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Theresienstadt or Theresienstadt or Terezin? Terezin? Ghetto or Ghetto or
Concentration Concentration Camp?Camp?
Early HistoryEarly History 1780 built by Josef II1780 built by Josef II 40 miles north of 40 miles north of
PraguePrague Large Fortress was the Large Fortress was the
garrison towngarrison town Small Fortress was Small Fortress was
political/military prisonpolitical/military prison Prisoners included Prisoners included
Gavrilo PrincepsGavrilo Princeps Largest Austrian POW Largest Austrian POW
camp of World War Icamp of World War I
Terezin During Interwar YearsTerezin During Interwar Years1919-19391919-1939
Remained a garrisonRemained a garrison
Housed 3700 CiviliansHoused 3700 Civilians
Housed 3500 SoldiersHoused 3500 Soldiers
German Takeover of German Takeover of CzechoslovakiaCzechoslovakia
Spring 1939 - Germany takes CzechoslovakiaSpring 1939 - Germany takes Czechoslovakia German Jewish Refugees endangeredGerman Jewish Refugees endangered Repatriation of Germans displaces Czech JewsRepatriation of Germans displaces Czech Jews
Prague Jewish CouncilPrague Jewish CouncilSpring 1939 – Fall 1941Spring 1939 – Fall 1941
Persuaded Germans to use Czech Jewish labor Persuaded Germans to use Czech Jewish labor inside Czechoslovakiainside Czechoslovakia
Persuaded Germans to open a Ghetto for Persuaded Germans to open a Ghetto for Czech Jews at Theresienstadt to “protect” Czech Jews at Theresienstadt to “protect” Czech JewsCzech Jews
Organized work battalions to ready the garrison Organized work battalions to ready the garrison for moving Czech Jews to Terezinfor moving Czech Jews to Terezin
September 1941 - Reinhold Heydrich appointed September 1941 - Reinhold Heydrich appointed acting protector of Bohemia/Moraviaacting protector of Bohemia/Moravia
Czech Jews Displaced to TerezinCzech Jews Displaced to Terezin
By end of 1941 7,365 By end of 1941 7,365 Czech Jews arrivedCzech Jews arrived
By May 1942, 28,887 By May 1942, 28,887 Czech Jews lived in Czech Jews lived in TerezinTerezin
Until liberation there Until liberation there was a persistent was a persistent population of 30-population of 30-40,000 Jews at Terezin40,000 Jews at Terezin
Transports to the EastTransports to the EastJanuary 1942-1945January 1942-1945
140,000 Jews 140,000 Jews transported to transported to TerezinTerezin
15,000 children came 15,000 children came to Terezinto Terezin
88,000 deported to 88,000 deported to Death CampsDeath Camps
33,000 died in Terezin33,000 died in Terezin 19,000 Jews in 19,000 Jews in
Terezin, May 1945Terezin, May 1945 3000 survived Death 3000 survived Death
CampsCamps
Life in TerezinLife in Terezin