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AC Transit East Bay BRT Project January 2012Final Environmental Impact Statement/Environmental Impact Report

ABSTRACT

The Alameda-Contra Transit District (AC Transit), in cooperation with the Federal TransitAdministration, proposes to implement high level bus rapid transit (BRT) improvements along a14.38-mile corridor connecting the cities of Berkeley, Oakland and San Leandro in the SanFrancisco Bay Area of California. The project would increase service frequencies, expand transitcapacity, and enhance bus reliability and speeds in a high demand, congested travel corridor withlarge ethnic minority and low income populations.

Following the Draft EIS/EIR, the AC Transit Board of Directors gave consideration to therecommendations of the cities of Berkeley, Oakland and San Leandro and adopted a LocallyPreferred Alternative (LPA) consisting of dedicated bus travel lanes throughout most of Oaklandand in north San Leandro, with level station boarding. The LPA includes more limitedimprovements from downtown Berkeley to the Berkeley-Oakland border. The AC Transit Boardof Directors also recommended an additional alternative for study, referred to as the DowntownOakland to San Leandro (DOSL) Alternative. The decision to consider this shorter alternativewas made upon consideration of funding, community acceptance, and BRT operational issuesfrom downtown Berkeley to San Leandro BART. The DOSL Alternative is approximately 9.52miles in length.

LPA improvements in the cities of Oakland and San Leandro include dedicated transit lanes inexisting arterials, median or curbside stations with canopies and passenger amenities, advancedtraffic signal priority for buses, and modern safety, security and communications systems. Thedeployment of dual sided door buses along the BRT alignment has been integrated into theproject.

Following the Draft EIS/EIR, extensive public outreach in addition to engineering and technicalstudies (traffic, air quality, noise, energy, water quality, hazardous materials, cultural resources,socioeconomic, visual and others) were completed to define the scope and environmental effectsof the BRT project, including consideration of both the LPA and the DOSL Alternatives.Potentially adverse environmental impacts would occur in two primary areas: traffic and parking.Other effects under both alternatives include relocation of utilities during construction andrealignment or reconfiguration of bike lanes. The overall project would, however, includefeatures to encourage non-motorized bike and pedestrian travel.

Mitigation measures to reduce anticipated impacts are detailed in the document.

FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION CONCERNING THIS DOCUMENT, CONTACT:

Lucinda Eagle Jim CunradiU.S. Department of Transportation Senior Transportation Planner andFederal Transit Administration, Region IX AC Transit East Bay BRT Project Manager201 Mission Street, Suite 1650 Alameda-Contra Costa Transit DistrictSan Francisco, CA 94105 1600 Franklin Street(415) 744-3133 Oakland, CA 94612

(510) 891-4755


AC Transit East Bay BRT Project January 2012Final Environmental Impact Statement/Environmental Impact Report

AC TRANSIT EAST BAY BUS RAPID TRANSIT PROJECTALAMEDA COUNTY, CALIFORNIA

FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT

PREPARED PURSUANT TO:

California Environmental Quality Act, PRC 21000 et seq.; and the State of CaliforniaCEQA Guidelines, California Administrative Code, 15000 et seq.

by the

ALAMEDA-CONTRA COSTA TRANSIT DISTRICT


AC Transit East Bay BRT Project iFinal Environmental Impact Statement/Environmental Impact Report

January 2012

Signature PageAbstractTable of Contents

SummaryS.1 Purpose and Need ..................................................................................................................................... S.1-1S.2 Project Alternatives .................................................................................................................................. S.2-1

S.2.1 No-Build Alternative ..................................................................................................................... S.2-1S.2.2 Locally Preferred Alternative and DOSL Alternative ..................................................................... S.2-2

S.2.2.1 BRT Alignment and Service Plan ....................................................................................... S.2-2S.2.2.2 Transitway......................................................................................................................... S.2-4S.2.2.3 Stations ............................................................................................................................. S.2-4S.2.2.4 Pedestrian Amenities and Landscape Treatments ................................................................ S.2-5S.2.2.5 Fare Collection .................................................................................................................. S.2-5S.2.2.6 ITS Components ................................................................................................................ S.2-5S.2.2.7 Low Floor, Dual-Sided Door Buses .................................................................................... S.2-6S.2.2.8 Other Related Improvements .............................................................................................. S.2-6S.2.2.9 Changes Between Draft EIS/EIR and Final EIS/EIR ........................................................... S.2-7

S.3 Transportation Impacts ............................................................................................................................. S.3-1S.3.1 Changes to Corridor Transit Services with Proposed Build Alternatives ......................................... S.3-1S.3.2 Transit Performance ...................................................................................................................... S.3-1S.3.3 Traffic Impacts.............................................................................................................................. S.3-3S.3.4 Pedestrian Impacts ........................................................................................................................ S.3-4S.3.5 Bicycle Impacts ............................................................................................................................ S.3-4S.3.6 Parking Impacts ............................................................................................................................ S.3-5

S.4 Affected Environment, Impacts, and Mitigation ........................................................................................ S.4-1S.5 Cumulative Impacts .................................................................................................................................. S.5-1

S.5.1 Assessment of Cumulative Impacts: Regional Context ................................................................... S.5-1S.5.2 Assessment of Cumulative Impacts: Local Context ........................................................................ S.5-1

S.6 California Environmental Quality Act Evaluation ..................................................................................... S.6-16.1.1 Transportation/Traffic Impacts ...................................................................................................... S.6-16.1.2 Hazardous Waste/Materials Impacts .............................................................................................. S.6-16.1.3 Construction-Related Impacts – Air Quality ................................................................................... S.6-16.1.4 Construction-Related Impacts – Noise and Vibration ..................................................................... S.6-16.1.5 Significant Unavoidable Adverse Environmental Effects ................................................................ S.6-26.1.6 Conclusion .................................................................................................................................... S.6-2

S.7 Consultation and Coordination .................................................................................................................. S.7-1S.7.1 Project Organization and Public Participation ................................................................................ S.7-1S.7.2 Agency Consultation ..................................................................................................................... S.7-2S.7.3 Comments on the Draft EIS/EIR.................................................................................................... S.7-2

S.8 Financial Analysis .................................................................................................................................... S.8-1S.8.1 Capital Costs and Funding Options ................................................................................................ S.8-1S.8.2 Operating Costs and Funding Options............................................................................................ S.8-3S.8.3 Analysis of Results........................................................................................................................ S.8-3S.8.4 Other Related Project Improvements ............................................................................................. S.8-4

S.9 Evaluation of Alternatives ........................................................................................................................ S.9-1

Chapter 1: Purpose and Need1.1 Introduction .............................................................................................................................................. 1.1-11.2 Project Background .................................................................................................................................. 1.2-11.3 Purpose and Need for the Proposed Project ............................................................................................... 1.3-1 1.3.1Project Purpose .............................................................................................................................. 1.3-1

1.3.2 Project Need.................................................................................................................................. 1.3-1

AC Transit East Bay BRT Project iiFinal Environmental Impact Statement/Environmental Impact Report

January 2012

1.3.2.1 Conditions that Discourage Transit Use .............................................................................. 1.3-21.3.2.2 Service Inefficiencies that Drive Up AC Transit’s Costs ..................................................... 1.3-6

1.3.2.3 Capacity and Reliability Constraints Compromise Accessibility.......................................... 1.3-71.3.2.4 Delays in Boarding ............................................................................................................ 1.3-71.3.2.5 Future Travel Demand Means Increased Congestion ........................................................... 1.3-81.3.2.6 Corridor Characteristics Indicate Additional Demand for Transit .......................................1.3-111.3.2.7 Support Transit-Oriented Residential and Commercial Development of the Corridor ........1.3-141.3.2.8 Better Serve Low-Income and Transit-Dependent Populations in the Project Corridor ........1.3-18

1.3.3 Summary of Project Goals and Development Status ......................................................................1.3-211.3.4 Project Related Planning...............................................................................................................1.3-22

1.3.4.1 City of Berkeley................................................................................................................1.3-221.3.4.2 City of Oakland ................................................................................................................1.3-221.3.4.3 City of San Leandro ..........................................................................................................1.3-221.3.4.4 AC Transit Projects ...........................................................................................................1.3-241.3.4.5 Corridor-Wide Projects .....................................................................................................1.3-24

1.4 Final EIS/EIR and Next Steps ................................................................................................................... 1.4-11.4.1 Uses of this Final Environmental Impact Statement/ Environmental Impact Report ........................ 1.4-2

1.5 Permits and Approvals Required ............................................................................................................... 1.5-1

Chapter 2: Project Alternatives2.1 Process for Selection of the Locally Preferred Alternative (LPA) ............................................................... 2.1-12.2 Alternatives Evaluated In the Draft EIS/EIR .............................................................................................. 2.1-1

2.2.1 No-Build Alternative ..................................................................................................................... 2.2-22.2.2 Build Alternatives: Alignment, Service Options, and Features ........................................................ 2.2-2

2.3 Project Alternatives Considered in the Final EIS/EIR ................................................................................ 2.3-12.3.1 No-Build Alternative ..................................................................................................................... 2.3-12.3.2 Locally Preferred Alternative ......................................................................................................... 2.3-7

2.3.2.1 Features ............................................................................................................................. 2.3-72.3.2.2 Alignment .........................................................................................................................2.3-172.3.2.3 Service Plan ......................................................................................................................2.3-32

