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7/24/2019 They Shall Not Perish: the Story of Near East Relief
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@y Pof Alvhtsgyhf eoaai`orithof whtm tml Clfoehbl Lbueithof [rojletifb tml Flir List Noufbithof
I Eurrheuaud Cuhbl nor Rliemhfci`out Idlrheis Plspofsl totml Irdlfhif, Ifitoahif Crllg Issyrhif Clfoehbls
RML UROPX ON
FLIP LIUR PLAHLN
7/24/2019 They Shall Not Perish: the Story of Near East Relief
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Irdlfhif rlnuclls alivhfc Ottodif Rurgly, e. 980;
Blportithof on ifb lxelssls icihfst plielnuaIrdlfhifs hs hferlishfc ifb nrod mirrowhfcrlports on lyl whtflssls ht ipplirs tmit ieidpihcf on riel lxtlrdhfithof hs hf procrlss
ufblr i prltlxt on rlprhsia icihfst rl`laahof.
Id`issibor Dorclftmiu hf i tlalcrid to tml Ulerltiry on Utitl, Juay 9>, 989
7/24/2019 They Shall Not Perish: the Story of Near East Relief
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RML UROPX ON FLIP LIUR PLAHLN
9
Rliemhfc hfvoavls dighfc emohels. Shtm i ahdhtlb idouft on eaissls
ifb alssofs liem semooa ylir, i tliemlr dust blehbl wmit hs hdportift.
Rmhs hs lsplehiaay trul nor mhstory tliemlrs, shfel lvlry biy ibbs dorl
eoftlft to tml bhsehpahfl. Smy, tmlf, hfeaubl i alssof of Flir List Plahlnhf if Idlrheif or Sorab Mhstory eaiss?
Duem on mhstory mis eofshstlb on eofnahet poahtheia, leofodhe, soehia,
ifb dhahtiry. Ontlf tmhs eofnahet mis `llf vhoalft. Rml `rutiahty on mudif
`lhfcs towirb ofl ifotmlr mis fot `llf ahdhtlb to ify pirtheuair thdl
or paiel. Aofc `lnorl Pipmila Aldghf eohflb tml tlrd clfoehbl hf
9822,9tmlrl wlrl dify eisls on ofl plopal systlditheiaay ifb dltmobh-
eiaay blstroyhfc ifotmlr.
Hf tml aist nhnty ylirs iaofl clfoehbls mivl ufnoablb hf Eid`obhi, @osfhi,Pwifbi, Birnur, ifb laslwmlrl hf tml worab. Hf mlr `oog I [ro`ald Nrod
Mlaa: Idlrhei ifb tml Icl on Clfoehbl, Uidiftmi [owlr, i Mirvirb
\fhvlrshty semoair wmo aitlr `leidl \.U. Id`issibor to tml \fhtlb
Fithofs, irculs tmit tml \fhtlb Utitls eofshstlftay mlshtitlb to iet icihfst
ify on tml clfoehbls tmit oeeurrlb tmroucmout tml twlfthltm elftury.
Nrod 98929805 fo covlrfdlft, hfeaubhfc tml \fhtlb Utitls, trhlb
to hftlrvlfl dhahtirhay or poahtheiaay to stop tml clfoehbl hf Ifitoahi.0
Emrhsthif dhforhthls wlrl norelb nrod tmlhr modls, torturlb, riplb,
durblrlb or brhvlf hfto tml blslrt to bhl on stirvithof ifb lxposurl.Ipproxhditlay tmrll dhaahof Irdlfhifs, Crllgs, ifb Issyrhifs5ahvhfc
hf tmlhr mhstorhe modlaifbs wlrl ghaalb. Rmlhr plrsofia ifb eoddufhty
9 Hf Ixhs Pual hf Oeeuphlb Luropl(9822), Aldghf blnhflb clfoehb l is i eoorbhfitlb paif on bhnnlrlft iethofs
ihdhfc it tml blstruethof on lsslfthia noufbithofs on tml ahnl on fithofia croups, whtm tml ihd on iffhmhaithfc
tml croups tmldslavls.
0 Rml Ifitoahif plfhfsuai, iaso gfowf is Ishi Dhfor, wis tribhthofiaay blnhflb is tml irli `oufblb `y tml
@aieg Uli to tml fortm, tml Ilclif Uli to tml wlst, tml D lbhtlrriflif Uli to tml soutm, ifb tml Ird lfhif
Mhcmaifb ifb Lupmritls Phvlr to tml list. Rml Plpu`ahe on Rurgly eofshblrs Ifitoahi to l eotlrdhfous whtm
tml orblrs on doblr f-biy Rurgly, wmhem hs airclr tmif tml mhstorheia irli.
5 Rml worb Issyrhif hs ontlf uslb is i clflria tlrd tmit hfeaubls Uyrhie Emrhsthifs ifb Emiablifs, tml aittlr
`lhfc ltmfheiaay Issyrhif ibmlrlfts to Emiablif Eitmoahehsd.
Fotl to Rliemlr
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RMLX UMIAA FOR [LPHUM
0
proplrthls wlrl slhzlb whtm tml ipprovia on tml Ottodif covlrfdlft
ifb tml Gldiahst covlrfdlft tmit noaaowlb.
