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THOMAS JEFFERSON. WHAT A GUY!!!. CHARACTER AS PRESIDENT. Good transfer of power “We are all Federalists, we are all Republicans” Starts precedent of sending messages to Congress. What TJ does to help the Common Man:. repeals the excise tax repeals the Naturalization Act - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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THOMAS JEFFERSON
WHAT A GUY!!!
CHARACTER AS PRESIDENT
Good transfer of power
“We are all Federalists, we are all Republicans”
Starts precedent of sending messages to Congress
What TJ does to help the Common Man:
repeals the excise tax repeals the Naturalization Act Alien and Sedition Acts expire
MARBURY v. MADISON
Adams creates 16 federal judgeships
When TJ becomes president, judges are not sat
John Marshall Marbury sues
Madison for his seat
Uses the 1789 Judiciary Act
Marshall:– Judiciary Act is
unconstitutional– Const = Supreme
Law of the Land– SC = interp Const– SC declare laws
unconst or not!
JUDICIAL REVIEW!
ONLY THE SUPREME COURT HAS THE RIGHT TO DECLARE LAWS CONSTITUTIONAL
As a D-R, TJ believed in:
Rights of the Common man big on farming and agriculture
states rights strict interp. of the Const.
France low tariff
small military
REALIZES THAT THEORY DOES NOT WORK OUT IN
REALITY!!!!
JEFFERSON’S MILITARY PROBLEMS
Army = 2500 men Navy almost
nonexistent Barbary Pirates
and Pasha of Tripoli
Tripoli unofficially declares war on the US
JEFFERSON’S POSITION?
Pacifist noninterventionist no large military not like to help
with trade BUT . . .?
REALIZES THE THEORY DOES NOT WORK IN REALITY
Sends in the small navy
begins to build more ships (smaller, faster)
begins to understand the importance of trade and defending trade routes
IMPACT?
Sets a pattern navy gets
experience for the War of 1812
get respect internationally
TJ changes a position
Purchasing Louisiana
Can the US use the Mississippi?
Who owns land west of the Miss when TJ becomes President?
But in 1800, Napoleon . . .
Why?
TJ sends Monroe and Livingston to Paris to buy N.O. and the Floridas
Napoleon . . . Wants to sell all of
the Louisiana Territory for $15 million
What does TJ do?
Does not think the US can buy it? Why not?
What does he do? BIG CHANGE!!!
Strict to Loose! Theory does not work in Reality!
April 1803
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PURCHASE:
Doubles the size of the US
Absolute control of the Mississippi
no more French precedence for
buying land D-R = loose!
LEWIS AND CLARK EXPEDITION
Journals on soil, climate, vegetation, minerals, Indians . . .
2 years, 4 months helped by . . .
SACAJAWEA
Meanwhile, Britain and France are at war -
again!
US trades with both
England winning at sea, France winning on land, US winning in getting rich
war is at a standstill
England: Orders in Council
French decrees British impressing
again (6000 men) who is the US
angry at? Especially because of the . . .
CHEASEPEAKE INCIDENT(1807)
10 miles off the coast of Virginia
British want to board the ship
fires, kills 3 WAR?!!!? No - military too
weak so . . .
EMBARGO ACT (1807)
NO EXPORTING! Good? Bad? See the beginning
of factories in the North (what group did Jefferson like?) Theory versus Reality!
president control commerce?
Trading going on illegally with Canada
March 1809, repeal the Embargo Act
replace with the Non-intercourse Act (1809)