2.3.3 Downtown Oakland-San Leandro BRT Design Variant .................................................................2.3-332.3.3.1 Features ............................................................................................................................2.3-332.3.3.2 Alignment .........................................................................................................................2.3-332.3.3.3 Service Plan ......................................................................................................................2.3-33

2.3.4 Other Related Improvements ........................................................................................................2.3-352.4 Changes between Draft EIS/EIR and Final EIS/EIR .................................................................................. 2.4-1

2.4.1 No-Build Alternative ..................................................................................................................... 2.4-12.4.2 Locally Preferred Alternative ......................................................................................................... 2.4-1

2.5 Capital and Operating Costs Of Locally Preferred Alternative ................................................................... 2.5-12.5.1 Capital Costs ................................................................................................................................. 2.5-12.5.2 Annual Operating and Maintenance Costs ...................................................................................... 2.5-2

Chapter 3: Transportation Analysis3.1 Transit Conditions .................................................................................................................................... 3.1-1

3.1.1 Existing Transit Services ............................................................................................................... 3.1-13.1.1.1 Alameda-Contra Costa Transit District (AC Transit) ........................................................... 3.1-13.1.1.2 Bay Area Rapid Transit District (BART) ...........................................................................3.1-113.1.1.3 Other Transit Services .......................................................................................................3.1-13

3.1.2 Future Transit Service – No-Build Conditions (2015and 2035) ....................................................3.1-163.1.2.1 Transit Service Changes ....................................................................................................3.1-163.1.2.2 Transit Capital Improvements ...........................................................................................3.1-17

3.1.3 LPA Transit Services and Changes to the No-Build Alternative ...................................................3.1-173.1.3.1 LPA Service Plan ..............................................................................................................3.1-283.1.3.2 Connectivity and Transfers to Other Bus Lines (Access to BRT) .......................................3.1-33

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3.1.3.3 LPA O&M Costs ..............................................................................................................3.1-333.1.3.4 Transit Travel Speeds and Times .......................................................................................3.1-333.1.3.5 Normal, Failure and Emergency Operations ......................................................................3.1-353.1.3.6 Future Fares ......................................................................................................................3.1-353.1.3.7 Transit Patronage ..............................................................................................................3.1-36

3.1.4 DOSL Transit Service and Changes to the No-Build Alternative .................................................3.1-383.1.4.1 DOSL Service Plan ...........................................................................................................3.1-433.1.4.2 DOSL Alternative O&M Costs..........................................................................................3.1-473.1.4.3 Transit Travel Speeds and Times .......................................................................................3.1-473.1.4.4 Normal, Failure and Emergency Operations ......................................................................3.1-493.1.4.5 Future Fares ......................................................................................................................3.1-493.1.4.6 Transit Patronage ..............................................................................................................3.1-49

3.1.5 Safety and Security .....................................................................................................................3.1-513.1.5.1 AC Transit’s Security Policy .............................................................................................31.-52

3.2 Vehicular Traffic ...................................................................................................................................... 3.2-13.2.1 Existing Conditions ..................................................................................................................... 3.2-8

3.2.1.1 Roadway Traffic Volumes: Existing Conditions ................................................................. 3.2-83.2.1.2 Intersection Level of Service: Existing Conditions ...........................................................3.2-12

3.2.2 Year 2015 No-Build Alternative .................................................................................................3.2-153.2.2.1 Roadway Traffic Volumes: 2015 No-Build Conditions .....................................................3.2-173.2.2.2 Screenline Analysis: 2015 No-Build Conditions ...............................................................3.2-203.2.2.3 Intersection Levels of Service: 2015 No-Build Conditions ................................................3.2-22

3.2.3 Traffic Impacts: 2015 LPA ........................................................................................................3.2-243.2.3.1 Roadway Volumes: Year 2015 LPA .................................................................................3.2-273.2.3.2 Screenline Analysis: Year 2015 LPA ................................................................................3.2-273.2.3.3 Intersection Impacts: Year 2015 LPA ...............................................................................3.2-32

3.2.4 Traffic Impacts: Year 2015 DOSL Alternative ...........................................................................3.2-363.2.4.1 Screenline Analysis: Year 2015 DOSL Alternative ...........................................................3.2-363.2.4.2 Intersection Impacts: Year 2015 DOSL Alternative .........................................................3.2-38

3.2.5 Year 2035 No-Build Alternative .................................................................................................3.2-383.2.5.1 Roadway Traffic Volumes: 2035 No-Build Conditions .....................................................3.2-383.2.5.2 Screenline Analysis: 2035 No-Build Conditions ...............................................................3.2-39

3.2.5.3 Intersection Levels of Service: 2035 No-Build Conditions ................................................3.2-423.2.6 Traffic Impacts: Year 2035 LPA ................................................................................................3.2-46

3.2.6.1 Roadway Volumes: Year 2035 LPA .................................................................................3.2-463.2.6.2 Screenline Analysis: Year 2035 LPA Conditions ..............................................................3.2-49

3.2.6.3 Intersection Impacts: Year 2035 LPA ...............................................................................3.2-51 3.2.6.4 Comparison of Intersection Impacts to Draft EIS/EIR ........................................................3.2-563.2.7 Traffic Impacts: Year 2035 DOSL Alternative ...........................................................................3.2-56

3.2.7.1 Screenline Analysis: Year 2035 DOSL Alternative ...........................................................3.2-583.2.7.2 Intersection Impacts: Year 2035 DOSL Alternative ..........................................................3.2-58

3.2.8 Neighborhood Traffic Impacts ....................................................................................................3.2-59 3.2.8.1 Diverted Right-Turns Prior to Congested Intersections ......................................................3.2-60 3.2.8.2 Changes to Local Circulation Patterns ...............................................................................3.2-63 3.2.8.3 Proposed Policy for Neighborhood Traffic Management ....................................................3.2-653.2.9 Avoidance, Minimization, and/or Mitigation Measures ................................................................3.2-66 3.2.9.1 Mitigation of Intersection Impacts Under the Build Alternatives ........................................3.2-66 3.2.9.2 Methodology for Identification of Feasible Mitigation .......................................................3.2-67 3.2.9.3 Mitigation for Year 2015 Intersection Impacts with LPA ...................................................3.2-68 3.2.9.4 Mitigation for Year 2015 Intersection Impacts with DOSL Alternative ..............................3.2-79 3.2.9.5 Mitigation for Year 2035 Intersection Impacts with LPA ...................................................3.2-80 3.2.9.6 Mitigation for Year 2035 Intersection Impacts with DOSL Alternative ..............................3.2-98 3.2.9.7 Summary of Mitigation with LPA ................................................................................... 3.2-101 3.2.9.8 Summary of Mitigation with DOSL Alternative............................................................... 3.2-101

AC Transit East Bay BRT Project ivFinal Environmental Impact Statement/Environmental Impact Report

January 2012

3.3 Non-Motorized Transportation .................................................................................................................. 3.3-13.3.1 Pedestrian Conditions and Impacts ............................................................................................... 3.3-1 3.3.1.1 Centers of Pedestrian Activity ............................................................................................ 3.3-1 3.3.1.2 Pedestrian Volumes ........................................................................................................... 3.3-6 3.3.1.3 Pedestrian Plans and Policies.............................................................................................. 3.3-73.3.2 Bicycle Conditions .....................................................................................................................3.3-10 3.3.2.1 Existing and Planned Bicycle Facilities .............................................................................3.3-103.3.3 Environmental Consequences .....................................................................................................3.3-31 3.3.3.1 Pedestrian Impacts ............................................................................................................3.3-31 3.3.3.2 Bicycle Impacts ................................................................................................................3.3-56 3.3.3.3 Avoidance, Minimization, and Mitigation Measures ..........................................................3.3-61

3.4 Parking ..................................................................................................................................................... 3.4-13.4.1 Existing and Future Parking Supply ............................................................................................. 3.4-13.4.2 Existing Parking Conditions: Overview ........................................................................................ 3.4-2 3.4.2.1 Optimal Parking Utilization................................................................................................ 3.4-53.4.3 Existing City of Berkeley Parking ................................................................................................ 3.4-5 3.4.3.1 Downtown Berkeley (Addison Street to Bancroft Way/ Durant Avenue) ............................ 3.4-6

3.4.3.2 Berkeley Southside (Bancroft Way/Durant Avenue to Dwight Way and Parker Street FollowingTelegraph Avenue/Dana Street Couplet) ........................................................................................ 3.4-6