Mowlvlr, lvlf hf thdls on clfoehbl tmlrl irl plopal wmo rhsg tmlhr
eirllrs, sinlty, ifb ahvls to mlap tml vhethds ontlf hf blnhifel on tmlhr
owf covlrfdlfts. Uidiftmi [owlr eiaas tmlsl hfbhvhbuias upstifblrs.
Rmlrl irl plrmips fo crlitlr lxidpals on upstifblrs tmif tml dlf ifb
wodlf on Flir List Plahln. Burhfc ifb hddlbhitlay noaaowhfc Sorab
Sir H, Flir List Plahln worglrs eouriclousay `orl whtflss ifb ialrtlb
tml \.U. covlrfdlft to tml itroehthls tml Ottodif ifb Fithofiahst
Rurghsm covlrfdlfts blfhlb. Rmlsl worglrs nlb, eaotmlb, ifb provhblb
dlbheia trlitdlft to tmousifbs on rlnuclls. Flir List Plahln hs erlbhtlb
whtm sivhfc ovlr ofl dhaahof ahvls `ltwllf 989< ifb 985;, hfeaubhfc
950,;;; orpmif emhabrlf. Fliray two-bozlf Flir List Plahln worglrs
aost tmlhr ahvls hf slrvhel to tmosl plopal.
Rml blbheithof on tml Flir List Plahln worglrs smows us wmit hfbhvhbuias
eif ifb smouab bo hf thdls on erhshs. Ofl hs rldhfblb on S. M. Iublfs
pold Ulptld`lr 9, 9858, wrhttlf it tml `lchffhfc on Sorab Sir HH:
Blnlfelalss ufblr tml fhcmt
Our worab hf stupour ahls7
Xlt, bottlb lvlrywmlrl,
Hrofhe pohfts on ahcmt
Naism out wmlrlvlr tml Just Lxemifcl tmlhr dlssicls 2
Uodlthdls hftlrfithofia pro`alds ipplir ovlrwmladhfc. Ht hs hdportift
nor tliemlrs to onnlr mhstorheia lxidpals on plopal wmo mib tml eouricl
to `l tml pohfts on ahcmt wl wift our stublfts to lduaitl. Uuem wlrl
tml dlf ifb wodlf on Flir List Plahln.
Rmhs cuhbl hs blshcflb to mlap tliemlrs smirl tmhs mlrohe story whtm
tmlhr stublfts. Rmhs pu`aheithof diy l uslb is i stifb-iaofl tliemhfc
tooa or hf eofjufethof whtm Rmly Umiaa Fot [lrhsm: Rml Utory on FlirList Plahln, i bowfaoibi`al lxmh`hthof erlitlb `y tml Flir List Nouf-
bithof. Rml mhstory on Idlrheis Plspofsl to tml Irdlfhif, Ifitoahif
Crllg, ifb Issyrhif Clfoehbls eif `l tiucmt hf eofjufethof whtm ufhts
of Sorab Sir H, Moaoeiust ifb clfoehbl stubhls, hftlrfithofia rlaithofs,
ehvhe lfcicldlft, ifb pmhaiftmrophe mhstory.
2 Iublf, S. M. Ulptld`lr 9, 9858. Ieibldy on Idlrheif [olts.
Ieibldy on Idlrheif [olts, f.b. Oet. 92, 0;92.
7/24/2019 They Shall Not Perish: the Story of Near East Relief
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RML UROPX ON FLIP LIUR PLAHLN
5
@lnorl tliemhfc tmhs alssof of Flir List Plahln, tml tliemlr
diy whsm to provhbl stublfts whtm `iegcroufb hfnordithof.
Rml noaaowhfc eurrheuaud cuhbls irl lxelaalft rlsourels of
`otm eoftlft ifb dltmoboaocy:
Mudif Phcmts ifb Clfoehbl : I Eisl Utuby on tml Nhrst
Doblrf Clfoehbl on tml 0; tm Elftury.Uif Nrifehseo, EI:
Rml Clfoehbl Lbueithof [rojlet, 0;;
7/24/2019 They Shall Not Perish: the Story of Near East Relief
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RMLX UMIAA FOR [LPHUM
2
[heturl lhcmt tmousifb plopal, dostay wodlf ifb emhabrlf, eidplb
out hf tml cairhfc Juay suf whtm ofay tml rldihfs on tml eaotmhfc whtm
wmhem tmly mib alnt tmlhr modls two doftms `lnorl ifb fot mian
lfoucm noob to sithsny tmlhr mufclr. Uodlthdls tmly strltemlb upi `ht on cuffy sieg or if oab iprof to protlet tmld nrod tml suf.
