The Wireless Revolution

The Wireless Revolution

Dr. Tal Lavianhttp://cs.berkeley.edu/~tlavian

[email protected] Berkeley Engineering, CET

11

What is a technological revolution?

Historical period when dramatic socioeconomic change results from a technological evolution.

2


Historical period when dramatic socioeconomic change results from a technological evolution. The Printing Press

Gutenberg, c. 1650

Started the Information Revolution

3


Historical period when dramatic socioeconomic change results from a technological evolution. The Spinning Jenny

Patented 1770 by James Hargreaves

Started the Industrial Revolution

4

The Computer: a Modern Technological Revolution?

Is it too early to declare this inventionrevolutionary? The computer

Z1—Boolean logic; 1938 Colossus—WWII decryption

5

Effects of Computing

The Apollo astronauts carried slide rules to spaceThe Apollo computer had only 72KB of ROM

Can you name some example of how faster, massive computation abilities have affected the progress of science and technology since the 1950’s?

6

The Internet: a Modern Technological Revolution?

Is it too early to declare this inventionrevolutionary? The internet

ARPANET—1969 TCP/IP—1974

7

Effects of Internet

As of 2010, only 26% of the world actually uses the internet. And yet, it affects:

Business practices Media Communication Socialization Privacy Information availability

Can you name another medium that makes instant information, instant long-distance communication, and instant massive audience available to “the common man”?

8

Wireless Revolution?

Are smartphones and wireless technologies a technological revolution?

How are Smartphones different fromcomputers, internet?

9


A synergistic convergence of revolutions in: Bandwidth

Cloud computing Apps Social networking

Size Battery life Computing efficiency Screen

Result: MOBILITYWhy is mobility significant?

10

Bandwidth

Current advancement: 10s of megabits per second

Almost freeWhenever, wherever

Significance: Allows for off-phone computation and storage, via

apps and cloud computing Social networking (aka, more business opportunities)

11

Cloud Computing

Cloud computing: delivers service to mobile devices or PCs Computation Softward applications Data access Data management Storage resources

Service vs ProductThus, mobile devices do not

require high computing power and memory

Applications: E-Commerce, learning and healthcare

Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud_computinghttp://blogs.marketwatch.com/cody/2011/04/30/best-stocks-for-the-cloud-revolution/

12

Apps

SiriGPS and navigationAdobe PhotoshopStatistical analysisYou Tube

User friendly, intuitive connection to the cloud

13

Social Networking

Connecting with family, friends—love and relationships

Sharing content (photos, videos, web links, locations etc)—self expression

User profile and likes—self definition

Recommending (Yelp, amazon.com)—community service

Commenting on and creating blogs, wikis, chats—expertise, community leadership

Source: http://therecoveringpolitician.com/contributors/jyb3/john-ys-musings-from-the-middle-maslows-hierarchy-of-needs-and-wants

14

Social Networking

Source: http://www.comscoredatamine.com/2011/05/mobile-social-media-usage-up-80-percent-in-the-uk/






15

Social Networking

Powerful emotional connection to social

networking==

$$$$$






16

Social Networking

AdsPay-per-clickFree advertizing:

Likes Shares Links

“donate”, “vote” buttonsSearch engine

optimizationAmazon, Ebay, EtsyPolitical donationsOnline petitions

Powerful emotional connection to social

networking==

$$$$$

On phone, only possible due to high wireless bandwidth

17


A synergistic convergence of revolutions in: Bandwidth

Cloud computing Apps Social networking

Size Battery life Computing efficiency Screen

Result: MOBILITY

18

Size

Size is vital to mobility and usefulness:

Such size would not be possible without advances in touchscreen, computing, and battery technologies.

Phone 3 – 7 oz

Surface/Tablet /Pad 7oz - 1.5 lbs

Walkman/Player/Pod 0.5 - 7 oz

19

Screens: What was wrong with the old ones?

Remember dumb phones? 1 or 2 line screen

Sanyo phone with internet access: TFT screen, only navigable with buttons.

The old Palm Pilot screen:Resistive touch-screen No multi-touch No fingers Low quality images

20

The Modern HD Capacitive Touchscreen

High resolution arguably the maximum perceivable

amount of detail at a 1 foot distance (960×640, 78 micrometers per pixel)

Supports multi-touch For humans, the hand is the

most intuitive and satisfying tool

21

Battery

Lithium ion polymer battery—flexible and compact Li has high energy to weight ratio Rechargeable Electrolyte: polymer instead of liquid

higher energy density than normal lithium ion batteries Electrodes and separators are laminated to each other

thus, no need for rigid metal casing to press them together no metal casing = lighter battery

can be produced in a variety of shapes ideal for thin phones

Future: nanowire batteries? printable zinc batteries?

22

Computing

Apollo: 72 KB of ROM, weighed 70 lbsSmartphone: 512 MB of DRAM and 32 GB

“storage”, weighs 4 oz That’s over 2 million–fold increase in efficiency

System on a chip

Source: http://www.ubergizmo.com/2011/04/system-on-a-chip/

23

There’s even room for:

Camera and front cameraThree microphonesGyroscopeAccelerometerMagnetometer (aka compass)Proximity sensor Surround sound

24

In Summary: the Smartphone Revolution

In the last twenty years, we’ve observed a convergence of multiple rapidly-improving technologies, including:

Bandwidth Computation Silicon Apps Social networking Battery life Screen

The result is a technological revolution: the wireless mobile device.

25

Documents

The Wireless Revolution