3.4.3.3 Berkeley – North Telegraph Avenue (Park Street to Woolsey Street) .................................. 3.4-63.4.4 Existing City of Oakland: North Oakland ..................................................................................... 3.4-6 3.4.4.1 Telegraph Avenue/Temescal (Woolset Street to 38th Street) ................................................ 3.4-6 3.4.4.2 Telegraph Avenue/MacArthur-Pill Hill-Koreatown-Northgate (38th Street to Grand Ave).... 3.4-8 3.4.4.3 Downtown Oakland (grand Avenue to Lake Merrit/ 1st Avenue) ......................................... 3.4-9 3.4.4.4 East Oakland: Eastlake and San Antonio Districts (1st Avenue to 23rd Avenue) ..................3.4-10 3.4.4.5 East Oakland: Fruitvale (23rd Avenue to 40th Avenue)........................................................3.4-13 3.4.4.6 East Oakland: Central East Oakland (40th Avenue to 71st Avenue) .....................................3.4-14 3.4.4.7 East Oakland: Elmhurst (71st Avenue to the San Leandro City Limit at Durant Avenue) .....3.4-153.4.5 Existing City of San Leandro ......................................................................................................3.4-163.4.6 Environmental Consequences .....................................................................................................3.4-17 3.4.6.1 No-Build Alternative.........................................................................................................3.4-17 3.4.6.2 Locally Preferred Alternative (LPA) ..................................................................................3.4-17 3.4.6.3 Downtown Oakland to San Leandro BART (DOSL) Alternative ........................................3.4-36 3.4.6.4 Locally Preferred Alternative (LPA) Mitigated for Traffic Impacts ....................................3.4-37 3.4.6.5 Downtown Oakland to San Leandro BART (DOSL) Alternative ........................................3.4-493.4.7 Avoidance, Minimization, and/or Mitigation ...............................................................................3.4-51

3.4.7.1 Parking Mitigation Strategy and Methodology for Estimating Number of Mitigation Spaces ......3.4-51 3.4.7.2 LPA Parking Mitigation ....................................................................................................3.4-54 3.4.7.3 DOSL Alternative Parking Mitigation ...............................................................................3.4-91 3.4.7.4 LPA and DOSL Alternative Parking Mitigation Compared ................................................3.4-91

Chapter 4: Environmental Analysis4.1 Land Use .................................................................................................................................................. 4.1-1

4.1.1 Introduction to Analysis and Methodology ................................................................................... 4.1-14.1.2 Existing and Future Land Use ...................................................................................................... 4.1-1 4.1.2.1 Affected Environment ........................................................................................................ 4.1-14.1.3 Environmental Consequences .....................................................................................................4.1-304.1.4 Consistency with State, Regional and Local Plans .......................................................................4.1-324.1.5 Avoidance, Minimization, and/or Mitigation Measures ................................................................4.1-34

4.2 Growth Inducement .................................................................................................................................. 4.2-14.2.1 Introduction to Analysis/Methodology ......................................................................................... 4.2-14.2.2 Affected Environment.................................................................................................................. 4.2-24.2.3 Environmental Consequences ...................................................................................................... 4.2-24.2.4 Avoidance, Minimization and/or Mitigation Measures.................................................................. 4.2-3

AC Transit East Bay BRT Project vFinal Environmental Impact Statement/Environmental Impact Report

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4.3 Farmlands /Agricultural Lands .................................................................................................................. 4.3-14.4 Community Impacts.................................................................................................................................. 4.4-1

4.4.1 Community Character .................................................................................................................. 4.4-1 4.4.1.1 Affected Environment ........................................................................................................ 4.4-1 4.4.1.2 Environmental Consequences ............................................................................................4.4-12 4.4.1.3 Avoidance, Minimization and Mitigation Measures ...........................................................4.4-134.4.2 Public Services and Community Facilities ...................................................................................4.4-13 4.4.2.1 Affected Environment .......................................................................................................4.4-13 4.4.2.2 Environmental Consequences ............................................................................................4.4-14 4.4.2.3 Avoidance, Minimization and/or Mitigation Measures .......................................................4.4-154.4.3 Right of Way and Relocations .....................................................................................................4.4-264.4.4 Economic and Business Environment..........................................................................................4.4-26 4.4.4.1 Affected Environment .......................................................................................................4.4-26 4.4.4.2 Environmental Consequences ............................................................................................4.4-27 4.4.4.3 Avoidance, Minimization and Mitigation Measures ...........................................................4.4-294.4.5Section 4(f) Economic and Business Environment........................................................................4.4-29 4.4.5.1 Affected Environment .......................................................................................................4.4-30 4.4.5.2 Environmental Consequences ............................................................................................4.4-30 4.4.5.3 Avoidance, Minimization and/or Mitigation Measures .......................................................4.4-30

4.5 Utilities .................................................................................................................................................... 4.5-14.5.1 Introduction to Analysis/Methodology ......................................................................................... 4.5-14.5.2 Affected Environment.................................................................................................................. 4.5-24.5.3 Environmental Consequences ...................................................................................................... 4.5-24.5.4 Avoidance, Minimization and/or Mitigation Measures.................................................................. 4.5-4

4.6 Visual/Aesthetics ...................................................................................................................................... 4.6-1 4.6.1.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 4.6-1 4.6.1.2 Methodology ..................................................................................................................... 4.6-14.6.2 Affected Environment.................................................................................................................. 4.6-2 4.6.2.1 Existing Visual Character and Context ............................................................................... 4.6-2 4.6.2.2 Existing Visual Image Types and Viewer Groups ............................................................... 4.6-2 4.6.2.3 Landscape Units ................................................................................................................ 4.6-3 4.6.2.4 Visual Quality ...................................................................................................................4.6-10 4.6.2.5 Roadway Landscaping and Other Urban Design Features ..................................................4.6-144.6.3 Environmental Consequences .....................................................................................................4.6-16 4.6.3.1 Analysis of Visual Changes ...............................................................................................4.6-16 4.6.3.2 Consistency with General Plan Policies .............................................................................4.6-33 4.6.3.3 Removal/Relocation of Roadway Landscaping and Other Urban Design Features ..............4.6-344.6.4 Avoidance, Minimization and Mitigation Measures .....................................................................4.6-35

4.7 Cultural Resources .................................................................................................................................... 4.7-14.7.1 Introduction to Analysis/Methodology ......................................................................................... 4.7-14.7.2 Archeological Resources.............................................................................................................. 4.7-1 4.7.2.1 Affected Environment ........................................................................................................ 4.7-1 4.7.2.2 Environmental Consequences ............................................................................................. 4.7-3 4.7.2.3 Avoidance, Minimization and/or Mitigation Measures ........................................................ 4.7-34.7.3 Historic Resources ....................................................................................................................... 4.7-4 4.7.3.1 Affected Environment ........................................................................................................ 4.7-4 4.7.3.2 Environmental Consequences ............................................................................................. 4.7-6 4.7.3.3 Avoidance, Minimization and/or Mitigation Measures ........................................................ 4.7-6

4.8 Hydrology and Floodplains ....................................................................................................................... 4.8-14.8.1 Introduction to Analysis/Methodology ......................................................................................... 4.8-14.8.2 Affected Environment.................................................................................................................. 4.8-1 4.8.2.1 Strawberry, Derby and Temescal Creek .............................................................................. 4.8-1 4.8.2.2 Merritt Channel.................................................................................................................. 4.8-2 4.8.2.3 14th Avenue, Sausal, Peralta, Arroyo Viejo and Elmhurst Creeks ....................................... 4.8-2

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4.8.2.4 San Leandro Creek............................................................................................................. 4.8-24.8.3 Environmental Consequences ...................................................................................................... 4.8-3 4.8.3.1 Strawberry, Derby, and Temescal Creek ............................................................................. 4.8-3 4.8.3.2 Merritt Channel.................................................................................................................. 4.8-3 4.8.3.314th Avenue, Sausal, Peralta, Arroyo Viejo and Elmhurst Creeks ......................................... 4.8-3 4.8.3.4 San Leandro Creek............................................................................................................. 4.8-44.8.4 Avoidance, Minimization and/or Mitigation Measures.................................................................. 4.8-4

4.9 Water Quality and Stormwater Runoff ...................................................................................................... 4.9-14.9.1 Introduction to Analysis/Methodology ......................................................................................... 4.9-14.9.2 Affected Environment.................................................................................................................. 4.9-3 4.9.2.1 Hydrologic Setting ............................................................................................................. 4.9-3 4.9.2.2 Regional Water Quality ...................................................................................................... 4.9-34.9.3 Environmental Consequences ...................................................................................................... 4.9-4 4.9.3.1 Water Quality Impacts ....................................................................................................... 4.9-44.9.4 Avoidance, Minimization and/or Mitigation Measures.................................................................. 4.9-4

4.10 Geology/Soils/Seismic/Topography .......................................................................................................4.10-14.10.1 Introduction to Analysis/Methodology ......................................................................................4.10-14.10.2 Geologic Setting .......................................................................................................................4.10-1 4.10.2.1 Geology and Soils ...........................................................................................................4.10-1 4.10.2.2 Seismicity .......................................................................................................................4.10-24.10.3 Environmental Consequences ...................................................................................................4.10-34.10.4 Avoidance, Minimization and/or Mitigation Measures ...............................................................4.10-3

4.11 Hazardous Waste/Materials ....................................................................................................................4.11-14.11.1 Introduction to Analysis/Methodology ......................................................................................4.11-14.11.2 Affected Environment ...............................................................................................................4.11-14.11.3 Environmental Consequences ...................................................................................................4.11-2 4.11.3.1 Risk Sites on the Project Alignment.................................................................................4.11-2 4.11.3.2 Environmental Risk Sites in Proximity to the Project Alignment ......................................4.11-44.11.4 Avoidance, Minimization and/or Mitigation Measures ...............................................................4.11-8