Rmlhr obhls wlrl eovlrlb whtm vlrdhf. Ontlf tmlrl wlrl crlit sorls
of irds, flegs ifb niels nrod tml `urfhfc on tml suf. Dify wlrl
sheg whtm byslftlry ifb diairhi. Rml cuirbs surroufblb tmld so
tmit tmlrl wis fo emifel on lseipl. 9
Uo wrotl Drs. Riey Itghfsof hf
989
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RML UROPX ON FLIP LIUR PLAHLN
. Eourtlsy on tml \.U. Ah`riry on Eofcrlss
7/24/2019 They Shall Not Perish: the Story of Near East Relief
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RMLX UMIAA FOR [LPHUM
>
Sorab Sir H mib `roglf out hf
9892. Crlit @rhtihf, Nrifel, ifb
Pusshi wlrl nhcmthfc icihfst
tml Clrdif Ldphrl ifb hts iaahls,wmhem hfeaublb tml Ottodif
Ldphrl. Clrdify bhb fotmhfc
to stop tml dissierls hf Rurgly
(iatmoucm dify Clrdif dhsshof-
irhls ifb bhpaodits protlstlb
tml ghaahfcs). Crlit @rhtihf, Nrifel,
ifb Pusshi wlrl fot hf i posh-
thof to ihb Ottodif Emrhsthif
su`jlets. Rml \fhtlb Utitls
rldihflb flutria. Id`issiborDorclftmiu gflw tmit tml \.U.
wis hf if lxelaalft poshthof to
mlap: tmlrl wlrl iarliby Idlrh-
eif eofsuaitls ifb dhsshofiry
semooas tmroucmout Ifitoahi.
Mhstorheiaay, i covlrfdlfts
iethofs icihfst hts owf plopal
wlrl vhlwlb is tml eouftrys
prhvitl innihrs. Xlt tml Idlrheifid`issibor eouab fot shdpay
witem tmlsl lvlfts ufnoab.
Dorclftmiu mib i bhnnheuat
blehshof to digl.
Of Ulptld`lr 5, 989;,;;;, lnorl ippliahfc to
tml pu`ahe nor bofithofs. Lvlf-tuiaay tml eoddhttll wouab
rihsl ovlr $ 99>,;;;,;;;
lquhvialft to fliray two haahof
boaairs tobiy. Rml Eoddhttll
wis hfeorporitlb `y if iet
on Eofcrlss hf 9898 ifb
rlfidlb Flir List Plahln.
RML ID@IUUIBOPU
BLEHUHOF
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RML UROPX ON FLIP LIUR PLAHLN
3
[moto 0. Dld`lrs on tml `oirb on tml Idlrheif Eoddhttll nor
Irdlfhif ifb Uyrhif Plahln, e. 989>. Alnt to rhcmt: Mlfry Dorclftmiu,Emirals Buttof, Ealvlaifb M. Bobcl
[moto 9. Mlfry Dorclftmiu,
\.U. Id`issibor to tml OttodifLdphrl, e. 9895. Eourtlsy on
tml \.U. Ah`riry on Eofcrlss
[moto 5. I ehty on tlfts smlatlrhfc >,;;; Irdlfhif
rlnuclls hf @lhrut, Uyrhi (fow Al`ifof)
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RMLX UMIAA FOR [LPHUM
=
Rml Eoddhttll rlelhvlb eorrl-
spofblfel of tml itroehthls
nrod lbueitors ifb dhsshofirhls
ahvhfc hf tml Ottodif Ldphrl.Rml croup smirlb tmlsl eod-
dufheithofs whtm tml Idlrheif
plopal tmroucm tml prlss.
Hf 989
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RML UROPX ON FLIP LIUR PLAHLN
8
byhfc on stirvithof, mivhfc fotm-hfc to lit `ut criss.
[rlshblft Shasof bleairlb tmit
Oeto`lr 09 00, 989> wlrl johft
biys nor Idlrheifs to digl eof-
trh`uthofs nor tml Irdlfhifs ifb
Uyrhifs. Emuremls, syficoculs,
ifb slrvhel orcifhzithofs ahgl tml
Potiry ifb Ahofs eau`s rihslb
bofithofs. Emhabrlfs Uufbiysemooas soab aldofibl ifb phls.
[irlfts toab emhabrlf to rldld-
`lr tml stirvhfc Irdlfhifs ifb
fot to wistl noob it dliathdls.
Sorab Sir H eofthfulb ifb tml
Iaahls blnlitlb tml Ottodif
Rurghsm irdhls. Rml Eoddhttll
worglb to iaalvhitl tml sunnlrhfc
on rlnuclls hf [ialsthfl (pirton wmhem hs fow Hsrila), Uyrhi
(pirt on wmhem hs fow Al`ifof),
Dlsopotidhi (fow Hriq), Rlmrif
(tml eiphtia on doblrf Hrif), ifb
irlis on tml Eiueisus Douf-
tihfs flir Pusshi ifb tml @aieg
Uli. Rmousifbs on emhabrlf mib
aost tmlhr pirlfts to vhoalfel,
lxposurl, ifb bhslisl. Rmlsl
orpmifs wlrl on splehia eofelrfto tml Eoddhttll.
Idlrhei mib `llf noufblb,
hf pirt, of i boetrhfl on rlahchous
ah`lrty. Hf tml liray 98;;s, i aircl
slcdlft on tml Idlrheif pop-
uaithof hblfthnhlb is Emrhsthif.
Rmhs ibblb to tml pu`ahes
sydpitmy nor tml opprlsslb
Emrhsthif dhforhthls hf tmlOttodif Ldphrl. Gitmirhfl
All @itls, iutmor on Idlrhei
tml @liuthnua, wrotl i pold
i`out Irdlfhi wmhem `lcif:
Irdlfhi! Rml fidl hs ahgl i sworb
Hf lvlry Emrhsthif mlirt. O dirtyr fithof,
Lablst on iaa tml biucmtlrs on tml Sorb,
Lxellbhfc iaa hf `httlr trh`uaithof!5
[moto
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RMLX UMIAA FOR [LPHUM
9;
Sorab Sir H lfblb hf Fovld`lr
989=, `ut ahnl rldihflb tml sidl
nor mufbrlbs on tmousifbs on
rlnuclls ifb orpmifs. hoalftplrsleuthofs eofthfulb tmroucm-
out Ottodif Rurgly. Flir List
Plahln hferlislb hts lnnorts to
rihsl iwirlflss hf Idlrhei y
dighfc usl on flw tlemfoaocy:
tml dothof pheturl.
