Compiled Notes for the Philippine Third Republic: Presidents

President Problems Programs/AchievementsManuel A. Roxas (1946-1948) - HUK Rebellion

- Damages brought by the Second World War

- Weak Philippine Economy- Corruption

A. Philippine Rehabilitation Act- provided the Philippines with $620 million for its rehabilitation

after the Second World WarB. Bell Trade Act

- defined the economic activities of the Philippines after the Second World War Specifically its trade relations with US

- involved the amendment to the 1935 Constitution that provided the US PARITY RIGHTS over the Philippines’ natural resources

C. Mailed-Fist Policy- an aggressive approach to the HUK rebellion

Elpidio Quirino (1948-1953) - HUK Rebellion- Weak Philippine Economy- Corruption

A. Economic Development through establishment of - PACSA (President’s Action Committee on Social Amelioration)- ACCFA (Agricultural Credit Cooperatives Financing

Administration)- Labor Management Advisory Board- Rural Banks- Development roads and irrigation systems

B. Amnesty Proclamation - proclaimed amnesty to all members of the HUK rebellion

C. Revived the Fireside Chats- a weekly report of the government’s activities

D. Achieved Peace with Japan

Ramon D. Magsaysay (1953-1957) - HUK Rebellion- Weak Philippine Economy- Corruption

A. Agrarian Reform- implemented the NARRA (National Resettlement and

Rehabilitation Administration)

- established Court of Agrarian Relation to help relieve conflicts between tenants and landowners

B. Reparation Agreement- reached an agreement with Japan that resulted to $550 million

as a reparationC. Laurel-Langley

- extended the Bell Trade Act of 1946

Carlos P. Garcia (1957-1961) - Weak Philippine Economy- Corruption- Strong foreign control over

Philippine economy

A. Austerity Program- promoted values such as wise spending and thriftiness in the

government and the whole countryB. Control Policy and Economic Protectionism

- aimed at removing foreign control over Philippine Economy- made the Philippine Peso floating- opposed FREE ENTERPRISE

C. Filipino First Policy- prioritized Filipino local businessmen and their businesses- promoted Filipino products- increased job opportunities

Diosdado Macapagal (1961-1964) - Devaluation of Peso- Corruption

A. Anti-Graft and Corruption Policies- dismissed official who were not able to explain their wealth

B. Agrarian Reform-replaced share tenancy with leasehold system

C. Decontrol Policy- encouraged foreign investors to invest in the country

Ferdinand Marcos (1964- 1972) - Corruption A. Decentralization Act of 1967-empowered local governments to be able to govern locally

B. Infrastructure Projects-massive amount of buildings, roads and bridges were built during the administration of Marcos

C. Increased Rice Production- through the help of IRRI, the miracle rice was developed which hasten rice production