4.12 Air Quality ............................................................................................................................................4.12-14.12.1 Regulatory Setting ....................................................................................................................4.12-1 4.12.1.1 National and State Ambient Air Quality Standards...........................................................4.12-2 4.12.1.2 Air Quality Plans ............................................................................................................4.12-8 4.12.1.3 Air Quality Conformity ...................................................................................................4.12-9 4.12.1.4 Affected Environment .....................................................................................................4.12-9 4.12.1.5 Existing Conditions .........................................................................................................4.12-94.12.2 Methodology and Significant Criteria ...................................................................................... 4.12-15 4.12.2.1 Methodology................................................................................................................. 4.12-15 4.12.2.2 Significance Criteria ..................................................................................................... 4.12-174.12.3 Impact Discussion................................................................................................................... 4.12-18 4.12.3.1 Operational Phase Impacts ............................................................................................ 4.12-19 4.12.3.2 DOSL Impacts .............................................................................................................. 4.12-23

4.13 Noise and Vibration ...............................................................................................................................4.13-14.13.1 Introduction to Analysis/Methodology ......................................................................................4.13-1 4.13.1.1 Noise Methodology and Criteria ......................................................................................4.13-1 4.13.1.2 Vibration Methodology and Criteria ................................................................................4.13-64.13.2 Affected Environment ...............................................................................................................4.13-9 4.13.2.1 Existing Noise.................................................................................................................4.13-9 4.13.2.2 Existing Vibration ......................................................................................................... 4.13-134.13.3 Environmental Consequences ................................................................................................. 4.13-13 4.13.3.1 Noise Impacts ............................................................................................................... 4.13-13 4.13.3.2 Vibration Impacts ......................................................................................................... 4.13-254.13.4 Avoidance, Minimization and/or Mitigation Measures ............................................................. 4.13-25 4.13.4.1 Noise ............................................................................................................................ 4.13-25

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4.13.4.2 Vibration ...................................................................................................................... 4.13-254.14 Green House Gas Impacts ......................................................................................................................4.14-1

4.14.1 Introduction to Analysis/Methodology ......................................................................................4.14-14.14.2 Legal and Regulatory Context ...................................................................................................4.14-14.14.3 Methodology ............................................................................................................................4.14-14.14.4 Affected Environment ...............................................................................................................4.14-34.14.5 Environmental Consequences ...................................................................................................4.14-44.14.6 Avoidance, Minimization, and/or Mitigation Measures ..............................................................4.14-6

4.15 Energy ...................................................................................................................................................4.15-14.15.1 Introduction to Analysis/Methodology ......................................................................................4.15-14.15.2 Environmental Consequences ...................................................................................................4.15-14.15.3 Avoidance, Minimization and Mitigation Measures ...................................................................4.15-2

4.16 Biological Environment .........................................................................................................................4.16-14.16.1 Wetlands and Other Waters .......................................................................................................4.16-6 4.16.1.1 Introduction to Analysis/Methodology .............................................................................4.16-6 4.16.1.2 Affected Environment .....................................................................................................4.16-6 4.16.1.3 Environmental Consequences ..........................................................................................4.16-7 4.16.1.4 Avoidance, Minimization and/or Mitigation Measures .....................................................4.16-74.16.2 Plant Species ............................................................................................................................4.16-8 4.16.2.1 Introduction to Analysis/Methodology .............................................................................4.16-8 4.16.2.2 Affected Environment .....................................................................................................4.16-9 4.16.2.3 Environmental Consequences ..........................................................................................4.16-9 4.16.2.4 Avoidance, Minimization and/or Mitigation Measures .....................................................4.16-94.16.3 Animal Species ....................................................................................................................... 4.16-10 4.16.3.1 Introduction to Analysis/Methodology ........................................................................... 4.16-10 4.16.3.2 Affected Environment ................................................................................................... 4.16-10 4.16.3.3 Environmental Consequences ........................................................................................ 4.16-11 4.16.3.4 Avoidance, Minimization and/or Mitigation Measures ................................................... 4.16-124.16.4 Threatened and Endangered Species........................................................................................ 4.16-12 4.16.4.1 Introduction to Analysis/Methodology ........................................................................... 4.16-12 4.16.4.2 Affected Environment ................................................................................................... 4.16-13 4.16.4.3 Environmental Consequences ........................................................................................ 4.16-13 4.16.4.4 Avoidance, Minimization and/or Mitigation Measures ................................................... 4.16-144.16.5 Invasive Species ..................................................................................................................... 4.16-14 4.16.5.1 Introduction to Analysis/Methodology ........................................................................... 4.16-14 4.16.5.2 Affected Environment ................................................................................................... 4.16-14 4.16.5.3 Environmental Consequences ........................................................................................ 4.16-14 4.16.5.4 Avoidance, Minimization and/or Mitigation Measures ................................................... 4.16-14

4.17 Construction Related Impacts .................................................................................................................4.17-14.17.1 Construction Stages, Schedule and Work Hours ........................................................................4.17-14.17.2 Traffic and Transportation/Pedestrian and Bicycle Facilities ......................................................4.17-24.17.3 Community Impacts..................................................................................................................4.17-34.17.3.1 Effects on Local Access .........................................................................................................4.17-34.17.3.2 Effects on Construction Staging .............................................................................................4.17-34.17.4 Utility/Service Systems .............................................................................................................4.17-44.17.5 Visual/Aesthetics ......................................................................................................................4.17-44.17.6 Cultural Resources ....................................................................................................................4.17-44.17.7 Hydrology and Water Quality ...................................................................................................4.17-5 4.17.7.1 Environmental Consequences ..........................................................................................4.17-5 4.17.7.2 Avoidance, Minimization, and/or Mitigation....................................................................4.17-54.17.8 Hazardous Materials .................................................................................................................4.17-6 4.17.8.1 Environmental Consequences ..........................................................................................4.17-6 4.17.8.2 Avoidance, Minimization, and/or Mitigation....................................................................4.17-74.17.9 Air Quality ...............................................................................................................................4.17-7

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4.17.9.1 Impacts ...........................................................................................................................4.17-7 4.17.9.2 Avoidance, Minimization, and/or Mitigation.................................................................. 4.17-124.17.10 Noise and Vibration .............................................................................................................. 4.17-12 4.17.10.1 Construction Noise ...................................................................................................... 4.17-12 4.17.10.2 Construction Vibration ................................................................................................ 4.17-15 4.17.10.3 Construction ............................................................................................................... 4.17-16 4.17.10.3.1 Construction Noise ........................................................................................... 4.17-16 4.17.10.3.2 Construction Vibration...................................................................................... 4.17-18 4.17.10.4 Avoidance, Minimization, and/or Mitigation Measures ................................................ 4.17-194.17.11 Biological Environment ........................................................................................................ 4.17-20

4.18 Environmental Justice ............................................................................................................................4.18-14.18.1 Methodology ............................................................................................................................4.18-24.18.2 Affected Environment ...............................................................................................................4.18-24.18.3 Environmental Consequences ...................................................................................................4.18-64.18.3 Avoidance, Minimization, and/or Mitigation Measures ............................................................ 4.18-15

Chapter 5: Cumulative Impacts5.1 Overview .................................................................................................................................................. 5.1-15.2 Regional Context ...................................................................................................................................... 5.2-15.3 Local Context ........................................................................................................................................... 5.3-15.4 Cumulative Impacts .................................................................................................................................. 5.4-15.5 Avoidance, Minimization, and/or Mitigation Measures .............................................................................. 5.5-1

Chapter 6: California Environmental Quality Act Compliance6.1 The CEQA Process ................................................................................................................................... 6.1-1

6.1.1 Use of the Final EIR .................................................................................................................... 6.1-16.1.2 Focus of Comments ..................................................................................................................... 6.1-26.1.3 Significance of New Information ................................................................................................. 6.1-36.1.4 Certification of the Final EIR ....................................................................................................... 6.1-3

6.2 The Relationship between NEPA and CEQA............................................................................................. 6.2-16.2.1 Significance of Impacts................................................................................................................ 6.2-16.2.2 Environmental Baseline ............................................................................................................... 6.2-1

6.3 CEQA Assessment of Project Impacts ....................................................................................................... 6.3-16.3.1 CEQA Criteria of Significance ..................................................................................................... 6.3-16.3.2 CEQA Mandatory Findings of Significance ................................................................................6.3-126.3.3 Less-than-Significant Effects of the Proposed Project ..................................................................6.3-12 6.3.3.1 Agriculture and Forestry Resources ...................................................................................6.3-13 6.3.3.2 Mineral Resources ............................................................................................................6.3-13 6.3.3.3 Recreation ........................................................................................................................6.3-146.3.4 Significant Environmental Effect of the Proposed Project ............................................................6.3-14 6.3.4.1 Transportation/Traffic Impacts ..........................................................................................6.3-28 6.3.4.2 Hazardous Waste/Materials Impacts ..................................................................................6.3-28 6.3.4.3 Construction Related Impacts – Air Quality .......................................................................6.3-28 6.3.4.4 Construction Related Impacts – Noise and Vibration .........................................................6.3-336.3.5 Unavoidable Significant Environmental Effects ..........................................................................6.3-336.3.6 Irreversible Environmental Changes............................................................................................6.3-336.3.7 Growth-Inducing Impacts ...........................................................................................................6.3-34

6.4 Project Alternatives .................................................................................................................................. 6.4-16.4.1 Alternatives Considered but Rejected ........................................................................................... 6.4-16.4.2 Alternative Selected for Consideration ......................................................................................... 6.4-3 6.4.2.1 Alternative 1 No-Build ....................................................................................................... 6.4-4 6.4.2.2 Alternative 2 DOSL Alternative ......................................................................................... 6.4-7 6.4.2.3 Environmentally-Superior Alternative ................................................................................ 6.4-9