Hf Nl`ruiry 9898, Moaaywoob
bhstrh`utlb i rldirgi`al shalft
nhad lfthtalb Pivhsmlb Irdlfhi.Rml nuaa-alfctm nliturl nhad wis
`islb of tml lxplrhlfels on i
youfc Irdlfhif rlnucll fidlb
Iurori Dirbhcifhif. Iurori
hddhcritlb to tml \fhtlb Utitls
is i shxtllf-ylir-oab hf 9893.
Uml mib aost mlr pirlfts ifb iaa
`ut ofl sh`ahfc hf tml dissierls.
Rml dovhl h aaustritlb tml morrors
Iurori mib lfburlb, hfeaubhfcblitm diremls, torturls, ifb wht-
flsshfc rutia durblrs. Iurori
sunnlrlb crlitay wmhal paiyhfc
mlrslan hf tml nhad. Flir List
Plahln mlaplb ibvlrthsl tml nhad
ifb rlelhvlb pirt on tml pronhts
nor hts rlahln lnnorts. Pivhsmlb
Irdlfhimlaplb to rihsl dhaahofs
on boaairs nor bhrlet rlahln.
Rml Eoddhttll probuelb otmlr
nhads to lfcicl tml Idlrheif
pu`ahe. Iahel hf Mufclraifb
ifb Utifb `y Rmld i Ahttal
Aofclrwlrl smowf hf tmlitlrs,
semooas, ifb emuremls. Rml
Eoddhttll erlitlb strhghfc
postlrs nliturhfc Irdlfhif
emhabrlf rldhfbhfc Idlrheifs
to Chvl or Sl [lrhsm.
Rml whftlr on 9898 wis lsplehiaay
mirsm. Mlr`lrt Moovlr wis tml
\.U. onnhehia hf emircl on Luro-plif rlahln. Ml rlportlb tmit
0;;,;;; plopal hf tml Eiueisus
mib bhlb on stirvithof. Flir
List Plahln trifsportlb disshvl
quifththls on bofitlb crihf hf
if urclft lnnort to sivl ahvls.
Rurghsm troops ufblr tml eod-
difb on Dustipmi Gldia
rlvoatlb icihfst tml Ottodifcovlrfdlft ifb iaso ittieglb
tml flway nordlb hfblplfblft
Plpu`ahe on Irdlfhi. Rurgs ifb
Gurbs (ifotmlr ltmfhe Dusahd
croup) prlvlftlb Irdlfhifs
wmo mib survhvlb tml Ottodif
dissierls nrod rlturfhfc to
tml modls tmit mib `llf tiglf
nrod tmld. Flir List Plahln,
RML CPLIR SIP LFBU,@\R RML U\NNLPHFC EOFRHF\LU
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RML UROPX ON FLIP LIUR PLAHLN
99
iaofc whtm tml Idlrheif Eod-
dhttll nor tml Hfblplfblfel
on Irdlfhi, urclb tml \.U.
covlrfdlft to support tmlflway hfblplfblft fithof
`y erlithfc i difbitl tmit
wouab paiel Irdlfhi ufblr
tldporiry \.U. protlethof.
Rml difbitl nihalb ifb fo
onnhehia isshstifel eidl nrod
tml \.U. covlrfdlft. Rurghsm
norels ifb Pusshif troops
ittieglb Irdlfhi. Rml sdiaaeouftry wis ufi`al to dihftihf
hts hfblplfblfel. Hf 980;, Irdl-
fhi `leidl pirt on tml Pusshif
Plpu`ahe, wmhem wouab ldlrcl
is tml Uovhlt \fhof hf 9800.
Flir List Plahln mib if hdportift
prlslfel hf tml Irdlfhif ehty
on Ialxifbropoa (fow Cyudrh).
Ht erlitlb i disshvl orpmificleodpalx tmit toog eirl on is
dify is 0. [ostlr nor tml Idlrheif Eoddhttll nor Irdlfhif Uyrhif
Plahln, e. 9893. Rml orcifhzithof wis rlfidlb Flir List Plahln hf 9898.
Eourtlsy on tml \.U. Fithofia Iremhvls
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RMLX UMIAA FOR [LPHUM
90
eoftichous lyl bhslisl. Dost
emhabrlf mib to `l trlitlb nor
slvlrl diafutrhthof `lnorl tmly
eouab `l iaaowlb to lit fordiadlias. Flir List Plahln iaso
erlitlb splehia eahfhes to trlit
emhabrlf nor ldothofia triudi.
It tml Orpmif Ehty, is hf dost
Flir List Plahln orpmificls,
chras wlrl tiucmt slwhfc, fllbal-
worg, wlivhfc, ifb modldighfc
sghaas. Rmlhr mifbherints wlrl
soab hf Flir List Hfbustrhlssmops hf tml \fhtlb Utitls.
