cz/inforum2006/pdf/www.inforum.cz/inforum2006/pdf/

Kadlec_Petr.pdfKadlec_Petr.pdf

pavel.kurfurst@upol.czpavel.kurfurst@upol.cz

www.ucjlf.upol.czwww.ucjlf.upol.cz