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Chapter 7: Consultation and Coordination7.1 Summary of Outreach during Final EIS/EIR.............................................................................................. 7.1-1

7.1.1 City Decision-Making Outreach Following Draft EIR/EIR ........................................................... 7.1-3 7.1.1.1 City of Berkeley................................................................................................................. 7.1-3 7.1.1.2 City of Oakland ................................................................................................................. 7.1-6 7.1.1.3 City of San Leandro ........................................................................................................... 7.1-8

7.2 Local Agency Coordination – Post Draft EIS/EIR ..................................................................................... 7.2-17.2.1 Technical Advisory Committee for the Final EIS/EIR .................................................................. 7.2-17.2.2 Policy Steering Committee for Preparation of Final EIS/EIR ........................................................ 7.2-2

7.3 Agency Coordination ................................................................................................................................ 7.3-17.4 Coordination with Private Groups ............................................................................................................. 7.4-17.5 State and Federal Agency Coordination and Approvals.............................................................................. 7.5-1

7.5.1 Coordination and Consultation Pursuant to Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act . 7.5-17.5.2 Historic Resources ....................................................................................................................... 7.5-17.5.3 Archaeological Resources ............................................................................................................ 7.5-27.5.4 Tribal Coordination ..................................................................................................................... 7.5-2

7.6 Publication of this Environmental Document ............................................................................................. 7.6-17.7 Chronology of Coordination Meetings after the Draft EIS/EIR .................................................................. 7.7-17.8 Summary of Comments on the Draft EIS/EIR ........................................................................................... 7.8-1

7.8.1 Introduction and Approach to Comments ..................................................................................... 7.8-17.8.2 Federal and State Requirements ................................................................................................... 7.8-1

7.9 Response to Common Comments on the Draft EIS/EIR ............................................................................. 7.9-17.9.1 Proposed Project Alignment and Transit Service .......................................................................... 7.9-1 7.9.1.1 Dedicated Transit Lanes. .................................................................................................... 7.9-2 7.9.1.2 Median-Running BRT Lanes .............................................................................................. 7.9-3 7.9.1.3 BRT and BART ................................................................................................................. 7.9-4 7.9.1.4 BRT versus BART Feeder Bus Service .............................................................................. 7.9-47.9.2 Current and Future Systems Design ............................................................................................. 7.9-6 7.9.2.1 BRT Vehicles .................................................................................................................... 7.9-6 7.9.2.2 Station Amenities and Security ........................................................................................... 7.9-6 7.9.2.3 ADA (Support for the Mobility Impaired) .......................................................................... 7.9-7 7.9.2.4 Bicycles and Other Modes/Wayfinding .............................................................................. 7.9-7 7.9.2.5 Station Aesthetics .............................................................................................................. 7.9-77.9.3 Environmental ............................................................................................................................. 7.9-7 7.9.3.1 Global Climate Change ...................................................................................................... 7.9-8 7.9.3.2 Visual Quality .................................................................................................................... 7.9-8 7.9.3.3 Cultural Resources ............................................................................................................. 7.9-8 7.9.3.4 Noise and Vibration ........................................................................................................... 7.9-9 7.9.3.5 Energy Consumption and Air Quality ................................................................................. 7.9-9 7.9.3.6 Induced Growth and Community Impacts ........................................................................... 7.9-9 7.9.3.7 CEQA Compliance ............................................................................................................ 7.9-97.9.4 Fares ..........................................................................................................................................7.9-10 7.9.4.1 O & M Funding Shortfall ..................................................................................................7.9-10 7.9.4.2 Affordability .....................................................................................................................7.9-10 7.9.4.3 Fare Reductions ................................................................................................................7.9-11 7.9.4.4. Free Fare Zone .................................................................................................................7.9-11 7.9.4.4 Fare Collection .................................................................................................................7.9-117.9.5 Ridership Forecasting and Modeling ........................................................................................... 7.9.11 7.9.5.1 Ridership ..........................................................................................................................7.9-12 7.9.5.2 Walk to Local Transit Mode ..............................................................................................7.9-12 7.9.5.3 Alameda Model ................................................................................................................7.9-127.9.6 New Project Alternatives ............................................................................................................7.9-13 7.9.6.1 Transit Modes Considered but Rejected .............................................................................7.9-13

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7.9.6.2 Preferred Route Alignment ................................................................................................7.9-14 7.9.6.3 Grade Separation ..............................................................................................................7.9-14 7.9.6.4 Dedicated Lanes, Station Spacing, and Vehicle Frequency .................................................7.9-14 7.9.6.5 BRT versus Rapid Bus Service (Oakland Bus Bulbs Alternative) .......................................7.9-157.9.7 Implementation and Operations...................................................................................................7.9-15 7.9.7.1 BRT Operations and Adjustments During Bus Lane or traffic Lane Blockages ...................7.9-15 7.9.7.2 Funding ............................................................................................................................7.9-16 7.9.7.3 Construction Impacts ........................................................................................................7.9-167.9.8 Outreach and Marketing ............................................................................................................. 7.9.17 7.9.8.1 Public Outreach ................................................................................................................7.9-17 7.9.8.2 Marketing to Prospective Riders ........................................................................................7.9-18 7.9.8.3 Project Branding ...............................................................................................................7.9-197.9.9 Parking .......................................................................................................................................7.9-20 7.9.9.1 Parking Surveys ................................................................................................................7.9-20 7.9.9.2 Parking Supply, Relocation, and Mitigation .......................................................................7.9-207.9.10 Pedestrian/Bicycle Impacts .......................................................................................................7.9-21 7.9.10.1 Bicycle Impacts ..............................................................................................................7.9-21 7.9.10.2 Pedestrian Impacts ..........................................................................................................7.9-22 7.9.10.3 “Bicycle Friendliness”.....................................................................................................7.9-227.9.11 Project Process .........................................................................................................................7.9-23 7.9.11.1 Public Comment Responses ............................................................................................7.9-23 7.9.11.2 Additional Analysis.........................................................................................................7.9-24 7.0.11.3 Next Steps ......................................................................................................................7.9-257.9.12 Project Funding and Costs......................................................................................................... 7.9.25 7.9.12.1 Small Starts Funding .......................................................................................................7.9-25 7.9.12.2 Funding Sources .............................................................................................................7.9-267.9.13 Purpose and Need .....................................................................................................................7.9-267.9.14 Safety and Security ...................................................................................................................7.9-28 7.9.14.1 Motorized versus Non-motorized conflicts ......................................................................7.9-28 7.9.14.2 Security at Transit Stations ..............................................................................................7.9-29 7.9.14.3 Illegal Movements ..........................................................................................................7.9-297.9.15 Station Locations ......................................................................................................................7.9-30 7.9.15.1 Station Placement ...........................................................................................................7.9-30 7.9.15.2 Interaction with Other Modes ..........................................................................................7.9-327.9.16 Traffic ......................................................................................................................................7.9-32 7.9.16.1 Traffic Diversion and Mitigation .....................................................................................7.9-32 7.9.16.2 Travel Demand Model and Mode Shifts ..........................................................................7.9-33 7.9.16.3 Traffic Safety ..................................................................................................................7.9-33

Chapter 8: Financial Analysis and FTA Small Starts Process8.1 Introduction .............................................................................................................................................. 8.1-18.2 Financial Analysis .................................................................................................................................... 8.2-1

8.2.1 Project Costs ............................................................................................................................... 8.2-1 8.2.1.1LPA Capital Costs .............................................................................................................. 8.2-1 8.2.1.2 LPA O&M Costs ............................................................................................................... 8.2-2 8.2.1.3 DOSL Capital Costs ........................................................................................................... 8.2-3 8.2.1.4 DOLS O&M Costs............................................................................................................. 8.2-48.2.2 Sources of Funding ...................................................................................................................... 8.2-5 8.2.2.1 Capital Funding ................................................................................................................. 8.2-5 8.2.2.2 O&M Funding ................................................................................................................... 8.2-88.2.3 Analysis Results .........................................................................................................................8.2-108.2.4 Other Related Project Improvements ...........................................................................................8.2-10

8.3 Small Starts Rating ................................................................................................................................... 8.3-1

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Chapter 9: Evaluation of Alternatives9.1 Evaluation Relative to Project Goals And Objectives ................................................................................. 9.1-1

9.1.1 Improve Transit Service in Project Corridor ................................................................................. 9.1-39.1.2 Increase Transit Ridership............................................................................................................ 9.1-39.1.3 Improve and Maintain Efficiency of Transit ................................................................................. 9.1-49.1.4 Support Local and Regional Planning Goals ................................................................................. 9.1-49.1.5 Environmental Impacts ................................................................................................................ 9.1-59.1.6 Summary of Evaluation ............................................................................................................... 9.1-6

9.2 Small Starts Evaluation Process ................................................................................................................ 9.2-1

AC Transit East Bay BRT Project xiiFinal Environmental Impact Statement/Environmental Impact Report