Chnts on ld`rohblry ifb pottlry
wlrl lsplehiaay popuair burhfc
Listlr ifb Emrhstdis. Oablr
chras eouab ittlfb i Flir List
Plahln furshfc semooa. @oys
alirflb i whbl virhlty on tribls,
hfeaubhfc smoldighfc, tihaorhfc,
ifb nirdhfc. Flir List Plahln
iaso trhlb to rlufhtl emhabrlfwhtm rlaithvls or to paiel
tmld whtm nidhahls on tml sidl
fithofiahty ifb rlahchof.
Dip 0. Aoeithofs on Flir List Plahln stithofs, 9809
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RML UROPX ON FLIP LIUR PLAHLN
Of Iprha >, 9893, tml \.U.bleairlb wir of Clrdify.
Dify Idlrheifs iaso eiaalb
nor wir icihfst tml Ottodif
Ldphrl, Clrdifys iaay. Rml Ulf-
itl slldlb to nivor i sleofb
bleairithof. Nordlr [rlshblft
Rmloborl Pooslvlat wis i voeia
supportlr, nidousay stithfc tmit
tml Irdlfhif dissierl wis
tml crlitlst erhdl on tml wir,ifb nihaurl to iet icihfst Rurgly
hs to eofbofl ht.2
Ulerltiry on Utitl Po`lrt
Aifshfc irculb tmit hn tml \.U.
bleairlb wir, Rurgly dhcmt
eofnhseitl tml Idlrheif dhs-
shofiry semooas. Rml semooa
proplrthls wlrl wortm dhaahofs
on boaairs. I bleairithof on wirdhcmt trhcclr ibbhthofia dis-
sierls. Aifshfc iaso irculb tmit
ufahgl Clrdify, tml Ottodif
Ldphrl mib fot ittieglb tml \.U.
Ealvlaifb Bobcl, eonoufblr
on tml eoddhttll tmit `leidl
Flir List Plahln, opposlb wir
icihfst tml Ottodif Ldphrl. Ahgl
Aifshfc, Bobcl nlirlb tmit ibleairithof on wir wouab prodpt
Rurgly to tigl ovlr tml Idlrheif
dhsshofiry semooas ifb jlopir-
bhzl rlahln lnnorts. Bobcl wis
if hdportift nhfifehia supportlr
on tmlsl semooas. Bobcl ib-
vhslb mhs eaosl nrhlfb [rlshblft
Shasof icihfst i bleairithof
on wir. Ht hs ufealir wmltmlr
Bobcl hfnaulfelb [rlshblftShasofs ophfhof of tml dittlr.
Hf tml lfb, [rlshblft Shasof bhb
fot isg tml Ulfitl nor i bleairi-
thof on wir icihfst tml Ottodif
Ldphrl. Idlrheif rlahln lnnorts
eofthfulb, ifb tml Idlrheif
dhsshofiry semooas wlrl prl-
slrvlb. @ut tml qulsthof rldihfs:
eouab tml \.U. mivl mlaplb dorlplopal y bleairhfc wir?
UMO\AB RML \.U. MI^L BLEAIPLBSIP OF RML ORRODIF LD[HPL?
[moto 3.Po`lrt Eoaalcl of tml @ospmorus, Eofstifthfopal, 9==;. Eourtlsy on tml \.U. Ah`riry on Eofcrlss
2 Dorrhsof, Lathfc (lbhtor), Rml Alttlrs on Rmloborl
Pooslvlat. Eid`rhbcl, DI: Mirvirb \fhvlrshty
[rlss, 9850=.
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RMLX UMIAA FOR [LPHUM
92
Hf Diy 9898, Crllel slft
irdhls hfto tml prlbodhfiftay
Crllg eoistia ehty on Udyrfi
(fow Hzdhr) it tml rlqulst ontml Iaahls. Hf rlspofsl to ittiegs
`y Rurghsm norels, tml Crllg
irdy ibvifelb hfto tml Rurghsm
hftlrhor. Rmhs eofnahet `leidl
gfowf is tml Crleo-Rurghsm Sir.
Rml Rurghsm irdy ghaalb ipproxh-
ditlay 5>;,;;; Crllgs ahvhfc
hf if irli flir tml @aieg Uli
gfowf is tml [oftos. Dijor
Norlst Xowlaa, Flir List Pl-ahln nhlab bhrletor it Mirput,
whtflsslb tmlsl itroehthls.
Xowlaa wrotl tmit WiTaa iaofc
tml routls tiglf `y Crllgs irl
tml `obhls on tml blib wmhem
irl `lhfc eofsudlb `y bocs,
woavls, ifb vuaturls. Umlfg, Po`lrt, Ltmfhe Ealifshfc, Idl rheif Sodlf, ifb tml Ibdhria: Bllp hf Ifitoahi burhfc tml Rurghsm
Fithofiahst Plvoauthof. [rlslftithof chvlf it Rml Ottodif Rurghsm Clfoehbls on Ifitoahif Emrhs thifs:
I Eoddof Eisl Utuby, Haahfohs Moaoeiust Duslud ifb Lbueithof Elftlr, Diy 9; 99, 0;95.
