CINDAS Data Series on Material Properties Volume II-l

THERMAL ACCOMMODATION AND ADSORPTION

COEFFICIENTS OF GASES

Series Editor

С Y. Ho Director, Center for Information and Numerical Data Analysis and Synthesis

Purdue University

Written by S. C. Saxena

Department of Energy Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago Circle and Consultant, CINDAS, Purdue University Division of Engineering, Brown University

R. K. Joshi University of Rajasthan, Jaipour, Rajasthan, India

О HEMISPHERE PUBLISHING CORPORATION A member of the Taylor & Francis Group

New York Washington Philadelphia London

Contents

Foreword to the Series, David R. Lide, Jr. viii

Preface to the Series, Y. S. Touloukian x

Introduction *•'

Nomenclature xv

Chapters I and II xv Chapter HI xxiv Chapter IV xxxii Chapter VI ч xxxv

PART A. THERMAL ACCOMMODATION COEFFICIENT

Chapter I. Introduction and Review of Thermal Accommodation Coefficient 3

Introduction 3 Earlier Reviews 9

Chapter 11. Theories of Heat Transfer in a Gas-Solid System in the Determination of Thermal Accommodation Coefficient 15

The Low Pressure Method 15 The Temperature-Jump Method 22 The Constant-Power Method 27 Other Methods Applicable over a Wider Pressure Range 34

The Boltzmann Equation 36 The Bhatnagar-Gross-Krook (BGKj Model 38 The Gross-Jackson Generalization of the BGK-Model 38 Application of BGK-Model to Parallel Plates 39 Application of BGK-Model to Concentric Cylinders 42 Maxwell's Equations for Transfer of Macroscopic Quantities 46 The Thirteen Moment Method of Grad 47 The Four Moment Method of Lees and Liu-Parallel Plate

Apparatus 48 The Four Moment Method of Lees and Liu-Concentric Cylinder

Apparatus 50 Generalization of the Four Moment Method for the Case of

Arbitrary Accommodation 55 Iteration Methods for the Near Free-Molecule-Flow Regime 58

CONTENTS

Chapter 111. Methods of Measurement of the Thermal Accommodation Coefficient 61

Introduction 61 The Parallel Plate Method 62

Introduction 62 Theory of Heat Transfer 64 Experimental Techniques 68

The Coaxial Cylinder Method 70

Introduction 70 Theory of Heat Transfer 72 Experimental Techniques 76

The Concentric Tube Method 94 The Hot Band Method 96 The Guarded Calorimeter Method 97 The Hot Wire-Band Method 101 The Light Beam Method 103 The Molecular Beam Direct Energy Measurement Method 104 The Molecular Beam Time-of-Flight Measurement Method 105 Other Molecular Beam Methods 110 The Spectroscopic Equilibrium Method 115 The Spectroscopic Non-equilibrium Method 123 The Shock Tube Method 125 The Heterogeneous Nucleation Method 130

Chapter IV. Calculation and Prediction of Thermal Accommodation Coefficients 133

Introduction 133 Theoretical Formulas 134 Semi-empirical Formulas 142

Chapter V. Thermal Accommodation Coefficient Data on Gas-Solid Systems 147

Presentation of Data 147

Procedure for Recording the Experimental Details 147 Interpretation of Key Parameters and Their Effect on the Data 147 Scope of Coverage: A Statistical Summary 150

Numerical Data on Thermal Accommodation Coefficients 151

PARTB. ADSORPTION OF GASES ON SOLIDS

Chapter VI. Adsorption of Gases on Solids 309

A Review of Theory and Data 309

Introduction 309 Theories of Adsorption 310

Experimental Results 316

References 375

Thermal Accommodation Coefficient (Part A) 375

Text (Chapters I through IV) 375 Data (Chapter V) 390

Adsorption of Gases on Solids (Part B, Chapter VI) 395

CONTENTS

Index to Systems for Thermal Accommodation Coefficient (Chapter V) 402

Index to Systems for Adsorption of Gases on Solids (Chapter VI) 406

Subject Index 408