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Volume II

AppendicesAppendix A – Preferred Alternative Alignment ExhibitsAppendix B – Glossary and AcronymsAppendix C – CEQA ChecklistAppendix D – Supporting Tables and FiguresAppendix E – List of Preparers and ContributorsAppendix F – Final EIS Distribution ListAppendix G – Agency CorrespondenceAppendix H – List of References and Technical StudiesAppendix I – Supporting DocumentationAppendix J – Avoidance, Minimization or Mitigation SummaryAppendix K –FTA Acceptance of NEPA Reevaluation

Comments And Responses1.0 Summary of Comments on the Draft EIS/EIR2.0 Response to Common Comments on the Draft EIS/EIR 2.1 Proposed Project Alignment and Transit Service 2.2 Current and Future Systems Design 2.3 Environmental 2.4 Fares 2.5 Ridership Forecasting and Modeling 2.6 New Project Alternatives 2.7 Implementation and Operations 2.8 Outreach and Marketing 2.9 Parking 2.10 Pedestrian/Bicycle Impacts 2.11 Project Process 2.12 Project Funding and Costs 2.13 Purpose and Need 2.14 Safety and Security 2.15 Station Locations and Logistics 2.16 Traffic3.0 Response to Specific Comments on the Draft EIS/EIR 3.1 Federal and State Agency Comments and Responses 3.2 Regional and Local Agency Comments and Responses 3.3 Organization and Citizen Comments and Responses

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List of FiguresFigure 1.1-1 Project LocationFigure 1.1-2a Project VicinityFigure 1.1-2b Project VicinityFigure 1.3-1 AC Transit Bus Fleet Average Operating SpeedFigure 1.3-2 ScheduleFigure 1.2-3 Severely Congested Intersections in Project Corridor (No-Build)Figure 1.2-4 Employment Density in the Corridor and Vicinity, 2000Figure 1.2-5 Employment Growth, 2010 to 2035 (Source: ABAG 2009 Projections)Figure 1.2-6 Population Density in the Corridor and Vicinity, 2000Figure 1.2-7 Corridor Population Growth, 2010 to 2035 (Source: ABAG 2009 Projections)Figure 1.2-8 Households with Income below Poverty Level, 2000Figure 2.2-1a Major AC Transit RoutesFigure 2.2-1b Major AC Transit RoutesFigure 2.2-1c Major AC Transit RoutesFigure 2.3-2 Configuration of TransitwayFigure 2.3-2 BRT Alignment and StationsFigure 2.3-3 Perspective of Station in Street MedianFigure 2.3-4 Perspective of Curbside StationFigure 2.3-5 LPA AlignmentFigure 2.3-6 DOSL AlignmentFigure 3.1-1a AC Transit Service AreaFigure 3.1-1b AC Transit Service AreaFigure 3.1-2 BART System MapFigure 3.1-3 Transit Way Configuration and BRT OperationsFigure 3.1-4a Proposed BRT Station LocationsFigure 3.1-4b Proposed BRT Station LocationsFigure 3.1-4c Proposed BRT Station LocationsFigure 3.1-5 LPA and No-Build Transit BoardingsFigure 3.1-6 Alignment of DOSL AlternativeFigure 3.1-7a DOSL Station LocationsFigure 3.1-7b DOSL Station LocationsFigure 3.1-8 DOSL Alternative and No-Build BoardingsFigure 3.2-1 Study Intersection Locations for Traffic AnalysisFigure 3.2-2 Study Intersection Locations for Traffic AnalysisFigure 3.2-3 Roadway Segment Volumes, Existing AMFigure 3.2-4 Roadway Segment Volumes, Existing PMFigure 3.2-5 LOS E and F Intersections, Existing ConditionsFigure 3.2-6 Roadway Segment Volumes, 2015 No-Build AMFigure 3.2-7 Roadway Segment Volumes, 2015 No-Build PMFigure 3.2-8 Screenline LocationsFigure 3.2-9 LOS E and F Intersections, 2015 No-BuildFigure 3.2-10 Roadway Segment Volumes, 2015 LPA Build AMFigure 3.2-11 Roadway Segment Volumes, 2015 LPA Build PMFigure 3.2-12 Significant Impacts, 2015 with LPAFigure 3.2-13 Roadway Segment Volumes, 2035 No-Build AMFigure 3.2-14 Roadway Segment Volumes, 2035 No-Build PMFigure 3.2-15 LOS E and F Intersections, 2035 No-BuildFigure 3.2-16 Roadway Segment Volumes, 2035 Build AMFigure 3.2-17 Roadway Segment Volumes, 2035 Build PM

AC Transit East Bay BRT Project xivFinal Environmental Impact Statement/Environmental Impact Report

January 2012

Figure 3.2-18 Significant Impacts, 2035 with LPAFigure 3.3-1 Berkeley Existing and Future (Baseline/No-Build) BikewaysFigure 3.3-2 Oakland Existing BikewaysFigure 3.3-3 Oakland Future (Baseline/No-Build) BikewaysFigure 3.3-4 Oakland Existing BikewaysFigure 3.3-5 Oakland Future (Baseline/No-Build) BikewaysFigure 3.3-6 Oakland Existing BikewaysFigure 3.3-7 Oakland Future (Baseline/No-Build) BikewaysFigure 3.3-8 Oakland Existing BikewaysFigure 3.3-9 Oakland Future (Baseline/No-Build) BikewaysFigure 3.3-10 San Leandro Existing and Future (Baseline/No-Build) BikewaysFigure 3.3-11a BRT and Route 1R Connecting Downtown Berkeley-Downtown Oakland San LeandroFigure 3.3-11b Route 1R Connecting Downtown Berkeley-Downtown Oakland-San LeandroFigure 3.3-11c Route 1R Connecting Downtown Berkeley-Downtown Oakland-San LeandroFigure 3.3-11d Route 1R Connecting Downtown Berkeley-Downtown Oakland-San LeandroFigure 3.3-12 BRT Stations and Total RidershipFigure 3.4-1 Existing Parking Occupancies along BRT AlignmentFigure 3.4-2 Mixed-flow BRT Operations with Curbside Stations (blue)Figure 3.4-3 Side Running BRT Operations with Curbside Station (blue)Figure 3.4-4 Median Transitway (orange) with Station (blue) and Left Turn LanesFigure 3.4-5 North Oakland – Temescal Potential Locations for Relocated Parking on Cross-Streets

(Woolsey St to 63rd St)Figure 3.4-6 North Oakland – Temescal Primary Potential Locations for Relocated Parking on Cross-

Streets (Aileen St to 51st St)Figure 3.4-7 North Oakland – Temescal Primary Potential Locations for Relocated Parking on Cross-

Streets (49th St to 43rd St)Figure 3.4-8 North Oakland – Temescal Potential Locations for Relocated Parking on Cross-Streets

(42nd St to 38th St)Figure 3.4-9 North Oakland – Telegraph Ave Potential Off-Street Parking LotsFigure 3.4-10 North Oakland – Koreatown-Northgate/Pill Hill/MacArthur Potential Locations for

Relocated Parking on Cross-Streets (MacArthur Blvd St to 28th St)Figure 3.4-11 North Oakland – Koreatown-Northgate/Pill Hill/MacArthur Potential Locations for

Relocated Parking on Cross-Streets (27th St to W Grand Ave)Figure 3.4-12 East Oakland – Eastlake/San Antonio Potential Locations for Relocated Parking on Cross-

Streets (1st Ave to 6th Ave)Figure 3.4-13 East Oakland – Fruitvale Potential Locations for Relocated Parking on Cross-Streets (23rd

Ave to 27th Ave)Figure 3.4-14 East Oakland – Fruitvale Potential Locations for Relocated Parking on Cross-Streets

(Mitchell St to Fruitvale Ave)Figure 3.4-15 East Oakland – Fruitvale Potential Locations for Relocated Parking on Cross-Streets (35th

Ave to 40th Ave)Figure 3.4-16 East Oakland – FruitvalePotential Off-Street Parking LotsFigure 3.4-17 East Oakland – Elmhurst Potential Locations for Relocated Parking on Cross-Streets (71st

Ave to 82nd Ave)Figure 3.4-18 East Oakland – Elmhurst Potential Locations for Relocated Parking on Cross-Streets

(92nd Ave to 102nd Ave)Figure 3.4-19 East Oakland – Elmhurst Potential Off-Street Parking LotsFigure 4.1-1 Cities and Subareas in the CorridorFigure 4.1-2 Population Density in the Corridor and Vicinity, 2000

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Figure 4.1-3 Employment Density in the Corridor and Vicinity, 2000Figure 4.1-4 Activity Centers and Major Destinations in the Corridor, 2000Figure 4.4-1a Study Area Socioeconomic Census Tracts, 2000Figure 4.4-1b Study Area Socioeconomic Census Tracts, 2000Figure 4.4-2 Households without Private Transportation, 2000Figure 4.4-3 Berkeley, Oakland, and San Leandro Planning AreasFigure 4.4-4a Public FacilitiesFigure 4.4-4b Public FacilitiesFigure 4.4-4c Public FacilitiesFigure 4.4-5a Community FacilitiesFigure 4.4-5b Community FacilitiesFigure 4.4-6a Houses of WorshipFigure 4.4-6b Houses of WorshipFigure 4.4-6c Houses of WorshipFigure 4.4-7a Parks and Recreational FacilitiesFigure 4.4-7b Parks and Recreational FacilitiesFigure 4.6-1 Viewpoint 1Figure 4.6-1 Viewpoint 2Figure 4.6-2 Viewpoint 3Figure 4.6-3 Viewpoint 4Figure 4.6-4 Viewpoint 5Figure 4.6-5 Viewpoint 6Figure 4.6-6 Viewpoint 7Figure 4.6-7 Viewpoint 8Figure 4.13-1 FTA Noise Impact Criteria for Transit ProjectsFigure 4.13-2 Increase in Cumulative Noise Levels Allowed by FTA CriteriaFigure 4.13-3 Typical Levels of Groundborne VibrationFigure 4.16-1 Biological Study AreaFigure 4.16-2 Biological Study AreaFigure 4.16-3 Biological Study AreaFigure 4.16-4 Biological Study AreaFigure 4.18-1 Minority Populations, 2000Figure 4.18-12 Households with Income below Poverty Level, 2000