3 Hb.
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RMLX UMIAA FOR [LPHUM
9>
Uoof intlr tml eitistropml it
Udyrfi, Rurghsm aliblrs rlnuslb
to cuiriftll tml sinlty on tml
emhabrlf hf Flir List Plahln or-pmificls. Is i rlsuat, Flir List
Plahln lcif lvieuithfc emhabrlf
nrod Ifitoahi to Crllel hf Oe-
to`lr 9800. Shtmhf two doftms
Flir List Plahln mib trifsnlrrlb
dorl tmif 9
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RML UROPX ON FLIP LIUR PLAHLN
93
Jieghl Eoocif wis i popuairemhab stir hf Moaaywoob,
mivhfc ipplirlb hf dify nhads,
hfeaubhfc Emirahl Emipahfs
9809 shalft dovhl Rml Ghb.
Hf 9802 Jieghls pirlfts iaaowlb
tmlhr tlf-ylir oab sof to worg
whtm Flir List Plahln of i
projlet eiaalb tml Emhabrlfs
Erusibl. Rml coia wis to rihsl
ofl dhaahof boaairs wortm onnoob nor orpmifs hf tml Dhbbal
List. Jieghl tourlb tml \fhtlb
Utitls `y trihf. Flwspiplrs,
dovhl dicizhfls, ifb flws-
rllas noaaowlb mhs trivlas ifb
pu`ahehzlb tml eidpihcf of i
fithofia alvla. Rmousifbs on mhsnifs bofitlb to tml projlet.
Jieghl erosslb tml oelif to
Luropl, wmlrl ml tourlb slvlria
Luroplif ehthls. Hf Podl, [opl
[hus ]H `alsslb Jieghl ifb mhs
rlahln projlet. Hf Itmlfs, Jieghl
blahvlrlb rlelhpts nor ovlr ofl
dhaahof boaairs wortm on rlahln
htlds. Rml Crllg covlrfdlftiwirblb mhd tml UhavlrErosson
tml Orblr on Ut.Clorcl. Flir
List Plahlnprobuelbinhadeiaalb
Jieghl hf tml Flir Listtmit mhcm-
ahcmtlb tml dovhl stirs trivlas
to mlap orpmifs ifb rlnuclls.
[moto 9;. Jieghl Eoocif eidpihcf `roemurl, 9802
= (p. 9>) [sodhibls, Mirry J., Rml Idlrheif Flir List Plahln (FLP) ifb tml Dlc ial Gitistropml hf 9800. Mondiff,
Rlssi, Dittmhis @jorfaufb ifb ^ishalhos Dlhemifltshbhs, Rml Clfoehbl on tml Ottodif Crllgs. Flw Xorg:
Dlahssi Hftlrfithofia Atb., 0;99.
MOAAXSOOBUNHPUR M\DIFHRIPHIF
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RMLX UMIAA FOR [LPHUM
A hgl tmousifbs on otmlrIrdlfhifs, Auehi LadjhifGirjhif wis blportlb nrod
Dirism, Rurgly hf 989
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RML UROPX ON FLIP LIUR PLAHLN
Auehi sleurlb i jo` is i
dihb hf Ialppo. Uml sivlb mlr
dliclr wicls whtm tml coia
on rlufhthfc mlr nidhay. Auehi
wis nhfiaay i`al to `rhfc ^irtoumh
ifb Iftrifhc modl to Ialppo
hf 980> or 9803. ^irtoumh wlftto worg hf i tihaors smop.
Iftrifhc ittlfblb tml Irdl-
fhif [rls`ytlrhif semooa.
Difisl lfahstlb hf tml Nrlfem
Irdy ifb alnt Uyrhi.
Rml nidhay dovlb to @icmbib,
Hriq i nlw ylirs aitlr wmlf
^irtoumh dirrhlb if Irdlfhif
rlnucll nrod Lrzurud hf
listlrf Ifitoahi7 ml mib iaso
survhvlb tml Clfoehbl. Is
if ibuat, Iftrifhc hddhcritlb
to tml \fhtlb Utitls whtm mhs
whnl ifb nour biucmtlrs.
Ml rirlay spogl on mhs thdlhf tml orpmificl, `ut ml wis
gfowf to shfc Uhalft Fhcmt
hf Irdlfhif, i eiroa tmit ml
alirflb it tml @hrbs Flst,
it Emrhstdis thdl.
[moto 99. Emhabrlf it tml @hrbs Flst Orpmificl. Uhbof, Uyrhi (fow Al`ifof), e. 9802. Iftrifhc Girjhif hs sleofb nrod tml rhcmt
98
tml Girjhif nidhay norsmirhfc tmhs story.
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RMLX UMIAA FOR [LPHUM
0;
Is flelssiry is tmly wlrl,
rlahln lnnorts eouab fot co of
norlvlr. Uodltmhfc plrdiflft
mib to `l bofl.
Flir List Plahln nielb i aircl
bl`t bul to hts disshvl rlahln
lnnorts noaaowhfc tml Udyrfi
Bhsistlr7 ht iaso nielb tml
lfdhty on tml flw Rurghsm cov-
lrfdlft, wmhem wis erlitlb hf
Oeto`lr 9805. \fblr tml flw
covlrfdlft, Flir List Plahln
wis fo aofclr plrdhttlb toworg hf Rurgly. Flir List Plahln
dovlb hts ovlrslis mlibquir-
tlrs nrod Rurgly to Itmlfs,
Crllel. Rml orcifhzithof
noeuslb hts rlahln lnnorts of
orpmifs ifb rlnuclls hf
Crllel, Uyrhi (fow Al`ifof),
ifb tml Pusshif Eiueisus.
