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Thermally driven water chillers :
Market status and new developments
Daniel Mugnier
TECSOL SA
Aix les Bains
25/04/2006
Introduction
The chiller is one the key element of the closed solar cooling systems….
! Absorption chillers :
! H2O/LiBr!H2O/LiCl!NH3/H2O
! Adsorption chillers :
!Zeolithe/H2O!Silica gel/H2O
What are the main technologies and the market actors ??
Market situation
Thermally driven chiller share : 71%
DEC29%
Absorption63%
Adsorption8%
Source : Task 38 survey ; 75 existing installations with detailed informations (chiller manuf.)
Adsorption
! 2 commercial systems (Japanese manufacturers)
! Nishyodo (70-500 kW) => GBU GmbH
! Maekawa (50-350 kW) => Mycom
From 70 kW to several hundred kW...
Historical actors…
Source : UniklinikumFreiburg
New development
Sortech (Germany) : 10 kW
Nom. capacity : 10 kW - COP : 0,6
Generator temp. : 80/75°C
Evaporator temp. : 6/12°C
Condensor temp. : 30/35°C
Weight in operation : 180 kg
Silicagel => Zeolith
H2O/Zeolith
H2O/Silicagel
Source : Sortech
Absorption
Single effect absorption chillers
! Lot of products > 100 kW (Carrier,MacQuay, Toshiba,Hitachi, Ebara, Sulzer Escher Wyss, Trane, LG, Mitsubishi, Entropie,York, Colibri)
! Main chillers used in solar cooling systems :
YAZAKI WFC SC 10 (35 kW) / Thermax (Spain)
! New machines available on the market :
! EAW (Westenfeld) : 15 kW
! Sonnenklima (Berlin): 10 kW
! Rotartica (Bilbao) : 4,5 kW
! Climatewell (Sweden/Spain) : 10 kW
! Pink (Austria) : 10 kW
! Other developments
FH Stuttgart/Ge, SolarFrost/Au, Aosol/Port, ...
Absorption
Solar cooling chiller « market » share
Thermax6%
Broad6%
Pink2%
Climatewell2%
Others (Trane, LG…)10%
Rotartica8%
Sonnenklima4% EAW
22%
YAZAKI40%
Source : Task 38 survey ; 75 existing installations with detailed informations (chiller manufacturer)
Historical actor…! YAZAKI WFC SC 10 : 35 kW
And a new 17 kW chiller within the end of the year...H2O/LiBr
Source : Yazaki
New actor…
! EAW (Westenfeld) : 15 kW
Nom. capacity : 15 kW - COP : 0,71
Generator temp. : 80/90°C
Evaporator temp. : 11/17°C
Condensor temp. : 30/36°C
Electric consump. : 300 W
Weight in operation : 700 kg
H2O/LiBrSource : EAW
! Sonnenklima (former Phönix Sonnenwärme, Berlin): 10 kW
Nom. capacity : 10 kW - COP : 0,7
Generator temp. : 95/85°C
Evaporator temp. : 12/16°C
Condensor temp. : 27/35°C
Electric consump. : 120 W
Weight in operation : 550 kg
H2O/LiBr
New actor…
Source : Sonnenklima
Pink (Austria) :
Nom. capacity : 6 - 20 kW
2 first commerical installations in Sweden & Austria
Contact with SolarNext
NH3/H2O
New actor…
Source : Pink
Aosol (Portugal)
Not yet commercialised
Few information on the technical features
New developments
Source : Aosol
NH3/H2O
Robur (Italy) :
New developments
NH3/H2O
NOMINAL HEATING PERFORMANCES(1)
Nominal heating output (hot water outlet temp. 50°C) kW 35.3
Outside air temperature dry/wet bulb °C 7/6
G.U.E. heating efficiency based on gas consumption % 140
Outside air temperature dry bulb min/max °C -20/35
Hot water inlet temperature min/max °C 2/50
Maximum hot water outlet temperature (T=50°C) °C 60
COOLING PERFORMANCES(2)
Nominal cooling output (chilled water outlet temp. 7°C) kW 16.9
Outside air temperature °C 35
G.U.E. cooling efficiency based on gas consumption % 67
Outside air temperature min/max °C 0/45
Chilled water inlet temperature min/max °C 6/45
Minimal chilled water outlet temperature °C 3
GENERAL DATA
Nominal thermal input (burner) kW 25.7
Nominal electrical wattage drawn (230V-50Hz) kW 0.9
Source : Robur
Broad double effect chiller : R&D
New developments
H2O/LiBr
Future demo installation in France (Cartech/CNRS), Perpignan
Hot water BCT chiller
Direct gas BZH chiller
New developments
Broad double effect chiller R&D
H2O/LiBr
Conclusion
* A growing « market » with several actors
* Next steps : - organisation of the sector ?- reduction of costs, adaptation to technical specificity of solar cooling
* Interesting developments and concepts
* Thermally driven chillers : central position in solar cooling systems
www.iea-shc-task38.org
* To know further on these new actors of the solar cooling world….THE NEXT FRENCH EVENT…
DERBI Renewable Energy conference : Perpignan, 31st – 2nd June 2007Solar cooling Workshop : Friday 1st June, 11. amContent : Solar cooling market data and future trends
Per Olofson, CEO
Participants : - Arsenal Research (Austria)- Spain (Aiguasol)- Climatewell (Sweden/Spain) - Schüco (Germany/France)- Sonnenklima (Germany/France)- TECSOL (France)