AC Transit East Bay BRT Project xviFinal Environmental Impact Statement/Environmental Impact Report

January 2012

List of TablesTable 1.5-1 Anticipated Permits and Approvals RequiredTable 2.2-1 Features of Build Alternatives Evaluated in Draft EIS/EIRTable 2.3-1 Projects, Plans, and Policies Included in the No-Build AlternativeTable 2.3-2 Extent of Dedicated Median and Side-Running BRT LanesTable 2.3-3 Proposed Changes to Vehicle Turns and Traffic Signals: TemescalTable 2.3-4 Proposed Changes to Vehicle Turns and Traffic Signals: Pill Hill/Koreatown/Grand AveTable 2.3-5 Proposed Changes to Vehicle Turns and Traffic Signals: Downtown OaklandTable 2.3-6 Proposed Changes to Vehicle Turns and Traffic Signals: Eastlake and San AntonioTable 2.3-7 Proposed Changes to Vehicle Turns and Traffic Signals: FruitvaleTable 2.3-8 Proposed Changes to Vehicle Turns and Traffic Signals: Central East OaklandTable 2.3-9 Proposed Changes to Vehicle Turns and Traffic Signals: ElmhurstTable 2.3-10 Proposed Changes to Vehicle Turns and Traffic Signals: San LeandroTable 2.4-1 Summary of Changes Between the Draft EIS/EIR Alternative 4 and Final EIS/EIR LPATable 2.5-1 Capital Cost ($Millions) of East Bay BRT Project (YOE-2016)Table 2.5-2 Comparison of Annual Operating and Maintenance Costs (2016)Table 3.1-1 AC Transit Service CharacteristicsTable 3.1-2 AC Transit Ridership—FY 2008-2009Table 3.1-3 Existing AC Transit Service in the Project Corridor (Spring 2010)Table 3.1-4 Intersecting Local Bus Routes by Stop LocationTable 3.1-5 Average Weekday Boardings in 2009Table 3.1-6 Average Weekday Boardings on Route 1 and 1R by City (2009)Table 3.1-7 Extent of Proposed Dedicated LanesTable 3.1-8 Proposed BRT StationsTable 3.1-9 No-Build Alternative Service in Project Corridor, 2015 and 2035Table 3.1-10 LPA Service along Project Corridor, 2015 and 2035Table 3.1-11 Operating Resources Required for No-Build and LPA in Project CorridorTable 3.1-12 Average Bus Speeds and travel Times between Downtown Berkeley and San Leandro

BART, (No-Build) Conditions and LPA Alternative, 2015Table 3.1-13 Average Bus Speeds and travel Times between Downtown Berkeley and San Leandro

BART, No-Build Conditions and LPA Alternative, 2035Table 3.1-14 Average Weekday Transit Patronage: Existing Conditions, 2015 and 2035 No Build

Alternative and 2015 and 2035 LPATable 3.1-15 Extent of Dedicated Lanes along DOSL AlternativeTable 3.1-16 No-Build Alternative Service in Project Corridor, 2015 and 2035Table 3.1-17 DOSL Alternative Service, 2015 and 2035Table 3.1-18 Operating Resources Required for No-Build and DOSL Alternative Service in Project

CorridorTable 3.1-19 Average Bus Speeds in Corridor, (No-Build) Conditions and DOSL Alternative, 2015Table 3.1-20 Average Bus Speeds in Corridor, No-Build Conditions and DOSL Alternative, 2035Table 3.1-21 Average Weekday Transit Patronage: Existing Conditions, 2015 and 2035 No Build

Alternative and 2015 and 2035 DOSL AlternativeTable 3.2-1 Planned and Programmed ProjectsTable 3.2-2 Year 2015 No-Build Screenline Person TripsTable 3.2-3 Year 2015 Change in Person Trips with LPA at Select ScreenlinesTable 3.2-4 Summary of Intersections with Significant Impacts: Year 2015 No-Build and Year 2015

with LPATable 3.2-5 Year 2015 Change in Person Trips with DOSL at Select ScreenlinesTable 3.2-6Year 2035

No-Build Screenline Person Trips

AC Transit East Bay BRT Project xviiFinal Environmental Impact Statement/Environmental Impact Report

January 2012

Table 3.2-7 Year 2035 Change in Person Trips with LPA at Select ScreenlinesTable 3.2-8 Summary of Intersections Adversely Affected: Year 2035 No-Build and Year 2035 with

LPATable 3.2-9 Comparison of Number of Impacts: Year 2035 with LPA vs. Year 2025 DEIS AnalysisTable 3.2-10 Year 2035 Change in Person Trips with DOSL at Select Screenlines with DOSL

Alternative ScreenlinesTable 3.2-11 Possible Right-Turn Diversion LocationsTable 3.2-12 Intersection Levels of Service Before and After Mitigation, Year 2015 LPATable 3.2-13 Intersection Levels of Service Before and After Mitigation, Year 2035 LPATable 3.3-1 Major Pedestrian Activity Centers along the Project CorridorTable 3.3-2 Existing Pedestrian Volumes at Select Locations along the Project Alignment (PM Peak

Hour)Table 3.3-3 Standard Bikeway Classification DefinitionsTable 3.3-4 Existing Bicycle Volumes at Select Locations along the Project Alignment (PM Peak

Hour)Table 3.3-5 Oakland’s Bicycle Classification SystemTable 3.3-6 New Routes Implemented in Oakland since 2011Table 3.3-7 BRT Station Locations Compared to Existing Route 1 and 1R StopsTable 3.3-8 Planned Pedestrian Improvements Under LPA and DOSL AlternativeTable 3.3-9 Planned Bicycle ImprovementsTable 3.4-1 Berkeley Parking SummaryTable 3.4-2 North Oakland – Temescal Parking SummaryTable 3.4-3 North Oakland – Temescal Evening ParkingTable 3.4-4 North Oakland – Koreatown-Northgate/Pill Hill/MacArthur ParkingTable 3.4-5 Downtown Oakland Parking SummaryTable 3.4-6 East Oakland – Eastlake/San Antonio Parking SummaryTable 3.4-7 East Oakland - Eastlake/San Antonio Evening Parking SummaryTable 3.4-8 East Oakland - Fruitvale Parking SummaryTable 3.4-9 East Oakland - Fruitvale Evening ParkingTable 3.4-10 East Oakland – Central East Oakland Parking SummaryTable 3.4-11 East Oakland – Elmhurst Parking SummaryTable 3.4-12 San Leandro Parking SummaryTable 3.4-13 Berkeley Parking DisplacementsTable 3.4-14 Berkeley Metered Parking DisplacementsTable 3.4-15 North Oakland – Temescal Parking DisplacementsTable 3.4-16 North Oakland – Temescal Metered Parking DisplacementsTable 3.4-17 North Oakland – Koreatown-Northgate/Pill Hill/MacArthur Parking DisplacementsTable 3.4-18 North Oakland – Koreatown-Northgate/Pill Hill/MacArthur Metered Parking

DisplacementsTable 3.4-19 Downtown Oakland Parking DisplacementsTable 3.4-20 Downtown Oakland Metered Parking DisplacementsTable 3.4-21 East Oakland – Eastlake/San Antonio Parking DisplacementsTable 3.4-22 East Oakland – Eastlake/San Antonio Metered Parking DisplacementsTable 3.4-23 East Oakland - Fruitvale Parking DisplacementsTable 3.4-24 Fruitvale Metered Parking DisplacementsTable 3.4-25 East Oakland – Central East Oakland Parking DisplacementsTable 3.4-26 East Oakland – Elmhurst Parking DisplacementsTable 3.4-27 Oakland Parking Displacements SummaryTable 3.4-28 San Leandro Parking Displacements

AC Transit East Bay BRT Project xviiiFinal Environmental Impact Statement/Environmental Impact Report

January 2012

Table 3.4-29 San Leandro Metered Parking DisplacementsTable 3.4-30 LPA Parking Displacements SummaryTable 3.4-31 DOSL Parking Displacements SummaryTable 3.4-32 Berkeley Off-Corridor Parking Displacements SummaryTable 3.4-33 North Oakland – Temescal Parking DisplacementsTable 3.4-34 North Oakland – Temescal Metered Parking DisplacementsTable 3.4-35 North Oakland – Koreatown-Northgate/Pill Hill/MacArthur Parking DisplacementsTable 3.4-36 North Oakland – Koreatown-Northgate/Pill Hill/MacArthur Metered Parking