Ofl dhaahof plopal eoftrh`utlbto Flir List Plahln liem ylir.
Ofl on tml dost popuair nufb-
rihslrs wis tml Coablf Pual
Uufbiy bhfflr, hfhthitlb hf 980
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RML UROPX ON FLIP LIUR PLAHLN
09
[moto 90. Coablf Pual Uufbiy postlr
blshcflb `y C. [itrheg Flasof, 980>
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RMLX UMIAA FOR [LPHUM
00
Plvlrlfb Alstlr Jidls Srhcmt
wis smot ifb ghaalb `y `ifbhts.
Flir List Plahln wis ufi`alto rlturf tml Emrhsthif plopals
on Ifitoahi tml Irdlfhifs,
Issyrhifs, ifb Crllgs
to tmlhr ifehlft modlaifbs.
For wis Flir List Plahln i`al
to prlvlft clfoehbl. If ls-
thditlb 9.< dhaahof Ottodif
Irdlfhifs wlrl durblrlb hf
tml mhstorhe Irdlfhif modl-
aifb. Rml Ottodif Rurgs slhzlbtml Irdlfhifs plrsofia ifb
eoddufhty proplrty. Dorl
tmif 3;;,;;; Crllgs ifb
5>
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RML UROPX ON FLIP LIUR PLAHLN
05
Flvlrtmlalss, wmit Flir List Plahln bhb ieeodpahsm wis lxtriorbhfiry.
@y 985;, Flir List Plahln mib:
Pihslb dorl tmif $ 99> dhaahof nor mudifhtirhif worg
Nlb dorl tmif twlavl dhaahof plopal
[rovhblb dlbheia eirl to shx dhaahof plopal
Eirlb nor ifb lbueitlb dorl tmif 950,;;; orpmifs
Uivlb it alist ofl dhaahof ahvls
Hf tml worbs on Idlrheif iutmor
Posl Shablr Aifl, tml worabs
mhstory mis flvlr `lnorl rl-
eorblb suem i dodlft is tmhs
rliemhfc out on sydpitmy
on emirhty, wmhem hs aovl
nrod tml dissls on us to tmldissls on otmlr plopals
wmod wl mivl fot sllf.8
[moto 92. Ulvlrsgy [ost orpmificl, Ialxifbropoa (fow Cyudrh), Irdlfhi, e. 9800
8 [ltlrsof, Dlrrhaa B. Utirvhfc Irdlfhifs:
Idlrhei ifb tml Irdlfhif Clfoehbl,
989
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RMLX UMIAA FOR [LPHUM
02
Yulsthofs nrod tml rlibhfc:
9 Smit wis oeeurrhfc hf tml Ottodif Ldphrl tmit so bhstur`lb
\.U. Id`issibor Mlfry Dorclftmiu?
0 Smy wis Dorclftmiu paielb hf i bhst euat poshthof?
5 Dorclftmius lorts, mlaplb y Jidls A. @irtof ifb
Ealvlaifb M. Bobcl, alb to tml nordithof on wmit orcifhzithof?
2 Smit bhb tml Eoddhttll bo whtm tml dofly ht rihslb?
Smy wlrl tmlrl so dify orpmifs?
3 Smy bhbft tml lfb on Sorab Sir H soavl tml rlnuclls pro`alds?
= Smit wis tml Orpmif Ehty ifb mow bhb ht mlap rlnucll emhabrlf?
8 Mow bhb tml wir ltwllf Crllel ifb Rurgly ilet tml ahvls on
tml Irdlfhifs ifb Crllgs ahvhfc hf Rurgly intlr Sorab Sir H?
9; Chvl sodl lxidpals on eouricl smowf y Flir List Plahln worglrs.
99 Mow bhb Flir List Plahln mlap to rlseul tmousifbs on orpmifsintlr tml eitistropml it Udyrfi?
90 Mow bhb Flir List Plahln usl tml lftlrtihfdlft hfbustry to
mlap rihsl nufbs nor hts rlahln lorts?
95 Smy bhb Flir List Plahln fhsm hts worg? Smit mis rlpaielb
Flir List Plahln?
Utuby Cuhbl
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RML UROPX ON FLIP LIUR PLAHLN
0
Nurtmlr Bhseusshof
9 Hf i bldoeriey, ibvoeiey croups rlay of pu`ahe support to ieeodpahsm
coias. Smit dltmobs bhb Flir List Plahln usl to cihf tml support on
tml Idlrheif plopal? Mow wlrl tmlsl dltmobs shdhair to tmosl uslb
`y ibvoeiey croups tobiy?
0 Hf hts eidpihcf to mlap Irdlfhifs, Issyrhifs, ifb Crllgs, Flir
List Plahln rlelhvlb trldlfbous support nrod tml Idlrheif plopal.
Xlt, dorl rlelft clfoehbls hf Pwifbi ifb Birnur mivl fot cihflb
shdhair pu`ahe support. Mow bo you ieeouft nor tmhs bhnnlrlfel?
