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Theodore Roosevelt
A Progressive President
Ch. 4, Sec. 4
Rise to the Presidency
Harvard grad; Columbia law school
New York State Assembly
NYC Board of Police Commissioners
Assistant Sec. of Navy
“Rough Riders” = war hero
Gov. of NY- Progressive
Angered Rep. Party leaders
“Kicked upstairs” to V.P.
McKinley assassinated in 1901
“Make Him Harmless”
“Our New Watchman” by Thomas Nast
Rise to Power
Rise to Power
Ideal Toy “Teddy Bear” and the
cartoon that inspired it
*Domestic Policy: Square Deal
*Domestic: having to do with the home
1902 Coal Strike
*arbitration: the use of a neutral third party to settle a labor dispute
Threatened to use federal troops to force owners to negotiate (1st time!)
Railroad Regulation
Problem: Interstate Commerce Commission- weak
Elkins Act (1903): outlawed special rates
Hepburn Act (1906): gave ICC power to set max. rates
“T. R.’s Ultimate Wrestling Opponent”
*Trustbusting
Use of lawsuits to break up monopolies
Used Sherman Antitrust Act
Example:
Northern Securities Company (RR)
40 other lawsuits
“Good” vs. “Bad” trusts
Regulation of Food and Drugs
*Meat Inspection Act:
Federal gov’t inspects meat packing plants
Inspired by The Jungle
*Pure Food and Drug Act:
Federal inspection of food and drugs
Banned impure or mislabeled food and drugs
Later– FDA
Natural Resources
*Conservation: protection of some wilderness areas; development of others
Gifford Pinchot and T.R.
Forest reserves, wildlife sanctuaries (51)
National Parks (5) (map)
National Reclamation Act: fed. gov’t makes decisions on water distribution
Dams, reservoirs in West = development
*Preservation: policy of leaving wilderness areas completely untouched
John Muir
Teddy and
naturalist John
Muir on Glacier
Point, Yosemite
Valley, CA
William Howard Taft, T.R.’s
handpicked successor
Taft Playing Golf
Taft’s Bathtub (he did NOT get stuck in one)
Election of 1912
All candidates have progressive values
Republican: William H. Taft (incumbent)
Democrat: Woodrow Wilson
Progressive (Bull Moose): T. Roosevelt
Winner? Why?
Wilson
Due to split in Republican vote