DisplacementsTable 3.4-37 East Oakland – Central East Oakland Parking Displacements)Table 3.4-38 East Oakland – Central East Oakland Metered Parking DisplacementsTable 3.4-39 East Oakland – Elmhurst Parking DisplacementsTable 3.4-40 Oakland On-Alignment Parking Displacements SummaryTable 3.4-41 Oakland Off-Alignment Parking Displacements SummaryTable 3.4-42 LPA with Traffic Mitigations On-Alignment Parking Displacements SummaryTable 3.4-43 LPA with Traffic Mitigations Off-Alignment Parking Displacements SummaryTable 3.4-44 DOSL with Traffic Mitigations On-Alignment Parking Displacements SummaryTable 3.4-45 DOSL with Traffic Mitigations Off-Alignment Parking Displacements SummaryTable 3.4-46 City of Berkeley Parking Mitigation (On-Alignment Impacts)Table 3.4-47 City of Berkeley Parking Mitigation (Off-Alignment Impacts)Table 3.4-48 City of Berkeley Parking Mitigation SummaryTable 3.4-49 North Oakland – Temescal Parking Mitigation (On-Alignment Impacts)Table 3.4-50 North Oakland – Temescal Parking Mitigation (Off-Alignment Impacts)Table 3.4-51 North Oakland – Temescal Parking Mitigation SummaryTable 3.4-52 North Oakland – MacArthur-Pill Hill-Koreatown-Northgate Parking Mitigation (On-

Alignment Impacts)Table 3.4-53 North Oakland – MacArthur-Pill Hill-Koreatown-Northgate Parking Mitigation (Off-

Alignment Impacts)Table 3.4-54 North Oakland – MacArthur-Pill Hill-Koreatown-Northgate Parking Mitigation SummaryTable 3.4-55 North Oakland Parking Mitigation SummaryTable 3.4-56 Downtown Oakland Parking Mitigation (On-Alignment Impacts)Table 3.4-57 East Oakland – Eastlake/San Antonio Parking Mitigation (On-Alignment Impacts)Table 3.4-58 East Oakland – Fruitvale Parking Mitigation (On-Alignment Impacts)Table 3.4-59 East Oakland – Fruitvale Parking Mitigation SummaryTable 3.4-60 East Oakland – Central East Oakland Parking Mitigation (On-Alignment Impacts)Table 3.4-61 East Oakland – Central East Oakland Parking Mitigation SummaryTable 3.4-62 East Oakland – Elmhurst Parking Mitigation (Primary Impacts)Table 3.4-63 East Oakland Parking Mitigation SummaryTable 3.4-64 Summary of LPA Impact on Oakland ParkingTable 3.4-65 San Leandro Parking Mitigation (On-Alignment Impacts)Table 3.4-66 San Leandro Parking Mitigation SummaryTable 3.4-67 LPA Parking Mitigation SummaryTable 3.4-68 DOSL Parking Mitigation SummaryTable 3.4-69 LPA and DOSL Alternative Parking Mitigation ComparisonTable 4.1-1 2015 Forecast -Distribution of Employment, Households, and Land Area in the CorridorTable 4.1-2 2035 Forecast -Distribution of Employment, Households, and Land Area in the CorridorTable 4.1-3 Population Densities in the Corridor, 2000Table 4.1-4 Population Densities in the Corridor, 2015Table 4.1-5 Population Densities in the Corridor, 2035

AC Transit East Bay BRT Project xixFinal Environmental Impact Statement/Environmental Impact Report

January 2012

Table 4.1-6 Major Employment/Activity Centers in the CorridorTable 4.1-7 Projected Population Growth 2009 to 2035Table 4.1-8 Projected Job Growth 2009 to 2035Table 4.1-9 Projects, Plans, and Policies—City of Berkeley: Berkeley SubareaTable 4.1-10 Projects, Plans, and Policies—City of Oakland: North Oakland SubareaTable 4.1-10a Projects, Plans, and Policies—City of Oakland: Oakland Central SubareaTable 4.1-10b Projects, Plans, and Policies—City of Oakland: San Antonio, Fruitvale, Central East

Oakland, and Elmhurst SubareasTable 4.1-10c Projects, Plans, and Policies—City of Oakland: San Antonio, Fruitvale, Central East

Oakland, and Elmhurst SubareasTable 4.1-11 Projects, Plans, and Policies—City of San LeandroTable 4.4-1 Ethnic CompositionTable 4.4-2 Household Size and CompositionTable 4.4-3 Household IncomeTable 4.4-4 Households without Private TransportationTable 4.4-12 Minority and Low Income Populations in the CorridorTable 4.5-1 Summary of Affected Utilities within LPA and DOSLTable 4.6-1 Summary of Landscape UnitsTable 4.6-2 Comparison of Landscape UnitsTable 4.6-3 Modifications to Station Locations and Design under the LPATable 4.6-4 Existing In-Street Landscaping Along the BRT CorridorTable 4.6-5 Summary of Visual Effects from Viewpoint 1Table 4.6-6 Summary of Visual Effects from Viewpoint 2Table 4.6-7 Summary of Visual Effects from Viewpoint 3Table 4.6-8 Summary of Visual Effects from Viewpoint4Table 4.6-9 Summary of Visual Effects from Viewpoint 5Table 4.6-10 Summary of Visual Effects from Viewpoint 6Table 4.6-11 Summary of Visual Effects from Viewpoint 7Table 4.6-11 Summary of Visual Effects from Viewpoint 8Table 4.7-1 Historic Properties in the APETable 4.10-1 Active Fault SeismicityTable 4.11-1 Environmental Risk Sites directly on the LPA and DOSL Alignments (30 sites total)Table 4.11-2 Environmental Risk Sites within 1/4 –mile of the LPA and DOSL Alignments (73 sites

total)Table 4.12-1 State and National Ambient Air Quality Standards and Attainment StatusTable 4.12-2 Pollutants Monitored at Air Monitoring Stations Near Proposed BRT AlignmentTable 4.12-3 2006 to 2010 Criteria Pollutant ViolationsTable 4.12-4 Carbon Monoxide Concentrations (Modeled for Existing Conditions)Table 4.12-5 Average Weekday VMTTable 4.12-6 Construction Emissions ThresholdsTable 4.12-7 Criteria Pollutant Emissions ComparisonTable 4.12-8 Carbon Monoxide Concentrations (Modeled for 2015)Table 4.12-9 Carbon Monoxide Concentrations (Modeled for 2035)Table 4.13-1 Sound Levels of Typical Noise Sources and Noise EnvironmentsTable 4.13-2 Land Use Categories and Metrics for Transit Noise Impact CriteriaTable 4.13-3 FTA Ground-borne Vibration Criteria for General AssessmentTable 4.13-4 Long-Term Noise Measurements (dBA)Table 4.13-5 Short-Term Roadway Noise Measurements (dBA)Table 4.13-6 Summary of Noise Impacts for Project Roadways

AC Transit East Bay BRT Project xxFinal Environmental Impact Statement/Environmental Impact Report

January 2012

Table 4.14-1 Transit Operating and Fuel Economy AssumptionsTable 4.14-2 2015 No-Build VMT and CO2 EmissionsTable 4.14-3 2015 No-Build and Build CO2 EmissionsTable 4.14-4 2035 No-Build and Build CO2 EmissionsTable 4.14-5 2015 Annual CO2 Emission Summary (metric tons)Table 4.14-6 2035 Annual CO2 Emission Summary (metric tons)Table 4.15-1 Estimated Energy Usage for Project Corridor – 2015 No-Build and Build AlternativesTable 4.15-2 Estimated Energy Usage for Project Corridor – 2035 No-Build and Build AlternativesTable 4.17-1 LPA Alternative Estimated Daily Construction Emissions - UnmitigatedTable 4.17-2 Feasible Control Measures For Construction EmissionsTable 4.17-3 LPA Alternative Estimated Daily Construction Emissions - MitigatedTable 4.17-4 Construction Equipment Noise Levels and Usage FactorTable 4.17-5 Construction Equipment Vibration Source LevelsTable 4.17-6 Construction Equipment Vibration Impact DistancesTable 4.17-7 Construction Equipment Vibration Impact DistancesTable 4.18-1 Minority and Low Income Populations in the CorridorTable 6.3-1 CEQA Significance Thresholds for Selected Environmental Impact CategoriesTable 6.3-2 Summary of Potentially Significant Impacts: Intersection Operations, AM PeakTable 6.3-3 Summary of Potentially Significant Impacts: Intersection Operations, PM PeakTable 6.3-4 Summary of Noise Impacts for Project RoadwaysTable 6.4-5 Summary Comparison of Alternative to Proposed ProjectTable 7.0-1 Chronology of the BRT Project MeetingsTable 7.1-1 City of Berkeley Meetings on BRTTable 7.1-2 City of Oakland Meetings on BRTTable 7.1-3 San Leandro Outreach ActivitiesTable 8.2-1 LPA Project Capital Cost (Millions of Dollars)Table 8.2-2 LPA Project O&M Cost Drivers, Opening Year (2016)Table 8.2-3 DOSL Alternative Project Capital Cost (Millions of Dollars)Table 8.2-4 DOSL Alternative Small Start Project O&M Cost Drivers, Opening Year (2016)Table 8.2-5 Source of Funding for LPA (Millions of YOE Dollars)Table 9.1-1 Summary of Effects Relative to Project Goals and Objectives

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