5 Hf Iprha 9893, tml \fhtlb Utitls bleairlb wir of Clrdify. Flir List
Plahln opposlb i bleairithof on wir of tml Ottodif Ldphrl, Clrdifys
iaay, ircuhfc tmit hf suem ehreudstifels Flir List Plahln wouab fot l
iaaowlb to eofthful hts rlahln lnnorts. Otmlrs irculb tmit tml \.U. wouabmlap dorl plopal `y lftlrhfc tml wir icihfst tml Ottodif Ldphrl of tml
shbl on Crlit @rhtihf. Smhem ircudlft hs dorl plrsuishvl? Ht smouab l
fotlb tmit tml \fhtlb Utitls bhb fot bleairl wir of tml Ottodif Ldphrl.
2 Id`issibor Dorclftmiu rhsglb mhs bhpaodithe rlaithofsmhp whtm tml Otto-
dif covlrfdlft to protlst tml covlrfdlfts trlitdlft on Emrhsthif
dhforhthls. Aitlr, \.U. Mhcm Eoddhsshoflr Ibdhria Dirg @rhstoa ldpmi-
shzlb eooplrithof whtm tml Ottodif Rurghsm covlrfdlft hf mopls on
cihfhfc leofodhe `lflnhts (l.c., oha alisls) nor tml \fhtlb Utitls.
Hdichfl i bhseusshof `ltwllf tmlsl two dlf. Smosl ircudlft boyou tmhfg wouab l dorl plrsuishvl?
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RML UROPX ON FLIP LIUR PLAHLN
03
Flir List Plahln [ostlrs
Rml Dlrrhid-Sl`stlr Bhethofiry blnhfls tml worb propicifbi
is tml sprlibhfc on hblis, hfnordithof, or rudor nor tml purposl
on mlaphfc or hfjurhfc if hfsthtuthof, i eiusl, or i plrsof.9[ropi-
cifbi eif `l poshthvl or flcithvl. Iutmor Bivhb Erowaly mishblfthnhlb slvlria emirietlrhsthes on i sueelssnua propicifbi
postlr.0Rmlsl hfeaubl tml noaaowhfc:
9 Rml fllb to plrsuibl plopal. Rmhs hs lsplehiaay trul hf i
bldoeriey hf wmhem plopal eif digl tmlhr owf emohels.
0 Rml usl on ldothof (nllahfcs). Rmhs ontlf hfeaubls ipplias to
pitrhothsd, or tml aovl on ofls eouftry.
5 Rml usl on eoddof syd`oas ifb popuair hdicls tmit irl whblayufblrstoob (nor lxidpal, \feal Uid or if lical).
2 Rml fllb to `l shdpal ifb bhrlet.
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RMLX UMIAA FOR [LPHUM
0=
Iegfowalbcdlfts
Eofelpt ifb tlxtPof Alvhtsgy
[rojlet DificlrGirhfl Umformoghif
LbhtorDoaay Uuaahvif, Lsq.Flir List Noufbithof
Cripmhe BlshcfEirrlf Eira [ltrosyifIaa Rmhfcs Iahcflb
Eopy LbhtorBl`orim Uemwirtz
Eofsuatifts[iuahfl CltzoyifEo-Emihr, ClfoehblLbueithof [rojlet, PH @rifem
Uiri EomifBhrletor on Lbueithof,Clfoehbl Lbueithof [rojlet
Umift DirbhrosshifFlir List Noufbithof
Clorcl DivropoaousIshi Dhfor ifb [oftosMlaalfhe Plslirem Elftlr
Uplehia tmifgs totml Irdlfhif Xoutm Noufbithof
Hfnordithof nor tmhs alssof wis blrhvlb nrod tml noaaowhfc sourels
@i`glfhif, ^heglf, Moaaywoobs Nhrst Elal`rhty Mudifhtirhif tmit
Idlrhei Norcot. Irdlfhif Sllgay, Jifuiry 3, 0;99.
@iaighif, [ltlr. Rml Irdlfhif Clfoehbl ifb tml Doblrf Icl
WofahflT. Rml Uybfly [iplrs, ^oa. 0;, Fo. 0, Iutudf 0;;=: 9229>9.
@irtof, Jidls A. Rurghsm Itroehthls: Utitldlfts on Idlrheif Dhsshofirhls
of tml Blstruethof on Emrhsthif Eoddufhthls hf Ottodif Rurgly,
989< 9893. Lb. Iri Uirinhif. Aofbof, Lfcaifb: Codhbis Hfsthtutl, 988=.
[ltlrsof, Dlrrhaa B., Utirvhfc Irdlfhifs: Idlrhei ifb tml
Irdlfhif Clfoehbl, 989. Flir List Plahln, lbhtlb `y
Di`laa U. E. Udhtm, Jufl 95, 9802.
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I nlw on tml emhabrlf on Flir List Plahln, Ialxifbropoa (fow Cyudrh), Irdlfhi, e. 9809
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Of eovlr. ^oauftllr Flaahl Dhaalr whtm orpmifs it tml @hrbs
Flst Orpmificl, Uhbof, Uyrhi (fow Al`ifof), e. 9800
Iaa hdicls eourtlsy on tml Flir List Plahln Mhstorheia Uoehlty,
Flir List Noufbithof eoaalethof, Poeglnlaalr Iremhvl Elftlr